Unit 4 Wildlife protection

Unit 4 Wildlife protection（教师版）

Section ⅠWarming up

1. hunt vi.& vt.打猎，猎取，搜寻

例句：He spent the whole day hunting deer.

他一整天都去打鹿了。

I hunted everywhere for my watch but I can’t find it.

我到处找我的手表，就是找不到。

词组：hunt for 搜索，追寻，寻找

hunt sp. for sb. / sth. 搜索某地找某物

hunt down 对…穷追到底，追捕到

2. die out 灭亡；逐渐消失

例句：The custom had died out by the 12th century.

到12世纪这一风俗就已不复存在了。

词组：die of 死于（内部原因）

die from 死于（外部原因）

die for 为了…而死

3. in peace 和平地；和睦地；安详地

例句：I just want to be left in peace.

我只是不想被打扰。

They live together in peace.

他们和睦相处。

相关：in peace (和平地) ≈ peacefully 在句中作状语

in silence 沉默地

in public 公开地

in fear 害怕地

in surprise 惊讶地

in secret 秘密地

4. about 30-40 remain in the wild after being left in peace with no hunting

after being left中after是介词，being left 是动名词的被动形式，being 不能去掉，因为过去分词不能作宾语。

after与before 两个词比较特殊：

（1）它们用作连词引导时间状语从句

例句：I will tell them after you have left.

你离开后我会告诉他们。

It was a long time before I got to sleep.

过了很久我才入睡。

（2）用作介词，后接名词或动名词

例句：After a year and half they met again.

一年半后他们又见面了。

After standing in the queue for hours, we got good seats.

排了几个小时的队后，我们占到了好座位。

I’ll buy a coat before going to see you.

去看你之前，我将买件外衣。

Section Ⅱ Pre-reading, Reading, Comprehending

1.in danger (of) 在危险中；垂危

例句：She was sick and in danger (of losing her life).

她病危（有丧失生命的危险）。

辨析：in danger表示“某人处于危险中”，而dangerous表示“带来危险的”

2.respond vi.回答；响应；做出反应

例句：His illness didn’t respond to treatment by drugs.

他的疾病对药物治疗没有反应。

词组：respond to 对…做出反应

辨析：respond, answer, reply

respond vi.指对他人的期望等作适当的反应，是最正式的用词。

answer vt.指用文字、语言或行动回答，是最普通的用词。

reply vi. 与answer的用法基本相同，但稍正式一些。

例句：No one has yet responded to our complaints. (回复)

I couldn’t answer this question for an instant.（回答）

我一时回答不上来这个问题。

Should I reply to his letter?（回答）

3．mercy n.仁慈；宽恕；怜悯

例句：They were given little mercy for their own cruelty.

他们因为自己的残暴而未得到宽恕。

We were treated with mercy.

我们受到仁慈的待遇。

词组：without mercy 残忍地

4.certain adj. 确定的；某一；一定

例句：You’re certain to win the match.

I’m certain that he’ll succeed.

词组：for certain 肯定地，确切地

make certain 把…弄清楚；确保

be certain to do 一定会做某事

of/about 对…有把握

辨析：certain, sure

certain 既可用人作主语，也可用物作主语，而sure 一般用人作主语。it 作形式主语时，用certain而不用sure.

例句：He is certain to succeed. =It is certain that he will succeed.

I’m sure that I’m right.

辨析：certain, some

certain 表示的是知道是某一个而不明确指出，后接复数名词.

a certain=some, 后接可数名词单数。

例句：You can get cheaper fares on certain days of the year.

A certain Jack called while you were out.

some 表示不知道具体哪一个，不可接复数名词，如接复数名词则表示“一些”而不是“某些”。

例句：Some person called on you yesterday.

5.protect …from(against)…保护…不受…（危害）

例句：He protected his hands from the cold with gloves.

对于较大事情（如火灾等）通常用against；对于较小的事情用from.

6.contain vt. 包含；容纳；容忍

例句：The hall can contain five hundred people.

I was so excited that I couldn’t contain myself.

辨析：contain , include, hold

contain 指某物容纳在比其更大的东西之内。

例句：The basket contains a variety of fruits.

include 指包括作为整体的一部分或要素。

例句：The tour includes a visit to Pairs.

hold 指能装，能盛，能容纳（常与can 连用）

例句：He found a pot which can hold many coins.

7.affect vt.影响；感动；侵袭

例句：Many people were greatly affected by the moving story.

In 2008, the people of Sichuan Province were affected by the earthquake. 词组：be greatly affected 很受感动

be affected by 受…影响

affect sb. to tears 把某人感动得流

8．appreciate vt.鉴赏，感激，意识到

appreciate 后可以接名词或从句，也可接动名词，但不接不定式。

例句：Only after understanding a poem can we appreciate the passage.(接名词)

I really appreciate that you come so early.（接从句）

We appreciate your helping us. (接动名词)

辨析：appreciate表示“感激”时后接事或物，thank后接人。

例句：She appreciated his kindness.(=She thanked him for his kindness.)

9. succeed vi.成功vt.接替，继任

例句：He didn’t succeed in his first experiments.

他的前几次实验都没有成功。

Who succeeded Churchill? (接替)

词组：succeed in (doing)sth. （做）某事成功

have success in doing

be successful in doing 做…成功

make a success 取得成功

拓展：表示“在某方面取得成功”时，要用succeed in, 而表示“在某方面失败了”则用fail to do。

例句：Jack failed to catch the bus.

10. employ vt. 雇用；利用（时间，精力等）

例句：They employed her to look after their baby.

He is employed in teaching. 他从事教学工作。

词组：employ sb. in/on sth. 雇用某人做某事employ sb. to do sth.

employ sb. as … 雇用某人作…

employ sth. to do sth. 利用某物干某事

employ oneself in (=be employed in) 从事于…

11．harm n.& vt. 损害；危害

例句：He meant no harm to anyone. (n.)

The dog won’t harm you. (vt.)

词组：do harm to …对…有害

be harmful to …

SectionⅢ Using Languages

1. bite vt.& vi. 咬；叮；刺痛

Once bitten, twice shy. 一朝被蛇咬，十年怕井绳。

My monkey doesn’t bite.

辨析：bite 咬，咬住，咬下

gnaw （老鼠的）咬，啃

I heard a rat gnawing at the box.

chew 嚼碎（肉等）

Chew your food slowly.

2. inspect vt. 检察；视察

例句：He inspected the car before he bought it.

辨析：inspect指仔细查看是否有不足之处或不标准的地方。

The teacher walked around inspecting their work.

examine 指仔细检查身体、考查能力等。

The doctor examined him thoroughly.

scan 指细看、审视、扫描。

They scanned the sea, looking for a boat.

3. incident n.事件；事变

例句：We will never forget the July 7th incident of 1937.

词组：without incident 平安无事

辨析：incident指偶发的，不太重要的事件；也可指引起国际争端的外交事件或历史事件。

He told me of an incident that took place on his first day at school.

accident指意外的、偶发的恶性事故。

John’s had an accident: he’s been knocked down by a car.

event 强调重大的，引人注目的事件，也指体育赛事。

The new book was the cultural event of the year.

4. ending n. 结局，结尾

例句：The story has a surprising ending.

辨析：end, ending

end 作名词是指时间或动作的末尾、结束。

ending 指故事、小说、电影、戏剧等的结尾、结局。

She likes to read novels with happy endings.

https://www.sodocs.net/doc/2e18059292.html,e into being 形成；产生

例句：The organization came into being in 1998.

用法：come into being 无被动语态，不用进行时态，表达被动意义时常用be brought into being.

6. according to 按照；根据…所说

例句：According to the radio, it will be snowy today.

用法：according to 用来引用出自他人或他处的消息，不能与me和my opinion 等连用。

8.so that 以致于；结果

例句：He spoke louder so that everyone heard him.

用法：so that 既可引导结果状语从句，也可引导目的状语从句. so that 引导目的状语从句时，从句中的谓语动词常和can, could, may, might等情态动词连用，此时与in order that 可通用。

He spoke louder so that everyone could hear him.

辨析：so that, so …that

so that 可以引导结果状语从句，意为“以致于…”，也可引导目的状语从句，意为“以便”，so that 还可意为“因此”。

The bus broke down, so that we had to walk. (因此)

so …that只引导结果状语从句，意为“如此…以致于”

He was so stupid that he believed what Tom said.

★语法

进行时态的被动语态

1.进行时态的被动语态的构成：be+ being+ done

My new house is being decorated.

2.进行时态被动语态的形式：

肯定式：主语+ be+ being+及物动词的过去分词

A bridge is being built over the river.

否定式：主语+ be+ not+ being+及物动词的过去分词

A bridge is not being built over the river.

一般疑问式：Be+主语+being+及物动词的过去分词

Is a bridge being built over the river?

特殊疑问句式：特殊疑问词+be+主语+being+及物动词的过去分词

Where is the bridge being built?

3.进行时的被动语态的用法：

(1)表示现在或过去某时刻正在进行的被动动作。

When I returned, the bike was still being repaired.

(2)表示现阶段正在进行的被动动作，但该动作不一定此时此刻发生。

Several new high roads are being built.

(3)表示一种经常性的被动行为，常与always, constantly等连用，往往带有

夸奖、埋怨、讨厌等感情色彩。

Little Mary is always being praised by her teacher.

(4)可与情态动词连用，表示说话者对正在发生的被动行为的推测。

----Where is Tom?

----He may be being interviewed in the office.

注意：短语动词变为被动结构时，不能遗漏介词或副词。

The baby is being taken good care of.

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