中考英语语法精讲一__名词

中考语法考点精讲一名词

名词

一、名词的分类

二．名词的数

名词有数的变化，从名词所表示的事物的性质看，可以分为两类：可数名词，不可数名词，

1．可数名词

可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。复数名词的变化有规则变化和不规则变化两种。

（2）不规则变化

①只变其中元音字母

如：man - men woman - women policeman- policemen , Englishman-Englishmen goose – geese foot - feet tooth - teeth

mouse - mice child - children

口诀：男人女人 a 变e , 鹅足牙oo变ee ,小老鼠也好记，ous 变ic，儿童加上ren ,读音同时要发准。注：German –Germans (除外）

②单复数形式相同。

如：sheep, deer, fish, Chinese, Japanese，

口诀：一个中国人和一个日本人骑着一头绵羊和鹿去吃水煮鱼。

2．不可数名词

1）概述：英语中的可数与不可数是一个语法概念，与实际生活中某件事物的可数与不可数并不完全一致，因而不能单从意义上加以推测。

1.不可数名词不能和a/an连用；

2.不能直接用数字表数量

3. 不可数名词没有复数形式，所以后面不能加-s/-es

4. 不可数名词作句子的主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。

2) 表示方法：不可数名词用some, any, a lot of , little, a little, much表示。如：

I have a little time left.我还剩下一点儿时间。

用“数词或冠词+量词+of+不可数名词”。量词可以是单数也可以是复数。

如：a piece of news four glasses of milk five bottles of water

half a kilo of …. 半公斤….. two and a half kilos of ….. 两公斤半….. (注：即使数目大于1 但小于2 时，也用复数形式如;1.5公斤， one and a half kilos 或 one and a half 也就是说kilo 放在one and a half 后用复数，只放在one后则用单数)

3) 常考的不可数名词：

1.流体：water , air ,coffee, tea, milk, wine, juice, oil, honey, porridge，soup, ink

2.固体：食品类：rice, bread, salt, butter, cheese, beef，chicken（鸡肉），fish（鱼肉），pork，meat

非食品类：paper, glass(玻璃），wood, cotton, rain，snow，chalk

3. 表示总称的词：food, fruit, drink, clothing, money, furniture，population

4.抽象名词：work，weather, news, advice, music, fun, time, knowledge, information

5.研究学科：maths, physics, politics

【真题链接】

1.______ we had making snowmen last Sunday! (2009天津）

A What a great fun

B What great fun

C How a great fun

D how great fun

2. There ____ a lot of good news in today's newspaper.

A. is

B. are

C. was

D. Were

三、名词的所有格

名词所有格表示名词之间的所有关系。有两种表示形式：一种是's 所有格，另一种是of 所有格。

1．名词所有格的构成

1）表示有生命的名词，在单数名词或不以s 结尾的复数名词后加“'s ”, 在以s 结尾的名词后只加“’”如：the boy’s schoolbag 这男孩的书包the worker’s shoes 这个二人的鞋

the teachers’ office 老师们的办公室the students’ classroom 学生们的教室

Women’s Day 妇女节the People’s Park 人民公园

2）表示无生命的名词所有格用“of +无生命名词”来表示。

如：the name of the ship 船的名字 a map of china 一张中国的地图

当有生命的名词的定语较长时，也可以用of 短语来表示其所有关系。如;

The story of the old kind woman is moving. 这位善良的老妇人的故事很感人

3）双重所有格有两种形式：① of +名词所有格②of+名词性物主代词

如：a friend of my brother's 我哥哥的一个朋友（相当于：one of my brother's friends)

a pen of yours 你的一只钢笔

注意：a photo of my father's （我父亲若干照片中的一张，不一定是父亲本人of + 名词所有格）

a photo of my father （指照片上的人就是父亲自己of + 名词）

2．名词所有格的用法

1）表示时间、距离、国家、城市等无生命的名词用's 所有格来表示。单数加’s

复数加’

如：today's newspaper 今天的报纸an hour’s walk ten days’ holiday

ten minutes' break 十分钟的休息（比较：ten-minute break)

China's capital 中国的首都Beijing's weather 北京的天气

2）表示店铺，医院，诊所，住宅等名称时，常在名词后加上's 代表全称。

如：the doctor's 医生的诊室

my uncle's 我叔叔家the baker's 面包店

3）用and 连接两个并列的单数名词表示共有关系，这时只在最后的一个名词后加‘s

如：Lily and Lucy's mother is a nurse. 莉莉和露西的妈妈是一个护士。

4）用and连接两个并列名词，表示分别拥有各自的物品时两个名词都在词尾加's 表示各有关系。如：These are Tom's and Mary's bags. 这些是汤姆和玛丽的包。

【真题链接】

1. He borrowed a dictionary from_____.

A. one of his friend

B. a friend of him

C. a his friend

D. a friend of his

四、易错点清单

1. 由“a pair( a kind, series...)+ of +复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式；“pairs(kinds...)+of+复数名

词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。如：

A pair of sunglasses is lying on the table. 衣服太阳镜放在桌子上。

These pairs of trousers are very new.

2.“数词+名词+形容词”构成的复合形容词，中间的名词不能用复数形式而须用单数形式。如：

如：She is an eight-year-old girl. 她是一个八岁的女孩。（eight-year-old不能说成eight-years-old)

比较：The girl is eight years old. 那个女孩八岁了。

a five-pound note 一张五英镑的纸币

a 100-meter race 百米赛跑

a ten-story- high building 一栋十层高的楼房。

3.有些名词既是可数名词又是不可数名词，但意义有所不同。如：

work(工作）——a work (著作）wood（木头）——woods （树林）

fire（火）——fires (炉火，火灾) light (光) ——lights (灯)

time (时间)——times （倍数，次数）work（工作）——works （著作）

chicken （鸡肉）——chickens (鸡) fish（鱼肉）——fishes（不同种类的鱼）

orange （橘黄色）——oranges(橘子) glass(玻璃）——a glass(玻璃杯）

paper（纸）——a paper(报纸，文件试卷）room(空间）——a room(房间）

4、语境辩词

运用生活经验、知识积累根据上下文推测出空格处所要表达的意思，选择正确的词。如：渴了就需要水（water）、饮料（tea, coffee, juice等）；饿了就需要食物（bread rice，meat，cake）取钱需要去bank 【真题链接】

1.Bill said they were going to have_______holiday. (2009 河南）

A a two-weeks'

B a two-week

C two weeks'

D two weeks

2.He is reading______and writing something down on______.

A.paper；a piece of paper

B.a paper；paper

C.paper；a paper

D.a paper；a piece of paper

五、名词的语法作用1.

六、名词作主语①.表示时间、金钱、距离作主语时，谓语动词用单数。

Two hours ________(be) enough for us to get there .

②量词短语“数字+量词+ of +…”作主语时，谓语动词应与量词保持一致。

A pair of shoes _______(be) under the bed .

Two pieces of paper _______(be) on the desk .

③名词+介词（with、except 、along with …）+名词作主语时，谓语动词应与前面的名词保持一致。The teacher with the students _________(be) planting trees on the hill .

④短语“neither…nor…/either…or…/not only…but also …”连接两个词做主语时，谓语动词遵循就近原则。【2014福州】—Tim,how do your parents like popular pop music ?

—____my dad ______my mom likes it . They both prefer classical music .

A. Either…or

B. Neither …or

C. Not only …but also

⑤学科名词作主语，谓语动词用单数

Maths________(be) my favorite subject.

2.名词作定语：

①.名词作定语时，一般用单数形式。apple tree book shop

②.名词作定语时，sport用复数形式sports meeting _____________ sports shoes _______________ .

③.man/woman 作定语修饰名词时，man、woman的单复数与后面的名词单复数保持一致。

one man teacher _______________ two women teachers _______________

七、名词拓展

关于way的短语：

push one’s way 挤着前进

all the way to 一路至；

no way决不；

by the way顺便说一下；

lose one’s way 迷路；

by way of 经由；

make one’s way to 朝…地方去；

on the (one’s) way (to) 去某地的路上；即将到来；in the(one’s) way阻碍；挡道

in a/one/some way 在某种程度上in the same way 用同样的方式；in different ways 以不同的方式；in this way 这样；以这种方式；in no way 决不；

out of the way 不挡道

eg.

⑴No way will I go on working for that man. ⑵I left them alone, as I feel I was in the way.

⑶In a way you are right, but I still have doubts. ⑷Oh, by the way, do you have my new address?

⑸He met an old friend on his way home / to work. ⑹Heavy rain was on the way.

⑺When I arrived, the party was well on the / its way.

易混淆名词辨析

1. family, house, home

home 家，包括住处和家人，house房子，住宅，family家庭成员. My family is a happy one.

2. sound, voice, noise

sound自然界各种各样的声音，voice人的嗓音，noise噪音I hate the loud noise outside.

3. population, people person ，people ，human

population人口，人数，people具体的人China has a large population.

4. road, street, path, way

road具体的公路，马路，street街道，path小路，小径，way道路，途径

5. take this road; in the street, show me the way to the museum.

6. problem , question , trouble 问题

7. exercise, exercises, practice

exercise运动，锻炼（不可数），exercises练习（可数），practice（反复做的）练习

Practice makes perfect.

8. work, job

二者均指工作。work不可数，job可数a good job

https://www.sodocs.net/doc/3d2044245.html,rmation /news/ message辨析

(1)information “消息，信息”(不可数名词)一般指信息；消息；情报；资讯

a piece of information 一条信息

（2）news 不可数名词，一般指新闻、消息 a piece of news 一则新闻

(3)message可数名词，一般指（书面或口头的）信息、消息、音信。leave a message 留下消息take a message （打电话时用）传个话，留口信give sb. a message 给某人捎口信=take a message for sb

变名词

1、变表示职业的名词

（1）+er

farmer worker dancer waiter reporter listener writer reader owner foreigner (2)+or

doctor visitor actor conductor inventor director translator professor monitor

(3)+ian

musician librarian veterinarian Australian Canadian Indian Brazilian American

(4)+ist

artist dentist scientist tourist journalist specialist pianist violinist terrorist

(5)+man

postman fisherman Englishman Frenchman

2、变表示抽象名词

(1)+t(s)ion

invention collection pronunciation donation pollution solution discussion congratulation suggestion situation donation

(2)+ment

agreement appointment development environment equipment argument

(3)+ty

safety popularity difficulty activity beauty

(4)+th

death growth truth youth wealth health length

(5)+ness

illness goodness business kindness darkness

(6)+ance

appearance

(7)ship friendship hardship

(8)t变ce

different→difference important→importance confident→confidence convenient→convenience s ilent → silence

(9)其它

fail→failure proud→pride high→height weigh→weight fly→flight success → succeed speak → speech please→ pleasure

【真题链接】

1.—Why do you get up so early in the morning, Tracy ？（2009·湖北武汉）

—I generally make it a to be up by 7 to read English.

词形变化

英语中，有时一个名词加上相应的前缀或后缀就可以变为形容词。如：

sleep（睡觉）—asleep （睡着的）—sleepy （瞌睡的，困乏的），

常见的名词变形容词的方法：

名词类别方法举例

表天气的-y cloud ---cloudy; wind---windy

表方位的-ern west—western , south--southern

表人的-ly friend---friendly; mother--motherly

表时间的-ly time—timely, week--weekly

表物质的-en/-y wood—wooden, sand--sandy

表抽象概念的-ful colour—colourful, use--useful

-y luck—lucky, health—healthy

-less care-careless, use-useless

表大洲与国家的-n America—American, Russia—Russian

另外，某些名词后加上-ous或-ish 也可构成形容词。如

danger（危险）-----dangerous(危险的) ，fool（傻瓜）–foolish （愚蠢的）

人教版初中英语初中英语语法之一名词(通用版)

初中英语语法之一名词 名词可以分为专有名词（Proper Nouns）和普通名词 (Common Nouns），专有名词是某个（些）人，地方，机构等专有的名称，如Beijing，China等。普通名词是一类人或东西或是一个抽象概念的名词，如：book，sadness 等。普通名词又可分为下面四类： 1）个体名词（Individual Nouns）：表示某类人或东西中的个体，如：gun。 2）集体名词（Collective Nouns）：表示若干个个体组成的集合体，如：family。 3）物质名词（Material Nouns）：表示无法分为个体的实物，如：air。 4）抽象名词（Abstract Nouns）：表示动作、状态、品质、感情等抽象概念，如：work。 个体名词和集体名词可以用数目来计算，称为可数名词（mCountable Nouns），物质名词和抽象名词一般无法用数目计算，称为不可数名词（Uncountable Nouns）。归纳一下，名词的分类可以下图表示：||专有名词 || | 名| | 个体名词 | | || || 可数名词| || | 集体名词 || ||普通名词 || | | 词 | | 物质名词 | | || || 不可数名词| || | 抽象名词 || 1.1 名词复数的规则变化 ___________________________________________________ 情况构成方法读音例词 _________________________________________________ _ 一般情况加 -s 1.清辅音后读/s/;map-maps 2.浊辅音和元音后读 /z/;bag-bags car-cars __________________________________________________ _ 以s,sh,ch, x等结尾的词加 -es读 /iz/bus-buses watch-watches ______________________________________________ __ __ 以ce,se,ze, (d)ge等结尾的词加 -s读 /iz/license-licenses __________________________________________________ _ 以辅音字母+y变y 为i 结尾的词再加es读 /z/baby---babies 1.2 其它名词复数的规则变化 1) 以y结尾的专有名词，或元音字母+y 结尾的名词变复数时，直接加s变复数： 如：two Marys the Henrys monkey---monkeys holiday---holidays 比较：层楼：storey ---storeys story---stories 2) 以o 结尾的名词，变复数时： a. 加s，如： photo---photos piano---pianos radio---radios zoo---zoos； b. 加es，如：potato--potatoes tomato--tomatoes c. 均可，如：zero---zeros / zeroes 3) 以f或fe 结尾的名词变复数时： a. 加s，如： belief---beliefs roof---roofs safe---safes gulf---gulfs； b. 去f,fe 加ves，如：half---halves knife---knives leaf---leaves wolf---wolves wife---wives life---lives thief---thieves； c. 均可,如：handkerchief: handkerchiefs / handkerchieves

(完整版)初中英语语法专项代词练习及答案

初中英语语法代词专项练习 —————人称代词、物指代词 （1）按要求写出下列代词的形式 1、I（宾格）________ 2、he（形容词性物主代词）________ 3、us（主格）________ 4、they（宾格）________ 5、she（宾格）________ 6、you（名词性物主代词）________ 7、it（宾格）________ 8、my（复数）________ 9、him（复数）________ 10、he（形容词性物主代词）________ 11、we（单数）________ 12、they（名词性物主代词）________ 13、I（反身代词）________ 14、you（反身代词）________ 15、she（反身代词）________ 16、he（反身代词）________ 17、it（反身代词）________ 18、I（反身代词）________ （2）选出括号中正确的词，在正确的词上打勾。 1. This is（my / I）mother. 2. Nice to meet （your / you）. 3.（He / His）name is Mark. 4. What’s（she / her）name? 5. Excuse（me / my / I）. 6. Are（your / you）Miss Li? 7.（I/ My）am Ben. 8.（She / Her）is my sister. 9. Fine , thank（your / you）. 10. How old is （he / his）? （3）用所给代词的正确形式填空 1. These are ______ ( he ) brothers. 2. That is _______( she ) sister. 3. Lily is _______ ( Lucy ) sister. 4. Tom, this is _____ ( me ) cousin, Mary. 5. Now _____________(her parent) are in America. 6. Those __________ ( child ) are _____ ( I ) father’s students. 7. Do you know ______ ( it ) name? 8. Mike and Tom _________( be ) friends. 9. Thanks for helping ________( I ). 10. ______(Ann安)mother is ______(we) teacher. （4）填上正确的人称代词和物主代词 1._____ is my friend. 他是我的朋友。 2. My dog likes _____. 我的狗喜欢她。 3. Who is there? It’s _____.是谁啊？是我。 4. Come with _____. 跟我来。 5. ______ classroom is bigger than ____. 你们的教室比我们的要大。 6. _____ are Chinese. 我们是中国人。 7.I want to buy some balloons for ______. 我想买些气球送给他。 8. These are ______ photos. 这些是我们的照片。 9. _____ like ______ very much. 他们非常喜欢它。 10. Let _____ give _____ a book. 让我给你一本书。

初中英语语法知识—名词的分类汇编附答案

一、选择题 1．My sister and I like eating two _______ and some _______ for dinner. They are really delicious. A．salad; eggs B．salads; eggs C．salad; eggs D．salads; egg 2．________the________Mike’ s and Jack’s? A．Is, rooms B．Are, room C．Are, rooms D．Is, room 3．Is it a picture_________ your school? A．of B．to C．and D．with 4．There are two________ near our school. A．shoe shops B．shoes shops C．shoe's shops D．shoes' shops 5．—What does your mother have for dinner？ — A．Chickens and tomato B．Chicken and tomatoes．C．Chicken and tomato．6．There________some water in the bottle. A．is B．am C．are D．be 7．—Kate, I will go to the Guangzhou Zoo next week, because I will have a ________ holiday —You mean you can have ________ off? Oh, that’s great! A．three-day; three days B．three- day; three days’ C．three days’; three-day D．three days; three days 8．—Tom likes soccer.What club can he join? —He can join the ______ club. A．sport B．music C．sports D．swimming 9．—What is your _______, Lingling? —I really enjoy reading _______ stories at night. A．interests; interesting B．interests; interest C．interest; interesting D．interesting; interest 10．—What can I do for you? —Err, I want a glass of milk, some bread and . A．some chickens B．any chicken C．some chicken 11．_______mother usually cooks for_______ at the weekend. A．Lily and Nick; their B．Lily's and Nick's; them C．Lily and Nick's; their D．Lily and Nick's; them 12．—Do you think it is _______good advice? —Yes, it’s really _______useful suggestion. A．a; an B．/; a C．a; a D．/; an 13．—Could you please give me ____? —Certainly. A．some advices B．any advices

初中英语语法精讲精练

David

一名词的分类： 1.名词可以分为专有名词和普通名词，专有名词是某个（些）人，地方，机构等专有的名称，如Beijing，China等。普通名词是一类人或东西或是一个抽象概念的名词，如：book，sadness等。普通名词又可分为下面四类：1）个体名词：表示某类人或东西中的个体，如：gun。 2）集体名词：表示若干个个体组成的集合体，如：family。 3）物质名词：表示无法分为个体的实物，如：air。 4）抽象名词：表示动作、状态、品质、感情等抽象概念，如：work。 二，名词变复数： 2 名词复数的不规则变化1）child---children foot---feet tooth---teeth mouse---mice man---men woman---women 注意：由一个词加man 或woman构成的合成词，其复数形式也是-men 和-women，如an Englishman，two Englishmen。但German不是合成词，故复数形式为Germans；Bowman是姓，其复数是the Bowmans。 2）单复同形，如deer，sheep，fish，Chinese，Japanese ，li，jin，yuan，two li，three mu，four jin等。但除人民币的元、角、分外，美元、英镑、法郎等都有复数形式。如：a dollar, two dollars; a meter, two meters。 3）集体名词，以单数形式出现，但实为复数。例如： people police cattle 等本身就是复数，不能说a people，a police，a cattle，但可以说a person，a policeman，a head of cattle, the English，the British，the French，the Chinese，the Japanese，the Swiss 等名词，表示国民总称时，作复数用，如The Chinese are industries and brave.中国人民是勤劳勇敢的。 4）以s结尾，仍为单数的名词，如： a. maths，politics，physics等学科名词，一般是不可数名词，为单数。 b. news 为不可数名词。 c. the United States，the United Nations 应视为单数。 The United Nations was organized in 1945. 联合国是1945年组建起来的。 d. 以复数形式出现的书名，剧名，报纸，杂志名，也可视为单数。例如： "The Arabian Nights" is a very interesting story-book. 《一千零一夜》是一本非常有趣的故事书。 5）表示由两部分构成的东西，如：glasses （眼镜）trousers,clothes等，若表达具体数目，要借助数量词pair（对，双）;suit（套）; a pair of glasses; two pairs of trousers等。 6）另外还有一些名词，其复数形式有时可表示特别意思，如：goods货物，waters水域，fishes（各种）鱼。 物质名词和抽象名词可以借助单位词表一定的数量，如a glass of water 一杯水/ a piece of advice一则建议。 5. 定语名词的复数 名词作定语一般用单数，但也有以下例外。 1) 用复数作定语。例如： sports meeting 运动会students reading-room 学生阅览室talks table 谈判桌the foreign languages department 外语系2）man, woman, gentleman等作定语时，其单复数以所修饰的名词的单复数而定。 例如：men workers women teachers gentlemen officials 3）有些原有s结尾的名词，作定语时，s保留。例如： goods train （货车）arms produce武器生产customs papers 海关文件clothes brush 衣刷4）数词+名词作定语时，这个名词一般保留单数形式。例如： two-dozen eggs两打鸡蛋 a ten-mile walk 十英里路two-hundred trees 两百棵树 a five-year plan.一个五年计划

初中英语语法知识—名词的专项训练答案(5)

一、选择题 1．She ______ her______every evening at home. A．does；homework B．does；homeworks C．do；homework D．do；homeworks 2．Is it a picture_________ your school? A．of B．to C．and D．with 3．There are two________ near our school. A．shoe shops B．shoes shops C．shoe's shops D．shoes' shops 4．—Do you know Shanghai is one of _______ in the world? —Yes, it’s bigger than _______ city in China. A．the biggest city; any B．the biggest cities; any C．the biggest cities; any other D．the biggest cities; the other 5．There________some water in the bottle. A．is B．am C．are D．be 6．These are some photos of ________ bedroom. What a tidy and comfortable room! A．Jerry’s and Jenny’s B．Jerry and Jenny’s C．Jerry’s sand Jenny 7．Here_______some of the results. Most students think_______are cheaper than cars. A．is; the bike B．are; bikes C．are; the bike D．is; bikes 8．Look! The Chinese national basketball team ________ a face-to-face interview with their fans in the hall. How excited the fans are! A．is having B．are having C．have D．has 9．—It’s convenie nt(方便的) to travel from Suzhou to Shanghai by car? —Yes. It’s said that_________is enough. A．two hours drive B．two-hours drive C．two hour’s drive D．two hours’ drive 10．— How much are the __________? — Eight yuan a kilo. A．broccoli B．potatoes C．beef D．bread 11．It's about ten __________ walk from here. A．minutes' B．minute's C．minutes D．minute of 12．Alan usually goes to Harbin in .He likes playing with snow. A．May B．July C．September D．November 13．________ your reading speed, or you can’t finish th e English reading materials in ________ limited time. A．Increase; 100 minutes’B．To increase; a 100-minute C．Increasing; 100-minutes’14．When National Day comes, we have a ____ holiday. A．seven-day B．seven-days C．seven days

中考英语语法专题训练 名词(含答案)

中考语法专题训练(一) 名词 Ⅰ.单项选择 1.[2018·泰州] About how to achieve a balance between hobbies and schoolwork, Justin asked me for my . A.position B.attention C.suggestion D.introduction 2.[2018·宿迁] Wu Wei, a young artist, has received high from the art community for this sculptures. A.pride B.praise C.promise D.progress 3.[2018·盐城] Please give me some on how to spend the coming weekend. A.space B.advice C.praise D.courage 4.[2018·扬州] The Queqiao satellite(卫星) will form a bridge between controllers on Earth and the far side of the Moon. A.contribution https://www.sodocs.net/doc/3d2044245.html,munication C.celebration https://www.sodocs.net/doc/3d2044245.html,petition 5.[2018·常州]Lights are out. The concert is to begin. The fans hold their breath for Jay Chou’s. A.influence B.guidance C.experience D.appearance 6.[2018·南京]—Do you have this T-shirt in a small ? —I’m afraid not. It only comes in medium. A.size B.colour C.material D.taste 7.[2018·莱芜]Stephen Hawking’s story gives me much to face all kinds of difficulties. A.chance B.wealth C.courage D.decision 8.[2018·铜仁]—What would you like to drink? —I’d like three . A.bottles of waters B.bottle of waters C.bottle of water D.bottles of water 9.[2018·北部湾] The woman in a hat is aunt. A.Jack and John B.Jack’s and John C.Jack’s and John’s D.Jack and John’s 10.[2018·本溪]—Your is quite good. You must be from an English-speaking country. —Thanks, but I’m from China.

初中英语语法时态精讲版

初中英语语法时态精讲版 Prepared on 24 November 2020

初中英语动词时态精讲 一般现在时 一、动词的第三人称词尾变化： 当主语是第三人称单数时，谓语动词需加-s或-es： 注意：动词have的第三人称单数是has. 二. 一般现在时的用法 1）表示经常的或习惯性的动作，常与表示频度的副词连用。常用的频度副词有： always、often、 usually、seldom、never。频度副词在句中通常放在行为动词之前，系动词、助动词之后。 例如: He often goes swimming in summer.他夏天经常游泳。 I usually leave home for school at 7 every morning. 每天早上我七点离开家。 2）表示现在的状态。 例如：My father is at is very busy. 我父亲在工作，他很忙。 The boy is twelve. 这男孩十二岁。 3）表示主语具备的性格、特征和能力等。 例如：All my family love football .我全家人都喜欢足球。My sister is always ready to help others . 我妹妹总是乐于助人。 Ann writes good English but does not speak well. 安英语写得不 错，讲的可不行。

4)表示客观真理，客观存在，自然现象。 例如：The earth moves around the sun. 地球绕太阳转动。 Shanghai lies in the east of China. 上海位于中国东部。 5）表示按计划或安排好的，或将要发生的动作，可用一般现在时表将来。但只限于start,begin,leave,go,come,arrive,return,take place等。 例如：The train leaves at six tomorrow morning. 火车明天上午六点开。 He comes back tonight. 他今晚回来。 6）在复合句中，当主句是一般将来时，时间或条件状语从句的谓语动词只能用一般现在时来表示将来要发生的动作。 例如： I'll tell him the news when he comes back. 他回来时，我将告诉他这个消息。 If you take the job , they will talk with you in greater details. 如果你接受这份工作，他们将和你谈谈细节。 一般过去时 1）表示过去某个时间所发生的动作或存在的状态。常和表示过去的时间状语yesterday, last week, an hour ago,just now, the other day, in 1982等连用。在一般过去式中，要表达“过多少时间之后”，一般用after。几年后。例如：Where did you go just now 刚才你上哪儿去了

初中英语语法专项练习题之名词

学习必备欢迎下载 初中英语语法专项练习题之名词 一. ( ) 1 She was very happy. She in the maths test. A. makes a few mistake B. made a few mistakes C. made few mistakes D. makes few mistake ( ) 2 We need some more____. Can you go and get some, please? A. potato B. potatos C. potatoes D. potatoe ( ) 3 _____are ____for cutting things. A. Knife/used B. Knives/used B. C. Knife/using D. Knives/using ( ) 4 What big____ the tiger has! A. tooth B. teeth C. tooths D. toothes ( ) 5 Please remember to give the horse some tree___. A. leafs B. leaves C. leaf D. leave ( ) 6 -Can we have some ___?-Yes, please. A. banana B. oranges C. apple D. pear ( ) 7 On the table there are five____. A. tomatos B. piece of tomatoes C. tomatoes D. tomato 二. ( ) 1 They got much ___ from those new books. A. ideas B. photos C. information D. stories ( ) 2 He gave us____ on how to keep fit. A. some advices B. some advice C .an advice D. a advice ( ) 3 When we saw his face, we knew___ was bad. A. some news B. a news C. the news D. news ( ) 4 What___ lovely weather it is! A. / B. the C. an D. a 三 ( ) 1 -Would you like___tea? -No, thanks. I have drunk two____. A. any, bottles of orange B. some, bottles of orange C. many, bottles of oranges D. few, bottle of oranges ( ) 2 He is hungry. Give him ___ to eat. A. two breads B. two piece of bread C. two pieces of bread D. two pieces of breads ( ) 3 It really took him:___ to draw the nice horse. A. sometimes B. hour C. long time D. some time ( ) 4 I would like to have___. A. two glasses of milk D. two glass of milks B. two glass of milk C. two glasses of milks ( ) 5 Can you give me ____? A. a tea B. some cup of tea C. a cup tea D. a cup of tea ( ) 6 Please give me ___ paper. A. one B. a piece C. a D. a piece of ( ) 7 John bought ___for himself yesterday. A. two pairs of shoes B. two pair of shoe C. two pair of shoes D. two pairs shoes 4 ( ) 1 -How many ___have you got on your farm? -I've got five. A. sheeps B. sheep C. pig D. chicken ( ) 2 Some __came to our school for a visit that day. A. Germans B. Germen C. Germany D. Germanies ( ) 3 In the picture there are many__and two. A. sheep; foxes C. sheeps ; foxes B. sheeps ; fox D. sheep; foxs ( ) 4 A group of______ will visit the museum tomorrow. A. Hungarian B. Australian C. Japanese D. American 五 ( ) 1 This table is made of___. A. many glass B. glasses C. some glasses D. glass ( ) 2 -What would you like to have for lunch, sir? -I'd like____. ! A. chicken B. a chicken C. chickens D. the chicken ( )3 Children should make ____for old people in a bus. A. room B. a room C. rooms D. the room 六 ( ) 1 Tables are made of___. A. wood B. some woods C. wooden D. woods ( ) 2 I wonder why ______ are so interested in action (武打片) films. A. people B. peoples C. the people D. the peoples ( ) 3I have read____ of the young writer. A. works B. work C. this works D. the works 七 ( ) 1 Let's meet at 7: 30 outside the gate of___? A. the People's Park B. the Peoples' Park C .the People Park D. People's Park

中考英语语法专题教案---名词

专题一名词 一、名词的数 名词分为可数名词和不可数名词两大类。大多数名词为可数名词，有单复数之分；而不可数名词则没有复数形式。可数名词的复数有两种变化。 1、规则变化 变化例词 ○1一般情况下在词尾直接加s ruler → rulers ；park → parks ○2以s、x、sh、ch 结尾的，在词尾加es bus → buses ；box → boxes ；watch → ○1 ○3以f、fe 结尾的，把f、fe 变成v，再加es thief → thieves ；wife → ○2 ○4以辅音字母加y 结尾的，变y 为i，再加es family → families ；factory → ○3 ○5以字母o 结尾的，有时加s，有时加es photo → photos ；hero → heroes （１）巧记以f、fe 结尾，把f、fe 变成v，再加es 的词： 半片（half）树叶（leaf）自己（self）黄，妻子（wife）拿刀（knife）去杀狼（wolf），架（shelf）后小偷（thief）逃命（life）忙。 （２）巧记以o 结尾后加es 的词： 黑人（Negro）英雄（hero）爱吃土豆（potato）和西红柿（tomato）。 （３）巧记以o 结尾后加s 的词： 广播（radio）录像（video）动物园（zoo），钢琴（piano）袋鼠（kangaroo）照相片（photo）。２、不规则变化 有些名词变复数时属于不规则变化，这种变化主要是通过改变单词中的某个字母或在词尾加后缀构成的。 oo → ee foot → feet ；tooth → ○4；goose → geese a → e man → men ；woman → women ；policeman → ○5；Frenchwoman → Frenchwomen 词尾加ren child → children 特殊变化mouse → mice 不变化sheep；deer；Japanese；Chinese；people 巧记单复数形式相同的名词： 人（people）在中国（Chinese）、日本（Japanese）和瑞士（Swiss）喜爱绵羊（sheep）、鹿（deer）和鱼（fish）。 ３、常以复数形式出现的名词 pants（裤子）glasses（眼镜）clothes（衣服） trousers（裤子）shoes（鞋）socks（袜子） stockings（长筒袜）jeans（牛仔）shorts（短裤） scissors（剪刀）chopsticks（筷子）goods（货物） 这些名词在句中作复数使用，其作主语时谓语动词用复数形式，如： The shoes under the bed are mine. 在床底下的鞋是我的。 ４、集体名词 集体名词表示同一类人或事物的许多个体的总称。如果作为集体来看，谓语动词用单数；若指每一个成员，谓语动词用复数。这类词有： family （家），people （人），police （警察），class（班），team（队），group（小组）。 如： The class has a map of the world on the wall. 这个班墙上有一幅世界地图。 The class are playing football on the playground. 这个班正在操场上踢足球。 二、不可数名词及其量的表示法

初中英语语法-----主谓一致---(附练习题和答案)

初中英语语法-----主谓一致---(附练习题和答案)

初中英语语法精讲精练：主谓一致 主谓一致是指谓语动词与主语在人称和数上保持一致。表现在三个方面：语法 一致；意义一致；就近一致（就近原则）。 一、语法一致(意义一致)：主语复数---- 谓语复数；主语单数----- 谓语单数 1、主语复数的情况---- 谓复 ⑴people, police, staff, crowd, sheep, cattle等集体名词作主语，谓语动词用复数形式。 The police are waiting for the boy. The staff are dressed as clowns. ⑵由both…and…连接两个单数名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式； Both his father and his mother are both teachers. 他的爸爸和妈妈都是 老师。 ⑶“定冠词+姓氏复数形式”表示一家人时，谓语一般用复数。 The Smiths are having dinner. ⑷the ＋a. 表一类人，做主语，谓语用复数；但表示抽象概念时，用单数形式： The poor aren’t always very sad, while the rich aren’t always happy. The beautiful lives forever. 美是永存的。 2、主语单数的情况----- 谓单 ⑴单数名词(代词)，不可数名词作主语时，谓语用单数形式： Some water is in the bottle. The boy is playing football on the playground. ⑵many a+单数名词作主语，意义虽为“许多”，但谓语要用单数形式： Many a student has been to Shanghai.

初中英语语法名词专项习题

初中英语语法专项习题－－名词 ( ) 1 She was very happy. She—— in the maths test. A. makes a few mistake B. made a few mistakes C. made few mistakes D. makes few mistake ( ) 2 We need some more____. Can you go and get some, please？ A. potato B. potatos C. potatoes D. potatoe ( ) 3 _____are____for cutting things. A. Knife/used B. Knives/used C. Knife/using D. Knives/using ( ) 4 What big____ the tiger has! A. tooth B. teeth C. tooths D. toothes ( ) 5 Please remember to give the horse some tree___. A. leafs B. leaves C. leaf D. leave ( ) 6 -Can we have some ___？ -Yes, please.

A. banana B. oranges D. pear ( ) 7 On the table there are five____. A. tomatos B. piece of tomatoes C. tomatoes D. tomato 2 ( ) 1 They got much ___ from those new books. A. ideas B. photos C. information D. stories ( ) 2 He gave us____ on how to keep fit. A. some advices B. some advice C. an advice D. a advice ( ) 3 When we saw his face, we knew___ was bad. A. some news B. a news C. the news P. news ( ) 4 What___ lovely weather it is! A. / B. the C. an D. a 3 ( ) 1 -Would you like___tea？ -No, thanks. I have drunk two____.

中考英语语法知识点总结名词与代词

中考英语语法知识点总结：名词与代词 名词 名词复数的特殊变化。 普通名词的复数我们知道是直接加-s或 -es〃 a. class, box, watch, brush等词以 s, x, ch, sh, 结尾〃复数要加-es; b. story, factory 等以"辅音字母+y"结尾的词复数要先将-y 变成-i再加-es; c. knife, wife, life等以-f 或-fe结尾的词一般先将-f或-fe 变为-v, 再加-es; d. 以-o结尾的名词〃一般来说〃末尾是"元音字母+o" 的词加-s〃我们学过的有radio,zoo。末尾是"辅音字母+o"的词〃变复数加-es。如：tomato, hero, potato〃当然其中的piano 和photo〃又是一个例外〃他们的结尾只能加-s。 e. child(children), foot(feet), tooth(teeth), mouse(mice), man(men ), woman(women )等词的复数变化全不遵循规则。 注意：与 man 和 woman构成的合成词〃其复数形式也是 -men 和-women。如：an Englishman〃two Englishmen. 但German不是合成词〃故复数形式为 Germans; f. deer〃sheep等词单复数同形。 people〃police〃cattle 等词〃以单数形式出现〃但实为复数〃所以它们的谓语当然也是复数形式〃这就是集体名词。the English〃the French〃the Chinese 等名词表示国民总称时〃也作复数用。

注意：maths〃politics〃physics等学科名词,虽然以-s结尾〃仍为不可数名词。还有theUnited States(美国)〃the United Nations(联合国)等应视为单数。 别奇怪，名词有时也可以作定语的。它作定语时一般用单数，但也有以下例外。 a. man, woman等作定语时〃它的单复数以其所修饰的名词的单复数而定。如：men workers〃 women teachers。 b. 数词+名词作定语时〃这个名词一般保留单数形式,中间加连字符。如：a ten-mile walk十里路〃two-hundred trees 两百棵树。代词 代词中第一个“小个性”就是物主代词。像my和mine这两个小冤家总是让人分不清谁是谁。但你只要记住它们最重要的区别—my的后面一定要接名词〃不可以单独出现〃只能做定语〃如：my father;而 mine则是名词性〃只能单独出现〃在句中做主语和表语。如：Mine is green. It's mine. 记住这两个句子〃凡是名词性物主代词(yours, hers, his, its, ours, theirs)就都可以放在mine的位置上了。 代词的第二个“罗嗦”就是它有一个小跟班-self(selves)—反身代词〃也就是表示“自己、亲自”的意思。关于反身代词〃需要注意的是她不能单独做主语〃但可以放在人称代词后面〃做同位语。如：Marry herself said so. 玛丽她自己这么说的。 Of+名词性物主代词：