微观经济学英文作业答案(chap1-chap13)
Microeconomics, 8e (Parkin) Testbank 2 Answer（chap1-chap13）
Chapter 1 What Is Economics?
1) An inducement to take a particular action is called
Answer: D
2) All economic questions arise because we
Answer: A
3) All economic questions arise because
Answer: C
4) Scarcity is
Answer: A
5) Scarcity arises from
Answer: C
6) When an economist talks of scarcity, the economist is referring to the
Answer: C
7) Scarcity is experienced by
Answer: D
8) Fundamental economic problems basically arise from
Answer: D
9) Scarcity exists because
Answer: B
10) Scarcity can be eliminated through
Answer: D
11) Scarcity is common to all economic systems because resources are
Answer: D
12) People must make choices because
Answer: B
13) The problem of "scarcity" applies
Answer: D
14) When a wealthy businessman is unable to buy tickets to the Super Bowl, he or she
experiences ________.
Answer: B
15) In every economic system, choices must be made because resources are ________ and our
wants are ________
Answer: B
16) The fundamental questions in economics result from
Answer: D
17) Economics is best defined as
Answer: C
18) The study of economics
Answer: B
19) Economics is best defined as the science of choice and how people cope with
Answer: C
20) Which of the following best defines the subject of economics?
Answer: D
Chapter 2 The Economic Problem
1) The production possibilities frontier represents
Answer: C
2) A production possibilities frontier (PPF)
Answer: B
3) Which of the following is NOT true concerning a society's production possibilities frontier
(PPF)?
Answer: D
4) A point outside a production possibilities frontier indicates
Answer: B
5) A production possibilities frontier illustrates the maximum amount of two different
goods that can be produced if
Answer: A
6) Which of the following is NOT illustrated by a production possibilities frontier?
Answer: D
7) Suppose the country of Popcorn produces only jets and corn. If Popcorn cannot produce
any more jets without giving up corn, we say that Popcorn has achieved
Answer: B
8) Production efficiency can be defined as
Answer: C
9) A society that is on its production possibilities frontier is
Answer: D
10) If an economy is operating at a point inside the production possibilities frontier, then Answer: A
11) Any point on a production possibilities frontier (PPF) itself is
Answer: A
12) A reduction in the amount of unemployment
Answer: B
13) A country that must decrease production of one good in order to increase the
production of another
Answer: B
14) A president of the United States promises to produce more defense goods without any
decreases in the production of other goods. This promise can be valid
Answer: B
15) When producing goods and services, tradeoffs exist because
Answer: B
16) Opportunity cost is best defined as
Answer: C
17) A choice is made. The value of the highest-valued alternative given up is the ________ of
the choice made.
Answer: C
18) Opportunity cost is expressed in a production possibilities frontier (PPF) by a
movement
Answer: D
19) When operating on its PPF, a country can produce 2 tons of butter and 200 cars OR 3 tons of
butter and 150 cars. The opportunity cost of 1 ton of butter is ________ cars per ton of butter. Answer: C
20) When moving along the production possibilities frontier, opportunity cost is measured as the Answer: B
Chapter 3 Demand and Supply
1) The relative price of a good is
Answer: A
2) All of the following statements are true except:
Answer: C
3) Joe pays $8,000.00 in tuition. The 8,000 dollar tuition Joe pays is an example of what economists call
Answer: B
4) A relative price is
Answer: D
5) Suppose the price of a football is $20.00 and the price of a basketball is $10.00. The _______ of a football is ________.
Answer: A
6) The price of a film camera is $150 and the price of a similar digital camera is $300. What is the relative price of the digital camera?
Answer: C
7) The price of a video tape rental is currently $1.50 and the price of a DVD rental is $2.50. If the price of a video tape rental increases by $0.50, the relative price a DVD rental
8) The price of a video tape rental is currently $1.50 and the price of a DVD rental is $2.50. If the price of a video tape rental falls by $0.50, the relative price a DVD rental
Answer: A
9) The price of a bag of corn chips is $3, and the price of a bottle of soda is $1. What is the relative price of a bag of corn chips?
Answer: A
10) The price of a bag of corn chips is $3, and the price of a bottle of soda is $1. What is the
relative price of a bottle of soda?
Answer: B
11) Twenty years ago a stove cost $300 and a refrigerator cost $1,500. Today a stove costs $600,
while a refrigerator costs $1,800. Which of the following statements is true?
Answer: C
12) The ABC Music club charges a price of $8 for a cassette and $16 for a CD. For an ABC
Music Club member, the opportunity cost of a CD is
Answer: A
13) If the money price of wheat increases and no other prices change, the
Answer: B
14) When graphing a demand curve for corn, we are showing the relationship between the
quantity demanded of corn and the
Answer: B
15) The "law of demand" states that changes in
Answer: C
16) The "law of demand" is illustrated by a
Answer: C
17) The "law of demand" refers to the fact that, all other things remaining the same, when the
price of a good rises
Answer: D
18) The "law of demand" states that, other things remaining the same, the quantity demanded of
any good is
Answer: A
19) The "law of demand" most directly means that consumers buy
Answer: B
20) The "law of demand" states that, other thing remaining the same, the higher
Answer: D
Chapter 4 Elasticity
1) Elasticity generally measures the
Answer: D
2) The price elasticity of demand equals the magnitude of the
Answer: B
3) An elasticity of demand is measured in
Answer: D
4) The price elasticity of demand is defined as the magnitude of the
Answer: C
5) Suppose the price of burgers increases from $2 to $3 each. The degree to which quantity demanded responds to this price increase depends on the
Answer: A
6) The price elasticity of demand is calculated as the absolute value of the
Answer: A
7) The price elasticity of demand refers to the
Answer: C
8) The price elasticity of demand for oranges ________ change if the units of the quantity was changed from pounds to kilograms and ________ change if the units of the price was changed from dollars to cents.
Answer: D
9) Suppose the quantity of gasoline is measured in gallons and the price of gasoline is measured in dollars. The price elasticity of demand is 0.67. If the price of gasoline was now measured in cents rather than dollars, the price elasticity of demand would now be
10) To determine the effect a 25 percent increase in the price of apples has on the quantity of
apples demanded, you must know the value of the
Answer: C
11) Because of an increase in the price of leather, the average price of a pair of women's dress
shoes increased 12 percent. If the price elasticity of demand for women's dress shoes is 0.85, which of the following will happen?
Answer: B
12) The price of a good rises by 12 percent and the price elasticity of demand for the good is
0.85. Which of the following is a correct interpretation of these facts?
Answer: D
13) If a 20 percent increase in the price of a used car results in a 10 percent decrease in the
quantity of used cars demanded, then the price elasticity of demand equals
Answer: A
14) Suppose that the quantity of pizza demanded decreased by 15 percent after an increase in
price of 10 percent. What is the price elasticity of demand for pizza?
Answer: A
15) When the price of a movie ticket increases from $5 to $7, the quantity of tickets demanded
decreases from 600 to 400 a day. What is the price elasticity of demand for movie tickets?
Answer: B
16) A rise in the price of oranges from $2.00 to $2.50 per pound decreases the quantity
demanded from 2,000 to 1,800 pounds. The price elasticity of demand for oranges is
Answer: A
17) If the price of a movie ticket increases by 4 percent and the quantity of movies demanded
falls by 2 percent, the price elasticity of demand is
Answer: C
18) If the quantity demanded of hamburgers increases by 20 percent when the price decreases by 5 percent, then the price elasticity of demand is
Answer: B
19) Taco Bell's economists determine that the price elasticity of demand for their tacos is 2.0. So,
if Taco Bell raises the price of its tacos by 6.0 percent, the quantity demanded will decrease by ________ percent.
Answer: D
20) Using average price and average quantity, calculate the price elasticity of demand if a price
rise from $8 to $10 and decreases the quantity demanded from 20 units to 15 units. The price elasticity of demand equals
Answer: B
Chapter 5 Efficiency and Equity
1) All of the following describe the concept of marginal benefit except the
Answer: C
2) The maximum amount of other goods and services that people are willing to give up in order to get one more personal computer is the
3) Which of the following is correct?
Answer: C
4) The principle of decreasing marginal benefit implies that the
Answer: A
5) Marginal benefit is the
Answer: D
6) "Value" means the
Answer: A
7) A demand curve measures
Answer: D
8) The demand curve for CDs shows the
Answer: B
9) Marginal benefit
Answer: D
10) Marginal benefit
Answer: B
11) The demand curve
Answer: D
12) A demand curve can be also
Answer: C
13) The demand curve also is
Answer: B
14) The demand curve for coffee is the same as the
Answer: B
15) Consumer surplus is the ________ summed over the quantity bought.
Answer: C
16)________ is the difference between the value of a good and the price paid for it summed over the quantity bought.
Answer: B
17) Consumer surplus is the
Answer: C
18) Joe receives consumer surplus on the new computer he buys if
Answer: C
19) When the Smith's were shopping for their present home, the asking price from the previous
owner was $250,000.00. The Smith's had decided they would pay no more than $245,000.00 for the house. After negotiations, the Smith's actually purchased the house for $239,000.00.
They, therefore, enjoyed a consumer surplus of
Answer: C
20) Joe is willing to pay $4 for his first slice of pizza and $3 for his second slice of pizza. If the market price is $2, on his two slices of pizza Joe receives a total consumer surplus of
Answer: B
Chapter 6 Markets in Action
1) The short run effect of a decrease in the supply of housing is a ________ in the rent and ________ in the quantity of housing units.
Answer: A
2) In the absence of a rent ceiling, the long run adjustment to an initial decrease in the supply of housing is
Answer: C
3) The above table gives the demand schedule and the supply schedule for housing in Anytown, U.S.A. If a price ceiling of $300 is imposed in the housing market, then
Answer: B
4) The above table gives the demand schedule and the supply schedule for housing in Anytown, U.S.A. If a price ceiling of $600 was imposed in the housing market, then
Answer: C
5) In the above figure, which of the following shifts shows the effect of severe flooding that destroys many of the apartment buildings in Bigtown?
Answer: B
6) A rent ceiling results in a shortage. As a result, which of the following do you expect? Answer: D
7) When a rent ceiling is imposed in a housing market, the opportunity cost of housing equals the Answer: C
8) A rent ceiling results in a shortage. As a result, which of the following do you expect? Answer: C
9) The above figure shows the apartment rental market in Bigtown. At what rent will there be neither a shortage nor a surplus of apartments?
Answer: C
10) The above figure shows the apartment rental market in Bigtown. If severe flooding resulted in the destruction of many of the city's apartment buildings, then the
Answer: A
11) The above figure shows the apartment rental market in Bigtown. If the Bigtown Housing Authority imposes a rent ceiling below $750 per month, the rent ceiling will help
Answer: B
12) The above figure shows the apartment rental market in Bigtown. If the Bigtown Housing
Authority imposes a rent ceiling above $750 per month, the ceiling will
Answer: D
13) The above figure shows the apartment rental market in Bigtown. If there is a shortage of
200,000 apartments in the Bigtown rental market, it may be because the Bigtown Housing Authority has imposed a rent
Answer: B
14) The above figure shows the apartment rental market in Bigtown. If the market is in equilibrium and then the Bigtown Housing Authority imposes a rent ceiling of $500 per apartment, which of the following would occur?
Answer: B
15) The above figure shows the apartment rental market in Bigtown. If the Bigtown Housing
Authority imposes a rent ceiling of $500 per apartment, the deadweight loss will be Answer: C
16) The figure above shows the demand for and supply of rental housing in Smallton. If a rent ceiling is set at $800, how many apartment units are rented?
Answer: B
17) The figure above shows the demand for and supply of rental housing in Smallton. If a rent ceiling is set at $800, what is the rent?
Answer: B
18) The figure above shows the demand for and supply of rental housing in Smallton. If a rent ceiling is set at $800, there is
Answer: D
19) The figure above shows the demand for and supply of rental housing in Smallton. If a rent ceiling is set at $400, how many apartment units are rented?
Answer: A
20) The figure above shows the demand for and supply of rental housing in Smallton. If a rent ceiling is set at $400, what is the rent?
Answer: C
Chapter 7 Utility and Demand
1) A household's consumption choices cannot exceed limits created by
Answer: C
2) In order to determine a household's budget line, you must know the
Answer: A
3) Suppose we know that Freddy likes to consume only two things: Fritos and Fruit Drinks. If we know only that Fritos and Fruit Drinks cost $1 each, we can
Answer: D
4) Jake plans to spend $100 on fried chickens and Pepsi. The price of a fried chicken is $5 and Pepsi is $2 per bottle. If Jake buys 10 fried chickens how many bottles of Pepsi can he buy? Answer: C
5) Bob plans to spend $60 per month on DVD movie rentals and CDs. The price of a movie rental is $3 and the price of a CD is $15. If Bob rents 5 DVDs per month, how many CDs can he buy?
Answer: C
6) Larry spends all his $800 monthly income on pizza and gasoline. The price of pizza is $4 a slice, and the price of gasoline is $2 per gallon. If Larry buys 150 slices of pizza per month, his budget constraint will allow him to buy ________ gallons of gas per month.
Answer: A
7) Larry spends all his $800 monthly income on pizza and gasoline. The price of pizza is $4 a slice, and the price of gasoline is $2 per gallon. The relative price of gasoline is
Answer: B
8) Larry spends all his $800 monthly income on pizza and gasoline. The price of pizza is $4 a slice, and the price of gasoline is $2 per gallon. Larry's real monthly income in terms of pizza is
Answer: C
9) The figure above shows Tanya's consumption possibilities. Tanya spends $100 per month on movies and restaurant meals. The price of a movie ticket is ________ and the price of a restaurant meal is ________.
Answer: D
10) The figure above shows Tanya's consumption possibilities. Which of the following
combinations of goods is not affordable?
Answer: C
11) The figure above shows Tanya's consumption possibilities when the price of a restaurant
meal is $20. If the price of a restaurant meal falls to $10 and Molly buys 12 movie tickets, how many restaurant meals can she buy?
Answer: C
12) Total utility describes
Answer: A
13) The total benefit that a person gets from the consumption of goods and services is called
Answer: A
14) A measure of all the benefit you get from all the coffee you consume is your
Answer: C
15) Which of the following statements is true?
Answer: B
16) If we describe Lola's total satisfaction she receives from eating pizza, we are referring to
Lola's
Answer: B
17) The figure above shows how your total utility changes with the number of bananas you
consume. How many units of total utility would you get if you consumed four bananas each week?
Answer: D
18) Marginal utility is the
Answer: B
19) ________ is the additional satisfaction a person receives from consuming an extra unit of a good.
Answer: B
20) The measure of the benefit you get from consuming the next cup of coffee is your
Answer: A
Chapter 8 Possibilities, Preferences, and Choices
1) Which of the following is NOT a divisible good?
Answer: D
2) A consumer's budget line depicts
Answer: B
3) In order to draw an individual's budget line, we must know
Answer: B
4) Junkfood Jill spends all of her income on jellybeans and Jolt cola. Suppose that Jill's income is
$30, the price of a bag of jellybeans is $6, and the price of a bottle of Jolt cola is $2. Which of the following combinations of jellybeans and Jolt cola lies inside of Jill's budget line? Answer: D
5) Junkfood Jill spends all of her income on jellybeans and Jolt cola. Suppose that Jill's income is $30, the price of a bag of jellybeans is $6, and the price of a bottle of Jolt cola is $2. If bags of jellybeans are graphed along the vertical axis and bottles of Jolt cola are graphed along the horizontal axis, what is the slope of the budget line?
Answer: D
6) Suppose that Dave has $200 to spend per week and he buys only magazines and pizza. The price of a pizza is $10 and the price of a magazine is $5. What is the maximum amount of pizza Dave can buy each week?
Answer: B
7) Suppose that Dave has $200 to spend per week and he buys only magazines and pizza. The price of a pizza is $10 and the price of a magazine is $5. If Dave buys 15 pizza each week, what is the maximum number of magazines can he buy?
Answer: C
8) Suppose that Dave has $200 to spend per week and he buys only magazines and pizza. The price of a pizza is $10 and the price of a magazine is $5. If Dave buys 20 magazines per week, which of the following amount of pizza is not affordable to him?
Answer: B
9) Jake plans to spend $200 on fried chickens and Pepsi. The price of a fried chicken is $7 and Pepsi is $2.60 per bottle. If Jake buys 10 fried chickens how many bottles of Pepsi can he afford?
Answer: B
10) Ron spends $150 on movie tickets and pizza. The price of a pizza is $10 and a movie ticket is $7.50. If Ron buys 9 movie tickets how many pizzas can he afford?
Answer: B
11) Nick consumes two goods, chips and lemonade. Located on the x-axis is the quantity of
chips and on the y-axis is the quantity of lemonade. The slope of the budget line equals the negative of the
Answer: C
12) Goods that can be bought in any quantity desired are called
Answer: A
13) For a consumer, a budget line shows the boundary between
Answer: C
14) The limit on people's consumption choices is determined by
Answer: C
15) Sam buys gasoline and coffee each week. In order to draw his budget line between gasoline and coffee, Sam would have to know
Answer: D
16) If Sam has $60.00 each week to spend on gasoline and coffee, and their respective prices are $1.50 per gallon and $3.00 per pound, which of the following equations represents his budget line?
Answer: C
17) Suppose the price of coffee is $3, the price of a bagel is $2 and a person's budget is $40. The
budget line's equation is
Answer: B
18) The slope of a budget line reflects
Answer: C
19) Jake spends $200 on fried chickens and Pepsi. The price of a fried chicken is $5 and Pepsi is $2.50 per bottle. With the quantity of Pepsi being measured along the vertical axis, the slope of Jake's budget line is ________ per fried chicken.
Answer: D
20) Ron spends $150 on movie tickets and pizza. The price of a pizza is $10 and a movie ticket is $7.50. With the quantity of movies measured along the vertical axis, the slope of Ron's budget line (with movies on the vertical axis) is ________ per pizza
Answer: B
Chapter 9 Organizing Production
1) An institution that hires productive resources and organizes them to produce and sell goods and services is called
Answer: C
2) A firm's basic goal is to maximize its
Answer: A
3) What is the main goal of a firm?
Answer: C
4) A firm's goal is best described as
Answer: D
5) A firm's basic goal is best described as
Answer: C
6) The value of a firm's best alternative use of its resources is called its
Answer: D
7) The value of the firm's best alternative use of its resources is defined as its
Answer: D
8) Opportunity cost differs from the costs measured by an accountant because opportunity cost includes all
Answer: B
9) Opportunity cost equals
Answer: D
10) If instead of working on his own as a consultant making $25,000, Joe takes a job at a bank,
the $25,000 is
Answer: A
11) Mr. Sweet opened a candy store. He rented a building for $30,000 a year. During the first year of operation, Sweet paid $40,000 to his employees, $10,000 for utilities, and $20,000 for goods he bought from other firms. His total revenue was $135,000. Sweet's best alternative to running this candy store is to work for Wal-Mart as a sales associate for $15,000 a year. What is Sweet's total opportunity cost?
12) A firm pays its workers $10 per hour. This cost is an example of an
Answer: D
13) Explicit costs differ from implicit costs in that
Answer: B
14) Mr. Sweet opened a candy store. He rented a building for $30,000 a year. During the first
year of operation, Sweet paid $40,000 to his employees, $10,000 for utilities, and $20,000 for goods he bought from other firms. His total revenue was $135,000. Sweet's best alternative to running this candy store is to work for Wal-Mart as a sales associate for $15,000 a year.
What are Sweet's explicit costs?
Answer: B
15) Pippi owns a pizza parlor. If Pippi owns a pizza oven, for its use she incurs ________. If she
rents a pizza oven, for its use she incurs ________.
Answer: A
16) The opportunity cost that a firm incurs for using a resource that it already owns is called
Answer: B
17) Costs as measured by accountants generally do not include any
Answer: C
18) A firm incurs implicit costs when
Answer: C
19) Cost, as measured by an accountant, generally does not include
Answer: A
20) Which of the following are two components of the opportunity cost of using capital already
owned by the firm?
Answer: D
Chapter 10 Output and Costs
1) A period of time in which the quantity of at least one factor of production used by a firm is fixed is called the
Answer: C
2) Economists define the short run as a period of time so short that
Answer: D
3) The short run is a time frame in which
Answer: A
4) In the short run,
Answer: B
5) In the short run
Answer: C
6) The short run is a time period during which
Answer: C
7) The short run is defined as
Answer: A
8) The short run
9) When the demand for electricity peaks during the hottest days of summer, Florida Power and Light Company can generate more electricity by using more fuel and increasing the working hours of many of its employees. The company cannot, however, increase electric power production by building additional generating capacity. This means that the company is in the Answer: B
10) An example of a fixed factor of production is
Answer: A
11) A period of time in which the quantity of all factors of production used by a firm can be
varied is called the
Answer: D
12) In the long run, a firm has
Answer: A
13) The long run
Answer: D
14) The long run is a period of time in which
Answer: A
15) Which of the following is characteristic of the long run?
Answer: C
16) After constructing a new factory, the cost of building the factory is a
Answer: D
17) Total product is
Answer: B
18) All the production points that lie
Answer: D
19) The marginal product of labor is equal to the
Answer: B
20) Marginal product is
Answer: A
Chapter 11 Perfect Competition
1) Which of the following is a defining characteristic of a perfectly competitive industry? Answer: C
2) Which of the following is true regarding a perfectly competitive firm?
Answer: D
3) Which of the following is true regarding perfect competition?
Answer: C
4) Which of the following is NOT an assumption of perfect competition?
Answer: C
5) Which of the following is NOT an assumption of perfect competition?
Answer: A
6) Which of the following is NOT an assumption of perfectly competitive markets?
Answer: D
7) Perfect competition implies that
Answer: D
8) A perfectly competitive industry is characterized by
Answer: D
9) Perfect competition exists in an industry if
Answer: A
10) An industry is perfectly competitive if
Answer: C
11) Which of the following is NOT an assumption of perfect competition?
Answer: C
12) Which of the following is NOT a defining characteristic of perfectly competitive industries? Answer: D
13) Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a perfectly competitive industry? Answer: C
14) Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of perfect competition?
Answer: C
15) In order for perfect competition to arise, it must be the case that
Answer: D
16) If the minimum efficient scale of a firm is small relative to the demand for the good, then Answer: A
17) In perfect competition, the
Answer: A
18) Which of the following conditions is consistent with perfect competition?
Answer: B
19) An example of a perfectly competitive industry is
Answer: B
20) An example of a perfectly competitive firm is
Answer: A
Chapter 12 Monopoly
1) Market power is the
Answer: C
2) A monopoly is best defined as a firm that
Answer: A
3) An example of a monopoly is
Answer: C
4) An example of a monopoly would be
Answer: D
5) A monopolist
Answer: C
6) Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a monopoly?
Answer: D
7) Which of the following is a characteristic of a monopoly?
Answer: D
8) Which of the following is a characteristic of monopoly?
Answer: C
9) Which of the following can create a monopoly?
Answer: D
10) A barrier to entry is
Answer: A
11) DeBeers monopolizes the world's diamond supply because it
Answer: C
12) If the government grants a firm a public franchise to supply coal, a monopoly is created by Answer: B
13) Which of the following is NOT a barrier to entry for a monopoly?
Answer: C
14) Which of the following is a barrier to entry for a monopoly?
Answer: A
15) Which of the following is NOT a legal barrier to entry?
Answer: D
16) Patents encourage invention by
Answer: C
17) Suppose a new vaccine for Lyme disease is developed by Merck, a large drug company. Which of the following is most likely to occur?
Answer: A
18) Patents encourage inventions because without a patent
Answer: A
19) A legal monopoly is defined as a market where
Answer: B
20) Natural monopolies occur when there are
Answer: C
Chapter 13 Monopolistic Competition and Oligopoly
1) In monopolistic competition, there are
Answer: A
2) ACME, Inc. operates in a market structure in which there are many other firms that find it easy to enter or exit. ACME is operating in ________ market.
Answer: B
3) A characteristic of monopolistic competition is
Answer: C
4) Which of the following is a characteristic of monopolistic competition?
Answer: A
5) Monopolistic competition is a market structure in which
Answer: B
6) Monopolistic competition is a market structure in which
Answer: A
7) Monopolistic competition is a market structure in which
Answer: C
8) Monopolistic competition is a market structure in which
Answer: D
9) Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of monopolistic competition?
Answer: B
10) The key feature of monopolistic competition that distinguishes it from perfect competition is Answer: D
11) Which of the following statements is FALSE concerning monopolistic competition? Answer: C
12) The existence of a large number of firms in monopolistic competition
Answer: A
13) All of the following characteristics apply to monopolistic competition EXCEPT
Answer: B
14) Which of the following is NOT true of firms in monopolistic competition?
Answer: A
15) Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the market structure for monopolistic competition?
Answer: B
16) In monopolistic competition, the presence of a large number of firms making a differentiated
product means that
Answer: A
17) In monopolistic competition, each firm supplies a ________ part of the total industry output and its actions ________ the actions of the other firms.
Answer: A
18) Dole Co. operates in a monopolistically competitive market. Which of the following characterizes Dole Co.'s market?
Answer: D
19) Monopolistic competition differs from monopoly because in monopolistic competition Answer: D
20) In monopolistic competition, firms compete on the basis of
Answer: B
【免费下载】中国石油大学远程教育微观经济学第三次在线作业
第1题 以下哪一项关于微观经济学和宏观经济学的表述是不正确的您的答案：A 题目分数：0.5此题得分：0.5批注：A 不对，宏观经济学以经济整体作为研究对象，不是以大规模的行业作为研究对象 第2题 以下哪一个问题最可能被微观经济学家所研究您的答案：C 题目分数：0.5此题得分：0.5批注：某一行业的就业问题是微观问题，其他三个是宏观经济问题。 第3题 生产可能性边界上的点是 您的答案：A 题目分数：0.5此题得分：0.5批注：生产可能性边界上的点表示有效率，内的点表示无效率，以外的点表示无法达到。 第4题 若一条直线型的需求曲线与一条曲线型的需求曲线相切，则在切点处两曲线的需求价格弹性（）您的答案：A 题目分数：0.5此题得分：0.5批注：某一点的需求价格弹性取决于他的坐标和斜率，不管是直线还是曲线，这两个影响因素都是相同的。 第5题 若需求曲线为向右下倾斜的直线，则当价格从高到低不断下降时，卖者的总收益 您的答案：B 题目分数：0.5此题得分：0.5批注：因为需求曲线上的各点需求价格弹性是不同的，左上方的点富于弹性，所以降低价格的时候总收益不断增加，右下方的点缺乏弹性，所以降低价格总收益减少。 第6题 两种商品中若当其中一种的价格变化时，这两种商品的购买量同时增加或减少，则这两者的交叉需求价格弹性系数为您的答案：A 题目分数：0.5此题得分：0.5批注：如果一种商品价格变化，两种商品的需求量同时变化，这两种商品是互补品，互补品的需求交叉弹、管路敷设技术通过管线敷设技术，不仅可以解决吊顶层配置不规范问题，而且可保障各类管路习题到位。在管路敷设过程中，要加强看护关于管路高中资料试卷连接管口处理高中资料试卷弯扁度固定盒位置保护层防腐跨接地线弯曲半径标高等，要求技术交底。管线敷设技术中包含线槽、管架等多项方式，为解决高中语文电气课件中管壁薄、接口不严等问题，合理利用管线敷设技术。线缆敷设原则：在分线盒处，当不同电压回路交叉时，应采用金属隔板进行隔开处理；同一线槽内，强电回路须同时切断习题电源，线缆敷设完毕，要进行检查和检测处理。、电气课件中调试对全部高中资料试卷电气设备，在安装过程中以及安装结束后进行高中资料试卷调整试验；通电检查所有设备高中资料试卷相互作用与相互关系，根据生产工艺高中资料试卷要求，对电气设备进行空载与带负荷下高中资料试卷调控试验；对设备进行调整使其在正常工况下与过度工作下都可以正常工作；对于继电保护进行整核对定值，审核与校对图纸，编写复杂设备与装置高中资料试卷调试方案，编写重要设备高中资料试卷试验方案以及系统启动方案；对整套启动过程中高中资料试卷电气设备进行调试工作并且进行过关运行高中资料试卷技术指导。对于调试过程中高中资料试卷技术问题，作为调试人员，需要在事前掌握图纸资料、设备制造厂家出具高中资料试卷试验报告与相关技术资料，并且了解现场设备高中资料试卷布置情况与有关高中资料试卷电气系统接线等情况，然后根据规范与规程规定，制定设备调试高中资料试卷方案。、电气设备调试高中资料试卷技术电力保护装置调试技术，电力保护高中资料试卷配置技术是指机组在进行继电保护高中资料试卷总体配置时，需要在最大限度内来确保机组高中资料试卷安全，并且尽可能地缩小故障高中资料试卷破坏范围，或者对某些异常高中资料试卷工况进行自动处理，尤其要避免错误高中资料试卷保护装置动作，并且拒绝动作，来避免不必要高中资料试卷突然停机。因此，电力高中资料试卷保护装置调试技术，要求电力保护装置做到准确灵活。对于差动保护装置高中资料试卷调试技术是指发电机一变压器组在发生内部故障时，需要进行外部电源高中资料试卷切除从而采用高中资料试卷主要保护装置。
微观经济学作业题及答案
A１经济学就是关于个人与国家如何 A、用有限得资源满足无限得需要 B、用无限得资源满足有限得需要 C、用无限得资源满足无限得需要Ｄ、用有限得资源满足有限得需要 B２在任何时间生产出来得汽车、电视机与比萨饼得数量就是以下哪个经济学基本问题得答案 A、商品如何被生产出来 B、生产什么与生产多少 C、这些商品就是为谁而生产 D、谁做出经济决策 C3 宏观经济学就是经济学得一个分支，主要研究 Ａ、市场经济B、个体行为C、经济总体状况，如失业与通货膨胀等Ｄ、中央计划经济 C４稀缺性得主要含义就是 A、一个人不应该把今天能买到得东西明天来买 B、需要用政府计划来决定资源得运用 C、必须做出选择 D、生活水平会逐渐下降 C5 当资源不足以满足所有人得需要时 A、政府必须决定谁得要求不能被满足 B、必须有一套市场系统起作用 C、必须做出选择 D、价格必定上升 B6 “没有免费得午餐”这种说法得前提就是 Ａ、不存在食品银行Ｂ、任何事物都有机会成本C、人们就是自私得D、政府总就是补贴食品生产Ｂ7下哪一项就是微观经济学研究得问题 Ａ、失业率与通货膨胀率得关系B、美国烟草歉收对世界烟草价格得影响C、贸易差额D、预算赤字对价格水平得影响 D8经济学研究得基本问题就是 Ａ、证明只有市场系统可以配置资源Ｂ、选择最公平得收入分配方法C、证明只有计划经济可以配置资源D、因为资源稀缺而必须作出选择 Ｄ９ 关于经济学基本问题,以下哪个说法就是对得 A、只适用于混合经济 B、只适用于受到调控得经济 C、与混合经济无关，因为它们基于私利 D、在中央计划中，由政府来做回答 Ｃ10机会成本得起因就是 A、自私得消费者 B、贪婪 C、稀缺性 D、眼界狭窄得生产者 就是非题 B1“妇女应该与男子同工同酬"就是实证经济学得说法 A、对 B、错 Ｂ２机会成本得起因就是人们得自私 Ａ、对B、错 A3 生产可能性边界上得所有点都意味着资源得到了有效配置 A、对 B、错 B4 “瞧不见得手”原理中,那只瞧不见得手指得就是市政府得管理 Ａ、对B、错 B5“瞧不见得手"原理就是由凯恩斯提出得 A、对 B、错 A6 实证经济学主要回答“就是什么”问题 Ａ、对B、错 B7 不管做出什么选择,已经被花费出去而且不能够收回得成本叫做机会成本 A、对Ｂ、错 B8 等产量线只有在边际技术替代率为正时,其生产才就是有效率得
微观经济学在线作业第三次
完全垄断厂商的总收益与价格同时下降的前提条件1.（2.5分） ?1 A、弹性大于?1 B、弹性小于?1 C、弹性等于?0 、弹性等于D我的答案：A 此题得分：2.5分分）如果垄断厂商有线性需求曲线，那么总收益增加时（）2.（2.5?A、边际收益为正，且递增?B、边际收益为正，且递减?C、边际收益为负，且递增?D、边 际收益为负，且递减我的答案： B 此题得分：2.5分2.5分）实行价格歧视的条件不包括3.（?A、有效分割的市场?B、一个巨大无弹性的需求?C、每个分市场有不同的需求弹性?D、能对市场形成垄断我的 答案：此题得分：2.5分B 分）在得出某种商品的个人需求曲线时，下面因素除哪一种外均保持为常数4.（2.5?A、个人收入?B、其余商品价格?、个人偏好C?D、所考虑商品的价格我的答案：2.5分D 此题得分：某商品的个人需求曲 线表明了2.5（分）5.?、个人愿望的最大限度A?B、个人愿望的最小限度?C、都不是?D、都是我的答案：A 此题得分：2.5分 6.（2.5分）下列因素除哪一种以外会使需求曲线移动 ?A、购买者的收入变化 ?、商品价格下降B． ?C、其他有关商品价格下降?D、消费者偏好变化我的答案：B 此题得分：2.5分A是商品B的替代品，则A的价格下降将造成7.（2.5分）如果商品?A、的需求曲线向右移动A?的需求曲线向左移动B、A?的需求曲线向右移动C、B?D、B的需求曲线向左移动我的答案：D 此题得分：2.5分 2.5分）一个商品价 格下降对其互补品的影响8.（?、互补品的需求曲线向右移动A?、互补品的需求曲线向左移动B?、互补品的供给曲线向右移动C?D、互补品的价格上升我的答案：此题得分：2.5分A 分）如果某种商品供给曲线斜率为正，如果保持其他因素不变的条件，该商品价格上升，导致9.（2.5?A、供给增加?B、供给量增加?、供给减少C?D、供给量减少我的答案： 2.5分B 此题得分：市场上某种商品存在超额需求分）10.（2.5 ?、产品价格超过均衡价格A?、该产品是优质品B?C、该产品是供不应求?、该产品价格低于均衡价格 D我的答案：分此题得分：2.5A 直线型需求曲线的斜率不变，因此其价格弹性也不变，这个说法（11.2.5分）?、一定正确A?B、一定不正确?、可能不正确C?D、无法判定 我的答案：分2.5此题得分：B （12.2.5分）下列哪一种弹性是度量沿着需求曲线移动而不是曲线本身的移动?A、需求的价格弹性?B、需求的收入弹性?C、需求的交叉价格弹性?、需求的预期价格弹性D我的答案：分A 此题得分：2.5（2.5分）如果某商品富于需求的价格弹性，则该商品的价格上升总收益13.?A、增加?B、不变?C、下降?、可能增加也可能下降D我的答案： 2.5C 此题得分：分，可以预料价格上政府对出售商品每单位征税5美元，假定这种商品的需求价格弹性为014.（2.5分） 升?、小于5美元A?、等于5美元B? 5美元C、大于?D、不可确定我的答案：此题得分：2.5分B 单位，则该商品的单位增加到113美元降到2美元，需求量将从915.（2.5分）假定某商品的价格从总收益?、不变A?、增加B?、减少C?、不确定D我的答案：分C 此题得分：2.51%，则这种商品的需求量对价格如果价格下降分）10%能使买者总支出增加（16.2.5?、富有弹性A?B、具有单位弹性?、缺乏弹性C?D、不确定 我的答案：分2.5此题得分：A 单位。现假定买者的收入2.5分）已知某商品的地均衡价格是1美元的时候，均衡交易量是100017.（增加使这种商品的需求增加了400单位，那么在新的均衡点的需求量是多少?A、1000单位?、多于1000单位但是小于1400单位B?1400 C、?D、都不对我的答案： B 此题得分：2.5分（2.5分）如果政府利用配给的办法
中级微观经济学作业及答案
中级微观经济学第一次作业答案 1、假设政府对一个每月收入400美元的贫困家庭进行补贴。有三种方案：第一，允许该家庭购买400美元的食品券，单位美元食品券的价格为；第二，政府直接发给该家庭200美元的食品券补贴；第三，政府直接发给该家庭200美元的货币补贴。画出三种方案下该家庭的预算线，解释该家庭的最优选择，并分析三种方案的优劣。 解： 如上图所示，横轴表示花费在食品上的货币数量，纵轴表示花费在其他商品上的货币量，初始预算线为CD。 第一种补贴方案下，该家庭可以用200美元购买400美元的食品券，因此预算线变为折线CE1B，最优选择为E1点，效用水平为U1； 第二种补贴方案下，政府直接发放给该家庭200美元食品券补贴，因此预算线变为CE2B，最优选择为E2点，效用水平为U2； 第三种补贴方案下，政府直接发放给该家庭200美元的货币补贴，因此预算线直接平移到AB，最优选择为E3点，效用水平为U3。 综上所述，因为U3>U2>U1,所以对于该家庭而言，第三种方案最好，第二种方案次之，第一种方案最差。 2、请画出以下各位消费者对两种商品（咖啡和热茶）的无差异曲线。 （1）消费者A喜欢喝咖啡，对喝热茶无所谓； （2）消费者B喜欢1杯热茶和1杯咖啡一起喝； （3）消费者C认为，在任何情况下，1杯热茶和2杯咖啡是无差异的；
（4）消费者D 喜欢喝咖啡，讨厌喝热茶。 解：（1） （2） （4） 3、写出下列情形的效用函数，画出无差异曲线，并在给定价格（p1，p2 ）和收入（m ）的情形下求最优解。 （1）x1=一元纸币，x2=五元纸币。 （2）x1=一杯咖啡，x2=一勺糖, 消费者喜欢在每杯咖啡加两勺糖。 ()12121,min ,2u x x x x ??=????， 1122m x p p = +，21222m x p p =+ 解：（1）当p1/p2>时，x1=0, x2=m/p2； 当p1/p2=时， 当p1/p2<时，x1=m/p1, x2=0 （2） 解得：, 4、假设某消费者的效用函数为： 试问：给定商品1和商品2 的价格为和，如果该消费者的收入足够高，则收入的变化是否会导致该消费者对商品1的消费，并解释原因。 解：该消费者追求效用最大化，则有：
2019年4月考试宏微观经济学第三次作业
2013年4月考试宏微观经济学第三次作业 一、计算题（本大题共70分，共 7 小题，每小题 10 分） 1. 已知生产函数为Q=15KL/(2K+L)，问题：（1）导出劳动的边际产量和平均 产量函数；（2）证明劳动边际产量的递减性。 2. 某企业以变动要素L生产产品X，短期生产函数为（1）APL最大时，需雇用多少工人？（2）MPL最大时，需雇用多少工人？ 3. 假定某厂商生产某产品的变动成本为每件10美元，标准产量为500000件。总固定成本为2500000美元。如果厂商的目标利润为33.3％，问价格应定为多少？ 4. IBM是世界上重要的计算机制造商，根据该公司资料，生产某型号计算机的长期总成本与产量之间的关系是C=28303800+460800Q，问题：（1）如果该型 号计算机市场容量为1000台，并且假定所有其他企业的成本函数与IBM相同，IBM占有50%的市场比占有20%的市场拥有多大的成本优势？（2）长期边际成 本是多少？（3）是否存在规模经济？ 5. 假定一个单独垄断企业的需求和成本函数如下表所示，为了实现利润极大化它应当确定什么样的价格？价格需求数量全部成本 100元 500件 20000 元 80元 700件 30000元 60元 1000件 40000元 40元 1300件 50000元 20元 1600件 60000元 6. 若甲的效用函数为U=XY，试问：（1）X=40，Y=5时，他得到的效用是多少？过点（40，5）的无差异曲线是什么？（2）若甲给乙25单位X的话，乙愿给此人15单位Y。进行这个交换，此人所得到的满足会比（40，5）的组合 高吗？（3）乙用15单位Y同此人X，为使此人的满足与（40，5）组合相 同，他最多只能得到多少单位X？ 7. 设某完全垄断企业的市场需求函数和成本函数分别为P=100-4Q，TC=50+20Q.如果能将消费者分隔成两个市场，Q=q1+q2，且有P1=80-5q1，P2=180-20q2 试求：（1）完全垄断企业在两市场实行相同价格下的价格、产量及总利润。（2）完全垄断厂商实行价格歧视下的价格、产量及总利润。 二、问答题（本大题共30分，共 3 小题，每小题 10 分） 1. 为什么短期平均成本曲线是U型的？ 2. 什么是货币需求？人们需要货币的动机有哪些？ 3. 在长期均衡点，完全竞争市场中每个厂商的利润都为零。因而当价格下降时，所有这些厂商就无法继续经营。这句话对吗？ 答案： 一、计算题（70分，共 7 题，每小题 10 分） 1. 参考答案：
最新版微观经济学精品习题英文版 (with answer) (9)
Chapter 9 Application: International Trade 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. _ __ 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. _ __ 1. Nations would gain from trade if a(n) ________ exists. ( c ) a.absolute advantage b.specialization https://www.sodocs.net/doc/3d8563116.html,parative advantage d.infant industry 2. If Canada has a comparative advantage over Denmark in the production of wood, this implies that ( b ) a.it requires fewer resources in Canada than in Denmark to produce wood. b.the opportunity cost of producing wood in Canada is lower than in Denmark. c.Denmark does not benefit by trading with Canada. d.Canada should buy wood from Denmark. 3. Domestic producers gain from the opportunity to export goods to foreign countries because ( a ) a.the free-trade price of the good is higher than the domestic price in the absence of trade. b.producers are able to reach a wider market. c.although the free-trade price is lower than in the absence of trade, producers are able to sell a greater quantity. d.production rises, although there is no change in the price of the good compared to the no-trade situation. 4. If at the world equilibrium price the U.S. quantity demanded is greater than the U.S. quantity supplied, then ( a ) a.the United States will import the good. b.the United States will export the good. c.the world price will fall. d.the world price will ris e.
微观经济学作业1答案
微观经济学作业一（导论与市场运行） 一、选择题（将正确答案的标号填在题后的括号里） 1.在任何一个经济中：( C ) A、因为资源是稀缺的所以不会存在资源的浪费 B、因为存在资源浪费，所以资源并不稀缺 C、既存在资源稀缺，又存在资源浪费 2.资源的稀缺性是指：( B ) A、世界上的资源最终会由于人们生产更多的物品而消耗光 B、相对于人们无穷的欲望而言，资源总是不足的 C、生产某种物品所需资源的绝对数量很少 3. 微观经济学解决的问题是：( A ) A、资源配置 B、资源利用 C、单个经济单位如何实现最大化 4. 宏观经济学的基本假设是：( B ) A、市场出清 B、市场失灵 C、完全理性 5. 实证经济学与规范经济学的根本区别是：( A ) A、研究方法的不同 B、研究对象的不同 C、研究范围的不同 6. 当汽油的价格上升时，小汽车的需求将：( A ) A、需求曲线向左移动 B、保持不变 C、需求曲线向右移动 7. 当咖啡的价格急剧上升时，对茶叶的需求将：( C ) A、减少 B、保持不变 C、增加 8.消费者预期某物品将来价格要上升，则对该物品当前需求会：( C ) A、减少 B、不变 C、增加 9.需求的变动与需求量的变动:( C ) A、是一回事 B、都是由于同一种原因引起的 C、需求的变动由除价格以外的其它因素的变动引起的，而需求量的变动由价格的变动引起 10.对化妆品需求的减少是指( A ) A、收入减少而引起的减少 B、价格上升而引起的减少 C、与需求量的减少相同 11.需求曲线通常是一条:( A ) A、向右下方倾斜的曲线 B、向左下方倾斜的曲线 C、垂线 12.在同一条需求曲线上，价格与需求量的组合从A点移动到B点是:( C ) A、需求的变动 B、收入的变动 C、需求量的变动 13. 鸡蛋的供给量增加是指:( B )
微观经济学第三次作业
微观经济学第三次作业 一、单项选择题 1.市场上厂商的数目很多，厂商之间各自提供的产品有差别，厂商对价格有一定的控制权，厂商进入或退出一个行业比较容易，以上描述的是（ b ）市场的特征。 A.完全竞争； B.垄断竞争； C.垄断； D.寡头。 2.根据完全竞争市场的条件，下列（ C）行业最接近完全竞争行业。 A.自行车行业； B.服装行业； C.玉米行业； D.烟草行业。 3.在短期内，（）是完全竞争厂商的关闭点。 A.SAC曲线与SMC曲线的交点； B.MR曲线与SMC曲线的交点； C.AVC曲线与SMC曲线的交点。 4.在短期内，（ B ）是完全竞争厂商的收支相抵点。 A.SAC曲线与SMC曲线的交点； B.MR曲线与SMC曲线的交点； C.AVC曲线与SMC曲线的交点。 5.在MR=MC的均衡产量上，企业（）。 A.必然得到最大利润； B.必然得到最小利润； C.若获利，则利润最大；若亏损，则亏损最小； D.不可能亏损。 6.如果在厂商的短期均衡产量上，AR小于SAC，但大于AVC，则厂商（ B ）。 A.亏损，立即停产； B.亏损，但继续生产； C.亏损，生产或不生产都可以； D.获得正常利润，继续生产。 7.完全竞争厂商的短期供给曲线应该是（）。 A.SMC曲线上超过停止营业点的部分； B.SMC曲线上超过收支相抵点的部分； C.SMC曲线的上升部分； D.SMC曲线上的停止营业点和超过停止营业点以上的部分。 8.在（ C ）条件下，厂商的AR曲线、MR曲线和需求曲线d三条线是重叠的。A．完全竞争；B．垄断竞争；C．垄断；D．寡头。 9.完全竞争与不完全竞争的区别包括（ D ）。 A．如果在某一行业中存在许多厂商，则这一市场是完全竞争的； B．如果厂商所面临的需求曲线是向下倾斜的，则这一市场是不完全竞争的；C．如果行业中所有厂商生产相同的产品，且厂商数目大于1，则这个市场是不完全竞争的； D．如果某一行业中有不止一家厂商，并且它们都生产相同的产品，都有相同的
曼昆微观经济学英文版课后练习题第一章
曼昆微观经济学英文版课后练习题第一章
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1 Chapter 1 Ten Principles of Economics Multiple Choice 1. The word that comes from the Greek word for "one who manages a household" is a. market. b. consumer. c. producer. d. economy. ANS: D DIF: 1 REF: 1-0 TOP: Economy MSC: Definitional 2. The word “economy” comes from the Greek word oikonomos , which means a. “environment.” b. “production.” c. “one who manages a househol d.” d. “one who makes decisions.” ANS: C DIF: 1 REF: 1-0 TOP: Economy MSC: Definitional 3. Resources are a. scarce for households but plentiful for economies. b. plentiful for households but scarce for economies. c. scarce for households and scarce for economies. d. plentiful for households and plentiful for economies. ANS: C DIF: 1 REF: 1-0 TOP: Resources, Scarcity MSC: Interpretive 4. Economics deals primarily with the concept of a. scarcity. b. poverty. c. change. d. power. ANS: A DIF: 1 REF: 1-0 TOP: Scarcity MSC: Definitional 5. Which of the following questions is not answered by the decisions that every society must make? a. What determines consumer preferences? b. What goods will be produced? c. Who will produce the goods? d. Who will consume the goods? ANS: A DIF: 2 REF: 1-0 TOP: Economies MSC: Interpretive 6. The overriding reason as to why households and societies face many decisions is that a. resources are scarce. b. goods and services are not scarce. c. incomes fluctuate with business cycles. d. people, by nature, tend to disagre e. ANS: A DIF: 2 REF: 1-0 TOP: Scarcity MSC: Interpretive 7. The phenomenon of scarcity stems from the fact that a. most economies’ production methods are not very good. b. in most economies, wealthy people consume disproportionate quantities of goods and services. c. governments restricts production of too many goods and services. d. resources are limited. ANS: D DIF: 2 REF: 1-0 TOP: Scarcity MSC: Interpretive
微观经济学作业答案
微观经济学作业答案
第一章对象与方法 1、怎样理解西方经济学是一门考察资本主义 市场体系中稀缺的生产资源的配置的？ 资源的配置是指一定量的资源按某种规则分配到不同产品的生产中，以满足不同 的需要。资源是稀缺的，微观经济学将资源 的优化配置当作研究的主要问题。同时，这 个问题也是企业和个人所面临的问题，因为 企业拥有的资金和个人拥有的货币收入都 是有限的，企业和个人都存在如何将有限的 资源用得最好、最有效的问题。微观经济学 研究的是怎样通过市场竞争达到资源最优 配置。 西方经济学的宏观经济学部分主要研究怎样通过宏观调控达到资源充分利用。 2、机会成本的概念与一般理解的成本概念有 什么联系和区别？生产一种有用物品的“机 会成本”与“经济效率”（或称“效益”）的 关系如何？ 机会成本是指某资源用于某一用途之
后，所放弃的该资源用于其它用途中可能带 来的最大效益。一般理解的成本，是指会计 成本，是实际支出成本。机会成本是没有实 际发生的。机会成本是从经济效益的角度看 问题，经济决策就是比较和考虑资源不同使 用方案的机会成本，机会成本越低，则经济 效率越高。 3、什么是经济理性主义？日常生活中有哪些 行为是符合这个原则的？有没有“非理性” 或“反理性”行为？自私自利和损人利己是 理性的还是反理性的，为什么？给出的答案 是实证性的还是规范性的？ 经济理性主义的假定是指在经济实证分析中，总是假定当事人具有非常明确的行 为目标，具有充分的信息和知识，在经济决 策时，关于深思熟虑地进行权衡比较，找到 最佳方案，以获得尽可能大的利益。 一般日常生活中的行为都是符合经济理性主义原则的，比如企业、个人追求利益 的最大化。还是有非理性行为的，比如损人 不利已的行为，比如仅追求社会效益、政治
曼昆微观经济学课后练习英文答案(第七章)
rkets WHAT’S NEW IN THE SIXTH EDITION: There are no major changes to this chapter. LEARNING OBJECTIVES: By the end of this chapter, students should understand: the link between buyers’ willingness to pay for a good and the demand curve. how to define and measure consumer surplus. the link between sellers’ costs of producing a good and the supply curve. how to define and measure producer surplus. that the equilibrium of supply and demand maximizes total surplus in a market. CONTEXT AND PURPOSE: Chapter 7 is the first chapter in a three-chapter sequence on welfare economics and market efficiency. Chapter 7 employs the supply and demand model to develop consumer surplus and producer surplus as a measure of welfare and market efficiency. These concepts are then 7 CONSUMERS, PRODUCERS, AND THE EFFICIENCY OF MARKETS
微观经济学作业3
(一) 单选题 1. 两种商品在两个人之间的分配，能被称为帕累托最优的条件为( )。 (A) 不使某个人受损失就不能使另一个人受益 (B) 个人都处在其消费契约曲线上 (C) 个人都处在他们的效用可能性曲线上 (D) 包括以上所有条件 参考答案： (A) 2. 如果人们收入水平提高，食物在总支出中的比重将( )。 (A) 大大增加 (B) 稍有增加 (C) 下降 (D) 不变 参考答案： (C) 3. 帕累托最优配置被定义为下列哪种情况下的资源配置( )。 (A) 总产量达到最大 (B) 边际效用达到最大 (C) 没有一个人可以在不使他人境况变坏的条件下使自己的境况变得更好
消费者得到他们想要的所有东西 (D) 参考答案： (C) 4. 寡头垄断厂商的产品是( )。 (A) 同质的 (B) 有差异的 (C) 既可以是同质的，也可以是有差异的 (D) 以上都不对 参考答案： (C) 5. 自然垄断物品包括( )。 (A) 消防 (B) 有线电视 (C) 不拥挤的收费道路 (D) 以上都是 参考答案： (D) 6. 洛伦茨曲线代表了( )。 (A) 贫困的程度 (B) 税收体制的效率
(C) 收入不平均的程度 (D) 税收体制的透明度 参考答案： (C) 7. 当人们无偿地享有了额外收益时，称作( )。 (A) 外部不经济 (B) 负外部经济效果 (C) 交易成本 (D) 正外部经济效果 参考答案： (D) 8. 垄断竞争厂商短期均衡时( )。 (A) 厂商一定获得超额利润 (B) 厂商一定不能获得超额利润 (C) 只能得到正常回报 (D) 取得超额利润，发生亏损及获得正常回报三种情况都可能发生 参考答案： (D) 9. 卖主比买主知道更多关于商品的信息，这种情况被称为( )。 (A) 道德陷阱
曼昆微观经济学第四版关键概念中英文对照
微观经济学关键概念中英文对照 CHAPTER 1 scarcity稀缺性 economics经济学 efficiency效率 equity平等 opportunity cost机会成本 rational people理性人 marginal changes边际变动 incentive激励 market economy市场经济 property rights产权 market failure市场失灵 externality外部性 market power市场势力 productivity生产率 inflation通货膨胀 business cycle经济周期
CHAPTER 2 circular-flow diagram循环流向图production possibilities frontier生产可能性边界 microeconomics微观经济学 macroeconomics宏观经济学 positive statements实证表述 normative statements规范表述 CHAPTER 3 absolute advantage绝对优势 opportunity cost机会成本 comparative advantage比较优势 imports进口 exports出口 CHAPTER 4 market市场 competitive market竞争市场 quantity demanded需求量 law of demand需求定理 demand schedule需求表 demand curve需求曲线
normal good正常物品 inferior good低档物品 substitutes替代品 complements互补品 quantity supplied供给量 law of supply供给定理 supply schedule供给表 supply curve供给曲线 equilibrium均衡 equilibrium price均衡价格 equilibrium quantity均衡数量 surplus过剩 shortage短缺 law of supply and demand供求定理 CHAPTER 5 elasticity弹性 price elasticity of demand需求价格弹性 total revenue总收益 income elasticity of demand需求收入弹性cross-price elasticity of demand需求的交叉价格弹性price elasticity of supply供给价格弹性
微观经济学作业习题答案
第一次作业(2010cdut) 1、 粮食价格提高对猪肉的供给曲线有何影响 ？猪肉价格提高对猪肉销售量和猪肉供给曲线是否会发生影响 ？ 答：粮食价格的提高将使猪肉的供给曲线向左移动。因为粮价提高将使猪的饲养成本上升，进而在任一价格水 平下生产者愿 意并且能够提供的猪肉量随之减少。 猪肉价格提高将增加猪肉的销售量。 因为在其他因素不变的情况下， 猪肉价格提高意味着增加猪肉这种商品的 供应量将变得更加有利可图. 因此生产和销售者将提供更多的猪肉上市， 这表现为猪肉供给曲线上点的位置的移动。 但猪肉价格提高本身并不会对供给曲线的变动产生影响。 2、 指出发生下列几种情况时某种蘑菇的需求曲线的影响， 为什么 ？ (1) 卫生组织发布一份报告，称这种蘑菇会致癌； ⑵另 一种蘑菇的价格上涨了； ⑶消费者的收入增加了； ⑷培 育蘑菇的工人工资增加了。 答：(1)对此蘑菇的需求曲线会向左移。 因为卫生组织发布的该蘑菇会致癌的报告会使得人们普遍产生对食用此 种蘑菇的恐惧心理，从而在任一价格水平下大大减少对它的需求量。 (2) 此蘑菇的需求曲线会向右移。 因为各个品种的蘑菇属于互替商品， 当另一种蘑菇的价格上涨后人们会减少对那种 蘑菇的需求量，并通过多消费此种蘑菇来实现替代。因而在任一价格水平下增加了对此种蘑菇的需求量。 (3) 此种蘑菇的需求曲线会向右移。 因为消费者收入的增加意味着他们购买力的增强， 这将使他们增加对这种蘑菇在 内的正常商品的需求量，并且在任一价格水平下都是如此。 (4) 此种蘑菇的需求曲线不变，如果不考虑培育蘑菇的工人作为消费者对此种蘑菇的需求的话。 因为培育蘑菇的工人 工资增加只影响蘑菇的供给成本进而影响其供给曲线，对需求曲线则不发生影响。 第二次作业 1?下面说法是否正确，并说明原因 经济学家认为，降低价格一定会使供给量下降是一条规律。可是这个规律也有例外。例如, 8000元一台，但到2005年为4000元一台，然而销售量却增加 3倍。可见，降低价格不一定会使供给量下降。 ”可 见价格降低不一定使供给量下降 ?? 答案：①这句话不正确 ② 对一般商品来说，在其他因素不变的条件下，降低价格一定会使其供给量下降这条规律是无可疑义的 ..但是, 这且是一般情况，对于高科技产品，由于科技进步，生产计算机的投入品价格降低， 就是生产成本降低了， 将导致供 给曲线 向右移动，从而在更低的价格下，供给量更大 ?? ③ 用均衡价格观点分析： 当技术进步，成本降低，如果市场价格保持不变(高于实际的均衡价格) ，则市场上出现超额供给(供给量 增加)，超额供给使市场价格趋于下降 个角度否定供给规律 2000年电脑的价格才 总结:经济学家所指的是供给规律，前提是商品的其他条件不变 ,而题干中商品的科技条件提高了 ，所以不能从这 2.某城市公共汽车票价从 弧价格弹性。 32美分提高到40美分,提价后乘客为 880万人次，与提价钱相比减少了 12%，求需求的 P 1 32 ，P 2 40 ，Q 2 880 Q 1 880 1000 Ep Q 2 Q ?( P 1 P 2)/ P ■ ( Q 1 Q 2 ) / ? ( P 1 P 2 ) ? ( 12) 2 2~ 0 . 57
2010年秋季学期微观经济学第三次作业
2010年秋季学期微观经济学第三次作业 一、单项选择题（30分，共 15 题，每小题 2 分） 1. 在古诺假定下,如果厂商的数量增加,那么（） A. 每一厂商的数量将增加 B. 行业产量增加,价格降到竞争时的水平 C. 市场价格接近勾结时的价格 D. 垄断者的行为更倾向于勾结 2. 寡头垄断种的所有价格主导模型假定（） A. 产品是同质的 B. 某个厂商有能力支配其他厂商跟着他的导向走 C. 最低成本的厂商决定价格 D. 产出最大的厂商决定价格 E. 以上说法都不正确 3. 垄断厂商面临的需求曲线是（） A. 向下倾斜的 B. 向上倾斜的 C. 垂直的 D. 水平的 4. 完全垄断厂商在均衡状态下获得正的利润是由于（）. A. 垄断性 B. 垄断性和平均成本与边际成本之间的差别 C. 价格过高 D. 产量太少 5. 广告作用最大的是（） A. 产品市场不完全竞争而要素市场完全竞争 B. 要素市场不完全竞争而产品市场完全竞争 C. 产品市场和要素市场均为不完全竞争 D. 以上都是可能的原因 6. 如果人们收入水平提高,则食物支出在总支出的比重将（） A. 大大增加 B. 稍有增加 C. 下降 D. 不变 7. 一完全竞争的厂商每天的总收入为8000元,这是其利润最大化的产出.厂商的平均成本是8元,边际成本是10元,平均可变成本是5元,厂商的总固定成本是（） A. 3元 B. 100元 C. 500元 D. 2400元 8. 寡头垄断厂商的产品是（）. A. 同质的 B. 有差异的 C. 既可以是同质的,也可以是有差异的
D. 以上都不对 9. 完全竞争条件下,厂商获取最大利润的条件是（） A. 边际收益大于边际成本的差额达到最大值 B. 边际收益等于边际成本 C. 价格高于平均成本的差额达到最大值 D. 以上都不对 10. 完全竞争厂商在达到长期均衡时,如下关系成立（）. A. SMC=SAC=LAC=LMC B. SMC=LAC>LMC C. SMC=SAC D. SMC=LAC〈LMC 11. 某家用洗衣机厂经过市场调查发现,其面临的需求曲线呈线性,现价每台1800元,但每台2700元将无人购买.如果决定提价到2000元,可以推断提价后的销售收入将（） A. 增加 B. 不变 C. 减少 D. 不确定 12. 某企业有房屋、设备等固定资产1000万,折旧率6%;银行长期贷款100万,年利率5%;生产工人工资总额120万;管理人员工资10万;原料、材料、动力费用1500万.则其总固定成本为（） A. 60万 B. 65万 C. 75万 D. 1000万 E. 1100万 13. 某鱼贩以每千克2元的成本从水库运来鲜鱼500千克到早市销售.若他面临的需求曲线为Q=1000-100P,为求利润最大,他应销出（） A. 500千克 B. 400千克 C. 两者都正确 D. 两者都不正确 14. 下列何种为吉芬品（） A. 需求收入弹性和需求价格弹性均为正 B. 需求收入弹性和需求价格弹性均为负 C. 需求收入弹性为正但需求价格弹性为负 D. 需求收入弹性为负但需求价格弹性为正 E. 上述情况都不是吉芬品 15. 如果一个行业是一个成本递增的行业,则（） A. 行业的长期供给曲线有一正的斜率 B. 行业的长期供曲线有一负的斜率 C. 生产中使用的要素供给曲线是垂直的 D. 短期平均成本曲线不是U型的 E. 上述说法均不准确
曼昆的《微观经济学原理》课业笔记 英文版
Ch 1 Ten Principles of economic ?Scarcity: the limited nature of society’s resources ?Economics: the study of how society manages its scarce resources, e.g. ?There are 10 principle of economic which are needed to be remember throughout. ?People face trade-off 1. Individual(time,money) and society(efficiency vs equality). ?Cost of something is what your give up to get it.\ 1. The opportunity cost of any item is whatever must be given up to obtain it. ?Rational people thinking at margin(effect of one additional item) 1. This principle assume that everyone is rational people(made their decision base on their interests) this was addressed on Adam Smith's Wealth of Nation. ?People respond to incentives(诱惑物） 1. This statement reveals that human psychology is a important feature in economic study. ?Trade can make everyone better-off 1.Ex: trade of agricultural product and technology between Japan and America, it will break the law of PPF. It involved absolute advantages(low input) and comparative advantage(low opportunity cost win) ?Markets are usually a good way to organize economy activity. 1.Markets can balance the price. ?Government can sometime improve market outcome. ? A country's standard of living depends on its ability to produce goods and services. ?Price rise when government print too much money.
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