数学专业名词英文解释

高等数学( )一些基本名词中英文对照表

中文英文中文英文

函数逆时针方

向

定义域变量

值域常量

极限坐标轴

极限值横坐标

发散纵坐标

收敛锐角

连续性钝角

连续函数平角

左连续直角

开集圆

闭集半径

闭区间直径

区间三角形

一元函数斜率

多元函数无穷小

内点无穷大

孤立点正

邻域负

导数凸

偏导数凹

微分椭圆

全微分双曲线

偏微分曲线

积分曲面

微积分交

重积分补集

二重积分投影

三重积分等差级数中值定理几何级数极值公理

定积分定义

不定积分定理

曲线积分集合

曲面积分元素

级数空集

数列子集

微分方程相等

常微分方

常数

程

对数

偏微分方

程

差分方程指数

特征方程曲率

间断点曲率圆

渐近线曲率半径切线切平面

切线方程幂级数

拐点收敛半径绝对收敛收敛区间条件收敛收敛区域和函数通解

解特解

初始条件阶

条件极值常数项级

数

必要条件正项级数充分条件交错级数

一般级数收敛判别

法

比较判别

法

《线性代数》英文专业词汇

阿里系各个概念英文缩写名词解释大全

阿里系各个概念英文缩写名词解释大全！！！ GMV成交笔数：拍下的订单笔数，包括未付款的。 GMV成交金额：拍下的订单总金额，包括未付款的。支付宝成交笔数：通过支付宝付款的订单笔数。 支付宝成交金额：通过支付宝付款的订单总金额（不是指确认收货完成了交易，仅指买家完成了付款的动作，因此可能会因为退款，这个数值比商家实际收到的款项高）。支付宝使用率：支付宝成交金额/GMV成交金额（珠宝66%，饰品82%） 支付宝使用率的辅助参数：支付宝笔数/GMV笔数（当支付宝使用率很低时，可用此参数看是否正常(80%以上)。因为采用限时折扣相关促销工具时，支付宝收到的款项是折扣价，销售记录中显示的是原价，会导致二者比率过低。）IPV：itemPageView，商品详情页面打开数。 IPV_UV：商品详情页面访客数。在线商品数：在线的商品数量（SKU）。

购买UV：通过支付宝付款的访客数。 店铺UV：到达店铺任何页面的独立访客数。 店铺PV：PageView，店铺所有页面的总打开数。 佣金：根据扣点百分比，和当日商家支付宝实际收到的金额实时划扣的佣金金额（确认收货后，卖家支付宝账户实际收到的款项为准）转化率1： IPV_UV/ 店铺UV（到达店铺的访客，有多少进入了商品详情页面。） 体现店铺首页、自定义页、分类页是否具备足够的导购能力。转化率2： 购买UV/ IPV_UV（到达商品详情页面的独立访客，有多少付款购买。）体现店铺单品页面图片、描述等是否能刺激购买。 店铺转化率：购买UV/店铺UV（转化率1*转化率2：到达店铺任意页面的访客，有多少付款购买。目前珠宝平均1.39%；饰品平均3.18%。）客单价：

医学术语英文简写

AB 实际碳酸氢盐ACEI 血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂 ACT 激活凝血时间AG 离子间隙 AMI 急性心梗 ANA 抗核抗体ARDS 急性呼吸窘迫综合征 ASO 抗链球菌溶血素“0” ATP 三磷酸腺苷AVNRT 房室结折返性心动过速 AVRT 房室折返性心动过速 BB 缓冲碱 BEE 基础能量消耗BT 出血时间BuN 尿素氮 C3 补体C3 CBC 血常规 CCU 心血管监护室 CHE 胆碱酯酶 CK 肌酸磷酸激酶 CPAP 持续正压通气 CPR 心肺复苏 CT 凝血时间 CVP 中心静脉压 DBP 舒张压 DCT 双氢克尿噻 DIC 弥散性血管内 凝血 DM 舒张期杂音 EF 射血分数 ENT 耳鼻喉科(五官 科) FDP 纤维蛋白原降 解产物 FUO 不明原因发热 GNS 葡萄糖生理氯 化钠溶液 Hb 血红蛋白 HCO3- 碳酸氢根 HCT 红细胞比容 HIV 人类免疫缺陷 病毒 Holter 24h动态心 电图 IABP 主动脉内气囊 反搏术 IHSS 特发性肥厚型 主动脉瓣下狭窄 INR 国际标准比率 IU 国际单位

KPTT 部分凝血活酶时间 KUB 腹部平片 LDH 乳酸脱氢酶NS 生理氯化钠溶液NTG 硝酸甘油 OB 隐油 P(A-a)O2 肺泡气-动脉血氧分压差 P2 肺动脉第二心音PaCO2 动脉二氧化碳分压 PAMPA 氨甲苯酸PaO2 动脉氧分压PCAP 肺小动脉压PCWP 肺毛细血管压PEEP 呼气末正压pH 酸碱度PPD 结核菌素纯蛋 白衍生物 Prn 必要时 PT 凝血酶原时间 qh 每小时1次 qid 每天4次 qn 每晚1次 qod 隔日1次 RF 类风湿因子 RI 胰岛素 RR 呼吸频率 S3 第3心音 S4 第4心音 SaO2 血氧饱和度 SB 标准碳酸氢盐 SBE 亚急性细菌性 心内膜炎 SBP 收缩压 SGOT 血清谷草转氨 酶 SGPT 血清谷丙转氨 酶 SK 链激酶 SM 收缩期杂音 T3 三碘甲状原氨酸 T4 甲状腺素 TAT 抗蛇毒血清 TIL 短暂脑缺血发 作 tid 每天3次 t-PA 组织型纤溶酶 原激活物 TPN 全肠道外营养 TSH 促甲状腺激素 UK 尿激酶 V/Q 通气/灌注比 VMA 香草基杏仁酸

大学英语语言学期末考试名词解释和论述答案

名词解释 https://www.sodocs.net/doc/291222014.html,petence and Performance: The distinction is discussed by the American linguist N. Chomsky in the late 1950’s. Competence----the ideal user’s knowledge of the rules of his language. Performance----the actual realization of this knowledge in linguistic communication. (American linguist N. Chomsky in the late 1950’s proposed the distinction between competence and performance. Chomsky defines competence as the ideal user’s knowledge of the rules of his language. This internalized set of rules enables the language user to produce and understand an infinitely large number of sentences and recognize sentences that are ungrammatical and ambiguous. According to Chomsky, performance is the actual realization of this knowledge in linguistic communication. Although the speaker’s knowledge of his mother tongue is perfect, his performances may have mistakes because of social and psychological factors such as stress, embarrassment, etc.. Chomsky believes that what linguists should study is the competence, which is systematic, not the performance, which is too haphazard. ) 2.Sociolinguistics: is the sub-field of linguistics that studies the relation between language and society, between the uses of language and the social structures in which the users of language live.( It is a field of study that assumes that human society is made up of many related patterns and behaviors, some of which are linguistic.) https://www.sodocs.net/doc/291222014.html,nguage Acquisition: refers to t he child’s acquisition of his mother tongue, i.e. how the child comes to understand and speak the language of his community. (Language acquisition is concerned with language development in humans. In general, language acquisition refers to children’s devel opment of their first language, that is, the native language of the community in which a child has been brought up.) 4.the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis: The Sapir-Whorf hypothesis is a theory put forward by the American anthropological linguists Sapir and Whorf (and also a belief held by some scholars). It states that the way people view the world is determined wholly or partly by the structure of their native language. (2) The Sapir-Whorf hypothesis consists of two parts, i.e. linguistic determinism and relativism. Whorf proposed first that all higher levels of thinking are dependent on language. Or put it more bluntly, language determines thought, i.e. the notion of linguistic determinism. Because languages differ in many ways, Whorf also believed that speakers of different languages perceive and experience the world differently, i.e. relative to their linguistic background, hence the notion of linguistic relativism. 5.Phrase structure rule: The grammatical mechanism that regulates the arrangement of elements that make up a phrase is called a phrase structure rule, such as: NP →(Det) + N +(PP)……e.g. those people, the fish on the plate, pretty girls. VP →(Qual) + V + (NP)……e.g. always play games, finish assignments. AP →(Deg) + A + (PP)……very handsome, very pessimistic, familiar with, very close to PP →(Deg) + P + (NP)……on the shelf, in the boat, quite near the station.

数学符号英文表示

英语数学符号 +plus加号；正号 -minus减号；负号 ±plus or minus正负号 ×is multiplied by乘号 ÷is divided by除号 ＝is equal to等于号 ≠is not equal to不等于号 ≡is equivalent to全等于号 ≌is equal to or approximately equal to等于或约等于号 ≈is approximately equal to约等于号 ＜is less than小于号 ＞is greater than大于号 ≮is not less than不小于号 ≯is not more than不大于号 ≤is less than or equal to小于或等于号 ≥is more than or equal to大于或等于号 %per cent百分之… ‰per mill千分之… ∞infinity无限大号 ∝varies as与…成比例

√(square) root平方根 ∵since; because因为 ∴hence所以 ∷equals, as (proportion)等于，成比例∠angle角 ?semicircle半圆 ?circle圆 ○circumference圆周 πpi 圆周率 △triangle三角形 ?perpendicular to垂直于 ∪union of并，合集 ∩intersection of 交，通集 ∫the integral of …的积分 ∑(sigma) summation of总和 °degree度 ′minute分 ″second秒 ℃Celsius system摄氏度 {open brace, open curly左花括号 }close brace, close curly右花括号

计算机所有专业术语和英文缩略语并解释完整

计算机所有专业术语和英文缩略语并解释完整 悬赏分：10 - 解决时间：2006-6-5 17:34 请大家指点详细一点啊！！！ 提问者：Newall - 童生一级 最佳答案 英文术语完全介绍 1、CPU 3DNow!（3D no waiting） ALU（Arithmetic Logic Unit，算术逻辑单元） AGU（Address Generation Units，地址产成单元） BGA（Ball Grid Array，球状矩阵排列） BHT（branch prediction table，分支预测表） BPU（Branch Processing Unit，分支处理单元） Brach Pediction（分支预测） CMOS（Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor，互补金属氧化物半导体）CISC（Complex Instruction Set Computing，复杂指令集计算机） CLK（Clock Cycle，时钟周期） COB（Cache on board，板上集成缓存） COD（Cache on Die，芯片内集成缓存） CPGA（Ceramic Pin Grid Array，陶瓷针型栅格阵列） CPU（Center Processing Unit，中央处理器） Data Forwarding（数据前送） Decode（指令解码） DIB（Dual Independent Bus，双独立总线） EC（Embedded Controller，嵌入式控制器） Embedded Chips（嵌入式处理器） EPIC（explicitly parallel instruction code，并行指令代码） FADD（Floationg Point Addition，浮点加） FCPGA（Flip Chip Pin Grid Array，反转芯片针脚栅格阵列） FDIV（Floationg Point Divide，浮点除） FEMMS（Fast Entry/Exit Multimedia State，快速进入/退出多媒体状态） FFT（fast Fourier transform，快速热欧姆转换） FID（FID：Frequency identify，频率鉴别号码） FIFO（First Input First Output，先入先出队列） flip-chip（芯片反转） FLOP（Floating Point Operations Per Second，浮点操作/秒） FMUL（Floationg Point Multiplication，浮点乘） FPU（Float Point Unit，浮点运算单元） FSUB（Floationg Point Subtraction，浮点减） HL-PBGA（表面黏著，高耐热、轻薄型塑胶球状矩阵封装） IA（Intel Architecture，英特尔架构） ICU（Instruction Control Unit，指令控制单元） ID（identify，鉴别号码） IDF（Intel Developer Forum，英特尔开发者论坛）

生物及医学专业名词表(中英文对照)

生物及医学专业名词表（中英文对照） 应用生物学Applied Biology医学技术Medical Technology 细胞生物学Cell Biology医学Medicine 生物学Biology护理麻醉学Nurse Anesthesia 进化生物学Evolutionary Biology口腔外科学Oral Surgery 海洋生物学Marine Biology口腔/牙科科学Oral/Dental Sciences 微生物学Microbiology骨科医学Osteopathic Medicine 分子生物学Molecular Biology耳科学Otology 医学微生物学Medical Microbiology理疗学Physical Therapy 口腔生物学Oral Biology足病医学Podiatric Medicine 寄生物学Parasutology眼科学Ophthalmology 植物生物学Plant Physiology预防医学Preventive Medicine 心理生物学Psychobiology放射学Radiology 放射生物学Radiation Biology康复咨询学Rehabilitation Counseling 理论生物学Theoretical Biology康复护理学Rehabilitation Nursing 野生生物学Wildlife Biology外科护理学Surgical Nursing 环境生物学Environmental Biology治疗学Therapeutics 运动生物学Exercise Physiology畸形学Teratology 有机体生物学Organismal Biology兽医学Veterinary Sciences 生物统计学Biometrics牙科卫生学Dental Sciences 生物物理学Biophysics牙科科学Dentistry 生物心理学Biopsychology皮肤学Dermatology 生物统计学Biostatistics内分泌学Endocrinology 生物工艺学Biotechnology遗传学Genetics 生物化学Biological Chemistry解剖学Anatomy 生物工程学Biological Engineering麻醉学Anesthesia 生物数学Biomathematics临床科学Clinical Science 生物医学科学Biomedical Science临床心理学Clinical Psychology Celluar and Molecular Biology精神病护理学Psychiatric Nursing 细胞生物学和分子生 物学 1 / 1

英文写作名词解释

What is a summary? A summary is a short piece of writing that gives the main facts or ideas of a story or article,etc. The qualities of a good summary? It should be objective,that is,the writer does not include any ideas of his/her own. It should be complete ,that is,the writer does not leave out important facts or ideas. It should be balanced,in other words,the writer gives equal attention to each main idea. The goal of a summary? It is to give readers an objective,complete,accurate and balanced view of something(an article,a story ,a novel,a play,etc) Paragraph unity A unified paragraph contains only sentences that explain or support the general statement made in the topic sentence.Any sentence that does not relate to (=is not connected in some way)the main idea will not develop it. How to achieve paragraph unity? Begin with a discussable point and express it in a topic sentence. Stick to this single point throughout,that is,all other sentence should be about this point. Prove or develop the point;don 't merely repeat it. Link your sentence to make your ideas easy to follow. How to outline (=to give the main facts about something) a story? Divide the story into smaller parts. Summarize each part in one sentence. Number your sentence summaries to make them an outline of the story. What is a narrative paragraph? A narrative paragraph is one that briefly describes an incident or a personal experience. Requirements that a good narrative paragraph should meet? Though its length is limited,it is complete,that is,it has a beginning,middle and end. It includes as little conversation as possible. Its sentences are connected by suitable linking words or expressions. Here are some common time linking words/expressions. Afterward later when shortly afterward soon while the next day/night then Paragraph coherence(Coherence is connection ) A coherent paragraph is one in which every sentence after the first is connected to the one before it,to the topic sentence ,or to both ,and readers can readily follow the writer 's train of thought(= a related series of thoughts) An incoherence paragraph is one in which the sentences are badly connected or not connected at all,and the readers are likely to lose their way. How to achieve paragraph coherence? Arrange sentence in a clear order. Use correct pronouns Use correct linking words and expressions. What is exposition?

常用符号和运算符的英语描述

一、数学运算符号的英文表达(小数、分数、百分数和运算符号) 1. 小数表示法 (1) 小数的读法 小数点左边的数通常按基数词读，若为三位以上的数，也可按编码式读法读出，即将数字单个读出；小数点右边的数通常按编码式读法单个读出。如： 6.86 six point eight six 14.15 fourteen point one five 345.456 three four five point four five six 或three hundred and forty－five point four five six (2) 小数中“0”的读法 “0”在小数中通常读作nought（英）或zero（美），也可读作字母o。如： 0.08 （nought）point nought eight 或（zero）point zero eight 9.07 nine point o seven 2. 百分数表示法 百分数中的百分号％读作percent。如： 6% 读作six percent 0.6% 读作（nought）point six percent 500% 读作five hundred percent 3. 倍数表示法 倍数表示方法很多，如： This room is four times as big as mine. 这个房间是我房间的四倍。 This room is three times larger than that one. 这个房间比那个房间大两倍。 The output of coal has doubled. 煤的产量增加了一倍。 My aunt is as old again as I am. 我姑姑年龄比我大一倍。 Productivity is increased three fold. 生产效率提高了两倍。 The volume of the Sun is about 1,300,000 times that of the Earth. 太阳的体积约为地球的1300000倍。 4. 加减乘除式的读法 6+5＝11 Six plus five is eleven 或Six and five is eleven. 11-6＝5 Eleven minus six is five. 或Six from eleven is five. 4×5＝20 Four multiplied by five is twenty.或Four times five is twenty. 20÷4＝5 Twenty divided by four is five. 或Four into twenty goes five.

病理生理学名词解释(发热应激休克DIC)部分词语配有英语注释

发热 Fever 即发热，是指在致热原的作用下，使体温调节中枢调定点上移而引起的调节性体温升高，超过正常值0.5C时的病理过程Fever refers to the regulatory elevation of core body temperature and 0.5 ℃ greater than normal value, due to the upregulation of the thermostat setpoint under the action of pyrogens. Set point 即调定点，是指在下丘脑体温调节中枢内存在着与恒温器相类似的调定点 Hyperthermia 即过热，是指体温调节功能发生障碍，集体体温调节中枢不能将体温控制在与未上移的调定点相适应的水平，使体温被动性升高超过调定点时的病理过程。 Hyperthermia is characterized by an unchanged (normothermic) setting of the thermoregulatory center in conjunction with an uncontrolled increase in body temperature that exceeds the body’s ability to lose heat. Pyrogenic activactor 及发热激活物，是指能激活体内产内生致热原细胞，产生和释放内生致热原的物质。 The term pyrogen is used to describe any substance that causes fever. Exogenous pyrogen 即外致热原，是指来自体外能引起人或动物发热的物质，使发热激活物的重要组成部分。 Exogenous pyrogens are derived from outside the patient; most are microbial products, microbial toxins, or whole microorganisms. EP 即内生致热原，是指在发热激活物的作用下，产内生致热原细胞产生和释放的一类能引起体温升高的致热性细胞因子。 EP is termed as cytokines inducing fever, secreted by EP-producing cells under the stimulation of fever activators. Febrile ceiling 即热限，是指发热时体温上升的高度被限制在一特定范围（42C）以下的现象，是机体调节体温升高的自我限制。 生理性体温升高：在某些生理情况下如剧烈运动，月经前期，心理性应激，由于产热增加也出现体温升高，由于它们没有体温调定点的变化，属于生理反应，故称为生理性体温升高。 热惊厥：发热时可出现中枢神经系统功能障碍，小儿由于中枢神经系统未发育成熟，容易出现局部或全身肌肉抽搐，称为热惊厥。 应激 Stress 即应激，是指机体在受到各种内外环境因素刺激所出现的非特异性全身反应。non-specific response of the body to any demand made upon it----stress

常用数学符号大全

常用数学符号大全 Company Document number：WTUT-WT88Y-W8BBGB-BWYTT-19998

常用数学输入符号：～～≈ ≡ ≠ ＝≤≥ ＜＞≮≯∷ ±＋－ × ÷／∫ ∮∝∞ ∧∨∑ ∏ ∪∩ ∈∵∴//⊥‖ ∠⌒≌∽√（）【】｛｝ⅠⅡ⊕⊙∥αβγδεζηθΔαβγδεζηθικλμνξοπρστυφχψω ΑΒΓΔΕΖΗΘΙΚ∧ΜΝΞΟ∏Ρ∑ΤΥΦΧΨΩ абвгдеёжзийклмнопрстуфхцчшщъыьэюя АБВГДЕЁЖЗИЙКЛМНОПРСТУФХЦЧШЩЪЫЬЭЮЯ

sin(x) 在自变量x处的正弦函数值 exp(x) 在自变量x处的指数函数值，常被写作e x a^x a的x次方；有理数x由反函数定义 ln x exp x 的反函数 a x同 a^x log b a 以b为底a的对数； b log b a = a cos x 在自变量x处余弦函数的值 tan x 其值等于 sin x/cos x cot x 余切函数的值或 cos x/sin x sec x 正割含数的值，其值等于 1/cos x csc x 余割函数的值，其值等于 1/sin x asin x y，正弦函数反函数在x处的值，即 x = sin y acos x y，余弦函数反函数在x处的值，即 x = cos y atan x y，正切函数反函数在x处的值，即 x = tan y acot x y，余切函数反函数在x处的值，即 x = cot y asec x y，正割函数反函数在x处的值，即 x = sec y acsc x y，余割函数反函数在x处的值，即 x = csc y θ角度的一个标准符号，不注明均指弧度，尤其用于表示atan x/y，当x、y、z用于表示空间中的点时 i, j, k 分别表示x、y、z方向上的单位向量 (a, b, c) 以a、b、c为元素的向量 (a, b) 以a、b为元素的向量 (a, b) a、b向量的点积 ab a、b向量的点积 (ab) a、b向量的点积 |v| 向量v的模 |x| 数x的绝对值 Σ表示求和，通常是某项指数。下边界值写在其下部，上边界值写在其上部。 如j从1到100 的和可以表示成：。这表示1 + 2 + … + n M 表示一个矩阵或数列或其它 |v> 列向量，即元素被写成列或可被看成k×1阶矩阵的向量

宏观经济学所有的专业词汇英文缩写及其翻译

宏观经济学所有的专业词汇英文缩写及其翻译accounting 会计 accounting cost 会计成本 accounting profit 会计利润 adverse selection 逆向选择 allocation 配置 allocation of resources 资源配置 allocative efficiency 配置效率 antitrust legislation 反托拉斯法 arc elasticity 弧弹性 Arrow's impossibility theorem 阿罗不可能定理Assumption 假设 asymetric information 非对称性信息 average 平均 average cost 平均成本 average cost pricing 平均成本定价法 average fixed cost 平均固定成本 average product of capital 资本平均产量average product of labour 劳动平均产量average revenue 平均收益 average total cost 平均总成本 average variable cost 平均可变成本

B barriers to entry 进入壁垒 base year 基年 bilateral monopoly 双边垄断 benefit 收益 black market 黑市 bliss point 极乐点 boundary point 边界点 break even point 收支相抵点 budget 预算 budget constraint 预算约束 budget line 预算线 budget set 预算集 C capital 资本 capital stock 资本存量 capital output ratio 资本产出比率 capitalism 资本主义 cardinal utility theory 基数效用论 cartel 卡特尔 ceteris puribus assumption “其他条件不变”的假设

产科英文名词解释

产科英文名词解释 1. Fetal lie（胎产式）The term lie refers to the relationship between the long axis of the mother and the long axis of the fetus. 2. Fetal presentation（胎先露）The presenting part is the portion of the fetus that descend first through the birth canal. 3. Fetal positon（胎方位）The exact fetal position is determined by the relationship of some definite part of the fetus (the guiding point ) to a fixed area of the maternal pelvis. 4. Braxton Hicks收缩The pregnant uterus produces painless palpable contractions at irregular intervals from an early stage in gestation ,these Braxton Hicks Contractions,however, are not positive signs of pregnancy, since similar contractions are sometimes noted in cases of hematometra and occasionally with soft myomas , especially the pedunculated submucous variety. 5.Hegar’s sign（黑格氏征）On bimanual examination the uterine body feels doughy or elastic and sometimes becomes exceedingly soft at about the sixth week after the last period. 6. Abortion（流产）Abortion is termination of pregnancy before 28 weeks of gestation and the fetal weight is less than 1000g. 7. Missed abortion（稽留流产）When the embryo or fetus dies and it is retained in uterus. 8. Habitual abortion（习惯性流产）This is defined as 3 or more consecutive abortion. It is also called recurrent abortion. 9. Placenta previa（前置胎盘）The entire placenta or part of it is implanted in the lower portion of the uterus rather than in the upper active segment，and at least a portion of the placenta precedes the presenting part of the fetus after 28 week. 10. Placenta abruption（胎盘早剥）Partial or complete detachment of the placenta from a site of normal implantation in the corpus uteri before delivery of the fetus and may occur at any time after 20 week’s gestation. 11. Uteroplacental apoplexy（子宫胎盘卒中）Hemorrhage infiltrates the uterine wall. Uterine tetany follows, the uterus appears purplish,copper-colored, ecchymotic, indurated and loss its contractile powebecause of disruption of the muscle bundles. 12. HELLP syndrome The major symptoms are hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, and low platelets syndrome. 13. threatened labor（先兆临产）(1)lightering; (2)false labor pain; (3)show. 14. Onset and diagnosis of labor（临产诊断）The contractions of labor occur regularly and usually increase until they recur every 5 to 6 minutes and last from 30 to 40 seconds, which cause progressive effacement and dilatation of the cervix and descent of the presenting part.

(完整版)英美文学名词解释最全版

01. Humanism(人文主义) 1>Humanism is the essence of the Renaissance. 2> it emphasizes the dignity of human beings and the importance of the present life. Humanists voiced their beliefs that man was the center of the universe and man did not only have the right to enjoy the beauty of the present life, but had the ability to perfect himself and to perform wonders. 02. Renaissance(文艺复兴) 1>The word “Renaissance”means “rebirth”, it meant the reintroduction into western Europe of the full cultural heritage of Greece and Rome. 2>the essence of the Renaissance is Humanism. Attitudes and feelings which had been characteristic of the 14th and 15th centuries persisted well down into the era of Humanism and reformation. 3> the real mainstream of the English Renaissance is the Elizabethan drama with William Shakespeare being the leading dramatist. 03. Metaphysical poetry(玄学派诗歌) 1>Metaphysical poetry is commonly used to name the work of the 17th century writers who wrote under the influence of John Donne. 2>with a rebellious spirit, the Metaphysical poets tried to break away from the conventional fashion of the Elizabethan love poetry. 3>the diction is simple as compared with that of the Elizabethan or the Neoclassical periods, and echoes the words and cadences of common speech.4>the imagery is drawn from actual life. 04. Classicism(古典主义) Classicism refers to a movement or tendency in art, literature, or music that reflects the principles manifested in the art of ancient Greece and Rome. Classicism emphasizes the traditional and the universal, and places value on reason, clarity, balance, and order. Classicism, with its concern for reason and universal themes, is traditionally opposed to Romanticism, which is concerned with emotions and personal themes. 05. Enlightenment(启蒙运动) 1>Enlightenment movement was a progressive philosophical and artistic movement which flourished in France and swept through western Europe in the 18th century. 2> the movement was a furtherance of the Renaissance from 14th century to the mid-17th century. 3>its purpose was to enlighten the whole world with the light of modern philosophical and artistic ideas. 4>it celebrated reason or rationality, equality and science. It advocated universal education. 5>famous among the great enlighteners in England were those great writers like Alexander pope. Jonathan Swift. etc. 06.Neoclassicism(新古典主义) 1>In the field of literature, the enlightenment movement brought about a revival of interest in the old classical works.