(英语) 高考英语阅读理解专题训练答案及解析

（英语）高考英语阅读理解专题训练答案及解析

一、高中英语阅读理解

1．阅读理解

A Guide to the University

Food

The TWU Cafeteria is open 7 am to 8 pm. It serves snacks, drinks, ice cream bars and meals. You can pay with cash or your ID cards. You can add meal money to your ID cards at the Front Desk. Even if you do not buy your food in the cafeteria, you can use the tables to eat your lunch, to have meetings and to study.

If you are on campus in the evening or late at night, you can buy snacks, fast food, and drinks in the Lower Café located in the bottom level of the Gouglas Centre. This area is often used for entertainment such as concerts, games or TV watching.

Relaxation

The Globe, located in the bottom level of McMillan Hall, is available for relaxing, studying, cooking, and eating. Monthly activities are held here for all international students. Hours are 10 am to 10 pm, closed on Sundays.

Health

Located on the top floor of Douglas Hall, the Wellness Centre is committed to physical, emotional and social health. A doctor and nurse is available if you have health questions or need immediate medical help or personal advice. The cost of this is included in your medical insurance. Hours are Monday to Friday, 9 am to noon and 1:00 to 4:30 pm.

Transportation

The TWU Express is a shuttle service. The shuttle transports students between campus and the shopping centre, leaving from the Mattson Centre. Operation hours are between 8 am and 3 pm. Saturdays only. Round trip fare is $1.

（1）What can you do in the TWU Cafeteria?

A. Do homework and watch TV

B. Have meals and meet with friends

C. Buy drinks and enjoy concerts

D. Add money to your ID and play chess

（2）Where and when can you cook your own food?

A. The TWU Cafeteria, Friday.

B. The Lower Café, Sunday.

C. The Globe, Friday.

D. The Mattson Centre, Saturday.

（3）The Guide tells us that the Wellness Centre _________.

A. gives advice on mental health

B. offers services free of charge

C. trains students in medical care

D. is open six days a week

【答案】（1）B

（2）C

（3）A

【解析】【分析】本文是一则应用文．介绍了大学部分服务项目的情况。一是介绍了自助餐厅、咖啡馆，它们营业的项目及时间、地点等．二是可以让学生放松娱乐的地方，可以在这里自己做饭，组织一些活动等．三是关于健康保健卫生，学生可以去咨询有关健康保

健的问题．四是学术支持中心．学生有什么写作、语法、词汇或其他学术问题可以填表登记预约．五是学校有班车来回接送学生往来于学校和商场之间，很是方便。

（1）考查细节理解。根据 Food部分中的“It serves snacks, drinks, ice cream bars and meals”可知在餐厅里你可以用餐；以及“This area is often used for en tertainment such as concerts, games or TV watching.”可知在餐厅中的Gouglas Centre，学生可以进行演唱会，玩游戏等，也就是说在这里你可以和你的朋友见面。故选B。

（2）考查细节理解。根据Relaxation部分中的“The Globe, located in the bottom level of McMillan Hall, is available for relaxing, studying, cooking, and eating.”可知在the Globe人们可以自己做饭的。以及“Hours are 10 am to 10 pm, closed on Sundays.”可知周日关门，其余时间开放。故选C。

（3）考查细节理解。根据 Health部分中的“A doctor and nurse is available if you have health questions or need immediate medical help or personal advice.”可知在the Wellness Centre里，医生和护士会给你一些健康方面的建议。故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，要求考生准确捕捉细节信息，并结合题目要求，从而选出正确答案。

2．阅读理解

Buck did not know that there was trouble ahead, Trouble for every dog with strong muscles and warm long hair, from Seattle to southern California. Some men had found a yellow metal in the Arctic darkness, and thousands of other men were rushing there. These men wanted dogs that were heavy, with strong muscles for working hard and furry coats to protect them from the cold.

Buck lived at a big house in a sunny valley in California which was owned by Judge Miller. He was neither a house dog nor a kennel (狗窝) dog. The whole of Judge Miller's land was his. Buck was king—king over all the crawling, flying things of Judge Miller's lands, humans included.

His father, Elmo, had been the Judge's inseparable companion. And when he died, Buck took his father's place. He was not so large—he weighed only sixty kilogram—for his mother, Shep, had been a Scottish sheepdog. Hunting and other outdoor activities had hardened his muscle, and swimming had made him healthy.

This was Buck in the autumn of 1897, when the discovery of gold in the Klondike brought Men from everywhere to the frozen north. But Buck did not read the newspapers. And he did not know that Manuel one of the gardeners helper, was not a good man. Manuel gambled (赌博) and wasted the little money he had. No one saw him and Buck go off on what Buck thought was a walk. No one saw them arrive at the railway station where Manuel sold Buck to a man who was waiting for him.

After two days ho was cried off the train in Seattle into a small, high-walled yard. There a fat man in a red sweater broke open the cage with a small axe (斧头)，while holding a club (棍棒) in the other hand. When there was a big enough opening, Buck jumped out like a red-eyed devil, straight at the fat man. But in mid-air, just as his teeth were going to close on the man, he received a shock that he had never felt before. It turned him over and onto the ground. He had

never been struck by a club in his life, and he did not understand. He was smashed down a dozen times.

Buck saw that he stood no chance against the man with the club. He had learned the lesson, and for the rest of his life he never forgot it. It was his introduction into the world of primitive law. In the end a small man called Perrault paid three hundred dollars for him, and he was led away with Curly, a good-natured Newfoundland dog.

（1）What kind of dogs did the gold-seekers want?

A.Heavy house dogs with yellow hair.

B.Strong long-haired dogs.

C.Diligent dogs with yellow hair

D.Muscular kennel dogs.

（2）Buck was proud of himself for the following reasons, EXCEPT that ______.

A.he was king over all living things of Judge Miller's lands

B.he became the Judge's inseparable companion after his father's death

C.he had a good life with many outdoor activities to get strong and healthy

D.he was wanted by gold-seekers thanks to his strong muscles and long hair

（3）Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?

A.Judge Miller owned a big house and a large piece of land in the Klondike.

B.Manuel bought and sold Buck because he needed money to support his life.

C.The fat man cruelly beat Buck with a club to teach him how to fight back.

D.Buck's introduction into the word of primitive law was obeying the fat man.

（4）What can be the suitable title for the excerpt?

A.Fall into Trouble

B.Fight against a Man

C.Escape from Trouble

D.Believe in a Man

【答案】（1）B

（2）D

（3）D

（4）A

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一只名为巴克的狗的遭遇。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Trouble for every dog with str ong muscles and warm long hair, from Seattle to southern California. These men wanted dogs that were heavy, with strong muscles for working hard and furry coats to protect them from the cold.”可知，从西雅图到南加州，每一条长着结实的肌肉和温暖的长毛的狗都会在劫难逃。这些寻金人需要的是，高大强壮，有强壮的肌肉，能吃苦耐劳且皮毛可以帮助他们抵御寒冷的狗。所以淘金者需要的是强壮的长毛狗。故选B。

（2）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Buck was king—king over all the crawling, flying things of Judge Miller's lands, humans included.”可知，巴克是国王——统治着Judge Miller领地上所有爬行、飞行的东西，包括人类。所以A选项是巴克自豪的原因；第三段中的“His father, Elmo, had been the Judge's inseparable companion. And when he died, Buck took his father's

place. Hunting and other outdoor activities had hardened his muscle, and swimming had made him healthy.”他的父亲艾尔莫一直是Judge Miller形影不离的伙伴。他死后，巴克接替了他父亲的位置。打猎和其他户外活动锻炼了他的肌肉，游泳使他身体健康。所以B,C两项是巴克自豪的原因。故D项不是巴克自豪的原因。故选D。

（3）考查细节理解。根据倒数第三段中的“But in mid-air, just as his teeth were going to close on the man, he received a shock that he had never felt before, It turned him over and onto the ground. He had never been struck by a club in his life, and he did not understand. He was smashed down a dozen times.”可知，就在它的牙齿要碰到他的皮肤时，那人用棒子给了它一下，这还是有人头一次用棒子打他，他不知所措。它被打倒在地。它被木棒打了10几次；以及倒数第四段中的“Buck saw that he stood no chance against the man with the club.”可知，巴克看到，它再也站不起来对抗他的木棒。所以巴克被打，无力反抗只能屈服于这个胖人。由此判断出，巴克的丛林法则就是屈服于这个胖人。故选D。

（4）考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的“Buck did not know that there was trouble ahead, Trouble for every dog with strong muscles and warm long hair, from Seattle to southern California.”可知，巴克不知道前面会遇到麻烦，从西雅图到南加州，每一条长着结实的肌肉和温暖的长毛的狗都会在劫难逃以及下文对于巴克的具体遭遇可知，短文最佳的标题为“陷入麻烦”。故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和主旨大意两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

3．阅读理解

American college students are becoming more adventuresome as they study abroad, showing less interests in English-speaking destinations such as Great Britain and Australia and more in such countries as China, India, Argentina and Brazil.

Britain remained the most popular study destination in 2005, according to annual figures from the Institute of International Education, followed by Italy, Spain and France. But the number of American students studying in Britain and Australia descended a little, even as the number of American students abroad rose by 8%. The growth came in non-English speaking European countries and in Asia. China is now the eighth most popular destination for American students, attracting nearly 6,400 in 2005, up 35% from the number of the year before. Argentina and India saw increases of more than 50%.

Allan Goodman, president of the Institute of International Education, said that a range of factors contributed to the trend, from growing awareness of globalization after the terrorist attacks on September 11, 2001, to programs such as former President Bush's National Security Language Initiative, which trains soldiers, intelligence officers and diplomats in foreign languages. “What Americans are doing is waking up and discovering there's a world out there,” he said.

Other figures showed the flow of students in the opposite direction, from foreign countries into American universities. The institute found that international enrollment (入学) in American higher education remained steady at about 565,000. The figures are of keen interest to universities, which depend on foreign students for teaching and research help, and to policy-

makers, who consider it important, as future foreign leaders may be familiar with the United States. The year of 2005 saw big increases in students from South Korea, Mexico and Taiwan of China. India sends the most students and China is No.2. Other countries that show large percentage increases in the number of students sent to the US include Nepal and Vietnam, while Japan, Turkey and Malaysia saw declines. About 58% of international students in the US come from Asia.

（1）What does the underlined word “descended” in Paragraph 2 means?

A. Changed.

B. Declined.

C. Multiplied.

D. Increased.

（2）Why do more American students study in Asia?

A. They expect to get more teaching and research help.

B. They lose confidence in English-speaking countries.

C. They are afraid that terrorist attacks will happen again.

D. They prefer to explore a different world from their own.

（3）Where were most foreign students in America from in 2005?

A. China.

B. India.

C. Argentina.

D. Britain.

（4）What can we infer from the passage?

A. There were 6,400 American students studying in China in 2005.

B. Chinese students to America will overpass Indians in the future.

C. International enrollment in American higher education changed a lot.

D. Asian students account for a large part of foreign students in America.

【答案】（1）B

（2）D

（3）B

（4）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了不同国家的人国外留学的情况。

（1）考查词义猜测。根据第二段中的“But the number of American students studying in Britain and Australia descended a little, even as the number of American students abroad rose by 8%.”这句话的后半句的意思是“尽管美国学生在国外的人数增长了8%”，由此推知“但是在英国和澳大利亚学习的美国学生人数下降了一点，”故选B。

（2）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“What Americans are doing is waking up and discovering there's a world out there,”可知，现在越来越多的美国学生来到亚洲是因为他们更喜欢从自己的世界去探索不同的世界。故选D。

（3）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“The y ear of 2005 saw big increases in students from South Korea, Mexico and Taiwan of China. India sends the most students and China is No.2.”可知，在2005年美国多数的外国学生都来自印度。故选B。

（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“About 58% of international students in the US come from Asia.”可知，在美国，亚洲学生占外国学生的很大一部分。故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇社会现象类阅读，要求考生准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，选出正确答案。

4．阅读理解

Destination Travels

78 Soho St,

New York, NY

Dear Ms Pierce,

Thank you for trusting Destination Travels for your honeymoon plans. This letter includes all the information regarding the flights and accommodation arrangements we have already agreed on.

Date Flight No.Place/Time Depart Place/Time Arrive

August 6UA 674New York, JFK 6:30 AM Puerto Rico Int. Airport 9:00AM

August 15UA 673Puerto Rico Int. Airport 1:00 PM New York, JFK 3:30 PM

be waiting for you in order to transfer you to the hotel. The transfer to and from the airport is offered by the hotel as part of your honeymoon package. The reservation has been made for a nine-night stay under your future husband's last name. The price of the newlyweds' suite includes breakfast and one more meal at the hotel restaurant. You can also use all of the hotel facilities—pool, gym, sauna, etc. for free as part of your honeymoon package. In addition, you can take scuba diving or snorkeling classes with the hotels trained staff at a reduced price—40% off.

Thank you for choosing Destination Travels. We guarantee your honeymoon with us will be an unforgettable experience. To aid us in improving our service, please visit our website at www. https://www.sodocs.net/doc/2916013049.html, and complete the questionnaire.

Destination Travels wish you all the best.

Sincerely.

Rebecca Simms

Customer Service Manager

Destination Travels

（1）After arriving at Puerto Rico Int, Airport, the couple can get directions from ________.

A. a Destination Travels Manager'

B. an official of New York City Hall

C. a tourist information desk

D. a hotel worker

（2）What service is offered by the hotel at no extra cost to the newlywed couple?

A. The snorkeling classes.

B. The airport express service.

C. A one-night stay.

D. The air tickets.

（3）What does the customer service manager ask Ms Pierce to do?

A. Call the service department.

B. Complete the order form.

C. Scan the website to find information.

D. Fill out the customer satisfaction survey.

【答案】（1）D

（2）B

（3）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，是酒店客服经理写给皮尔斯的一封信。信中告知了所乘坐的航班和住宿安排的所有信息，感谢了皮尔斯的到来并请他填写问卷调查表。

(1)考查细节理解。根据表格后的内容“On arriving at Puerto Rico Int, Airport, a representative of The Caribbean Hotels &Resorts will be waiting for you in order to transfer you to the hotel.” 可知，一到达Puerto Rico Int,，就会有酒店与度假村的代表（Representative）即工作人员（worker）在等你以便将您送到酒店。也就是这对夫妇得到酒店的工作人员的指引，故选D。

(2)考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“The transfer to and from the airport is offered by the hotel as part of your h oneymoon package.”可知，机场来回的换乘车是酒店蜜月套餐的一部分，不用再有额外的花费，故选B。

(3)考查细节理解。根据“please visit our website at www. https://www.sodocs.net/doc/2916013049.html, and complete the questionnaire.”可知，客服经理请皮尔斯女士完成问卷调查，即填写客户满意度调查。故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇生活类阅读，要求考生准确捕捉细节信息，结合题目要求，选出正确答案。

5．阅读理解

Mexico sites on an island plateau (高原) surrounded by volcanic peaks, which makes air quality a constant concern for people who live there.

In April, the country took a decisive step toward improving air quality by enacting a temporary ban on private and Federal vehicles in the city. The rule forbids people from driving in the city one day each week and one Saturday each month. Electric vehicles, government service vehicles, public transport options and school buses are not included in the ban.

Mexico City isn't the first urban center to be involved in car-free living. But the ban is more than an awareness-raiser. It was enacted with the direct aim of solving air pollution. In March, the city sank into a deep brown haze of smog when the pollution levels passed the 200 mark. The city ordered some 1.1m of the area's 4.7m cars off the streets and also offered free bus and subway rides.

Mexico City's temporary vehicle ban raises questions about the best ways to improve urban air quality. India, whose citizens breathe some of the world's dirtiest air, has tried a variety of solutions. Earlier this year, the Indian government started a 4% sales tax on new-car purchases. Beijing also has experience with cleaning the air. The city introduced alternate-day rules in advance of the 2008 Olympic Games, which produced good results. And then there is the London congestion (拥挤) charge, introduced in 2003. The charge has had a measurable effect on air quality.

For now, Mexico City — named by the United Nations as the most polluted city on the planet in 1992 — can look forward to the start of the region's rainy season, when daily showers will help lo clean the air.

（1）How did Mexico ban vehicles in the city?

A. By banning private and Federal vehicles one day a week.

B. By forbidding private and public vehicles every Saturday.

C. By limiting the number of new cars.

D. By prohibiting the vehicles except public ones.（2）What did the government of Mexico do when carrying out the ban on vehicles?

A. Raised the number of public vehicles.

B. Offered free bus and subway rides.

C. Introduced more travel options.

D. Encouraged citizens to leave the city.

（3）What may contribute to improving the air quality in Mexico?

A. Alternate-day rules.

B. Tax rises.

C. Congestion charge.

D. The rainy season.（4）What's the best title for the passage?

A. Mexico —an Island Plateau

B. A Variety of Bans on Vehicles in Mexico

C. Should Cities Be Car-free Zones

D. How to Improve Air Quality

【答案】（1）A

（2）B

（3）D

（4）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，墨西哥墨西哥政府为了提高空气质量，在实施车辆禁令时提供免费巴士和地铁。他们希望城市应该是无车区。

(1)考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“In April, the country took a decisive step toward improving air quality by enacting a temporary ban on private and Federal vehicles in the city. The rule forbids people from driving in the city one day each week and one Saturday each month.”可知，墨西哥是通过每周有一天禁止私人和联邦车辆来禁止车辆进入城市的。故选A。

(2)考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“The city ordered some 1.1m of the area's 4.7m cars off the streets and also offered free bus and subway rides.”可知，墨西哥政府在实施车辆禁令时提供免费巴士和地铁。故选B。

(3)考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段最中的“The charge has had a measurable effect on air quality.”可知，拥挤费有助于改善墨西哥的空气质量。故选D。

(4)考查主旨大意。根据最后一段中的“For now, Mexico City — named by the United Nations as the most polluted city on the planet in 1992 — can look forward to the start of the region's rainy season, when daily showers will help lo clean the air.”可知，城市应该是无车区。故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇环保类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，选出正确答案。

6．阅读理解

There's a song by the great Jamaican singer Bob Marley called So Much Trouble In The World. Marley understood that part of the reason why there are so many problems in the world is the lack of tolerance between people. The UN understands this too --- that's why it made Nov 16th "International Day for Tolerance".

But first of all, what is tolerance? According to French philosopher Voltaire, tolerance "s the consequence of humanity. We are all formed of frailty (脆弱) and error; let us pardon each other's fool --- that is the first law of nature."

Very often, people don't realize that they're intolerant. This is because intolerance has a lot to do with ignorance. For example, the UN's campaign is in part about the treatment of females by males. But often, the behavior of men toward women is intolerant because men don't put themselves in the shoes of women.

It's worth thinking a little about the words "tolerance" and "intolerance". Are they the best words to describe the evils of which we're speaking here? To agree to be "tolerant" of someone isn't necessarily a very respectful thing. When someone is tolerated, it implies that there's something wrong with them.

Still, what Voltaire said stands: We humans are not perfect and this weakness is something that we all share. That's the reason we should be tolerant. It's a little like generosity. We can give things to another person, and we can also give our forgiveness.

（1）What's the purpose of the UN "International Day For Tolerance"?

A. To arouse people's awareness of tolerance among people.

B. To celebrate the founding of the UN.

C. To solve the problem of global warming.

D. To change peopled opinion towards globalization.

（2）Why do men behave intolerantly towards women?

A. Because men don't realize the purpose of the UN.

B. Because men are physically stronger than women.

C. Because men don't appreciate the shoes of women.

D. Because men are not willing to understand women.

（3）Why is it meaningless to use the words "tolerance" and "intolerance"?

A. Because they are hard to pronounce in English.

B. Because they don't express the exact meaning people refer to.

C. Because they can't be translated into other languages.

D. Because they can't be used in a respectful way.

（4）In what sense is "tolerance" similar to "generosity"?

A. Humans are advised to treat others better.

B. Humans leant to find faults in others.

C. Humans need to give something to others,

D. Humans will change their attitudes to others.

【答案】（1）A

（2）D

（3）B

（4）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了"国际宽容日"，联合国"国际宽容日"的目的是唤起人们对宽容的意识。

（1）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“Ma rley understood that part of the reason why there are so many problems in the world is the lack of tolerance between people. The UN understands this too --- that's why it made Nov 16th 'Interna tional Day for Tolerance'.”可推断，世界上的人们缺乏包容，因此联合国把11月16日设置为“国际宽容日”是为了唤起人们的包容意识。故选A。

（2）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“But often, the behavior of men toward women is intolerant because men don't put themselves in the shoes of women.”可知，男性对女性不包容是因为他们不愿意设身处地的为女性着想，不愿意理解她们。故选D。

（3）考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段中的“Are they the best words to describe the evils of which we're speaking here? To agree to be 'tolerant' of someone isn't necessarily a very respectful thing. When someone is tolerated, it implies that there's something wrong with them.”可知，对某人宽容并不一定是一件值得尊重的事情，某人如果被包容，就暗示着某人有问题，因此推断使用“宽容”或者“不宽容”是没有意义的，因为它们不能准确表达人们所指的意思。故选B。

（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“It's a little like generosity. We can give things to another person, and we can also give our forgiveness.”可推断，在我们给与别人谅解时，宽容有点像慷慨。故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，要求考生根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。

7．阅读理解

Bike Share Toronto is the city's official bike share program, designed to give locals and visitors a fun, affordable and convenient alternative to walking, taxis, buses and the subway. There are 200 Bike Share Toronto stations and 2,000 bikes across the city, making Bike Share the most accessible way to get around and explore.

How it works

Become an Annual Member or buy a day Pass to access the system.

Find an available bike nearby, and get a ride code or use your member key to unlock it.

Take as many short rides as you want while your pass or membership is active.

Return your bike to any station, and wait for the green light on the dock(停靠点)to make sure it's locked.

Choose a plan

For visitors

Day Pass: $7. Unlimited 30-minute rides in a 24-hour period.

3-Day Pass: $15. Unlimited 30-minute rides in a 72-hour period.

For locals

Monthly Pass: $25. Unlimited 30-minute rides for a month.

Annual Membership: $90. Unlimited 30-minute rides for a whole year. The Annual Membership is the best deal for locals of Toronto and other frequent riders.

The first 30 minutes of each ride is included with the membership or pass price. Avoid extra fees by dropping off your bike every 30 minutes at any other station. If you keep a bike out for longer than 30 minutes at a time, you will be charged an extra $1.50 for the first 30 minutes over, $4 for the next 30 minutes, and $7 for each additional 30 minutes after that.

Contact us

●Customer Service: (855)898-2388

●Repair Service: (855)-2378

●Corporation Partners: (855)898-2398

●Employment Opportunities: (855)898-2498

（1）Which is the most suitable choice for locals in Toronto?

A. Day Pass

B. 3-Day Pass

C. Monthly Pass

D. Annual Membership （2）How much will the extra fee be if you travel for two hours by bike?

A. $5.5

B. $9.5

C. $12.5

D. $15.5

（3）For more information about working at Bike Share Toronto, contact it at _________.

A. (855)898-2399

B. (855)898-2378

C. (855)8989-2398

D. (855) 898-2498（4）Which of the following statement is TRUE?

A. A member can get a code or a key to the bike

B. Bike Share Toronto is a non-profit organization

C. Shared bikes have taken the place of other vehicles

D. The green light on the dock shows the bike is unlocked

【答案】（1）D

（2）C

（3）D

（4）A

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇广应用文，共享自行车多伦多是城市的官方自行车分享计划，旨在为当地人和游客提供一个有趣，实惠和方便的替代步行，出租车，公共汽车和地铁．本文以此展开，讲述了共享自行车是怎样运行，使用，收费的。

（1）考查细节理解。根据文中“The Annual Membership is the best deal for locals of Toronto and other frequent ri ders”一年一度的会员是多伦多当地最好的交易和其他频繁的骑手。故选D。

（2）考查细节理解。根据" If you keep a bike out for longer than30 minutes at a time, you will be charged an extra $1.50 for the first 30 minutes over $4 for the next 30 minutes. and s7 for each additional 30 minutes after that”如果你保持自行车超过30分钟你将被一个额外的1.50美元的前30分钟4美元在接下来的30分钟7美元为每个额外的30分钟之后。所以超过两小时,就是1.5-4+7=12.5,故选C。

（3）考查细节理解。根据“Employment Opportunities: (855)898-2498”就业机会打（855）898-2498，故选D。

（4）考查细节理解。根据“Become an Annual Member or buy a day Pass to access the system. Find an availab le bike nearby, and get a ride code or use your member key to unlock it.”系统是怎么工作的，成为一年一度的成员或买一天通过访问系统。附近找到一个可用的自行车,和搭车的代码或使用你的解锁的关键成员，故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读。要求考生准确捕捉细节信息，结合题目要求，从而选出正确答案。

8．阅读理解

On average, Americans spend about 10 hours a day in front of a computer or other electronic devices and less than 30 minutes a day outdoors. That is a claim made by David Strayer, a

professor of psychology at the University of Utah. In his 2017 TED Talk, Strayer explained that all this time spent with technology is making our brains tired.

Using an electronic device to answer emails, listen to the news and look at Facebook puts a lot of pressure on the front of the brain, which, Strayer explains , is important for critical (有判断力的)thinking , problem-solving and decision-making.

So, it is important to give the brain a rest. And being in naure, Strayer claims, helps get a tired brain away from too much technology. More than 15,000 campers from around the world attended an international camping festival in September. That is when friends and family take time off and escape to nature for several days. They take walks, climb, explore, swim, sleep, eat and play. Camping may be just what a tired brain needs.

Take Carl for example .He lives in West Virginia and enjoys camping. He says that staying outdoors makes him feel at ease. It also prepares him for the work he must do. Kate Somers is another example who also lives in West Virginia. She says she enjoys camping with her husband and two children. She calls it a “regenerative” experience.

At the University of Utah, David Strayer has studied both short-term and long-term exposure to nature. He found that spending short amounts of time in nature without technology does calm the brain and helps it to remember better. However, he found, it is the long-term contact with nature that does the most good. He and his research team found that spending three days in nature without any technology is enough time for the brain to fully relax and reset itself.

（1）What is David Strayer's opinion?

A. Americans dislike outdoor activities.

B. Electronic equipment should be quitted.

C. New technologies are a double-edged sword.

D. Electronic equipment brings great convenience.

（2）Why does Strayer insist we go outdoors?

A. To try another lifestyle.

B. To refresh our brain.

C. To make better decisions.

D. To play with our family and friends.

（3）What does the underlined word “regenerative” mean?

A. Reborn

B. Memorable

C. Remarkable

D. Tiring

（4）Which is the proper title for the passage?

A. Electronic Equipment Harms the Brain.

B. Good Rest Develops Good Memory.

C. Tips on Using New Technologies.

D. Being in Nature Is Good for the Brain.

【答案】（1）C

（2）B

（3）A

（4）D

【解析】【分析】本文属于科普文，主要阐述电子产品的过多使用让大脑得不到休息，因而鼓励人们多进行户外活动，让大脑休息。

（1）推理判断题。根据第二段Using an electronic device to answer emails, listen to the news and look at Facebook puts a lot of pressure on the front of the brain可知，电子产品和网络信息给我们带了方便，也给我们大脑产生了巨大的压力，故可知，科技是一把双刃剑，故选

C。

（2）细节理解题。根据第三段So, it is important to give the brain a rest. And being in nature , Strayer claims , helps get a tired brain away from too much technology.可知，亲近大自然，可以让我们疲惫的大脑远离科技产品，让大脑获得休息，故选B。

（3）词义猜测题。根据前文Take Carl for example .He lives in West Virginia and enjoys camping. He says that staying outdoors makes him feel at ease. It also prepares him for the work he must do.可知，喜欢露营，呆在户外让他感到轻松，能够为必须做的工作做好准备，故可知这个过程是一个再生的过程，让大脑休息的过程，故选A。

（4）主旨大意题。本文主要阐述电子产品的过多使用让大脑得不到休息，因而鼓励人们多进行户外活动，让大脑休息，故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断，词义猜测和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇说明类阅读，要求考生先从问题中抓住关键性词语（题眼），然后以此为线索，运用略读及查读的技巧快速在文章中寻找与此问题相关的：段落、语句，仔细品味，同时根据上下文进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

9．阅读理解

A new study suggests a link between exposure to greenery and reduced desires for alcohol cigarette and junk food.

The study is the first to investigate the possible relationships between exposure to nature and desires and negative emotions. Researchers at the University of Plymouth's School of Psychology surveyed 149 respondents (应答者) aged 21 o 65 about the proportion( 比例 )of green space in their neighborhood, the presence of green views from their home, their access to a garden and how often they use public green space. The study also asked questions about experiences with depression and anxiety, as well as desires for things like caffeine, alcohol and nicotine. Participants rated the intensity( 强度), imagery, and intrusiveness(侵扰性) of their desires on an 11-point scale.

Researchers found the presence of visible green space contributed to decreased desires for junk food. The effect was particularly noticeable when more than 25 percent of a respondent's view was greenery.

Previous scholarship(学术研究) has dealt mostly with exercise in nature: A 2015 study out of the University of Michigan found 90- minute group nature walks were effective at combatting depression and relieving other mood disorders. But for people who struggle with accessibility or don't have time for a 90-minute walk, this new study suggests just looking out a window at a tree can help fight off a bad habit.

"It has been known for some time that being outdoors in nature is linked to a person's well-being," lead author Leanne Martin said in a statement." But for there to be a similar association with desires from simply being able to see green space adds a new dimension to the previous research."

A 2018 study from Denmark's Aarhus University for example, found that. Having access to green space throughout childhood decreased a person's risk of developing mental health

problems as an adult.

（1）What does the second paragraph mainly talk about?

A.The results of the new study.

B.The purpose of the new study.

C.The significance of the new study.

D.The content of the new study.

（2）What does the underlined word "combatting" in paragraph 4 probably mean?

A.Reducing.

B.Developing.

C.Understanding.

D.Encouraging

（3）According to the passage, the new study _____.

A.mainly referred to exercise in nature

B.has enriched the previous research to some degree

C.was carried out by the University of Michigan

D.found exposure to greenery helped cure mental problems

（4）n which section of a newspaper may this passage appear?

A.Entertainment

B.Business World

C.Tech &Science

D.Environment

【答案】（1）D

（2）A

（3）B

（4）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一项新的研究成果---多看绿色植物和吃垃圾食品这两者看似风马牛不相及，可研究结构却表明它们之间存在着一种奇妙的关系：多看绿色植物能帮助人们克制吃垃圾食品的欲望。

（1）考查段落大意。根据第二段中的“Researchers …surveyed 149 respondents aged 21 o 65 about the proportion of green space in their neighborhood…”研究人员调查了年龄在21~65岁之间的149名参与者小区内的绿植比例……；以及“The study also asked questions about experiences with depression and anxiety…”研究中还问了与抑郁及焦虑有关的问题……等可知，第二段主要介绍了新研究的调查内容，故选D。

（2）考查词义猜测。根据常识可知，在大自然中散步对人体有各种各样的好处，再结合句中出现的“relieving other mood disorders(缓解其他情绪紊乱)”不难推断出，combatting depression应表示“减轻抑郁”。故选A。

（3）考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的“…adds a new dimension(方面) to the previous research”为以前的研究增加了新的方面，可知，新的研究在某种程度上丰富了之前的研究成果。故选B。

（4）考查推理判断。纵观全文可知，本文介绍了一项科学研究的研究成果，所以该文章

最有可能出现在“技术与科学”版块。故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和段落大意四个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

10．阅读理解

America is well known for being a melting pot of different ethnic groups and cultures, but nowhere is this diversity more pronounced than in Queens, New York.

Here, second-generation Puerto Ricans live alongside third-generation Greeks and first-generation Koreans, all united by a common feeling of pride in their American identity. However, they are also proud and curious about their ancestral roots. National Geographic's Genographic Project, also known as the Human Family Tree, set out to trace the origins by examining their genetic makeup using a simple DNA test. What interested them more was something that intrigues us all: the history of our recent ancestry. One recurring theme among immigrants seems to be the hard work and sacrifices that went into building a new life, and how their descendants now feel a duty to honor that effort by working hard too. Here is one Queens resident's story.

Richard, 38

My great-grandfather Tomas came to America from Poland when he was fifteen. His mother had died, and his father remarried. Tomas didn't like his stepmother, so he ran away to Belgium, where he boarded a ship to America—without a ticket. Arriving in America with nothing, he got a job on the railroads in California. Then one day he saw an announcement in a newspaper that was read by immigrants. It was from his brother in New York who was also seeking his fortune in America and was looking for him. Tomas got in touch and they had an emotional reunion in New York, where Tomas subsequently settled. This is the story that my grandmother has passed down to us, to my parents, and all my aunts and uncles. She is an amazing woman and I suppose: the one who holds us all together. She's actually quite forgetful now, but she never forgets family details. What that has meant is that all of us have a strong family bond and a strong sense of belonging to a group that has struggled and fought together to steered here.

（1）What is special about Queens?

A. Conflicting ethnic minorities live here.

B. Many foreigners like to travel to this place.

C. The pronunciation varies from person to person.

D. Many different people and cultures are gathering here.

（2）What does the "one recurring theme" in paragraph 2 refer to?

A. A sad experience.

B. A common subject.

C. An unknown topic.

D. An unusual quality.

（3）Which of the following can best describe Tomas?

A. Brave and independent.

B. Tough and honest.

C. Talented and persistent.

D. Kind and hard-working.

（4）What can we know about the immigrants from the text?

A. They are ashamed of their roots.

B. They feel attached to their family.

C. They can't fit in with the new surroundings.

D. They are less interested in recent generations.

【答案】（1）D

（2）B

（3）A

（4）B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，美国是一个种族和文化的大熔炉，尽管移民在美国生活了几代，但他们仍对自己的祖辈感到骄傲和好奇。祖辈的努力和牺牲让他们有强烈的家庭归属感，也激励着他们更加努力。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“America is well known for being a melting pot of different ethnic groups and cultures, but nowhere is this diversity more pronounced than in Queens, New York.”可知，美国是不同种族和文化的大熔炉，但这种多样性在纽约的皇后区最为明显，即：皇后区汇集了不同种族的人和文化。故选D。

（2）考查词义猜测。根据第二段中的“One recurring theme among immigrants seems to be the hard work and sacrifices that went into building a new life, and how their descendants now feel a duty to honor that effort by working hard too.”移民中……似乎是为了建立新生活他们所付出的努力和牺牲，以及他们的后代应该感到有责任通过努力工作来纪念他们的努力。联系上下文，可知这是很多移民谈到的话题，故推测划线部分的意思是“一个共同的主题” 。故选B。

（3）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“so he ran away t o Belgium, where he boarded a ship to America—without a ticket. Arriving in America with nothing, he got a job on the railroads in California.”可知Tomas没有买票一个人坐上了到美国的轮船，到了美国后身无分文在火车站找了一份工作，这些体现了Tomas的勇敢和独立。故选A。

（4）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“What interested them more wa s something that intrigues us all: the history of our recent ancestry.”和最后一段中的“She's actually quite forgetful now, but she never forgets family details. What that has meant is that all of us have a strong family bond and a strong sense of belonging to a group that has struggled and fought together to steered here.”可知美国移民对他们祖辈的历史更感兴趣；Richard的祖母忘不了家庭细节意味着他们有强烈的家庭纽带和归属感，即这些移民看重家庭以及对家庭的依恋。故选B。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇人生感悟类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

高考英语阅读理解训练50篇

阅读理解训练50篇（1） 1 Doctors say anger can be an extremely damaging emotion, unless you learn how to deal with it. They warn that anger can lead to heart disease, stomach problems, headaches, emotional problems and possibly cancer. Anger is a normal emotion that we all feel from time to time. Some people express anger openly in a calm reasonable way. Others burst with anger, and scream and yell.But other people keep their anger inside. They can not or will not express it. This is called repressing anger. For years many doctors thought that repressing anger was more dangerous to a person's health than expressing it. They said that when a person is angry, the brain releases the same hor- mones (荷尔蒙).They speed the heart rate, raise blood pressure, or sugar into the blood, etC．In general the person feels excited and ready to act. Some doctors say that both repressing and expressing anger can be dangerous. They believe that those who express anger violently may be more likely to develop heart disease, and they believe that those who keep their anger inside may face a greater danger of high blood pressure. Doctors say the solution is learning how to deal with anger. They say the first step is to admit that you are angry and to recognize the real cause of the anger, then decide if the cause is serious enough to get angry about. If it is, they say, “Do not express your anger while angry. Wait until your anger has cooled down and you are able to express yourself calmly and reasonably.” Doctors say that a good way to deal with anger is to find humor in the situation that has made you angry. They said that laughter is much healthier than anger. 1．“Damaging emotion” means t hat _________. A．the emotion is harmless B．the emotion is harmful C．the feeling is very strong D．the feeling is hard 2．What statement is right? A．Were you angry, you would be cancered (得癌症). B．Once you are angry, you must be cancered. C．Angry as you are often, you can't be cancered, D．Anger may cause you a cancer. 3．Expressing anger violently _________ repressing it according to some scientists. A．is just the same as B．is more harmful than C．is no better than D．is much better than 4．According to the author, you'd better _________. A．never be angry B．cool it down before you express it C．laugh and laugh when you get angry D．admit you are wrong when you are angry 二

高考英语阅读理解专项训练100篇(附答案)

高考英语阅读理解专项训练100篇 (名师传授解题技巧+实战练习，值得下载) 一、阅读理解解题技巧 阅读理解题是考查学生对活的语言材料的理解能力，即通过阅读材料获得信息的能力。具体说来，阅读理解能力测试的主要要求是：（1）掌握所读材料的主旨大意，以及用以说明主旨大意的事实和细节；（2）既理解具体事实，也理解抽象的概念；（3）既理解字面意思，也理解深层含义，包括作者的态度、意图等；（4）既理解某句、某段的意义，也理解全篇的逻辑关系，并能根据文章进行推理和判断；（5）既能根据材料所提供的信息去理解，也能结合中学生应有的常识去理解。根据这几项能力测试的要求，试题中常采用如下几种题型：事实询问题、推理判断题、数据推算题、识图解意题和主旨大意题。根据这一测试要求和题型设计，答题时可以采取如下解题技巧和对策。 1．首先解题时要充满自信。由于平时有些同学对做阅读理解时存在一种畏惧心理，因此考试做题时心理就难免会产生紧张感，特别是阅读时再遇到几个生词就头脑发胀，从而使自己的思路更加模糊不清。其实这是完全没有必要的，因为阅读中遇到几个生词或几个难以理解的句子是常有的事，也是正常现象。因为按大纲要求，试卷中允许有不超过3%的生词，只要认真分析，仔细阅读，这些生词和句子很可能并不影响你的解题。所以答题之前首先要有必胜的信心。 2．扫读全文，理解全文主旨大意。拿到一篇文章，首先要快速扫读全文，虽为扫读，但不可漫不经心，阅读时也应聚精会神，力求可能多地获取材料信息，只是这次遇到生词和难句先不必去处理，不要因纠缠文中的个别生词和难句而影响了对全文的主旨大意的了解。

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