美国文学二期末复习资料
Part I Fill in the blanks:(20 points, 2point for each)
1. The First World War stands as a great dividing line between the nineteenth century and the contemporary American literature.
2. American writers of the first postwar era self-consciously acknowledged that they were a "_Lost Generation" , devoid of faith and alienated from a civilization.
3. The most significant American poem of the twentieth century was The Waste Land.
4. The publication of The Waste Land, written by Thomas Ste?arns Eliot , helped to establish a modern tradition of literature rich with learning and allusive thought.
5. F. Scott Fitzgerald summarized the experiences and attitudes of the 1920s decade in his masterpiece novel The Great Gatsby .
6. The Great Depression of the 1930s greatly weakened the American nation's self-con?fidence.
7. An American woman writer named Gertrude Stein who had lived in Paris since 1903, welcomed the young expatriates to her literary salon, and gave them a name "the Lost Generation".
8. Ezra Pound was the leader of a new movement in poetry which he called the " Imagist " movement.
9. Ezra Pound's major work of poetry is the long poem called The Cantos .
10. Robert Frost' s first book A Boy's Will brought him to the attention of influential critics, such as Ezra Pound, who praised him as an authentic poet.
Part I Multiple choice :( 20points, 1 point for each)
Directions: In this part of the test, there are twenty items. Choose the best answer and write the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.
1. Dreiser’s naturalism and his choice of subject often echo his predecessor, __B____, but his style and method are very different.
A. Mark Twain
B. Stephen Crane
C. Henry James
D. Emerson
2. Sister Carrie written by ___B___ is considered as one of the representative naturalistic novel in the American literature.
A. Sinclair Lewis
B. Theodore Dreiser
C. F. Scott Fitagerald
D. H.L.Mencken
3. Mark Twain’s ___B___ tells a story of his boyhood ambitious to become a riverboat pilot, up and down the Mississippi.
A. Roughing It
B. The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn
C. Life on the Mississippi
D. The Adventures of Tom Sawyer
4. ___B___ is the scene of Dreiser’s Sister Carrie.
A. New York
B. Chicago
C. California
D. Washington
5. Mark Twain created, in __A_____, a masterpiece of American realism that is also one of the great books of world literature.
A. The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn
B. The Adventures of Tom Sawyer
C. The Man That Corrupted Hadleyburg
D. The Gilded Age
6. American literature produced only one female poet during the 19th century. This was ____C___.
A. Anne Bradstreet
B. Jane Austen
C. Emily Dickinson
D. Harriet Beecher
7. With Howells, James, and Mark Twain active on the scene, ___C___ became the major trend in the seventies and eighties of the 19th century.
A. sentimentalism
B. Romanticism
C. realism
D. naturalism
8. Leaves of Grass has ___A____ editions.
A. nine
B. five
C. six
D. seven
9. ___D____ is not among the artistic features of Whitman’s writing.
A. The use of th e poetic “I”
B. Free verse
C. Musicality or rhythm
D. Allegory
10. The realistic period is referred to as “the Gilded Age” by ____A___.
A. Mark Twain
B. Henry James
C. Emily Dickinson
D. Theodore Dreiser
11. ____C___ is regarded by H. L. Menken as “the true father of American national literature.”
A. Emily Dickinson
B. Henry James
C. Mark Twain
D. Theodore Dreiser
12. ___B____, being a boy’s book specially written for the adults, is Mark Twain’s most representative book.
A. Roughing It
B. The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn
C. Life on the Mississippi
D. The Adventures of Tom Sawyer
13. Henry James’s fame generally rests upon his novels and stories with __D______.
A. the love and marriage theme
B. the theme of humor and satire on life
C. the theme of revealing the miserable life of the poor and criticizing the capitalism
D. the international theme
14. _____A______ showed great interest in Chinese literature and translated the poetry of Li Po into English, and was influenced by Confucian ideas.
A. Ezra Pound
B. Robert Frost
C. T. S. Eliot
D.
E. E. Cummings
15. With William Dean Howells, Henry James, and Mark Twain active on the scene, ___C____ became the major trend in the seventies and eighties of the nineteenth century.
A. sentimentalism
B. romanticism
C. realism
D. naturalism
16. Ezra Pound's long poem______B______ contained more than one hundred poems loosely connected.
A. The Waste Land
B. The Cantos
C. Don Juan
D. Queen Mab
17. In Paris, Ernest Hemingway, along with _____D________, accomplished a revolu?tion in literary style and language.
A. Gertrude Stein
B. Ezra Pound
C. James Joyce
D. all of the above
18. ____B______ tells the Joad family' s life from the time they were evicted from their farm in Oklahoma until their first winter in California.
A. Of Mice and Men
B. The Grapes of Wrath
C. The Great Gatsby
D. For Whom the Bell Tolls
19. The two areas on which the modem American writers concentrated their criticism were the failures of American society and ____A_______ .
A. the failure of communication among Americans
B. the economic depression
C. the extreme prosperity of America
D. the paradise of New Land
20. Who of the following is NOT a 20th century American poet? A
A. Henry Wordsworth Longfellow
B. Amy Lowell
C. Ezra Pound
D. Robert Frost
Part II Identification (20 points, 2 point for each)
Decide whether the following statements are true or false.
1.The sound of Whitman’s words casts a magic, romantic spell over readers. His tone is
awesome, sad and melancholy. F
2.Haiku, a form of traditional Japanese poetry, greatly influenced the Imagist movement. T
3.Leaves of Grass is Whitman’s life work.T
4.Thanks in part to the efforts of Ezra Pound, Robert Frost was published in England and
quickly became recognized as a major American poet. T
5.In 1954, T. S. Eliot was awarded a Nobel Prize for his “mastery of the art of modern
narration.” F
6.Hemingway believed that a man could find meaning in life by facing his death with dignity
and courage. T
7.Realists thought highly of individual status and role in the world. The romanticists preferred
the innate or intuitive perception by the heart of man. They thought that man was essentially of goodwill, only the civilized society made him degenerate. They pointed out, the means to uproot evils and to save mankind was habits, and to return to “natural primitive state”. F 8.Literary naturalism may be regarded as the new development of literary realism, and was
sometimes called “pessimistic realism.” The naturalistic writers were philosophical pessimists.
T
9.Hemingway, Pound, Cummings, Dos Passos, and Fitzgerald, belong to the school of “Beat
Generation”. F
10.F. Scott Fitzgerald is called the leader and poet laureate of the Jazz Age who wrote the novels
of the Jazz Age. T
1 F
2 T
3 T
4 T
5 F
6 T
7 F
8 T
9 F 10 T
Part III Appreciation (20 points)
Directions: In this part of the test, there are two excerpts. Each of the excerpts is followed by several questions. Read the excerpts and answer the questions on the Answer Sheet.
Part A
The apparition of these faces in the crowd;
Petals on a wet, black bough.
Questions:
1.Who is the writer of this poem? ____ Ezra Pound _____(2%)
2.What is the title of this poem? ____ In A Station of the Metro ____(2%)
3.What images in t his poem suggest Haiku poetry and what images are “modern”? (3%)
4.What is the effect of the parallel between lines one and two of the poem? And what
feeling and meaning does the poem express to you? (3%)
Part B
I shall be telling this with a sigh
Somewhere ages and ages hence:
Two roads diverged in a wood, and I-
I took the one less traveled by,
And that has made all the difference
Questions:
1. Who is the writer of this poem? (2%)
2. What is the title of this poem? (2%)
3. What kind of feeling does this stanza show? (3%)
4. How do you appreciate this poem? (3%)
Part A
1. Ezra Pound
2. In A Station of the Metro
3. Answer should comment on the parallel between the “modern” imagery (description of
urban crowds and transportation, loneliness) of the first line and the traditional “Oriental” imagery (budding flowers on a tree, wetness) of the second line.
4. What is the effect of the parallel between lines one and two of the poem? Describe the
stylistic result of the parallel and the feelings it evokes
Part B
1. Robert Frost
2. "the road not taken"
3. This poem is written in classic five-line stanzas, with the rhyme scheme a-b-a-a-b and
conversational rhythm. The poem seems to be about the poet, walking in the woods in autumn, choosing which road he should follow on his walk. In real?ity, it concerns the important decisions which one must make in life, when one must give up one desirable thing in order to possess another. Then, whatever the outcome, one must accept the consequences of one' s choice for it is not possible to go back and have another chance to choose differently.
4. In the poem, the poet hesitates for a long time, wondering which road to take, because
they are both pretty. In the end, he follows the one which seems to have fewer travelers on it. Symbolically, he chose to follow an unusual, solitary life; perhaps he was speaking of his choice to become a poet rather than some commoner profession. But he always remembers the road which he might have taken, and which would have given him a different kind of life.
Part A
I celebrate myself, and sing myself,
And what I assume you shall assume,
For every atom belonging to me as good belongs to you.
I loafe and invite my soul,
I learn and loa, fe at my ease observing a spear of summer grass.
Questions:
1. These are the first two stanzas in the first section of a long poem entitled (2)
2. The name of the poet is___________ . (2)
3. Who is the poet celebrating? Whom do lines 2 ~ 3 also include in the celebra-tion? (2)
4. What is the verse, structure? (2)
5. Take the fifth line as a hint, can you write out the name of the poet' s completed collections of
poems? (2)
Part B
They were careless people, Tom and Daisy—
They smashed up things and creatures and then retreated back into their money or their vast carelessness, or whatever it was that kept them together, and let other people clean up the mess they had made. . .
Questions:
1. Which novel is this passage taken from? (2)
2. Who is the writer of this novel? (2)
3. What is the author' s attitude toward such persons as Tom and Daisy? (6)
Part A
1. Song of Myself
2. Walt Whitman
3. The poet is celebrating himself, his own life. Lines 2-3 also include
"you" , the readers and their lives in the celebration.
4. free verse
5. Leaves of Grass
Part B
1. The Great Gatsby
2. F. Scott Fitzgerald
3. The author criticized them as selfish, hypocritical persons.
Part IV Comment. (40points, 20points for each)
Directions: In this part of the test, you are given three topics. Choose TWO of them and give a comment on the Answer Sheet. Scores will be given according to the content, grammar and the completeness of the related knowledge. If you comment on all the three topics, additional points will be given to your final marks.
https://www.sodocs.net/doc/3b260901.html,ment on Earnest Hemingway’s A Farewell to Arms, from the perspective of
the theme, the plot, the characters, and the writing styles.
https://www.sodocs.net/doc/3b260901.html,ment on Theodore Dreiser’s Sister Carrie.
3.Why is Mark Twain considered the central figure in American fiction?
https://www.sodocs.net/doc/3b260901.html,m ent on Harriet Beecher Stowe’s Uncle Tom's Cabin.
1，Which writer or work do you connect with best, why?
The American writer F?Scott Fitzgerald’s fiction, The Great Gatsby is the work I connect with best. The fiction described the disillusion of the "American dream"
which pursued by a liquor upstart, Gatsby, and revealed the tragedy of American society. Gatsby and Daisy's love and the breakup could have been a very common love story. But the author compared the girl Gatsby fell in love with to the symbol of youth, money and status, as a means to the pursuit of material wealthy life, "American dream." Gatsby exhausted his feeling and intelligence to purse Daisy, and finally lost his life. He naively thought: the money can renew old dream and redeem the lost love. Unfortunately, he was wrong. He didn’t recogn ize Daisy the vulgar shallow woman. He misjudged the surface feasting and spiritual boredom society. He lived in his dream, then abandoned by Daisy, and snubbed by the society, and finally turned into a tragedy that can not be recovered. The fiction revealed social crisises deeply hidden behind the luxury through personal tragedy, criticized the essence of "American dream" and condemned Morality Undone and corruption prevailed in American society. It sounded the alarm to the world with Gatsby and Mattel's death, woke up people from the nothingness of the "American dream". It encouraged them to learn from the tragedy and come into the real life
with clear-headed thinking to reality and a more firm belief. The fiction makes me think further. Success should be achieved by ourselves with our own hardworking, courage, creativity and determination instead of the particular social class and other aid.
2. Choose one work and describe its theme and how it was related to society of that time.
The theme The Sun Also Rise is the existentialism which hidden in the life pictures Hemingway described. The existentialists believe that life is full of suffering, violence and crime. Thus "The world is absurd, life is painful and meaningless. In 1914, the First World War burst out; many American young people came to Europe with the dream of fighting for people’s peace, freedom and happiness. But what they saw on the battlefield was brutal killings and terrible deaths. Many people buried their lives in the war, which almost destroyed the survivals in physically and mentally. For them, the prevailing moral standards, ethics, ideals, etc., had all been destroyed by war. The turbulent post-war capitalist world and the deepening crisis, but also increase their sense of emptiness and morbid rebellious. In order to escape the hellish reality, they indulged themselves in drinking, dancing, chatting and dissolute sex life, wishing the stimulating life can cheer them up. However, this didn’t make them satisfied but make them far away from their regular life, sinking deeper into despair and unable to extricate themselves. Obviously, "the author had painted a picture of the post-war wasteland. The people lived in the wilderness not only riddled their bodies, but also made their spirits lost their homes. They lived painfully with no direction. The picture of wilderness is consistent with the existentialists’ view of the world, namely, “The world is absurd, and life is painful.” Besides, the young people’s struggling to finding the meaning in an meaningless life reflected the existentialist ideology that “existence precedes essence", and "free choice".
3.Why is Twain considered the central figure in American fiction?
Mark Twain was one of the main founders of 19th century American realistic literature, have made outstanding contributions in the theory and the style of fiction to the development of American literature. He advocated the creation of literary works with local flavor and suggested writers to start from their own familiar regions and use the language of the people to describing their lives and portray their characters and souls,. In his view, supposing writers follow this principle, the American people and the whole picture of American life will be faithfully displayed before the world. And only then, "the great American fiction" will be written.In many years after the founding the United States, almost all American writers were under the influence of traditional English literature. However Mark Twain broke this situation, creating a new p ath by the masses’ humor in the western region, colloquial style of American slang and a special way to tell a story. Mark Twain is considered a master of humorous language. His writing style created a precedent of colloquial language in American fiction, which had a tremendous impact on the later writers. All of his works are full of
humorous art. Mark Twain's humor is based on rich ideas and formed with the funny writing. It has not only rich philosophy about life but also strong artistic appeal, which shows his superb control on the language skills. He blends humor in with satire. There is not only filled with unique personal wit and witticism, but also no lack of profound social insight and analysis.
美国文学史复习资料
美国文学史复习（colonialism) 第一部分殖民主义时期的文学 一、时期综述 1、清教徒采用的文学体裁：a、narratives 日记b、journals 游记 2、清教徒在美国的写作内容： 1）their voyage to the new land 2) Adapting themselves to unfamiliar climates and crops 3) About dealing with Indians 4) Guide to the new land, endless bounty, invitation to bold spirit 3、清教徒的思想： 1）puritan want to make up pure their religious beliefs and practices 净化信仰和行为方式 2) Wish to restore simplicity to church and the authority of the Bible to the theology. 重建教堂，提供简单服务，建立神圣地位 3）look upon themselves as chosen people, and it follow logically that anyone who challenged their way of life is opposing God's will and is not to be accepted. 认为自己是上帝选民，对他们的生活有异议就是反对上帝 4）puritan opposition to pleasure and the arts sometimes has been exaggerated. 反对对快乐和艺术的追求到了十分荒唐的地步5）religious teaching tended to emphasize the image of a wrathful God.强调上帝严厉的一面，忽视上帝仁慈的一面。 4、典型的清教徒：John Cotton & Roger William 他们的不同：John Cotton was much more concerned with authority than with democracy; William begins the history of religious toleration in America. 5、William的宗教观点：Toleration did not stem from a lack of religious convictions. Instead, it sprang from the idea that simply to be virtuous in conduct and devout in belief did not give anyone the right to force belief on others. He also felt that no political order or church system could identify itself directly with God. 行为上的德，信仰上的诚，并没有给任何人强迫别人该如何行事的权利。没有任何政治秩序和教会体制能够直接体现神本身的意旨。 6、英国最早移民到美国的诗人：Anne Bradstreet 7、在殖民时期最好的清教徒诗人：the best of Puritan poets is Edward Tayor. 学习指南： 1、Could you give a description of American Puritans? 关于美国清教徒的描绘 Like their brothers back in England, were idealists, believing that the church should be restored to the "purity" of the first-century church as established by Jesus Christ himself. To them religion was a matter of primary importance. They made it their chief business to see that man lived and thought and acted in a way which tended to the glory of God. They accepted the doctrine of predestination, original sin and total depravity, and limited atonement through a special infusion of grace from God, all that John Calvin, the great French theologian who lived in Geneva had preached. It was this kind of religious belief that they brought with them into the wildness. There they meaant to prove that were God's chosen people enjoying his blessings on this earth as in Heaven. 2、Hard work, thrift, piety and sobriety were the Puritan values that dominated much of the earliest American writing. 3、The work of two writers, Anne Bradstreet & Edward Taylor, rose to the level of real poetry.
陶洁版美国文学选读_第三版_课后习题答案解析
美国文学选读第三版课后习题答案洁(部分) Unit 1 Benjamin Franklin Questions 1.Why did Franklin write his Autobiography? Franklin says that because his son may wish to know about his life, he is taking his one week vacation in the English countryside to record his past. He also says that he has enjoyed his life and would like to repeat it 2.What made Franklin decide to leave the brother to whom he had been apprenticed? His brother was passionate, and had often beaten him. The aversion to arbitrary power that has stuck to him through his whole life .After a brush with the law, Franklin left his brother. 3.How did he arrive in Philadephia? First he set out in a boat for Amboy, the boat dropped him off about 50 miles from Burlington, the next day he reached Burlington on foot, in Burlington he found a boat which was going towards Philadelphia, he arrived there about eight
美国文学选读复习资料
American Puritanism 殖民地时期 ( roughly from the settlement of America in the early 17th century through the end of the 18th) 一、Benjamin Franklin 本杰明?富兰克林 作品： 1、Poor Richard's Almanac 《格言历书》--- A Collection of maxims, or proverbs, on the value of work and savings for success. 2、The Autobiography 《自传》---“美国梦”的根源 3、参与起草《独立宣言》 浪漫主义American Romanticism The Romantic Period stretches from the end of the 18th century to the outbreak of the Civil War. It is a period of the great flowering of American literature. The social and cultural background of Romanticism The young Republic was flourishing into a politically, economically and culturally independent country. The Romantic writings revealed unique characteristics of their own in their works and they grew on the native lands. The desire for an escape from society and a return to nature became a permanent convention of American literature. The American Puritanism as a cultural heritage exerted great influences over American moral values. Romantics frequently shared certain general characteristics:moral enthusiasm,faith in value of in dividualism and intuitive perception,and a presumption that the natural world was a source of good ness and man’s societies as a source of corruption. 二、Edgar Allan Poe埃德加·爱伦·坡 ---poet,short story writer and literary critic(48poems,70short stories) He greatly influenced the devotees of“Art for art’s sake.” He was father of psychoanalytic criticism(心理分析批评),and the detective story.诗歌的精髓就是追求美 小说的主题常常是恐怖和死亡，其中还运用了象征手法。 The Poetic Principle: 1.The poem,should be short,readable at one sitting; 2.Beauty(the rhythmical creation of beauty); 3.Melancholy忧伤(especially the death of a beautiful woman).
(完整版)美国文学史复习资料
美国文学史复习1（colonialism) 第一部分殖民主义时期的文学 一、时期综述 1、清教徒采用的文学体裁：a、narratives 日记b、journals 游记 2、清教徒在美国的写作内容： 1）their voyage to the new land 2) Adapting themselves to unfamiliar climates and crops 3) About dealing with Indians 4) Guide to the new land, endless bounty, invitation to bold spirit 3、清教徒的思想： 1）puritan want to make up pure their religious beliefs and practices 净化信仰和行为方式 2) Wish to restore simplicity to church and the authority of the Bible to the theology. 重建教堂，提供简单服务，建立神圣地位 3）look upon themselves as chosen people, and it follow logically that anyone who challenged their way of life is opposing God's will and is not to be accepted. 认为自己是上帝选民，对他们的生活有异议就是反对上帝 4）puritan opposition to pleasure and the arts sometimes has been exaggerated. 反对对快乐和艺术的追求到了十分荒唐的地步5）religious teaching tended to emphasize the image of a wrathful God.强调上帝严厉的一面，忽视上帝仁慈的一面。 4、典型的清教徒：John Cotton & Roger William 他们的不同：John Cotton was much more concerned with authority than with democracy; William begins the history of religious toleration in America. 5、William的宗教观点：Toleration did not stem from a lack of religious convictions. Instead, it sprang from the idea that simply to be virtuous in conduct and devout in belief did not give anyone the right to force belief on others. He also felt that no political order or church system could identify itself directly with God. 行为上的德，信仰上的诚，并没有给任何人强迫别人该如何行事的权利。没有任何政治秩序和教会体制能够直接体现神本身的意旨。 6、英国最早移民到美国的诗人：Anne Bradstreet 7、在殖民时期最好的清教徒诗人：the best of Puritan poets is Edward Tayor. 学习指南： 1、Could you give a description of American Puritans? 关于美国清教徒的描绘 Like their brothers back in England, were idealists, believing that the church should be restored to the "purity" of the first-century church as established by Jesus Christ himself. To them religion was a matter of primary importance. They made it their chief business to see that man lived and thought and acted in a way which tended to the glory of God. They accepted the doctrine of predestination, original sin and total depravity, and limited atonement through a special infusion of grace from God, all that John Calvin, the great French theologian who lived in Geneva had preached. It was this kind of religious belief that they brought with them into the wildness. There they meaant to prove that were God's chosen people enjoying his blessings on this earth as in Heaven. 2、Hard work, thrift, piety and sobriety were the Puritan values that dominated much of the earliest American writing. 3、The work of two writers, Anne Bradstreet & Edward Taylor, rose to the level of real poetry. 4、The earliest settlers included Dutch, Swedes, Germans, French, Spaniards Italian, and Portuguese. 美国文学史复习2（reasoning and revolution) (2009-01-17 15:54:25) 一、美国的性质： The war for Independence ended in the formation of a Federative bourgeois democratic republic - the United States of America. 联邦的资产阶级民主共和国--美利坚合众国。 二、代表作家： 1、Benjamin Franklin 本杰明·富兰克林1706-1790 1）"Poor Richard's Almanac" 穷人查理德的年鉴annual collection of proverbs 流行谚语集 It soon became the most popular book of its kind, largely because of Franklin's shrewd humor, and first spread his reputation 2) Founded the Junto, a club for informal discussion of scientific, economic and political ideas. 建立了一个秘密俱乐部，讨论的主题是政治、经济和科学等时事方面的问题 3）established America's first circulating library, founded the college--University of Pennsylvania. 建立了美国第一个可租借的图书馆，还创办了一所大学——就是现在的宾夕法尼亚大学。 4）first applied the terms "positive" and "negative" to electrical charges. 5)As a representative of the Colonies, he tried in vain to counsel the British toward policies that would let America grow and flourish in association with England. He conducted the difficulty negotiations with France that brought financial and military support for America in the war. 作为殖民地的代表，他不断建议英国改变政策，使美国可以和英国一起发展、繁荣。他说服法国支持美国的独立战争。 6）As an author he had power of expression, simplicity, a subtle humor, sarcastic.作为作家具有非凡的才能，表达简洁明了，幽默，讽刺天才、 7）The Way to Wealth致富之道The Autobiography自传18世纪美国唯一流传至今的自传
2018年自学考试《美国文学选读》试题
2018年自学考试《美国文学选读》试题 Multiple choice; 1._________ works are marked by a preoccupation with the Calvinistic view of original sin and the mystery of evil. A.Emerson’s B. Hawthorne’s C. Thoreau’s D. Allan Poe’s 2. Irving’s “Rip Van Winkle”got ideas from _______ legends. A.B ritish B. German C. Italian D. French 3. “Rip Van Winkle”reveals the theme of ______ the past. A. nostalgia for B. rejectionn to C. detachment from D. dislike for 4. In Hawthorne’s The Scarlet Letter , “A”may stand for ____________. A. Angel B. Adultery C. Able D.all the above 4. According to Hawthorne, the scarlet letter “A”which originally stood for “____”finally obtained the meaning of “able”or “angel”through Hester’s efforts. A. adultery B. arrogance C. accomplishment D. agony 5. Which one is not the characteristics of the puritan style? A. Fresh B. Simple C. Grand D. Direct 6. In his ______, Benjamin Franklin creates the image of a boy’s rise from rags to riches and demonstrates his belief that the new world America was a land of opportunities which might be met through hard work and wise management.
美国文学史及选读复习重点
Captain John Smith (first American writer). Anne Bradstreet；The Tenth Muse Lately Sprung Up in America （colonists living） Edward Taylor(the best puritan poet) John Cotton ”the Patriarch of New England” teacher spiritual leader Benjamin Franklin The Autobiography Poor Richard’s Almanack Thomas Jefferson： Political Career Thoughts The Declaration of Independence we hold truth to be self-evidence Philip Freneau“Father of American Poetry” The Wild Honey Suckle American Romanticism optimism and hope Nationalism Washington Irving“Father of American Literature short story”The first “Pure Writer” A History of New York The Sketch Book marked the beginning of American Romanticism! “The Legend of Sleepy Hollow”Rip Van Winkle James Fenimore Cooper Father of American sea and frontier novels Leather stocking Tales The Last of the Mohicans The Pioneers The Prairie The Pathfinder The Deerslayer Edgar Allan Poe father of detective story and horror fiction Tales of the Grotesque and the Arabesque “MS. Found in a Bottle” “The Murders in the Rue Morgue” “The Fall of the House of Usher”“The Masque of the Red Death”“The
美国文学选读期末考试重点
1、The Colonial Period（1607-1765） American Puritanism ( in the early 17th century through the end of the 18th) 北美第一位女诗人Anne Bradstreet(宗教气息，夫妻恩爱) Edward Taylor 都受英国玄学派影响（metaphysical） 2、The Enlightenment and Revolution Period Benjamin Franklin:Poor Richard's Almanac The Autobiography---“美国梦”的根源 3、American Romanticism（end of 18th to the civil war） American writers emphasis upon the imaginative and emotional qualities of literature. 早期浪漫主义Washington Irving father of American Literature
美国文学复习资料
Chapter 1 1.American literature in the colonial periods (殖民地时期的文学，1607-1765): ①1942 Christopher Columbus(哥伦布) discovery of America ②17th century English began their settlement of the North American continent (北美拓殖开始) ③1606 the frist English settlement James Town, Virginia ④1620 the ship Mayflower arrived at Plymouth, Massachusetts ⑤1629 the Puritans established the Massachusetts Bay Colony 2.Puritanism(清教主义) and writers, early poetries 1) the spirit and ideal of puritans who settled in the North American continent in the early part of the seventeenth century because of religious persecutions. The doctrines of predestination(宿命), original sin(原罪), total depravity(完全的堕落) and limited atonement(有限的救赎) were all that they believed in. 2)writers: William Bradford(1590-1702 Of Plymouth Plantation普利茅斯开发历史), Anne Bradstreet(1617-1672 The Tenth Muse Lately Sprung Up in America在美洲诞生的第十个谬斯), Jonathan Edwards(1702-1758), Edward Taylor(1642-1729). 3)Early poetries: The Bay Psalm Book(1640, 1st book written and printed) , The Day of Doom(1662), New England Primer(1638, the 1st and most successful educational textbook) 3.The Main Features of this period 1)American literature grew out of humble origins. Diaries, histories, journals, letters, commonplace books, travel books, sermons, in short, personal literature in its various forms, occupy a major position in the literature of the early colonial period; 2) In content these early writings served either God or colonial expansion or both. In form, if there was any form at all, English literary traditions were faithfully imitated and transplanted;3) The Puritanism formed in this period was one of the most enduring shaping influences in American thought and American literature. 4.American literature in the revolutionary periods( Enlightenment启蒙运动, 1765 -1800) 1)revolutionary ended in 1763 2)1772 Patriot groups began to form committees 3)1774 Frist Continental Congress 4)1775 fighting broke out 5)1776 the Declaration of Independence in Second Continental Congress 6)1783 The Treaty of Paris(巴黎和约) → real independence 7)1776- 1783 Independence War 5.Famous literary figures Roger Williams(罗杰·威廉斯1603-1683): The Bloody Tenet of Persecution for the Cause of Conscience, Discussed in a Conference between Truth and Peace （1644） Philip Freneau(菲利普·弗伦诺1752-1832): "the poet of the American Revolution". His major themes are death, nature, transition, and the human in nature John Woolman(约翰·伍尔1702-1772), Tomas Paine(托马斯·潘恩1737-1809)，Benjamin Franklin本杰明·富兰克林 6.Benjamin Franklin(1706 - 1790) and works
美国文学选读试题
美国文学史及作品选读模拟试题一 ) '×15=15I.Multiple Choice (1'______was the first colony in American history. C1. D.Georgia C. Virginia A. Massachusetts B. New Jersey War. the before Revolutionary only good American author 2. _B_____ was the
One “His shadow lies heavier than any other man's on of his fellow Americans said, this young nation.”D.Thomas Paine B. Benjamin Franklin C. Thomas Jefferson A. John Smith 3. Romantics put emphasis on the following EXCEPT __A____. D. individualism C. intuition B. imagination A. common sense The Raven was written in 1844 by __B______ 4. B. Edgar Allan Poe A. Philip Freneau D. Emily Dickinson C. Henry Wadsworth Longfellow 5. The ship __C____ carried about one hundred Pilgrims and took 66 days to beat its way across the Atlantic. In December of 1620, it put the Pilgrims ashore at Plymouth, Massachusetts. D. Titanic C. Mayflower B. Armada A. Sunflower D____ is a tremendous chronicle of a whaling voyage in 6. Melville's novel __ pursuit of a seemingly supernatural white whale. Moby Dick D. C. White Jacket A. Typee B. Omoo 7. As a philosophical and literary movement, __D____ flourished in New England from the 1830s to the Civil War. D.Transcendentalism C.Sentimentalism B.Rationalism A.Modernism 8. The theme of original sin is fully reflected in ___A______. B. Sister Carrie A. The Scarlet Letter The Old Man and Sea D. C. The Great Gatsby 9. In all his novels Theodore Dreiser sets himself to project the ___B___ American values. For example, in Sister Carrie, there is not one character whose status is not determined economically. 页1 第 A. Puritan B. materialistic C. psychological D. religious 10. Realism was a reaction against____B__ or a move away from the bias towards