低渗储层微观孔隙结构研究进展
第46卷第8期
当 代 化 工 Vol.46，No.8 2017年8月 Contemporary Chemical Industry August，2017 基金项目：国家科技重大专项“复杂油藏剩余油分布预测研究”基金项目，项目号：2011ZX05009-003。 收稿日期： 2016-07-01 作者简介： 栗亮（1992-），男，甘肃省庆阳市人，硕士，研究方向：油气藏开发地质。E-mail：798931067@https://www.sodocs.net/doc/361410710.html,。
低渗储层微观孔隙结构研究进展
栗亮1
，栗文2，仇文博3 （1. 中国石油大学（华东）地球科学与技术学院， 山东 青岛 266580； 2. 长安大学， 陕西 西安 710064； 3. 长庆油田分公司第十一采油厂， 甘肃 庆阳 745000）
摘 要：低渗储层微观非均质性强，微观孔隙结构高精度表征成为低渗油藏开发的难点。近年来，国内低渗储层微观孔隙结构的表征技术开始从定性向定量、二维向三维转变，出现了恒速压汞、核磁共振等定量表征技术和X-CT、FIB-SEM 等三维重构技术。理论方面也有孔隙结构模拟和分形学的发展。在阅读大量文献的基础上，指出国内低渗储层微观孔隙结构高精度表征处于起步阶段，定量测试和三维重构技术应用还不广泛，孔隙结构模拟和分形理论研究还不深入，有限样品点测试结果难以延伸到整个储层微观孔隙结构的预测。未来低渗储层微观孔隙结构的精细表征主要在于定性和定量相结合、数字岩心和孔隙结构模拟相结合、恒速压汞技术和分形理论相结合等多种理论方法综合应用。
关 键 词：低渗储层；微观孔隙结构；定量测试技术；三维重构技术；研究进展
中图分类号：TE 122 文献标识码： A 文章编号： 1671-0460（2017）08-1622-04
Research Progress of Micro-pore Structures in Low-permeability Reservoirs
LI Liang 1, LI Wen 2, QIU Wen-bo 3
（1. China University of Petroleum (East China), Shandong Qingdao 266580，China ；
2. Chang'an University, Shaanxi Xi'an 710064，China ；
3. No.11 Oil Production Plant of Changqing Oilfield Company, Gansu Qingyang 745000，China ）
Abstract : Since low-permeability reservoir possesses typical anisotropism at the micro level, high precision characterization of micro-pore structure has been the difficulty in low-permeability reservoir development. In recent years, domestic characterization techniques towards micro-pore structures in low-permeability reservoirs have transformed from qualitative analysis to quantitative analysis, from dimensional analysis to three dimension analysis. Rate-controlled Mercury Penetration and NMR (Nuclear Magnetic Resonance) as well as X-CT, FIB-SEM have appeared. From theoretical view, there is also development in micro-pore structure simulation and fractal theory. On the basis of referring to lots of literature, it's pointed out that the research about high precision characterization of micro-pore structure in domestic low-permeability reservoir is in initial stage, quantitative measurement and three-dimensional reconstruction technique are not widely used. Similarly, another phenomenon is lack of intensive research on micro-pore structure simulation and fractal theory. Test results of limited sample points cannot be used as the basis to predict the total micro-pore structure in low-permeability reservoir. In the future, fine characterizations of micro-pore structures in low-permeability reservoirs are embodied in integrated application of various theoretical approaches, such as incorporating qualitative analysis into quantitative analysis, incorporating digital core into micro-pore structure simulation, as well as combining Rate-controlled Mercury Penetration with fractal theory.
Key words :Low-permeability reservoir;Micro-pore structure;Quantitative testing technique;Three-dimension reconstruction technique;Research progress
在我国陆上原油探明储量中，低渗油藏占有很
大的比例，随着勘探开发技术的不断进步，低渗储
层研究取得了长足的发展［1-3］。储层微观孔隙结构
直接控制着储层的储集和渗流能力，是低渗油藏开
发的关键［4,5］。低渗储层微观孔隙结构研究的核心在
于测试技术精度上的突破，其孔喉大小主要为微纳
米级别，传统的孔隙结构研究方法的核心在于测 测试技术精度上的突破，其孔喉大小主要为微纳米
级别，传统的孔隙结构研究方法如物性分析、铸体薄片观察和高压压汞测试等已经无法满足油藏开发的精度需要，高精度孔隙结构表征技术的出现才能更好的与低渗油藏的开发相适应。近年来，低渗储层微观孔隙结构的表征技术开始从定性向定量、二维向三维转变，理论方面也出现了孔隙结构模拟和分形方面的发展。这些技术和理论的革新，极大地推动了低渗储层微观孔隙结构的精细表征，对低渗油藏后期开发具有重要的指导意义。
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