动词ing形式的用法
动词ing形式的用法
一)Ving形式作定语
分词短语作定语时，放在被修饰的名词之后；单个分词作定语时，放在被修饰的名词之前。例如：
The man standing by the window is our teacher.
Many frightened people rushed out of the burning building.
Ving作定语主要表示动作和用途。
1. 表示动作（主动的、进行的动作）。
a waiting car = the car that is waiting
a sleeping child 熟睡的孩子
The girl standing there is my sister.
站在那儿的女孩是我的姐妹。
[注意]现在分词作定语时，它表示的动作是正在进行或与谓语动词所表示的动作几乎同时发生，如果两个动作有先有后，一般不能用现在分词作定语，而要用定语从句。例如：
The teacher criticized the student who had broken the window. 老师批评了打破窗户的学生。
2. 表示用途：
the waiting room = the room for waiting 候车室
a working method 工作方法
He has a reading room. 他有一个书房。
【比较】
过去分词作定语：
及物动词的过去分词表示被动，不及物动词的过去分词表示动作完成。例如：That is the book written by Lu Xun.
那是鲁迅写的书。
He is a returned student. 他是一个归国的留学生。
不定式作定语：
用不定式作定语，其经常所修饰的名词、代词有：
meeting, reason, time, way, need, right, chance, decision, wish, promise, ability, anxiety, something, anything, nothing, anybody, somebody, thing... 例如：
We have no time to lose.
我们没有时间（可以浪费）了。
That’s the plan to build the factory.
那就是建那座工厂的计划。
(二)Ving形式作宾语补足语
1. 在keep, find, notice, have, feel, hear, see, leave...等动词后常用Ving形式作宾语补足语。
例如：
1) The boss kept the workers working the whole night. 那个老板让工人整夜地工作。
2) We found the old lady lying in bed. 我们发现那老太太躺在床上。
2. 在感官动词：see, hear, look at, notice, observe, feel, find...等及使役动词：have, make, leave, keep, get...等后既可以用不定式也可以用Ving形式作宾语补足语。不定式（不带to）表示过程或动作完成，Ving形式强调进行或当时情景。例如：
I saw the lady crossing the street.
我看见那位妇人在过马路。
We heard her sing two songs.
我们听她唱了两首歌。
(三)Ving形式作主语
Ving形式具有动词和名词的性质，在句中起名词作用，可作主语。
Seeing is believing.眼见为实。
It is no use arguing with him.和他争论没有用。
Ving形式作主语常用于下列句型：
【句型1】
It is + 名词（或形容词） + 动名词
It is + no useno good a waste of timeso nice+ crying there.doing that.
例如：
1) It’s a waste of time waiting here. 在这里等是浪费时间。
2) It’s so nice talking to you. 很高兴和你谈话。
【句型2】
There is no + 动名词例如：
There is no stopping of him. 无法阻拦他。
There was no telling of the difference. 无法加以区别。
【注意】
① Ving形式和不定式都可以作主语，Ving形式作主语表示一般或抽象的多次性行为，不定式作主语往往表示具体的或一次性的动作。例如：Playing with fire is dangerous.（泛指玩火）
To play with fire will be dangerous.（指一具体动作）
但在It is no use / good, not any use / good, useless 等后必须用Ving 形式。
② Ving形式作主语，谓语动词用单数。如：
Forgetting the past means betrayal. 忘记过去就意味着背叛。
（四）Ving形式作表语
Ving形式具有形容词和名词的性质，在句中可作表语。
作表语用的Ving形式有两种：一种用作名词，一种用作形容词。用作名词时，说明主语的内容，就此提问时，用what ；用作形容词时，说明主语的特征，用how进行提问。例如：
Her favourite job is teaching English.→ What is her favourite job?
It is interesting to read such a story. → How is it to read such a story?
(五)Ving形式作宾语
Ving形式具有动词和名词的性质，在句中起名词作用，可作宾语。
He is fond of playing football. I like swimming.
他很喜欢足球，我喜欢游泳。
【注意】
①admit, appreciate, avoid, consider, delay, dislike, enjoy, escape, excuse, feel like, finish, forgive, give up, imagine, include, keep, mention, mind, miss, practise, put off, resist, risk, suggest, can’t help, can’t stand等动词后可以用Ving形式作宾语，但不能用不定式。
②forget, go on, like, mean, regret, remember, stop, try等动词可带Ving形式或不定式作宾语，但意义上有区别。试比较：
I remember doing the exercise. 我记得做过练习。
I must remember to do it. 我必须记着做这事。
I tried not to go there. 我设法不去那里。
I tried doing it again. 我试着又干了一次。
Stop speaking. 不要讲话。
He stopped to talk. 他停下来讲话。
I mean to come early today. 我打算今天来早些。
Missing the train means waiting for another hour. 误了这趟火车意味着再等一个小时。
③在allow, advise, forbid, permit 等动词后直接跟动词作宾语时，要用Ving形式，如果后面有名词或代词作宾语，然后在跟动词作宾语补足语时，其宾语补足语用带to的不定式。例如：
We don’t allow smoking here.
We don’t allow students to smoke.
④动词need, require, want作“需要”解，其后跟动词作它的宾语时，必须用Ving形式，或不定式的被动式，这时，Ving形式的主动形式表示被动意义。例如：
The window needs (requires, wants) cleaning (to be cleaned).
⑤在短语devote to, look forward to, stick to, be used to, object to, thank you for, excuse me for, be (kept) busy, be worth, have difficulty / trouble / problem(in), have a good / wonderful / hard time(in),
feel like, get down to等后的动词也必须用Ving形式。例如：
I look forward to hearing from you soon.
⑥在love, hate, prefer等动词后用Ving形式或不定式无大的区别。但说话人有所指的时候，通常用不定式。
⑦start, begin, continue在书面语中多后接动名词，在口语中多后接不定式。
⑧在should (would) like / love等后须用不定式。
【知识拓展】
Ving形式的时态和语态
1. Ving形式的时态
Ving形式的时态分一般式和完成式两种，如果Ving形式的动作没有明确地表示出时间是与谓语动词同时发生或在谓语动词以前发生，用Ving形式的一般式。例如：
His coming will be of great help to us.
如果Ving形式的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前，通常用Ving形式的完成时态。例如：
I’m sorry for not having kept my promise.
2. Ving形式的语态
主语是这个Ving形式所表示的动作的对象时，Ving形式用被动语态。被动语态由“being + 过去分词”或“having been + 过去分词”构成，后一种一般避免使用。例如：
He likes being helped.
He was afraid of being left at home.
▲在to be worth doing 句型中，Ving形式doing表示的是被动意义。例如：
The book is worth reading.
动词的-ing形式是英语中非谓语动词的一种,它在句中可作主语?宾语?表语?定语?状语及补足语?由于这种形式是由动词变化而来的,因此它具有动词的一些特征,即可带自己的宾语和状语,从而构成动词
-ing短语?它有时态和语态的变化,也有否定形式及其复合结构形式?
现以动词do为例,其变化形式如下:
复合结构形式在句中主要作主语和宾语?作宾语时可用代词宾格或名词普通格加上动词的-ing形式?
一?动词-ing形式作主语(通常指一个抽象动作)时,它可直接置于主语位置,也
可以用it作形式主语,而把作真正主语的动词-ing形式放在句子的后部?例如:
1. Knowing table manners will help you make a good impression.
2. Having a cellphone also makes us feel safer, since we can call for help in case of an emergency.
3. It’s no use crying over spilt milk.
4. His coming made us very happy. (复合结构作主语)
二?动词-ing形式作宾语?例如:
1. Having good table manners means knowing how to use knives and forks, when to drink a toast and how to behave at the table.
2. Do you prefer living in the zoo or living in the jungle?
3. I really can’t understand you treating her like that.
[注意] 1. 下列动词后面通常要用动词-ing形式作宾语?
enjoy, finish, stop, mind, suggest, practise, excuse(原
谅),appreciate, keep, risk(冒险), consider, admit, miss(错过), imagine, avoid(避免), delay(推迟) resist, cannot help等?
2. 在need, want, require, be worth 等动词(短语)后面常用动词
-ing的主动形式表示被动意义?例如:
The flowers want watering.
三?动词-ing形式作表语(常指主语的内容?状态或性质等)?例如: My interests are reading novels, playing football and singing songs.
The film was so moving that we saw it twice.
四?动词-ing形式作定语?
单个的动词-ing形式作定语时,常置于所修饰的名词前面;动词
-ing短语作定语时则常置于被修饰的词后面?例如:
1. English is the working language of most international organizations, international trade and tourism.
2. The building being built now will be our library.
五?动词-ing形式作状语?
动词-ing形式作状语时,可以表示时间?原因?伴随状况?条件?结果等?例
如:
1. Hearing the good news, he jumped with great joy. (时间)
2. Seeing nobody at home, he decided to leave them a note. (原因)
3. The next moment the first wave swept her down, swallowing the garden. (伴随状况)
4. In Sydney the Chinese team got 28 gold medals, ranking third of all the competing countries. (结果)
注意: 1. 动词-ing形式(短语)作状语时的几个特性?
①时间性?如果动词-ing形式所表示的动作与谓语动词所表示的动作同时
发生,则用一般式;如果动词-ing形式所表示的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作
之前则使用完成式?
②语态性?应考虑动词-ing形式与句子主语之间的关系是主谓关系还是动
宾关系,据此来确定语态?
③人称的一致性?动词-ing形式的逻辑主语应和句子的主语一致?
2. 动词-ing形式前可以加when, while, though等从属连词,这可以视为
状语从句的省略?例如:
When drinking to someone’s health, you raise your glasses, but the glasses should not be touched.
While visiting the city, they received a warm welcome.
六?动词-ing形式作补足语?例如:
1. He found the wall being painted.
2. With so many people communicating in English every day, it will become more and more important to have a good knowledge of English.
通常,宾语补足语与宾语之间有着逻辑上的主谓关系,动词-ing形式作宾语
补足语往往表示其动作在延续或进行中,用动词-ing作宾语补足语的常见的动
词有: have, get, send, leave等使役动词; see, hear, watch, observe, notice, catch, find, listen to,look at等感官动词?当这些动词用于被动语态时,作
宾语补足语的动词-ing形式就相应变成了主语补足语?
巩固性练习:
1. ______ his exercise book, he was scolded(批评) by the teacher.
A. Not having handed in
B. Having not handed in
C. Not handing in
D. Handing not in
2. It was______to see all the students______silently in the classroom.
A. surprising; sitting
B. surprised; seating
C. surprising; seat
D. surprised; sitting
3. China became the 143rd member of the WTO on Decomber
11,2001,thus______its 15-year wish to join the global trade body.
A. realized
B. to realize
C. having realized
D. realizing
4. While watching television,______ .
A. the doorbell rang
B. the doorbell rings
C. we heard the doorbell ring
D. we heard the doorbell rings
5. “You can’t catch me!” John shouted,______away.
A. run
B. running
C. to run
D. ran
6. The picture______on the wall is painted by my nephew.
A. having hung
B. hanging
C. hangs
D. being hung
7.______from heart trouble for years, Professor White has to take some medicine with him whenever he goes.
A. Suffered
B. Suffering
C. Having suffered
D. Being suffered
8. The______boy was last seen______near the East Lake.
A. missing; playing
B. missing; play
C. missed; played
D. missed; to play
9. Ann never dreams of______for her to be sent abroad very soon.
A. being a chance
B. there being a chance
C. that she will have a chance
D. there to be a chance
10. While shopping, people sometimes can’t help______into buying something they don’t really need.
A. to persuade
B. persuading
C. being persuaded
D. be persuaded
11. —Henry doesn’t seem to be what he was.
—No.______so much in the war has made him more thoughtful.
A. Seen
B. His seeing
C. Having seen
D. To have seen
12. —Were you busy last weekend?
—Very. Rather than______time playing cards as usual, I devoted every effort to______an advertisement.
A. wasting; making
B. waste; make
C. to waste; make
D. a waste of; making
答案: 1---6 AADCBB 6---12 CABCBA
动词ing形式的用法及变化规则
动词ing形式的用法及变化规则 一．动词ing形式的用法 1.正在进行时中,谓语动词后加ing. 如:I'm playing football. 2.一些特殊表达..如: be good at doing sth enjoy doing sth. be busy doing feel like doing thank you for doing do some cooking/cleaning/reading/shopping/washing go swimming/fishing/shopping/skating/boating 二．动词现在分词由动词原形在词尾加ing构成，其规则如下： 1）一般情况下直接加ing think---thinking sleep---sleeping study---studying speak---speaking carry---carrying say---saying 2）以不发音的字母e结尾的单词，去掉字母e，再加ing wake---waking make---making come---coming take---taking leave---leaving have---having 3）以重读闭音节结尾，呈现“辅，元，辅”结构的动词，先双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing 。初中学过的这类词有：begin，cut, get, hit, run, set, sit, spit, stop, swim, beg, drop, fit, nod, dig, forget, regret, rid, 等。 (visit 不是以重读闭音节结尾，不用双写) travel虽然重读第一音节，词尾音节不重读，但是现在分词仍要双写末尾辅音字母，然后再加ing ，如：travel---travelling.初中阶段此类词只有这一个。4）以 y 结尾的动词直接加 ing carry—— carrying enjoy—— enjoying 5）以ie结尾的动词，把ie改为y ，再加ing
动词ing形式的用法
动词ing形式的用法 一)Ving形式作定语 分词短语作定语时，放在被修饰的名词之后；单个分词作定语时，放在被修饰的名词之前。例如： The man standing by the window is our teacher. Many frightened people rushed out of the burning building. Ving作定语主要表示动作和用途。 1. 表示动作（主动的、进行的动作）。 a waiting car = the car that is waiting a sleeping child 熟睡的孩子 The girl standing there is my sister. 站在那儿的女孩是我的姐妹。 [注意]现在分词作定语时，它表示的动作是正在进行或与谓语动词所表示的动作几乎同时发生，如果两个动作有先有后，一般不能用现在分词作定语，而要用定语从句。例如： The teacher criticized the student who had broken the window. 老师批评了打破窗户的学生。 2. 表示用途： the waiting room = the room for waiting 候车室 a working method 工作方法 He has a reading room. 他有一个书房。 【比较】 过去分词作定语： 及物动词的过去分词表示被动，不及物动词的过去分词表示动作完成。例如： That is the book written by Lu Xun. 那是鲁迅写的书。 He is a returned student. 他是一个归国的留学生。 不定式作定语： 用不定式作定语，其经常所修饰的名词、代词有：
初中英语动词ing-用法小结
初中英语动词ing用法小结 [导读]动词finish,mind,enjoy,practise,keep等后接动词，要用动名词形式作宾语。 在英语教学中，我发现考 动词-ing形式的题目很多。根据多年教学经验，现在把初中阶 段-i n g 的情况总：一、一些动词后要接动名词作宾语 1.Everyoneenjoys____(watch)TVintheevening. 2.Pleasefinish____(draw)thepictureafterschool. 3.Thestudentspractise____(read)Englisheverymorning. 【解析】动词finish,mind,enjoy,practise,keep,miss,hate,consider,continue, Imagine,suggest,advise等后接动词，要用动名词形式作宾语。答案是：watching；drawing；reading. 二、一些介词后面要加动名词作宾语 1.Heisgoodat____(write). 2.Wearelookingforwardto____(see)you. 3.Theyareinterestedin____(listen)tomusic. 4.Youcandrinkalotofwaterwithout____(get)fat. 【解析】介词后跟动词，要用动名词形式作其宾语。如下列结构中的介词：thanksfor doingsth,thinkaboutdoing,begoodatdoingsth,dowellindoingsth,succeedin doing,How/Whataboutdoingsth?,insteadofdoingsth,keepsbfromdoingsth,stopsb fromdoingsth,lookforwardtodoingsth,beusedto（习惯于 ）doingsth,devotetodoing sth,payattentiontodoing,preferdoingtodoing,makeacontribution(贡献 )todoingsth 答案是：writing;seeing;listening;getting. 三、一些固定结构要加动词的ing形式 1.Hespendshalfanhour____(do)hishomeworkeveryday. 2.Theyarebusy____(prepare)forthecomingtest. 3.Wehaveagreattime____(talk)toeachtimeatlunchtime. 【解析】在一些固定结构中要求使用动词-ing形式。 如：havesomeproblems(difficulty,trouble)doingsth,spend?doingsth,bebusy doing,havefundoingsth,haveagreattimedoingsth,,preventsbfromdoingsth,feel likedoing,giveupdoing,findsbdoing,can’thelpdoing,putoffdoing,keepondoing,be
动词ing形式的用法及变化规则04612
动词ing形式的用法及变化规则 一?口诀：now look listen be,动词要加ing,加了ing,不要忘了be。 二.动词现在分词由动词原形在词尾加ing构成，其规则如下： 1)—般情况下宜接加ing think…thinking sleep…sleeping study…studying speak—speaking carr\T—carrying say■一saying 2)以不发音的字母e结尾的单词，去掉字母e,再加ing wake■一waking make一-making come—coming take―taking leave—leaving have■一having 3)以重读闭音节结尾，呈现“辅音，元音(aeiou),辅音”结构的动词，先双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing。 这类f司有：shop, begin, cut, put, get, hit, run, set, sit, spit, stop, swim, bug, drop, fit, nod, dig, forget, regret, rid,等。
Visit不是以重读闭音节结尾，不用双写) travel虽然重读第一音节，词尾音节不重读，但是现在分词仍要双写末尾辅音字母，然后再加ing ,女口：travel—travelling.初中阶段此类词只有这一个。 4)以ie结尾的动词,把ie改为y ,再加ing 女口：die---dying lie---lying 一.写出下列动词的现在分词形式 work ____________ visil ___________ play ___________ study _________ dance ________ h ave ______ ___ travel __________ take __________ drop ___________ sin ___________ shop _________ swim __________ lie ___________ 二.选择题练习 1 ? Who _______________ over there now? A. singing B. arc sing C? is singing D. sing 2. It" s eight <)' clock. The students _________ an En^jish class? A. have E. C? is having D? arc having 3? Listen! The baby _____ in the next room? A. crying E? cried C? is crying D? cries 4.Look! The twins ______ new sweaters?
初中英语动词ing-用法小结复习课程
[导读] 动词finish, mind, enjoy, practise, keep等后接动词，要用动名词形式作宾语。 在英语教学中，我发现考动词-ing 形式的题目很多。根据多年教学经验，现在把初中阶段容易考-ing的情况总结如下： 一、一些动词后要接动名词作宾语 1. Everyone enjoys____(watch) TV in the evening. 2. Please finish____(draw)the picture after school. 3. The students practise____(read) English every morning. 【解析】动词finish, mind, enjoy, practise, keep, miss, hate, consider, continue , Imagine, suggest, advise等后接动词，要用动名词形式作宾语。答案是：watching；drawing；reading. 二、一些介词后面要加动名词作宾语 1. He is good at ____(write). 2. We are looking forward to____(see)you. 3. They are interested in____(listen)to music. 4. You can drink a lot of water without____(get) fat. 【解析】介词后跟动词，要用动名词形式作其宾语。如下列结构中的介词：thanks for doing sth, think about doing, be good at doing sth, do well in doing sth, succeed in doing , How/What about doing sth?, instead of doing sth, keep sb from doing sth, stop sb from doing sth, look forward to doing sth, be used to（习惯于）doing sth, devote to doing sth, pay attention to doing, prefer doing to doing, make a contribution (贡献)to doing sth 答案是：writing; seeing; listening;getting. 三、一些固定结构要加动词的ing形式 1. He spends half an hour____(do)his homework every day. 2. They are busy____(prepare)for the coming test. 3. We have a great time____(talk)to each time at lunchtime. 【解析】在一些固定结构中要求使用动词-ing形式。
动词-ing形式小结
动词-ing形式小结 动词-ing形式概述 v.-ing 形式包括传统语法的现在分词和动名词两部分，像动词不定式一样，它既具有动词时态和语态的特征，又具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，它可以在句中作主语、表语、定语、宾语、状语、宾语补足语、主语补足语等。 动词-ing形式的时态、语态 主动语态被动语态 一般式 writing being written 完成式 having written having been written 否定式 not writing v.-ing形式的一般式 V.-ing形式的一般式的构成，表示动作发生在谓语动词动作的同时、之前或之后。 用来泛指动作，没有时间的区分。 Seeking after knowledge is human nature． 求知是人的本性。 Travelling abroad can widen one’s outlook． 出国旅游会扩大人们的视野。 Eating too much chocolate is bad for your teeth． 吃太多的巧克力对你的牙齿有害。 My favourite sport is playing table tennis． 我最喜欢的运动是打乒乓球。 行为与主要动作同时发生，表示伴随。 The students came into the classroom laughing and talking． 学生们又说又笑地走进了教室。 As she saw me，she came over smiling． 她看到我时，笑容可掬地走过来。 Doing the washing up，Connie was planning her holiday． 康妮在洗碗的时刻盘算着怎样度假。 行为在主要动作之前或之后。 Antonio remembered sending his mother an email three times last month． 安东尼记得上个月给他母亲发了三次电子邮件．(在前) Mr. Lee went out shutting the door behind him． 李先生出去后将门随手关上。(在后) v.-ing形式的完成式 v.-ing形式的完成式由“having + v.-ed 形式”构成，表示动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前。 Having finished his homework，he went to bed． 做完了作业，他去睡觉了。(先“做作业”，后“去睡觉”) He doesn’t remember having promised me that． 他忘记了曾经答应过我那件事。 She regretted having missed the film． 她很后悔没看这部电影。 I remember having heard you speak on that subject． 我记得曾经听见你谈过这个问题。 I could not recall having heard anyone say that before。 我不记得以前听过谁说这样的话。
动词-ing形式的用法
V-ing形式的用法 动词-ing形式作表语、定语和宾语补足语 【知识点拨】 一、动词-ing形式作表语 动词-ing形式可用在系动词后面作表语，说明主语的性质或情况，多表示一般性的或抽象的行为。例如： The news that our school won the game was exciting. 注意：动词-ing形式作表语与进行时态的区 别：进行时态表示主语正在做什么，而动词-ing形式作表语只是说明主语的特性或情况。试比较： Mike is listening to music. 迈克正在听音乐。(当前正在进行的动作) Mike’s favorite hobby is listening to music. 迈克最大的爱好是听音乐。(说明主语的情况) 二、动词-ing形式作定语 动词-ing形式作定语有两种用法，即： 1.表示所修饰名词的用途或功能，意为“供……用的”。 例如： a reading room, a swimming pool, a singing competition, drinking water等。 2.表示主动和正在进行，相当于一个定语从句。 例如：falling leaves (=leaves that are falling), the rising sun (=the sun that is rising)。单个的动词-ing形式作定语通常放在所修饰的名词之前，而短语则一般被放在所修饰的名词之后。 例如：exciting news, the students talking about the problem。 三、动词-ing形式作宾语补足语 动词-ing形式作宾语补足语，即用来补充说明宾语的动作或情况。常用的跟动词-ing形式作宾补的动词有： 1. 表示感觉和心理状态的动词。常见的有 see, watch, hear, feel, smell, find, notice, observe, catch等。例如：I could feel my heart beating wildly. 2. 使役动词。常见的有have, set, keep, get, leave等。例如： They had the light burning all night. 【巩固练习】 I. 单项填空。 1. When she got home, she found her little son ________ on the ground, crying. A. lies B. lay C. lying D. laying 2. The patient ________ by the doctor is Li Ming’s mother. A. to examine B. examining C. is examined D. being examined
初中英语动词ing用法小结
［导读］动词finish, mind, enjoy, practise, keep 等后接动词，要用动名词形式作宾语。 在英语教学中，我发现考动词-ing形式的题目很多。根据多年教学经验，现在把初中 阶段容易考-ing的情况总结如下： 一、一些动词后要接动名词作宾语 1. Everyone enjoys __ (watch) TV in the evening. 2. Please finish ___ (draw)the picture after school. 3. The stude nts practise __ (read) En glish every morning. 【解析】动词finish, mind, enjoy, practise, keep, miss, hate, consider, continue , Imagine, suggest, advise 等后接动词，要用动名词形式作宾语。答案是：watching ；drawing ；reading. 二、一些介词后面要加动名词作宾语 1. He is good at ___ (write). 2. We are look ing forward to _ (see)you. 3. They are in terested in _ (liste n)to music. 4. You can drink a lot of water without __ (get) fat. 【解析】介词后跟动词，要用动名词形式作其宾语。如下列结构中的介词：tha nks for doing sth, think about doing, be good at doing sth, do well in doing sth, succeed in doing , How/What about doing sth?, in stead of doing sth, keep sb from doing sth, stop sb from doing sth, look forward to doing sth, be used to (习惯于)doing sth, devote to doing sth, pay attention to doing, prefer doing to doing, make a contribution (贡献)to doing sth 答案是：writing; seeing; listening;getting. 三、一些固定结构要加动词的ing形式 1. He spe nds half an hour __ (do)his homework every day. 2. They are busy (prepare)for the coming test.
动词ing的用法
1、-ing分词的构成 -ing分词是由动词原形加词尾-ing构成。-ing分词同样有时态和语态的变化，通常有下表几种形式（以do为例）： 一般式完成式 主动形式 doing 主动形式 having done 被动形式 being done 被动形式 having been done -ing分词的否定形式是由not 加-ing分词构成。如： Not knowing his address, I could do nothing but stay at home and wait. 不知道他的地址，我只好在家里等着。 His not coming made all of us angry. 他没来使我们大家都很生气。 2. -ing分词的一般式和完成式： -ing分词的一般式表示和谓语动词所表示的动作同时进行的动作；完成式表示在谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生的动作。如： Being a student, he was interested in books. 作为一个学生，他对书本很感兴趣。 Not having studied his lessons very hard, he failed the examinations. 因为没有努力学习功课，他考试不及格。 3. -ing分词的被动式： -ing分词的被动式表示它的逻辑主语是-ing分词动作的承受者。根据-ing分词动作发生的时间，-ing分词的被动式有一般被动式(being done)和完成被动式(having been done)。如： The question being discussed is very important. 正在被讨论的问题很重要。 Having been criticized by the teacher, he gave up smoking. 被老师批评以后，他把烟戒了。 注意：在need, want, require, be worth等动词(短语)后，作宾语的-ing分词常用主动形式来表示被动含义。如： Your shoes need cleaning. = Your shoes need to be cleaned. 你的鞋需要清洗一下了。
动词ing形式的用法
动词ing形式的用法 动词的-ing形式是动词的一种非谓语形式，由动词原形加-ing构成，包括-ing分词和-ing 动名词。可以在句子中用作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补语、状语和定语。 1.一般形式 Seeing is believing. 眼见为信。 Coming to Hangzhou by train takes about 16 hours. 乘火车到杭州要16个小时。 2.通常为了避免句子主语过于冗长，用it作形式主语。如： It‘s nice talking wi th you. 和你谈话很高兴。 It‘s no use arguing with him. 跟他争论没用。 3.“There + be + no + -ing”结构，此结构的意义相当于“It‘s impossible + 不定式”。如： There is no harm in doing so. 这样做没有害处。 作表语 动词-ing可用来作表语。如： This food smells inviting. 这种食物香味怡人。 My favorite sport is swimming. 我最喜欢的运动是游泳。 Their job is cleaning the window. 他们的工作是打扫窗子。 作宾语 1.动词-ing形式可以用作动词、短语动词和介词的宾语。 I warned her against driving fast. Jim dislikes eating chocolate. 2.有些动词和动词短语后接作宾语的非限定性动词时只能是-ing分词，常见的这类动词有：admit，acknowledge，advise，appreciate，avoid，delay，deny，dislike，enjoy，excuse，escape，
动词-ing形式的用法
动词-ing形式的句法功能 一、做主语; e.g. Reading good books makes us
动词ing形式的用法
一．动词ing形式的用法 二．动词原形在词尾加ing构成，其规则如下： 1）一般情况下直接加ing think---thinking sleep---sleeping study---studying speak---speaking carry---carrying say---saying 2）以不发音的字母e结尾的单词，去掉字母e，再加ing wake---waking make---making come---coming take---taking leave---leaving have---having 3）以重读闭音节结尾，呈现“辅，元，辅”结构的动词，先双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing 。 学过的这类词有：begin，cut, get, hit, run, set, sit, spit, stop, swim, beg, drop, fit, nod, dig, forget, regret, rid, 等。visit 不是以重读闭音节结尾，不用双写.travel虽然重读第一音节，词尾音节不重读，但是现在分词仍要双写末尾辅音字母，然后再加ing ，如：travel---travelling.初中阶段此类词只有这一个。 4）以y 结尾的动词直接加ing carry——carrying enjoy——enjoying 5）以ie结尾的动词，把ie改为y ，再加ing die---dying lie---lying 一.写出下列动词的现在分词形式 work___________ visit__________ play__________ study__________dance__________ have__________ travel__________ take__________drop__________ sing __________ shop__________ swim__________ lie__________
英语动词后加-ing的规则
英语动词后加－ing的规则 1．英语动词加-ing，通常是在原形词尾直接加-ing构成climb—climbing，stand—standing，fight—fighting 2．以-e结尾的动词，一般应去掉e再加ing （1）如果动词原形以一辅音加一不发音的-e结尾，一般应去掉e再加ing： write—writing，hope—hoping，care—caring，stare—staring，plane—planing，have—having，save—saving，produce—producing， breathe—breathing （2）以-ie结尾的动词应先将e去掉，将i变成y然后再加-ing：die—dying，tie—tying，vie—vying，lie—lying （3）以-ee，－oe，－ye结尾的动词加-ing时应保留词尾e：see—seeing，flee—fleeing，free—freeing，agree—agreeing，hoe—hoeing， dye—dyeing，eye—eyeing （4）以-ue结尾的动词大多应先去e再加-ing： sue—suing，imbue—imbuing，construe—construing， pursue—pursuing，rue—ruing
有时，词尾e可去掉也可保留： glue—gluing或 glueing，cue—cuing或 cueing， blue—blueing或 bluing， true—truing或trueing，clue—clueing或cluing 3．以一元音加一辅音结尾的动词 （1）如果动词最后一音节为重读闭音节，最后一个字母需要重复： r un—ru nn ing， st op—sto pp ing， h op—ho pp ing，plan—planning，star—starring， control—controlling 但辅音x是个例外，无需重复（x其实起着两个辅音的作用）： tax—taxing，relax—relaxing （2）如果动词最后一个音节为次重读音节，最后一个字母有时也重复： kidnap—kidnapping或kidnaping，program—programming或programing （3）如果动词最后一个音节为非重读音节，最后一个字母大多无需重复：
动词-ing形式用法归纳
高三复习学案 学习目标： 1. 复习并掌握动词ing形式的构成以及ing形式的用法; 2. 能基本弄清Ing形式和过去分词以及不定式的用法。 一：动词ing形式的构成规律有哪些?各举一个例子说明. 例如：1. 在动词后直接加ing , walk→walking 二.动词－ing形式用法归纳 1. 动词ing形式的构成，填下面的表格 分词的否定形式： 三．Ing形式用法探究 探究1：Ing形式的句法功能 动词的-ing形式，可以在句子中作主语﹑宾语和表语﹑定语和补足语； 动词ing形式还可以在句子中做状语：1) 时间状语2). 结果状语3). 伴随状语，方式状语或补充说明4). 原因状语5）作让步状语6) 作条件状语 说出下列句子中ing形式在句中做什么成分 1.Being exposed to sunlight for too much time will do harm to one’s skin . 2.Being more careful, you can make fewer mistakes . 3. Knowing all this , they made me pay for the damage . 4. I heard someone knocking at the door. 5. While walking slowly on the street, Tom met one of his old friends. 6. Her husband died ten years ago, leaving her with three children to look after. 7. I stood by the door ,not daring to say a word . 8. The bridge being built is designed by his uncle . 9. Not knowing her address, I can’t write to her. 注意：分词与主句主语是主谓关系；否定副词放在分词之前
动词 ing 形式用法归纳
动词ing 形式用法归纳： ing 形式：动词的-ing形式也是一种非谓语动词。-ing形式仍保留有动词的特征，可以带有其所需要的宾语或状语而构成-ing短语。 1．-ing的形式：-ing有一般式和完成式。及物动词还有主动语态和被动语态，而不及物动词的-ing则没有被动语态。现在以及物动词make和不及物动 (1)作主语：Seeing is believing.百闻不如一见。Talking is easier than doing. –ing作主语时，如果其结构较长，可以用it作形式主语，而将作主语的-ing后置。如：It isn’t much good writing to them again. It’s no use waiting here. (2)作表语：Her job is washing and cooking. My hobby is collecting stamps. (3)作宾语：○1作及物动词的宾语。She likes drawing very much. ; ○2作某些动词短语的宾语。Mary is thinking of going back to New York. ; ○3do +限定词（my, some, any, the等）+ -ing , 表示“做……事”之意。如：We often do our cleaning on Saturday afternoon. Will you do any shopping this afternoon? ○4作介词的宾语：Her sister is good at learning physics. ○5作形容词（be）worth / busy等的宾语：This book is well worth reading. ○6–ing作宾语带有宾语补足语时，要用it作为形式宾语，而将作宾语的-ing后置，如：We found it no good talking like that. Do you think it necessary trying again? (4)作定语：The sleeping child is only five years old. Do you know the man standing at the gate? 注：-ing形式作定语用时，如果-ing只是一个单词，就位于其修饰的名词之前，如果是-ing短语，就位于其修饰的名词之后。-ing作定语时，被-ing修饰的名词就是该-ing的逻辑主语。另外，-ing作定语用时，其动作和句子谓语动词所表示的动作是同时进行的，如果不是同时进行的，就不能用-ing作定语，要使用定语从句，如：The girl who wrote a letter there yesterday can speak English very well. (5)作宾语补足语：We can see steam rising from the wet clothes. 注：当-ing在复合宾语中作宾语补足语用时，句中宾语就是这个-ing的逻辑主语，可以
动词ing形式的用法及变化规则
动词ing形式的用法及变化规则 一．口诀：now look listen be，动词要加ing，加了ing，不要忘了be。 二．动词现在分词由动词原形在词尾加ing构成，其规则如下： 1）一般情况下直接加ing think---thinking sleep---sleeping study---studying speak---speaking carry---carrying say---saying 2）以不发音的字母e结尾的单词，去掉字母e，再加ing wake---waking make---making come---coming take---taking leave---leaving have---having 3）以重读闭音节结尾，呈现“辅音，元音（a e i o u），辅音”结构的动词，先双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing 。 这类词有：shop，begin，cut, put, get, hit, run, set, sit, spit, stop, swim, beg, drop, fit, nod, dig, forget, regret, rid, 等。 (visit 不是以重读闭音节结尾，不用双写) travel虽然重读第一音节，词尾音节不重读，但是现在分词仍要双写末尾辅音字母，然后再加ing ，如：travel---travelling.初中阶段此类词只有这一个。 4）以ie结尾的动词，把ie改为y ，再加ing 如：die---dying lie---lying
一. 写出下列动词的现在分词形式 work___________ visit__________ play__________ study________dance_______ have__________ travel_________take__________ drop__________ sing__________ shop________ swim_________ lie__________ 二．选择题练习 1. Who ______________ over there now? A. singing B. are sing C. is singing D. sing 2. It’s eight o’clock. The students _____ an English class. A. have B. having C. is having D. are having 3. Listen! The baby _____ in the next room. A. crying B. cried C. is crying D. cries 4. Look! The twins _____ new sweaters. A. are wearing B. wearing C. are wear D. is wearing 5. Don’t talk here. Grandparents _____. A. is sleeping B. are sleeping C. sleeping D. sleep 三. 填空： 1. Miss Li _______ (like) sleeping in the day. 2. Listen! Who ________ (talk) with your parents 3. The girl ________ ( not dance ) on Wednesday. She dances on Friday. 4. He wants ________ (be) a teacher. 5. Everyone _________(say) she is a good shop assistant. 6. Can she _________ (sing) in English 7. They like ________ (read) under the tree. Look! They ________ (sit) there to read. 8. Let's ________ (eat) lunch together(一起). 9. Look! A cat ________ (run) up the tree. 10. It's 6:30. My brother ________ (see) a movie. 11. Sam ________ (go) to school at 7:00 every day. 12. Peggy is ________ (clean) the bedroom now. She is a good girl. 13. --- Where ________ Mr. Green ________ (live) --- He ________ in London. 14. --- ________ you ________ (clean) your bedroom --- No, I'm not. I'm cleaning the living room. 15. --- ________ Nancy ________ (talk) on the phone --- No, she isn't. She ________ (eat) lunch now.