定语从句讲义(个人精心整理)

一．定语从句定义及相关术语

1.定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的

先行词之后。

2.先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。

3.关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。

关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等；

关系副词有when, where, why等。

关系词通常有下列三个作用：A.引导定语从句B.代替先行词,C.在定语从句中担当一个成分二．关系代词表格

例如：（注意关系代词在定语从句中所充当的成分）

① Do you know the professor who/that will give us a speech next week? （作主语）

② I read a report about his new novel that/ which will soon be published. （作主语）

③ The plan that/which they argued about was settled at last. （作宾语）

④ This is the new secretary (who/whom/that) I would like to introduce to you. （作宾语）

⑤ The soldier whose legs were badly wounded was operated on without delay. （作定语）三．6个关系代词的用法

1）关系代词that和which的用法

which, that 在代替物时，一般可以通用。

His father works in a factory that/which makes TV sets.

The coat (which/that) I put on the desk is black.

▲但在有些情况下，只用that

1.先行词是最高级形容词或它的前面有最高级形容词修饰时。

① This is the best way that has been used against pollution.

② English is the most difficult subject that you will learn during these years.

2.先行词是序数词，或它前面有一个序数词时。

① This is the last place (that) I want to visit.

② It is the first American movie of this kind that I’ve ever seen.

3.先行词是all, much, little, something, everything, anything, nothing, none,any, few, little, no, all, much, every等不定代词时。

① You should hand in all that you have.

② We haven’t got much that we can o ffer you.

③The little money (that) he had was stolen.

4.先行词前面有the only, the very,等修饰时。

The only thing that we can do is to give you some money.

5.先行词既有人又有物时。

Do you know the things and persons that they are talking about?

6.主句已有疑问词which时。避免重复使用

Which is the bike that you lost?

7.that 在定语从句中作表语

Mary is no longer the girl that she used to be.

▲不用that的情况

①引导非限定性定语从句时。例如：

He takes exercise everyday, which has done a lot of good to his health.

②介词后不能用。

We depend on the land from which we get our food.

▲有些情况只用which

①引导非限定性定语从句修饰某物或整个句子。

Bruce went towards the fire, which was still smoking.

Tom came back late, which made his parents very angry.

②关系代词作介词的宾语。This is the house in which Lu Xun once lived.

2）关系代词who和whom的用法

who指人，在句中作主语和宾语，作宾语可省略。

Whom指人，在句中只能作宾语，可省略，但在介词后面不能省略。

She has a brother who worked at that factory ten years ago.

The doctor who/whom/that /x she went to the United States with last month is very famous. =The doctor with whom she went to the United States last month is very famous.

3）关系代词whose的用法

⑴ whose是代词的所有格，它既可以代人也可以代物。

① I saw a woman whose bag was stolen.

② Please show me the book whose cover is red.

⑵当whose表示物与物的所有格关系时，亦可用of which的形式。

① The building whose roof you can see from here is a new restaurant.

→ The building, the roof of which you can see from here, is a new restaurant.或

→ The building, of which the roof you can see from he re is a new restaurant.

4）关系代词as的用法

先行词前有such、the same时关系代词用as

I’ve never heard such stories as he tells.

He is not such a fool as he looks.

This is the same dictionary as I lost last week.

5）关系副词的用法

含义相当于\"介词+ which\"结构，因此常常和\"介词+ which\"结构交替使用

关系副词引导的定语从句

① when 指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。

I still remember the day when I first came to this school.

The time when we got together finally arrived.

② where 指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。

Shanghai is the city where I was born.

The house where I lived ten years ago has been pulled down.

③why 指原因，在定语从句中作原因状语。

Please tell me the reason why you missed the plane.

when=on which where=in which reason=for which

The day when /on which I met him first was May 1st.

This is the house where/in which I lived two years ago.

I don’t know the reason why /for which he didn’t come.

.并非先行词表示时间或地点时都分别用when或where来引导相应的定语从句，若关系词在修饰表示时间或地点的先行词的定语从句中充当主语、宾语等而不是状语时，需用which或that引导相应的定语从句。

Do you still remember the days which/that we spent together in school? 先行词the days表时间，但是其定语从句的引导词在定语从句中作宾语而不是状语，因此不能用when而应该用which或that。

This is the day when I joined the party/which he spent reading the books/which I still never forget. This is the place where I found the book./ which we once visited/which I will never forget/which I am looking for

This is the reason why he was late /that he gave at the meeting for his being late.

④.以the way为先行词的限制性定语从句通常由in which或that引导，而且通常可以省略。The way (that / in which ) he answered the questions was surprising.

I don’t like the way (that / in which) you laugh at her.

四．介词+关系代词

关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾语时，从句常常由“介词+关系代词”引出。

介词+which（指事）介词+whom（指人）

①The school (which / that) he once studied in is very famous.

The school in which he once studied is very famous.

②Tomorrow I’ll bring here the magazine (which / that) you asked for.

Tomorrow I’ll bring here the magazine for which you asked.

③This is the boy (whom / who / that) I played tennis with yesterday.

This is the boy with whom I played tennis with yesterday.

④We’ll go to hear the famous singer (whom / who / that) we have often talked about.

We’ll go to hear the famous singer about whom we have often talked.

⑤The boss whose company I work in pays much attention to improving our working conditions. The boss in whose company I work pays much attention to improving our working conditions. 若介词放在关系代词前，关系代词指人时只可用whom，不可用who, that；关系代词指物时只可用which，不可用that。关系代词是所有格时用whose。

The man with whom you talked just now is my neighbour.

The plane in which we flew to Canada was really comfortable.

五．代词/数词+介词+关系代词

some, any, none, all, both, neither, many, most, each, few等代词或者数词。如：

①He loves his parents deeply, both of whom are very kind to him.

②In the basket there are quite many apples, some of which have gone bad.

③There are forty students in our class in all, most of whom are from big cities.

④Up to now, he has written ten stories, three of which are about country life.

六．限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句

限制性定语从句

形式上：不用逗号“，”与主句隔开。

意义上：是先行词不可缺少的定语，如删除，主句则失去意义或意思表达不完整。

译法上：译成先行词的定语：“．．．的”

关系词的使用上：A．作宾语时可省略B．可用that C．可用who 代替whom

非限制性定语从句

形式上：用逗号“，”与主句隔开。

意义上：只是对先行词的补充说明，如删除，主句仍能表达完整的意思。

译法上：通常译成主句的并列句。

关系词的使用上：A．不可省略B．不用that C．不可用who 代替whom

限制性定语从句举例：

The teacher told me that Tom was the only person that I could depend on. 老师告诉我说汤姆是我唯一的可以依靠的人。

China is a country which has a long history. 中国是一个历史悠久的国家。

In the street I saw a man who was from Africa. 在街上我看到一个来自非洲的人。

非限制性定语从句举例：

His mother, who loves him very much, is strict with him. 他妈妈十分地爱他，对他要求很严格。China, which was founded in 1949, is becoming more and more powerful. 中国是1949年成立的，现在正变得越来越强大。

Last summer I visited the People’s Great Hall, in which many important meetings are held every y ear. 去年夏天，我参观了人民大会堂，在那儿每年都要举行许多重要会议。

七．As 和which引导非限定性定语从句的辨析关系。

关系代词as 和which都能引导非限定性定语从句代表整个句子的内容，as 引导的从句可位于句首或句末，which引导的定语从句则不能位于句首。As语义“正如”

▲He was late again, as / which we had expected. =As we had expected, he was late again.

▲The street hasn’t been cleared for weeks, which makes it very dirty.

As has already been pointed out, English is rather difficult for a foreigner.

She has been late again, as was expected.

▲She has married again, as was expected. She has married again, which was unexpected.

八．关系代词在从句中作主语时，从句中的主谓一致

关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词在人称和数上应与先行词一致。

▲Who is the guy that is reading over there?

The number of people that are going to the exhibition is expected to be over 25,000.

All that needs to be done has been done.

▲He is one of the students who use computer a lot for study.

Timmy is the only one of the pupils that has failed the exam.

九．定语从句与强调结构

It is the place where they lived before.

It is in the place that they lived before.

第一个句子为定语从句，where指代the place，在定语从句中作状语，第二个句子为强调结构，强调in the place, that没有意义，把放回后面句子，句子意思完整。

Where is it that he found the lost watch? (强调句型，强调疑问副词where.)

Where is the watch he found yesterday? (定语从句，that指代the watch.)

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模块简介 ☆主要应用：本模块主要考察引导词的应用,随着高考英语的改革,英语语法的考点也有所改变,现在主要应用在短文改错和语法填空中 ☆模块等级：本模块难度中等,学生的基础稍微弱一些也可以接受,基础弱的学生需要5-8课时（2h/课）不等,中等学生3课时（2h/课）可以基本掌握,基础好的学生1-2课时（2h/课）可以搞定 ☆知识分布：每节课需要先讲解10个高考重点词汇辨析,之后讲解语法知识,语法知识中的例句与练习题可以相应练习本堂课程中的重点词汇,从而达到复习的效果 ☆习题分布：习题包括08-14年高考题,辽宁省模拟题并且平均练习各个考点 ☆通关确保：本部分习题为课后作业,分为牛刀小试,略有所成,炉火纯青等不同难度的单项选择还包括语法填空与短文改错从而达到最高效的练习 ☆易混模块：本模块容易与名词性从句状语从句混淆,所以三大从句讲解完毕之后会配有知识点总结与 习题练习

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高中定语从句讲义

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定语从句课堂笔记

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定语从句讲义与练习.doc

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初二英语定语从句知识点归纳

初二英语定语从句知识点归纳 导读：我根据大家的需要整理了一份关于《初二英语定语从句知识点归纳》的内容，具体内容：定语从句是在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句。那么初二英语定语从句结构归纳有哪些?下面是我分享给大家的初二英语定语从句知识点，希望大家喜欢!初二英语定语从句知识点... 定语从句是在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句。那么初二英语定语从句结构归纳有哪些?下面是我分享给大家的初二英语定语从句知识点，希望大家喜欢! 初二英语定语从句知识点 一名词性从句: 1. 主要包括主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句和同位语从句. 一般由that 引起,也可由who, what, when, why, which,whom, whether, how 引起. 2. 主语从句很多情况下都可以放到句子后面,而用代词it作形式上的主语. : 3. 形式宾语 4. 由名词性关系代词whatever, whoever, whichever 等引起的宾语从句 5. whether and if 都能引导从句, 但用法有所不同. 当主语从句直接位于句首时,应用whether,而不用if. Whether 后能直接or not, 但if 不能.

Whether he will come or not isnot known. 6. 在名词reason后的表语从句必须用that引导, 不可误用 because. The reason why he is often latefor class is that he has the bad habit of getting up late in the morning. 二:定语从句 1. 引导定语从句的关系词有who, whom, whose, that, when,where, why and which. 在非限制定语从句中, 只可用which, who, whose, where ,when., 如果指代前面整个句子, 多用which. 2. 当引导定语从句的先行词前有all, any, no, little, much,very first 等词, 或先行词前为形容词最高级所修饰时,或先行词为all, anything, nothing,something, everything 时,从句的引导词只能用that. 3. as 可做引导词引导定语从句, 多和such, the same 连用. As 引导的定语从句也可修饰整个句子, 既可放在先行词后,也可放在句子开头. 4. 介词+which/whom/whose从句 5. 代/名+介词+which 从句 6. 同位语从句和定语从句 三、定语从句的关系词 引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词，常见的关系代词包括that， which， who(宾格whom，所有格whose)等，关系副词包括where，when， why等。关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用，同时又作定语从句的重要成分。

初中定语从句讲义

定语从句 用来修饰名词的叫定语。 a pretty girl a girl in red a girl standing in the living room. a girl who is standing in the living room is lucy I like the girls who can play the guitar. ] 形容词修饰名词通常位于名词之前作前置定语；名词之后的介词短语作后置定语； 理解定语从句要把握住两个关键词：先行词、关系代词（关系副词） ★当先行词指人时,关系代词可以用who,that,whose,whom. 关系代词的作用:一指代先行词； 二在主句和从句中作引导词； 三在从句中作主语/宾语/定语。 （who和that在从句中既可以作主语，也可以作宾语；whom在从句中只能作宾语；whose在从句中只能作定语，即whose后面加名词） * Garmen likes musicians who play different kinds of music. She is the girl (who)I love very much. I love the book which my father bought for me last week very much. Do you know the girl whose hair is long Linda,whose English is very good,is always helpful. ★当先行词指物时,关系代词可以用which/that(which和that在从句中既可以作主语,也可以作宾语) I don’t like the people that speak much but do little. / The little boy (that)he is watching is lovely boy. ★当先行词指地点时,关系副词可以用where,wherer在定语从句中充当地点状语； This is a place where kids can play with sand. My uncle went to the town where he was born. It has to be a place where we can do lots of exercise. ★当先行词指时间时,关系副词可以用when,when在定语从句中充当时间状语；I’ll never forget the time when we worked on the farm.

定语从句笔记整理

授课人：Prof. Wooden Part 1 定语从句定义及概述 什么是定语从句？ (1)定语从句：在复合句中作定语修饰主句中某一名 词或代词的从句叫定语从句。 (2)先行词：被定语从句修饰的词，叫做先行词。 (3)关系词：分为关系代词和关系副词，在从句中担当一定成分。 will never forget the girl（先行词） that（关系词） I met yesterday in the street （定语从句）. ※定语从句两个必须 ★先行词在从句中必须作一个成分； ★先行词所作的成分必须空缺。 Part 2 关系代词引导的定语从句 1. 关系代词that的用法 用法：既可指人也可指物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语，作宾语时常可省略。 1)This is the factory that produces cars.(作主语,指物) 2)The girl that spoke to me just now is my classmate. (作主语,指人) 3)The film (that) we saw yesterday is interesting. (作宾语，指物) ※关系代词that的特权和禁区 1. 特权：行使特权的条件： （1）限定性定语从句（即从句前无逗号）； （2）介词没有提前。 2. 禁区：

有两种情况下，关系代词不会用that,指物时用which；指人时用who/whom。 （1）非限定性定于从句（即从句前有逗号）； （2）介词提前时。 2.关系代词which的用法 用法：指物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语，作宾语时常可省略。 1)China is a country which has a long history.(作主语) 2)The car (which) my uncle had just bought was destroyed in the earthquake. (作宾语) ※只用that 不用which的情况： (1)先行词是最高级或被最高级修饰。 This is the best book that I have ever read. (2)先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰。 The first book that I bought was about how to learn English. (3)先行词是all, much, little, none, few 等不定代词或由some, any, every, no等词构成的复合代词时） I did all that I could do at that time. There was little that the doctor could do for the patient. (4)当先行词被the only, the very修饰时。 The only thing that he can do is to say sorry to her. (5)先行词既有人又有物。 Do you know the things and persons that they are talking about? (6)主句已有疑问词who/ which时。 Which is the book that you like? Who is the woman that was praised at the meeting? Which is the T-shirt that fits me most? (7)当先行词在主句中作表语，而关系词在从句中也作表语时。 He is no longer the man that he was ten years ago. ※只用which不用that引导定语从句的情况： (1)当关系代词前有介词时。 A desert is a great plain in which nothing will grow. (2)引导非限制性定语从句时。 The students was late for class 7 times a week, which made her teacher mad. (3)一个句子中有两个定语从句时，为避免重复，一个用that，另一个宜用which。 (4)当先行词本身是that时。 That which I had known about made them surprised. 3.关系代词who的用法 用法：指人，在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语，作宾语时常可省略。 1)I know the man who spoke to you just now.(作主语) 2)She is not the girl who she was.(作表语) 4.关系代词whom的用法

完整版定语从句讲义个人精心整理

?定语从句定义及相关术语 1.定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的 先行词之后。 2.先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。 3.关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。 关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等; 关系副词有when, where, why 等。 关系词通常有下列三个作用： A.引导定语从句 B.代替先行词，C.在定语从句中担当一个成分.关系代词表格

例如：(注意关系代词在定语从句中所充当的成分) ①Do you know the pro fessor who/that will give us a sp eech next week? ②I read a report about his new novel that/ which will soon be p ublished. ③The plan that/which they argued about was settled at last. (作宾语) ④This is the new secretary (who/whom/that) I would like to in troduce to you. ⑤The soldier whose legs were badly woun ded was op erated on without delay. 三.6个关系代词的用法 1 )关系代词that禾n which 的用法 which, that在代替物时，一般可以通用。 His father works in a factory that/which makes TV sets. The coat (which/that) I put on the desk is black. ▲但在有些情况下，只用that 1.先行词是最高级形容词或它的前面有最高级形容词修饰时。 ①This is the best way that has bee n used aga inst p olluti on. ②En glish is the most difficult subject that you will lear n duri ng these years. 2.先行词是序数词，或它前面有一个序数词时。 ①This is the last p lace (that) I want to visit. ②It is the first America n movie of this kind that I 3.先行词是all, much, little, someth ing, everyth ing, anything, nothing, non e,a ny, few, little, no, all, much, every 等不定代词时。 ①You should hand in all that you have. ②We haven ‘ t got much that we can ffer you. ③The little money (that) he had was stole n. 4.先行词前面有the on ly, the very,等修饰时。 The only thing that we can do is to give you some mon ey. 5.先行词既有人又有物时。 Do you know the things and persons that they are talk ing about? 6.主句已有疑问词which时。避免重复使用 Which is the bike that you lost? 7.that在定语从句中作表语 Mary is no Ion ger the girl that she used to be. （作主 语） （作宾 语） ve ever seen.

高中定语从句笔记整理教学提纲

高中定语从句笔记整 理

精品资料 高中定语从句笔记整理 一、只用that引导的定语从句 1）序数词或形容词最高级修饰先行词时，要用that。 The first English novel that I read was A Tale of Two Cities by Charles Dickens. 2)all, everything, nothing, something, anything 等不定代词作先行词时用 that。 Everything that we saw in the factory greatly interested us. 3）当先行词被all,every,no,some,any,little,much,a few等不定代词修饰时。 4）先行词既有人又有物时，要用that。 We were talking about the persons and things that we remembered in our school. 5）先行词前有the only, the very, the right, the same等修饰时，要用that。 It is the very skirt that suits me well. 6）在疑问词who、which、what开头的句子中，要用that Whoever that is content with a little progress can’t make big achievements. 7）关系代词在定语从句中作表语只用that He is no longer the man that he used to be. He is no longer what he used to be. 二、只用which引导的定语从句 1)介词后面只用which。 The house in which they lived last year has been rebuilt. 2)引导非限制性定语从句时，要用which。 He bought a railway ticket for the woman, which helped her a lot. 三、宜用as引导的定语从句 1、as 常用于the same...as, such... as , as... as和so...as 结构中。 Would you like to buy the same pen as I have? 2、As表示正如，位于句中或句首。 1)as has been said before 如前所述 仅供学习与交流，如有侵权请联系网站删除谢谢2

高三英语一轮复习---定语从句讲义

定语从句 （一）基本概念 1.由一个句子作定语，修饰句中一个名词或代词，有时也可以修饰整个句子或句中的部分内容， 这样的从句就是定语从句，被其修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。 2.关系词分为两大类，即关系代词和关系副词，其作用一是引出一个定语从句，二是代替其所修 饰的先行词，三是在句中充当某个句子成分。 关系词的分类和基本用法

本部分的内容比较复杂，为便于考生一目了然，我们试图用表格的形式呈现给考生。

当关系代词作介词宾语，且该介词不是和从句的谓语动词构成固定短语时，介词可以提前，这样就出现“介词+关系代词”。先行词指物，用“介词+which/whose”,指人则用 “介词+whom/whose”, 且两个 定语从句一般紧接被它所修饰的先行词；但有时候它和先行词之间有可能插入其他成分，使它与先行词分隔开来，这种定语从句叫作被分隔的定语从句，在阅读文章时会经常遇到这种情况，在阅读

▲定语从句与习惯句型 用一个恰当的词完成下列句子，使之完整与正确。 ①It is the first time _____ she has been in Shanghai． ②It was the time _____ Chinese people had a hard life． 解析：这里①小题是一个习惯句型，其结构为：It is／was the first／second ．．．time ＋that从句。故①填that，其意为：这是她第一次在上海。②小题the time是先行词，其后是表示时间的定语从句，故填when。 ▲定语从句与简单句 用一个恰当的词完成下列句子，使之完整与正确。 ①The mother told the lazy boy to work，_____ didn't help． ②The mother told the lazy boy to work．_____ didn't help． 解析：含有定语从句的复合句与两个单句的主要区别在于：前者有主句，有从句，必须有关系词；而后者则是两个单独的句子，不需要任何关联词。①小题两个句子用逗号连接且没有并列连词，显然应是主从句关系，因此需用关系词which，前面整个句子作先行词；②小题则填It，代替前面的整个句子。解题时，注意标点符号的运用。

初中英语定语从句笔记

定语从句 （一）、定义：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。 定语定语用来限定、修饰名词或代词的，是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语（动词不定式短语、动名词短语和分词短语）或句子，汉语中常用‘……的’表示。主要由形容词担任，此外，名词，代词，数词，分词，副词，不定式以及介词短语也可以来担任，也可以由一个句子来担任。单词作定语时通常放在它所修饰的词之前，作前置定语。短语和从句作定语时则放在所修饰的词之后，作后置定语。 定语从句是指在一个句子中作定语的句子，定语从句要放在所修饰的词后。 如：1) The man who lives next to us is a policeman. 2) You must do everything that I do. 上面两句中的man和everything是定语从句所修饰的词，叫先行词，定语从句放在先行词的后面。 引导定语从句的词有关系代词that, which, who(宾格who, 所有格whose)和关系副词where, when、why 关系词常有三个作用：1、引导定语从句2、代替先行词3、在定语从句中担当一个成分 （二）、关系代词引导的定语从句 1.who指人，在从句中做主语 (1)The boys who are playing football are from Class One. (2)Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way. 2. whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。 (1) Mr. Liu is the person (whom) you talked about. 注意：关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，可省略。 (3) The man who/whom you met just now is my friend. 3. which指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略 (1) Football is a game which is liked by most boys. ( which 在句子中做主语) (2) This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday. ( which 在句子中做宾语) 4. that指人时，相当于who或者whom；指物时，相当于which。 在宾语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。 (5) The people that/who come to visit the city are all here. (在句子中做主语) (6) Where is the man that/whom I saw this morning? (在句子中做宾语) 5. whose通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语 (1) He has a friend whose father is a doctor. (2) I lived in a house whose roof has fallen in. whose指物时，常用以下结构来代替 (3)The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired. =The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired. (5)Do you like the book whose color is yellow?

定语从句讲解总结

定语从句讲解总结 Prepared on 24 November 2020

定语从句讲解 一．定语从句 1.注意英汉差异：汉语的定语无论多长都放在被修饰词的前面，而英语中的定语则不然，是一个词时，放在被修饰词的前面， 如：①.a beautiful girl ②.a lovely boy 是两个以上的词组、短语或从句则放在被修饰词的后面， 如：③.She is the girl in red. 她就是穿红衣的女孩。 ④.The lady carried a bag full of money. 那位女士背了个装满钱的包。 ⑤.He is the man who you are looking for. 她就是你在找的人。 2.分清主句与从句，看究竟哪个句子缺少成分。 如上面第5：主句：He is the man 从句：who you are looking for 在从句中，looking for 的宾语是the man.因此选用关系代词 who(whom)放置于句首，便是定语从句。 3.从句中做宾语的关系代词可以省略，故第5题可以写成： He is the man you are looking for. 二．定语从句（从句部分） 1、功能：相当于形容词，修饰名词或代词，在句中作定语 2、位置：定语从句置于被修饰词之后 Those who are willing to attend the party, sign here please. 3、先行词：被定语从句修饰的词称为先行词 （1）先行词一般是名词和不定代词， 如:some-, any-, every-和no与-boy, -thing的合成词；或all、none、any、some、that、those等代词。 数词也可以作先行词，人称代词也同样可作先行词。 （2）先行词与关系词是等量关系。必须注意两点： ①先行词在从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的数由先行词而定。 This is the place which is worth visiting. ②关系词在从句句子中充当了成分，其意思就是先行词的意义，所以在从句中不能重复其意。 There are many places we can visit（them）in China. 4、关系词：引导定语从句的都称关系词 关系代词：which, that, who, whom, whose, as。 关系副词：when, where, why。that偶尔也作关系副词。 5、确定关系词的步骤 （1）先找关系词，看先行词指的是什么。 （2）看关系词在从句中所充当的成分。 一．关系代词which的用法 1.English is a language.

定语从句 笔记整理

定语从句 授课人：Prof. Wooden Part 1 定语从句定义及概述 什么是定语从句？ (1)定语从句：在复合句中作定语修饰主句中某一名 词或代词的从句叫定语从句。 (2)先行词：被定语从句修饰的词，叫做先行词。 (3)关系词：分为关系代词和关系副词，在从句中担当一定成分。Eg.I will never forget the girl（先行词） that（关系词） I met yesterday in the street（定语从句）. ※定语从句两个必须 ★先行词在从句中必须作一个成分； ★先行词所作的成分必须空缺。 Part 2 关系代词引导的定语从句

1. 关系代词that的用法 用法：既可指人也可指物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语，作宾语时常可省略。 1)This is the factory that produces cars.(作主语,指物) 2)The girl that spoke to me just now is my classmate. (作主语,指人) 3)The film (that) we saw yesterday is interesting. (作宾语，指物) ※关系代词that的特权和禁区 1. 特权：行使特权的条件： （1）限定性定语从句（即从句前无逗号）； （2）介词没有提前。 2. 禁区： 有两种情况下，关系代词不会用that,指物时用which；指人时用who/whom。 （1）非限定性定于从句（即从句前有逗号）； （2）介词提前时。

2.关系代词which的用法 用法：指物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语，作宾语时常可省略。 1)China is a country which has a long history.(作主语) 2)The car (which) my uncle had just bought was destroyed in the earthquake. (作宾语) ※只用that 不用which的情况： (1)先行词是最高级或被最高级修饰。 This is the best book that I have ever read. (2)先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰。 The first book that I bought was about how to learn English. (3)先行词是all, much, little, none, few 等不定代词或由some, any, every, no等词构成的复合代词时） I did all that I could do at that time. There was little that the doctor could do for the patient. (4)当先行词被the only, the very修饰时。 The only thing that he can do is to say sorry to her. (5)先行词既有人又有物。 Do you know the things and persons that they are talking about? (6)主句已有疑问词who/ which时。 Which is the book that you like?