Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks

Editorial

Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks

Dongkyun Kim,1Juan Carlos Cano,2Wei Wang,3Floriano De Rango,4and Kun Hua5

1School of Computer Science&Engineering,Kyungpook National University,Daegu,Republic of Korea

2Universidad Polit′e cnica de Valencia,Camino de Vera,S/N,46022Valencia,Spain

3South Dakota State University,DEH(Old ECS)123,Brookings,SD57007,USA

4Department of Informatics,Electronic and Sistemistic,University of Calabria,Italy

5Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering,Lawrence Technological University,South field,MI48075,USA

Correspondence should be addressed to Dongkyun Kim;dongkyun@knu.ac.kr

Received4March2014;Accepted4March2014;Published16April2014

Copyright?2014Dongkyun Kim et al.This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use,distribution,and reproduction in any medium,provided the original work is properly cited.

More than70%of the earth surface is covered with water.To explore and make use of this vast unexplored aquatic environ-ment,new technologies provide us with a number of appli-cations such as pollution monitoring,disasters prevention, and tactical surveillance for scientific,environmental,and military purposes.However,due to unique characteristics such as large propagation delay,low communication band-width,node mobility,and high error rate,novel solutions considering the unique features of underwater environment are greatly demanded.

This special issue presents recent schemes for underwater networks,especially featuring current and future research waypoints in the field of underwater wireless sensor net-works.

In the paper titled“Orthogonal Regression Based Mul-tihop Localization Algorithm for Large-Scale Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks,”proposed by Y.Ren et al.,a3D multihop localization scheme for underwater wireless sensor networks is introduced.The authors construct a3D multihop localization model and propose an orthogonal regression method to determine the optimum value of regression vector. This value can be used to improve the accuracy of localization.

S.Tsuyoshi et al.present a developed wireless sensor network system in their paper titled“Development of Under-water Monitoring Wireless Sensor Network to Support Coral Reef Observation.”The authors define required functions of a wireless sensor node for gathering information on a coral reef environment.Their experimental results in the coral reef are described,using a prototyped hardware.

In the paper titled“UA-MAC:An Underwater Acous-tic Channel Access Method for Dense Mobile Underwater Sensor Networks,”proposed by C.Lv et al.,a TDMA based underwater acoustic channel access method for dense mobile underwater wireless sensor networks is presented.A new MAC scheme defines a preverified template and improves the channel utilization and eliminates the hidden terminal problem.

A forwarding protocol for underwater wireless networks is introduced in“Relative Distance Based Forwarding Proto-col for Underwater Wireless Networks”proposed by Z.Li et al.The proposed protocol uses a relative distance to utilize a fitness factor.Based on the factor,the protocol can confine the scope of candidate forwarders and find beneficial relay nodes to forward packets.

S.Lee and D.Kim present fast retransmit techniques over flooding-based routing protocols in their manuscript “Two Fast Retransmit Techniques in UWSNs with ACK Indiscretion Problem.”The authors newly define an ACK indiscretion problem and propose two fast retransmission techniques to address the problem.Based on a new sequence number or a number of duplicate ACKs expected to be received,the source nodes can perform fast retransmissions correctly.

The paper titled“SLSMP:Time Synchronization and Localization Using Seawater Movement Pattern in Under-water Wireless Networks,”proposed by S.Kim and Y. Y oo,describes characteristics of seawater movement and error factors of existing time synchronization schemes.New

Hindawi Publishing Corporation

International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks Volume 2014, Article ID 860813, 2 pages

https://www.sodocs.net/doc/33612985.html,/10.1155/2014/860813

2International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks time synchronization and localization schemes contribute to

improving accuracy based on Kalman and Averaging filter.

An energy-efficient routing protocol for under harsh

underwater is proposed by M.Xu et al.in“An Energy-

Efficient Routing Algorithm for Underwater Wireless Sensor

Networks Inspired by Ultrasonic Frogs.”The authors define a

gravity function to represent attractiveness from one sensor

node to another node.According to the gravity function,

sensor nodes adopt different transmission radii for the

purpose of energy saving.

The paper titled“Optimizing of Iterative Turbo Equalizer

for Underwater Sensor Communication,”proposed by J.W.

Jung and K.M.Kim,provides an interactive turbo equalizer

algorithm consisting of inner code and outer code to address

reflection of sea level and sea bottom.Based on these

codes,the algorithm reduces intersymbol interference and

multipath error.

The paper titled“Passive Acoustic Source Tracking Using

Underwater Distributed Sensors,”proposed by S.-Y.Chun

and K.-M.Kim,presents an acoustic source tracking algo-

rithm for underwater channel to estimate location of the

source correctly.A new algorithm matches interference

patterns at each of sensor nodes and calculates a distance ratio

between the source and nodes.Based on the distance and

hyperbola equation,location of the source can be estimated.

Acknowledgments

The guest editors would like to thank the authors for the

great level of the contributions included in this special issue

and the work developed by many experts who participated in

the review process providing constructive comments to the

authors to improve the quality of the papers.

Dongkyun Kim

Juan Carlos Cano

Wei Wang

Floriano De Rango

Kun Hua

VLSI Design Hindawi Publishing Corporation https://www.sodocs.net/doc/33612985.html,

Volume 2014

International Journal of

R otating

Machinery

Hindawi Publishing Corporation https://www.sodocs.net/doc/33612985.html, Volume 2014

Hindawi Publishing Corporation Journal of Engineering Hindawi Publishing Corporation https://www.sodocs.net/doc/33612985.html, Volume 2014Shock and Vibration Mechanical Engineering Advances in Civil Engineering

Advances in Acoustics and Vibration Advances in Electrical and Computer Engineering

Journal of Distributed S ensor Networks The Scientific World Journal Hindawi Publishing Corporation Volume 2014Sensors Modelling &

Simulation

in Engineering

https://www.sodocs.net/doc/33612985.html, A ctive and Passive Electronic Components Advances in OptoElectronics

Hindawi Publishing Corporation https://www.sodocs.net/doc/33612985.html,

Volume 2014Robotics Journal of Volume 2014Chemical Engineering International Journal of Hindawi Publishing Corporation Volume 2014Control Science and Engineering Journal of

Hindawi Publishing Corporation https://www.sodocs.net/doc/33612985.html, Volume 2014 ntennas and Propagation Hindawi Publishing Corporation https://www.sodocs.net/doc/33612985.html, Volume 2014Navigation and O bservation International Journal of