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if的用法

if的用法
if的用法

一、if作为连词,引导条件状语从句,它表示的意思是“假如”“如果”等。在复合句中如果主句用将来时,则if引导的状语从句用一般现在时。例如:

1. If itdoesn’train, we will go to the park next Sunday. 如果天不下雨,下周星期天我们将去公园。

2. If you ask him,he will help you.如果你求他,他将会帮助你。

二、if还可以引导让步状语从句。这时if当作“即使是”,“虽说”解。例如:

1. If she’s p oor,at least she’s honest.虽说她很穷,但至少她还是诚实的。

2. If I am wrong,you are wrong,too.即使说我错了,那么你也不对。

3. I’ll do it, even if it takes me all the afternoon.虽然会花费我一下午的时间,我还是要做这事。

三、if作为连词还可以引导宾语从句。引导宾语从句时和whether意思相同。例如:

1. Lily asked if /whether she liked it. 莉莉问她是否喜欢它。

2. She asked if /whether they had a cotton one.她问是否他们有一件棉织的。

四、if引导时间状语从句,当if做“当”或“无论何时”解而不含有条件之义时,if从句中的时态与主句中的时态相同。例如:

1. If youmix yellow and blue,you get green.你将黄色与蓝色混合,便会得到绿色。

2. If she wants the servant,she rings the bell.每当她需要仆人时,她便按铃。

五、if后接否定动词,用于感叹句中,表示沮丧、惊奇等。例如:

I. Well,if I haven’t left my false teeth at home!真倒霉,我把假牙丢在家里了!

2. And if he didn’t try to knock me down!(What do you think he did!He tried knock me down!)

六、用于虚拟语气中,if从句中用过去式,表示不可能实现,大概不会实现或提出作为考虑的假定条件。例如:

1. If you were a bird, you could fly.假使你是只鸟,你便会飞了。

2. If I asked him(if I were to ask him) for a loan,would he agree?如果我向他借贷,他会答应吗?

七、if从句中用过去完成式,表示过去未实现的条件(例如由于不可能实现或某人之未能实行)。 1.

If they had startedearlier,they would have arrivedin time.

If they had not started when they did,they would not be here now.

第三,在文学体栽中,if有时可省略,然后将主语与所用的限定动词(尤其是were,had,should)倒置。例如:

1. Should it (=if it should)be necessary,I will go. 倘若有必要,我会去的。

2. Were I(=if I were) in your place,I would do the same .

3. Had I(=if I had)known earlier,I would come.如果我早一点知道,我就会来。

八、if与其它一些介词的连用。

(1)as与if连用,它的意思是:“仿佛、好像”同样引导从句。例如:

1. It isn’t as if we are rich.(We are not rich.)我们不像富有的样子。(即我们不富有)

2. It isn’t as if he doesn’t know the ruler.(i.e.He does know the rulers.)

(2)as if还可以引导感叹句。例如:

As if I would allow it!(i.e.I would certainly not allow it!)

(3)if与only连用。常表示愿望或一个未实现的条件,尤其用于感叹句中。例如:

1. If only he arrives in time!他若能及时到达就好了!

2. If only she would marry me!但愿她能嫁给我!

3. If only she had known about it!(But she didn’t know.)

1.if 可引导状语从句----“如果...,假使...”[就现在,过去,未来可能实现之事加以推测时]

If you are tired, we will go straight home 如果你疲倦了,我们就直接回家

If you have finished reading this book, please return it to me

Do you mind if I open the window? 如果我打开窗子,你介意吗?

I shall tell him if he comes 如果他来了,我会告诉他

2. 用于虚拟语气中

If you knew how I suffered, you would pity me

If I were you, I would help him 如果我是你,我会帮助他

If I had known, I wouldn't have done it 假使我知道,我就不会做那件事

If he had followed my advice, he wouldn't be in such difficulty now

If it should rain tomorrow, I shall not [shan't, won't] come

3.if可引导宾语从句,"是不是..."基本等同于whether

Ask him if it is true 问他那是不是真的

I wonder if he is in the school 我不知道他是否在学校

IF引导的条件状语从句,后半句即主句为将来时,从句则应为现在时。

例如:If he walks to school at 6:50am ,he will be late for school

IF有时候也引导虚拟语气

例如:If I were you, I would go with him.

since用法:

1.用作介词,意思是“从……以来,自从”,常与完成时连用

例如:I haven’t written home since Christmas.

2.用作副词,意思是“从那时以后(一直到现在)”,ever since从那以后一直(更加强调since 的用法)。

His first book was a great success and he has been famous as a writer ever since.

3.用作连词

4.引导原因状语从句,相当于now that,意思是“因为…,既然…,鉴于…”。

Since the rain has stopped,let’s go for a walk.

since表示原因时,语气比because弱,表示的原因是对方已知的,或是句中不很重要的部分,是附带的原因,因此引导的从句不是信息的焦点,不能回答why的提问,也不能用在强调句型中作为被强调的内容。since引导的从句往往放在主句之前。

5. 引导时间状语从句,此用法较复杂。

(1) 若since引导的状语从句的谓语动词是终止性动词(如go,come,leave,start,

begin等)的过去时,则从句表示的时间是“从该动作开始的那一时刻起”。这是最常见的

一种用法。如:

He has studied very hard since he came to our school.

(2) 若since引导的状语从句的谓语动词是持续性动词或表示状态的静态动词(如

live,stay,study,learn,smoke,be等)的过去时,则从句表示的时间是“从该

动作或状态的完成或结束时算起”。如:

I haven’t eaten snakes since I was a student at school.

(3) 若since引导的状语从句的谓语为持续性动词或静态动词的现在完成时,则

表示动作和状态延续到现在(说话时刻),其表示的时间的起点应从动作发生之时算起。

如:

He has written to me frequently since I have been ill.

(4) It is + 段时间+ since... / It has been + 段时间+ since...表示“从……起已有

多长时间了”。两句型意思相同,前者是规范说法,后者是口语说法。

用法:since从句中常用一般过去时,若从句中是持续性动词的一般过去时,则表示该动作结束有多长时间了。如:

It is three years since he smoked.

if 条件句不一般,几个要点记心间;

条件句,放在前,逗号要放句中间。

条件句表可能,主句多用将来时;

条件句表事实,主句常用现在时。

在if 引导的条件状语从句中,如果从句谈论的是一个有可能发生的事实及其产生的相关的结果,主句用一般将来时态,从句用一般现在时态。如:

We can walk there if we can't find a bus .

If it rains tomorrow ,we will not go to the zoo.

What will you do if you find a panda in danger.

如果if 条件句谈论的是重复发生和预示要发生的情景和事件,则主从句大多用一般现在时态。如:If bears are in danger ,they attack people.

注意:

在if 引导的条件状语从句中,if 和条件句位置灵活,可直接放在主句后面,若if 条件句放句首;从句后面要加逗号,和主句隔开。还要注意前后时态一致原则

as if 的用法

as if 好像,好似She spoke to me as if she knew me. 她和我说话的神情,好像她早就认识我似的。(= as though)

一、as if 从句的作用

1、在look, seem 等系动词后引导表语从句。

She looks as if she were ten years younger.

It seems as if our team is going to win.看来我们队要胜了。

2、引导方式状语从句。

She loves the boy as if she were his mother.

二、as if 还可用于省略句中如果as if 引导的从句是“主语+系动词”结构,可省略主语和系动词,这样as if 后就只剩下名词、不定式、形容词(短语)、介词短语或分词。

Tom raised his hands as if (he was going)to say something.

She left the room hurriedly as if (she was)angry.

三、as if 从句的语气及时态

1.as if 从句用陈述语气的情况。当说话者认为句子所述的是真实的或极有可能发生或存在的事实时。

It sounds as if it is raining.He talks as if he is drunk.

2.as if 从句用虚拟语气的情况。当说话人认为句子所述的是不真实的或极少有可能发生或存在的情况时。从句虚拟语气动词时态的形式如下:

(1)如果从句表示与现在事实相反,谓语动词用一般过去时。

You look as if you didn’ t care.

He talks as if he knew where she was.

(2)从句表示与过去事实相反,谓语动词用“had+过去分词”。

He talks about Rome as if he had been there before.

The girl listened as if she had been turned to stone

(3)从句表示与将来事实相反,谓语动词用“would/could/might+动词原形”。

He opened his mouth as if he would say something.

It looks as if it might snow.看来好像要下雪了。

一、as if 从句的作用

1.在look, seem 等系动词后引导表语从句。

She looks as if she were ten years younger.

It seems as if our team is going to win.

2.引导方式状语从句。

She loves the boy as if she were his mother.

The child talked to us as if he were a grow-up.

二、as if 还可用于省略句中如果as if 引导的从句是“主语+系动词”结构,可省略主语和系动词,这样as if 后就只剩下名词、不定式、形容词(短语)、介词短语或分词。

He acts as if (he was) a fool.

Tom raised his hands as if (he was going)to say something.

She left the room hurriedly as if (she was)angry.

三、as if 从句的语气及时态

1.as if 从句用陈述语气的情况。当说话者认为句子所述的是真实的或极有可能发生或存在的事实时。

It sounds as if it is raining.

He talks as if he is drunk.

2.as if 从句用虚拟语气的情况。当说话人认为句子所述的是不真实的或极少有可能发生或存在的情况时。从句虚拟语气动词时态的形式如下:

(1)如果从句表示与现在事实相反,谓语动词用一般过去时。

You look as if you didn’ t care.

He talks as if he knew where she was.

(2)从句表示与过去事实相反,谓语动词用“had+过去分词”。

He talks about Rome as if he had been there before.

The girl listened as if she had been turned to stone.(3)从句表示与将来事实相反,谓语动词用“would/could/might+动词原形”。

He opened his mouth as if he would say something.

It looks as if it might snow.

(4)as if 后面可以接陈述语气和虚拟语气,如果句子的情况是真实的,那么只要保持时态一致即可,如果后面接的并非真实情况,则要按照虚拟语气规则把句子形式改变(简单说就是时态倒退原则)

by的用法总结

by的用法小结: 1、介词prep. 在…旁;靠近 · Our teacher was sitting by the window. 我们的老师正坐在窗户旁边。 · Stand by me! 站到我的身旁来! · We spent our holiday by the sea. 我们在海边度假。 2、介词prep. 经过 · He walked by me without speaking. 他走过我的身旁,没有说话。 · My brother goes by the building every day. 我弟弟每天从这楼旁走过。 3、介词prep. 用;靠;通过 using (showing who or what did something) · I know it by heart. 我把它记在心头。 · They can read by touch. 他们可以通过手摸来阅读。 · By getting up early, I can have an hour for reading English in the morning. 靠起得早,我每天早晨有一小时时间阅读英语。 4、介词prep. 不迟于 not later than · I shall be back by 5 o'clock. 最迟五点我一定回来。 · How many English parties had you had by the end of last term? 到上学期末,你们举行了几次英语晚会? 5、介词prep. 通过;沿着 through; along; over

· We came through the fields, not by the road. 我们是穿过田野而不是沿那条路来的。· to send a letter by post 通过邮局寄信 6、介词prep. (表示作者)被;由 word that shows the author, painter, etc. · Thirty divided by two is fifteen. 三十除以二得十五。 · The child was saved by a PLA man. 这孩子是由一位解放军战士救活的。 · This bridge was built by the soldiers. 这座桥是士兵们造的。 7、介词prep. (指交通等)乘;用 word that shows what kind of transport, etc. · The man came by bus. 那人是坐公共汽车来的。 · They went to Shanghai by air. 他们坐飞机去上海。 8、介词prep. 在…情况下;在…时间during · Do you prefer travelling by day or by night? 你喜欢在白天还是在夜晚旅行? 9、介词prep. (表示部分)在…部位word that shows which part · She led the child by the hand. 她拉着孩子的手往前走。 10、副词adv. 在旁边

C语言for循环语句教案

for循环结构程序设计教案 课程名称:C语言程序设计 本课内容:循环结构程序设计——for 语句 一、教学目标 1、领会程序设计中构成循环的方法 2 、掌握for 语句的用法 二、教学重点 1、for 语句的一般格式 2、for语句的执行过程 三、教学难点 for 语句的综合利用 四、教学方法 1、课堂讲授,给出主要内容。 2、讲解其基本格式。 3、应用示例,结合相应的知识讲解。 4、执行过程用流程图和例题用(演示法和讲解法)进行详细说明。 五、教学过程 (一)导入 1、复习前两节课我们学习的两种循环语句——while语句和do~while 语句的基本格式和执行过程和特征。 2、给出例子如下:

main( ) {int x=1; (表达式1) s=0; while(x<=100) (表达式2) {s=s+x; x=x+1; (表达式3) } printf(“%d”,s); } 分析用while语句来完成的程序,主要完成1到100的累加和,对一个循环程序来说最关键的三个部分:循环变量的赋初值、控制循环条件、循环控制变量的更新。 (二)教学过程 1、写出本节课要介绍的for语句的一般格式 for(表达式1;表达式2;表达式3) 循环体; 2、掌握:基本格式和各个表达式的功能和特征 强调:for语句中的所有表达式和while语句中的表达式所完成的功能是相同的。 表达式1:循环变量的初始化(初始值) 表达式2:循环条件(终止值) 表达式3:循环变量自增 3、for语句的执行过程 for ( int i = 0 ; i < 10 ; i++) { printf("我最棒"); }

excel公式中的If条件语句 如何在excel公式中的if使用and和or逻辑

excel公式中的if条件语句如何在excel公式中的if使用and和or逻辑 2007-12-27 因为本人从事教学工作,经常要用到Excel对成绩进行计算汇总,其中遇到的一个典型的问题是如何根据分数来给出优、良、中、差的等级。 如果只有两个分数段(如及格、不及格两个级别)很好办,假设成绩数据已经输入单元格A1,直接用Excel公式输入条件A1>=60,为真时填写“及格”,为假时填写“不及格”就可以了。这时显示在Excel 单元格里的公式是:=IF(A1>=60, “及格”,“不及格”)。 如果有多个分数段,比如要求: x<60-----------------------不及格 x>=60 AND x<75--------及格 x>=75 AND x<85--------良 x>=85----------------------优

其实很简单,只要了解Excel里IF函数参数和返回值的用法,第一个参数是条件,第二个参数是条件为真的返回值,第三个参数是条件为假的返回值;而且IF函数可以嵌套(根据Excel2003的帮助文件,最多嵌套可达七层),这样上面的问题可以用如下公式来解决: =IF(A1<60,"不及格",IF(A1<75,"及格",IF(A1<85,"良","优"))) (这时无法使用Excel的交互式的方法输入,可以把这个公式修改后复制到单元格里) 因为Excel特有的单元格拖拽功能,很容易就把这个公式给复制到一整列上了,这样就实现了一系列成绩自动的给出等级,使用起来还是比较方便的。这个小技巧比较初级,但是我认为还是比较的实用的,见笑了。 (yanqlv原创,转载请注明出处) feng1725改进与完善: 成绩的正常值在0到100之间,大于0或小于100就是非法值,对此,我们对以上公式进行改进:

IF的用法

IF的用法 if是英语中出现频率很高的连词,并且它的用法也很多。学生感到很难掌握,为了让同学们更多更好地了解其用法及其语法功能。现结合教学中遇到的情况,予以归纳,以供参考。 一、if作为连词,引导条件状语从句,它表示的意思是“假如”“如果”等。在复合句中如果主句用将 来时,则if引导的状语从句用一般现在时。例如: 1. If itdoesn’train, we will go to the park next Sunday. 如果天不下雨,下周星期天我们将去公园。 2. If you ask him,he will help you.如果你求他,他将会帮助你。 二、if还可以引导让步状语从句。这时if当作“即使是”,“虽说”解。例如: 1. If she’s poor,at least she’s honest.虽说她很穷,但至少她还是诚实的。 2. If I am wrong,you are wrong,too.即使说我错了,那么你也不对。 3. I’ll do it, even if it takes me all the afternoon.虽然会花费我一下午的时间,我还是要做这事。 三、if作为连词还可以引导宾语从句。引导宾语从句时和whether意思相同。例如: 1. Lily asked if /whether she liked it. 莉莉问她是否喜欢它。 2. She asked if /whether they had a cotton one.她问是否他们有一件棉织的。 四、if引导时间状语从句,当if做“当”或“无论何时”解而不含有条件之义时,if从句中的时态与主句中的时态相同。例如: 1. If youmix yellow and blue,you get green.你将黄色与蓝色混合,便会得到绿色。 2. If she wants the servant,she rings the bell.每当她需要仆人时,她便按铃。 五、if后接否定动词,用于感叹句中,表示沮丧、惊奇等。例如: I. Well,if I haven’t left my false teeth at home!真倒霉,我把假牙丢在家里了! 2. And if he didn’t try to kn ock me down!(What do you think he did!He tried knock me down!)你猜他想做什么?他想把我撞倒! 六、用于虚拟语气中,if从句中用过去式,表示不可能实现,大概不会实现或提出作为考虑的假定条件。例如: 1. If you were a bird, you could fly.假使你是只鸟,你便会飞了。 2. If I asked him(if I were to ask him) for a loan,would he agree?如果我向他借贷,他会答应吗? 另外,if从句中用过去完成式,表示过去未实现的条件(例如由于不可能实现或某人之未能实行)。例如: 1. If they had startedearlier,they would have arrivedin time.要是他们早些动身,他们便可及时到达了。 2. If they had not started when they did,they would not be here now.如果他们那时不动身,现在他们就不会在此地了。 第三,在文学体栽中,if有时可省略,然后将主语与所用的限定动词(尤其是were,had,should)倒置。例如: 1. Should it (=if it should)be necessary,I will go. 倘若有必要,我会去的。 2. Were I(=if I were) in your place,I would do the same .如果我处于你的位置,我也会这样干的。 3. Had I(=if I had)known earlier,I would come.如果我早一点知道,我就会来。 七、if与其它一些介词的连用。

(完整版)time的用法总结

一. time的短语 from time to time 有时 on time 准时寸,in time 及时寸; all the time 始终,一直; at the same time 同时, ahead of time 提前 at no time 绝不 some time 一段时间 sometime在某一时候”可用来指过去或将来 sometimes (at times, from time to time)有时,不时” at a time (a time)

at one time (once) at times ( sometimes) in no time (immediately ) 立刻,马上; have a good/nice time (enjoy on eself) 过的愉快 for the time being 暂时” “ Many a time/many times 多次 take one ' s time容 kill time消磨时间 【活学活用】选出与画线部分意思相同或相近的选项 1. Jim comes to visit us from time to time. That' always the happiest time for the family. A. on time B. sometime

C. at times D. some times 2.At no time ______ study though __ ___great progress. A. should we give up; we have made B. shouldn 'w t e give up; we have made C. we should give up; we have made D. we shouldn 'g t ive up; have we made 3. ---When shall we visit the Science Museum?” --- ________ next week. ” A. Sometime B. Sometimes C. Some time D. Sometimes 答案:1. C2.A 3A 二.time 相关从属连词高考常考点 1. every time / each time 每次Every time I call on him, he is out.

批处理命令for语句基本用法

批处理命令for语句的基本用法 [系列教程]批处理for语句从入门到精通[20101225更新] ____________________________版主提醒 ____________________________ 文档来自于网络搜索 为了避免影响技术讨论、提高看帖的舒适性,请大家不要在此帖下跟 无实质内容的口水帖,特别是纯顶、纯支持、纯感谢、路过之类的帖子, 管理人员将不定期清理此类回帖,请大家多参与讨论少灌水,与人方便, 终将给自己带来方便,谢谢合作。 ________________________________________________________________ 文档来自于网络搜索 批处理是一门简单的脚本语言,虽然不能独当一面,但是,若作为工作中的辅助工具,绝对会让大家有随用随写、称心如意的畅快感。 文档来自于网络搜索 和其他语言相比,批处理语言有其先天性的优势: 1、系统自带,无需另行安装; 2、命令少,语句简洁,上手非常快; 3、编写出来的脚本小巧玲珑,随写随用; 但是,因为它以命令行方式工作,操作多有不便,在图形界面大行其道的windows世界里,多多少少会让大众望而却步;就算是对命令行有好感的新手,面对微软有如天书的帮助文件,很多人也会败下阵来,因此,论坛里很多会员也发出了编写系统的批处理教程的呼声。

文档来自于网络搜索 编写系统的批处理新手教程,一直是论坛管理层讨论的热点问题,但是,各位管理人员大多都有工作在身,而系统的教程涉及的面是如此之广,面对如此浩大的工程,仅凭一两个人的力量,是难以做好的,因此,本人退而求其次,此次发布的教程,以专题的形式编写,日后人手渐多之后,再考虑组织人力编写全面的教程。 文档来自于网络搜索之所以选择最难的for,一是觉得for最为强大,是大多数人最希望掌握的;二是若写其他命令教程,如果没有for的基础,展开来讲解会无从下手;三是for也是批处理中最复杂最难掌握的语句,把它攻克了,批处理的学习将会一片坦途。 文档来自于网络搜索 这次的for语句系列教程,打算按照for语句的5种句式逐一展开,在讲解for/f的时候,会穿插讲解批处理中一个最为关键、也是新手最容易犯错的概念:变量延迟,大纲如下: 文档来自于网络搜索一前言 二for语句的基本用法 三for /f(含变量延迟) 四for /r 五for /d 六for /l 遵照yibantiaokuan的建议,在顶楼放出此教程的txt版本、word版本和pdf版本,以方便那些离线浏览的会员。 文档来自于网络搜索[本帖最后由namejm于2010-12-26 02:36编辑]

If和+whether的用法讲课教案

If和whether if不能替换whether的5种情况 1.正式文体中,句中有or not 时 2.引起主语,表语,同位语从句时 3.作介词宾语时 4.放不定式前,与不定式组成词组时 5.作discuss等词的宾语时 以上是if和whether表示"是否"之意的区别,此外,if还有加入的意思,引起条件状语从句;而whether 另有不管无论之意,引起让步状语从句 whether与if作“是否”讲,在用法上有相同之处,也有不同之处。 一、相同之处。 1.whether和if都能引导宾语从句,常置于see,ask,learn,tell,wonder,doubt,find out等动词之后。 如:He asked me whether/is I could help him. I want to know whether/if he lives there. 2.whether和if都可用it作形式主语从句中。如:it's uncertain whether/if he'll come this evening. 3.在be uncertain/doubtful之后,常用whether引导宾语从句,有时也可以用if,如:We are uncertain whether/if Mary will come. 二、不同之处。 1.whether可置于句首引导主语从句,而if不能。如:___the 2000 Olympic Games will be in Beijing is not known yet. A.whether B.If C.Whether D.That 答案是C。 2.whether可用在介词之后,引导宾语从句,而If则不能。如:Success depends on whether we make evough effort. 3.whether可引导表语从句,if则不能。如:The puestion is whether it is not worthdoing. 4.在名词之后引导同位语从句时,用whether而不用if。如:The puestion whether the students answered correctly should be decided by the teacher. 5.whether后可接不定式,而if不能。如:Please tell us whether to go or stay here. 6.在有些动词(如discuss)之后,只能用whether,而不用if引导宾语从句。如:We discussed whether we should close the shop. 7.在引导否定概念in宾语从句时,只能用if,而不用whether.如:he asked me if I hadn't finished my work. whether和if都可以引导宾语从句,表示“是否”,在口语或间接引语中两者可以互换使用。如: I wonder if / whether I can get some advice from you. Ask him whether / if he can come. 但在有些情况下,whether和if的用法有一定区别。 1. whether引导的从句常可以与连词or或or not直接连用,而if一般不能。如: 正:Let me know whether you can come or not. 误:Let me know if you can come or not. 2. 当宾语从句提到句首时,只能用whether引导,而不能用if。如: 正:Whether it is true or not, I can’t tell. 误:If it is true or not, I can’t tell. 3. whether可以引导带to的不定式,if则不能。如: 正:I don’t know whether to accept or refuse.

英语中if的用法

精心整理1.(表示条件)如果,主句用将来时,if从句用现在时表示将来Hewillcomeifyouinvitehim. 如果你请他,他会来的。 2.(表示虚拟)假如,要是 1 a. b. 句型:条件从句主句 过去完成时should(would)have+过去分词 Ifshehadworkedharder,shewouldhavesucceeded. Thericewouldnothavebeenburntifyouhadbeenmorecareful.

IfmylawyerhadbeenherelastSaturday,hewouldhavepreventedmefromgoing. Ifhehadcomeyesterday,Ishould/wouldhavetoldhimaboutit. 含义:Hedidnotcomeyesterday,soIdidnottellhimaboutit. c. were+ Ifyousucceeded,everythingwouldbeallright. Ifyoushouldsucceed,everythingwouldbeallright. Ifyouweretosucceed,everythingwouldbeallright.

3.是否=whether连接宾语从句 Iwonderifsheisill. 不知她是否病了。 连接词conj. 1.( 2.( 3.( 4.是否 不知她是否病了。 5.(表示因果关系)每一次...的时候(总是会) IfIfeelanydoubt,Iinquire. 我一感到有疑问就随时询问。 if作为连词的时候,一般用于条件状语从句或者是宾语从句或让步状语从句

with用法小结

with用法小结 一、with表拥有某物 Mary married a man with a lot of money . 马莉嫁给了一个有着很多钱的男人。 I often dream of a big house with a nice garden . 我经常梦想有一个带花园的大房子。 The old man lived with a little dog on the lonely island . 这个老人和一条小狗住在荒岛上。 二、with表用某种工具或手段 I cut the apple with a sharp knife . 我用一把锋利的刀削平果。 Tom drew the picture with a pencil . 汤母用铅笔画画。 三、with表人与人之间的协同关系 make friends with sb talk with sb quarrel with sb struggle with sb fight with sb play with sb work with sb cooperate with sb I have been friends with Tom for ten years since we worked with each other, and I have never quarreled with him . 自从我们一起工作以来,我和汤姆已经是十年的朋友了,我们从没有吵过架。 四、with 表原因或理由 John was in bed with high fever . 约翰因发烧卧床。 He jumped up with joy . 他因高兴跳起来。 Father is often excited with wine . 父亲常因白酒变的兴奋。 五、with 表“带来”,或“带有,具有”,在…身上,在…身边之意

if用法归纳

1. If you eat my food, I won’t talk to you. (P58) 2. I will die , I don’t have food, (P58) 3. What shall we do if it rains tomorrow? 5. She asked me if I was fond of music. 她问我是否喜欢音乐。 6. Can you tell me if they’re planning to come? 你能告诉我他们是否打算过来吗? 7. I don’t know if she’s coming. 我不知道她是否会来。 ◇相关词组 ☆if you want/like如果你愿意的话 You can come and stay with us if you want. ☆if so如果是的话 Are you planning to return to work, and if so, who is going to look after the baby? ☆if not如果不是的话 Has anyone dealt with the technical problems? And if not, why not?☆if necessary/if possible 如果必要/可能的话 We are ready to fight for our rights if necessary. I should like to be back here by 10:30 if possible. ☆even if即使 I’d rather never sell this painting, even if they offered me a million dollars. ☆what if 要是……,那怎么办?如果……那会怎样? What if the boss walked in here now and saw us? ☆as if好像是…… She always talks to me as if she was my sister. ◇相关练习 动词填空: 1. If it ______ (be) sunny tomorrow, I ______( walk) to school . 2. We ________ (not have ) our sports meeting if the

to 用法总结

be/get/become used to 习惯于 be related to 与…有关系 be addicted to 沉溺于;对…上瘾 be opposed to 反对 devote oneself to献身于;专心于 be devoted to 致力于;忠诚于 be admitted to 被…录取;准进入 be reduced to 沦为 reduce…to…使…沦为 be attached to附属于;喜欢;依恋 be adjusted to 适应 be sentenced to被判处 be exposed to 暴露于;遭受 be/become/ get accustomed to//accustomed to 惯于;有…习惯be engaged to 与…订婚 get down to 着手做 lead to 导致 object to反对;不喜欢;不赞成 give rise to 引起 stick to 坚持; see to 负责;注意 contribute to对…作贡献;有助于 make contributions to对…作贡献 apply oneself to 致力于 in addition to除…之外 turn to转向;求助于 look up to 尊敬 belong to 属于 take to 喜爱;开始 respond to 回答;对…作出回应 amount to等于 refer to 谈到;参考;查阅 turn a blind eye to对…视而不见 turn a deaf ear to 对…充耳不闻 show honour to向…表示敬意 propose a toast to 提议…… set fire to 放火烧…… occur to sb. 想起;想到 hold to 坚持;抓住 help oneself to 随便用…… hold on to 抓住;固守

ExcelVBA中for循环语句地用法

Excel VBA中for循环语句的用法 听语音 ? ?| ?浏览:21306 ?| ?更新:2015-05-30 16:57 ?| ?标签:excel ?1 ?2 ?3 ?4 ?5 ?6 分步阅读 for循环语句在VBA中扮演着比较重要的角色,为我们批量的处理表格数据提供了一个很好的途径,下面小编根据自己的一些亲身经验为大家分享一下Excel VBA中for循环语句的两个用法吧!

?office Excel软件 ?具备一定的VB基础更好 1. 1 我们常用的for循环语句有两种,一个是for ……next结构;一个是For each……next结构。这两种结构主要都是针对多数据循环遍历的时候用到的。 那么下面我将分别来介绍一下两种循环结构的具体用法,首先还是要打开VBA编辑器 2. 2 1.for……next结构 这个结构一般是这样的: for i=初始值to 结束值step 步长值 ……

next 具体解释一下,初始值指的是循环开始的值,结束值指的是循环结束的值,实质上就是i值得一个判断,如果i值在起始值和结束值之间,那么进入循环语句,然后i值每运行到next语句后会自动加一个步长值,直至i值超出了初始值到结束值这个围,循环才会结束。这里要说明一下”step 步长值“往往是省略掉的,省略掉的话,步长取默认值为1。下面将以一段小实例来具体说明这个结构的用法: 实例:在sheet1工作表中一次输出1到10这个数,显示在第一列中。 程序: Sub 循环语句() Dim i As Integer For i = 1 To 10 Cells(i, 1) = i Next End Sub

if条件句和should的用法

If 引导条件句的用法 1、真实条件句用于陈述语气,假设的情况可能发生,其中if 是如果的意思。时态关系 句型:条件从句主句 一般现在时shall/will + 动词原形 If he comes, he will bring his violin. 典型例题 The volleyball match will be put off if it ___. A. will rain B. rains C. rained D. is rained 答案B。真实条件句主句为将来时,从句用一般现在时。 注意: 1)在真实条件句中,主句不能用be going to表示将来,该用shall, will. (错) If you leave now, you are never going to regret it. (对) If you leave now, you will never regret it. 2)表示真理时,主句谓语动词便不用shall (will) +动词原形,而直接用一般现在时的动词形式。 2 非真实条件句 1)时态:可以表示过去,现在和将来的情况。它的基本特点是时态退后。 a. 同现在事实相反的假设。 句型:条件从句主句 一般过去时should( would) +动词原形 If they were here, they would help you. b. 表示于过去事实相反的假设。 句型:条件从句主句 过去完成时should(would) have+ 过去分词 If she had worked harder, she would have succeeded. The rice would not have been burnt if you had been more careful. If my lawyer had been here last Saturday, he would have prevented me from going. If he had come yesterday, I should / would have told him about it. 含义:He did not come yesterday, so I did not tell him about it. If he had not been ill and missed many classes, he would have made greater progress. 含义:He was ill and missed many lessons, so he did not make greater progress. c. 表示对将来的假想 句型:条件从句主句 一般过去时should+ 动词原形 were+ 不定式would + 动词原形 should+ 动词原形

if、 whether 用法总结

whether,if if和whether通用,都表示“是否”的意思。一般来说,后者比较正式,在口语中前者常用来代替后者。但两者有时具有不同的暗示。用whether时,正反两面的选择意义较强,问话人并不在意回答是肯定还是否定;而用if时,则比较强调单方面,即正面,问话人希望得到肯定的回答。另外,还要注意以下几点: 一、whether和if都可以与or not连用;但写在一起时,只能用whether,不能用if。如: I don't care whether (或if) it will rain or not. I don't care whether or not it will rain. (不用if) 二、在引导宾语从句时,应注意: 1、表示“是否”时,两词都能引导宾语从句。 I wonder if/whether you can examine him now. 2、宾语从句移置句首时,用whether,不用if。

Whether it is true or not,I can't say. 3、宾语从句为否定形式时,通常用if,而不用whether。 I asked Tom if Mary wouldn’t come. 4、作discuss等词的宾语,用whether不用if。 We discussed whether we should buy the gift for him. 三、在下列情况下,只能用whether,不能用if。 1、与不定式连用时,只能用whether. He can't decide whether to accept or refuse. 2、在介词后,只能用whether。 Everything depends on whether he is ready. 3、在名词后作同位语时,只能用whether。

的用法总结

I t的用法总结 一. 代词: 1)指代上文 2)指代this/that 3)指代未知性别的婴儿或孩子或身份不明的人 4)指代时间/地点/天气/温度/距离/环境 1.It gets dark very early in the winter. 2.What will you call it if it’s a boy 3.I love spring---It’s a wonderful time of the year. 4.It’s less than 100 kilometres from here to Jinan. 5.When the factory closes, it will mean 500 people losing their jobs. 6.What’s this It’s a cat. 7.It has snowed much this year. (1)The book in your bag is very interesting. Can I borrow (2) The book in your bag is more interesting than ______ on the desk. (3) The weather here is much colder than____ in Nanjing. (4) The books are free. You can take____ free of charge. (5) The books in the bag are better than _____ on the desk.

for循环的使用和用法

简单的来说,++i 和i++,在单独使用时,就是i=i+1。 而a = ++i,相当于i=i+1; a = i; 而a = i++,相当于 a = i; i=i+1; 如果实在搞不明白++ --怎么回事,那也不是什么天塌下来的事。 因为a=++i完全可以写成i++; a=i。 a=i++完全可以写成a=i; i++。 而且,这也是一种好的程序风格:++ -- 语句如非特殊需要,请单独一行使用。假设i=1 如果执行a=i++ 完之后, a=1, i=2 如果执行a=++i 结果是, a=2, i=2 要分清楚++i,和i++的区别. i++是先执行当前命令,再执行递增. ++i是先递增,再执行命令 缺点: 对于数组,不能方便的访问下标值; 对于集合,与使用Interator相比,不能方便的删除集合中的内容(在内部也是调用Interator). 除了简单遍历并读取其中的内容外,不建议使用增强的for循环。 一、遍历数组 语法为: for (Type value : array) { expression value; } //以前我们这样写: void someFunction () {

int[] array = {1,2,5,8,9}; int total = 0; for (int i = 0; i < array.length; i++) { total += array[i]; } System.out.println(total); } //现在我们只需这样写(和以上写法是等价的): void someFunction () { int[] array = {1,2,5,8,9}; int total = 0; for (int n : array) { total += n; } System.out.println(total); } 这种写法的缺点: 显而易见,for/in(for each)循环自动控制一次遍历数组中的每一个元素,然后将它赋值给一个临时变量(如上述代码中的int n),然后在循环体中可直接对此临时变量进行操作。这种循环的缺点是: 1. 只能顺次遍历所有元素,无法实现较为复杂的循环,如在某些条件下需要后退到之前遍历过的某个元素;

详细版if的用法.doc

一、if作为连词,引导条件状语从句,它表示的意思是“假如”“如果”等。在复合句中如果主句用将来时,则if引导的状语从句用一般现在时。例如: 1. If itdoesn’train, we will go to the park next Sunday. 如果天不下雨,下周星期天我们将去公园。 2. If you ask him,he will help you.如果你求他,他将会帮助你。 二、if还可以引导让步状语从句。这时if当作“即使是”,“虽说”解。例如: 1. If she’s p oor,at least she’s honest.虽说她很穷,但至少她还是诚实的。 2. If I am wrong,you are wrong,too.即使说我错了,那么你也不对。 3. I’ll do it, even if it takes me all the afternoon.虽然会花费我一下午的时间,我还是要做这事。 三、if作为连词还可以引导宾语从句。引导宾语从句时和whether意思相同。例如: 1. Lily asked if /whether she liked it. 莉莉问她是否喜欢它。 2. She asked if /whether they had a cotton one.她问是否他们有一件棉织的。 四、if引导时间状语从句,当if做“当”或“无论何时”解而不含有条件之义时,if从句中的时态与主句中的时态相同。例如: 1. If youmix yellow and blue,you get green.你将黄色与蓝色混合,便会得到绿色。 2. If she wants the servant,she rings the bell.每当她需要仆人时,她便按铃。 五、if后接否定动词,用于感叹句中,表示沮丧、惊奇等。例如: I. Well,if I haven’t left my false teeth at home!真倒霉,我把假牙丢在家里了! 2. And if he didn’t try to knock me down!(What do you think he did!He tried knock me down!) 六、用于虚拟语气中,if从句中用过去式,表示不可能实现,大概不会实现或提出作为考虑的假定条件。例如: 1. If you were a bird, you could fly.假使你是只鸟,你便会飞了。 2. If I asked him(if I were to ask him) for a loan,would he agree?如果我向他借贷,他会答应吗? 七、if从句中用过去完成式,表示过去未实现的条件(例如由于不可能实现或某人之未能实行)。 1. If they had startedearlier,they would have arrivedin time. If they had not started when they did,they would not be here now. 第三,在文学体栽中,if有时可省略,然后将主语与所用的限定动词(尤其是were,had,should)倒置。例如: 1. Should it (=if it should)be necessary,I will go. 倘若有必要,我会去的。 2. Were I(=if I were) in your place,I would do the same . 3. Had I(=if I had)known earlier,I would come.如果我早一点知道,我就会来。 八、if与其它一些介词的连用。 (1)as与if连用,它的意思是:“仿佛、好像”同样引导从句。例如: 1. It isn’t as if we are rich.(We are not rich.)我们不像富有的样子。(即我们不富有) 2. It isn’t as if he doesn’t know the ruler.(i.e.He does know the rulers.) (2)as if还可以引导感叹句。例如: As if I would allow it!(i.e.I would certainly not allow it!) (3)if与only连用。常表示愿望或一个未实现的条件,尤其用于感叹句中。例如: 1. If only he arrives in time!他若能及时到达就好了! 2. If only she would marry me!但愿她能嫁给我! 3. If only she had known about it!(But she didn’t know.) 1.if 可引导状语从句----“如果...,假使...”[就现在,过去,未来可能实现之事加以推测时] If you are tired, we will go straight home 如果你疲倦了,我们就直接回家 If you have finished reading this book, please return it to me Do you mind if I open the window? 如果我打开窗子,你介意吗?

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