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人教版|八年级下册英语重点语法知识全汇总

重点语法：一般将来时态的应用

do/does 的一般将来时态形式：(shall/will) do

do/does 的一般将来时态的被动语态：(shall/will) be done

一般将来时态的肯定句、否定句、疑问句形式：

肯定句例句：People will have robots in a few years.

否定句例句：People (will not/won't) have robots in a few years.

一般疑问句例句：Will people have robots in a few years?

特殊疑问句例句：What will people have in a few years?

重点语法：过去将来时

一、过去将来时的结构

should/would+动词原形

do/does 的过去将来时态形式：(should/would) do

do/does的过去将来时态的被动语态：(should/would) be done

过去将来时态的肯定句、否定句、疑问句形式：

肯定句例句：You should write a letter to him.

否定句例句：You shouldn't write a letter to him.

一般疑问句例句：Should I write a letter to him?

特殊疑问句例句：What should I do?

重点语法：过去进行时

do/does 的过去进行时态形式：(was/were) doing

do/does 的过去进行时态的被动语态：(was/were) being done

过去将来时态的肯定句、否定句和疑问句形式：

肯定句例句：I was walking down the street when a UFO landed.

否定句例句：I wasn't walking down the street when a UFO landed.

一般疑问句例句：Were you walking down the street when a UFO landed? 特殊疑问句例句：What were you doing when a UFO landed?

动词when 和while 的选择：when 后加瞬间动词，while 后加延续性动词。例句：The boy was walking down the street when the UFO landed.

=While the boy was walking down the street, the UFO landed.

重点语法：宾语从句

结构：主语+ 谓语动词+ 宾语从句(主语+ 谓语动词+ 宾语/表语)

1、引导名词性从句的连接词

（1）that：没有含义，在宾语从句中不做成分

（2）whether/if：表示是否，宾语从句中不做成分。

I don't know if /whether he still lives here after so many years. 我不知道这么多年后，他是否还住在这里。

（3）连接代词：what, which, who, whom, whose(在宾语从句中做主、宾、表和定语)

连接副词：where, when, how, why(在宾语从句中做状语)

2、在做宾语从句的题目时应注意时态

（1）当主句是现在时态时，宾语从句可以根据需要使用任何时态。

He tells me that his sister came back yesterday.他告诉我他姐姐昨天回来了。

（2）当主句是过去时态时，宾语从句必须是一种过去的时态。

She asked me if I knew whose pen it was.她问我是否知道这是谁的钢笔。

（3）当表示客观事实或普遍真理的句子做宾语从句时，任何时候都用一般现在时。

The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun.老师说过地球绕着太阳转。

重点语法：if 引导的条件状语从句

结构：主句+ if + 条件状语从句

if + 条件状语从句+ [(comma)] + 主句

注意：

在if 引导的条件状语从句中，主句应用将来时态，状语从句用一般现在时态。例句：You'll have a great time if you go to the party.

=If you go to the party, you'll have a great time.

重点语法：现在完成进行时态

do/does 的现在完成进行时态形式：have/has been doing

do/does 的现在完成进行时态的被动语态：have/has been being done

现在完成进行时态所应用的场合：

①某事从过去发生一直持续到现在都在做

②过去发生的动作对现在造成影响

I have been making progress since he talked with me that time.自从那次他与我谈过心后，我天天都在进步。

现在完成进行时态的肯定句、否定句和疑问句形式：

肯定句例句：I have been skating for five hours.

否定句例句：I haven't been skating for five hours.

一般疑问句例句：Have you been skating for five hours?

特殊疑问句例句：How long have you been skating?

重点语法：现在完成时

一、现在完成时的结构

主语+ have/has + 过去分词+ 其他.(当主语是第三人称单数时用has,其余人称用have.）

否定式:主语+ haven't/hasn't + 过去分词+ 其他.

疑问式: Have /Has + 主语+ 过去分词+ 其他?

简略答语: Yes, 主语+ have/has.(肯定)

No, 主语+ haven't/hasn't.(否定)

二、现在完成时用法、定义详细讲解

1、表示过去所发生的动作或事情对现在的影响或产生的结果，着眼点在现在，主要强调过去发生的事情对现在的影响。

He has lost his wallet.他的钱包丢了。

We’ve had too much rain this year.今年雨水太多。

2、表示一个从过去某个时间开始，延续到现在，并可能延续下去的动作。

He has worked here for over twenty years.他在这里工作已有20多年了。

3、表示说话前发生过一次或多次的动作，现在成为一种经验，一般译为汉语“过”，常带有twice, ever, never, three times等时间状语。

I have been to Beijing twice.我去过北京两次。

重点语法：反意疑问句

反意疑问句由肯定陈述句加否定问句构成，或者由否定陈述句加肯定问句构成。He's a student, isn't he?

She's not his mother, is she?

回答反意疑问句时，要根据事实来回答。若事实是肯定的，则必须用yes 回答。若事实是否定的，则必须用no 回答。

---You're not ready, are you?你还没有准备好，对吧？---No, I'm not.是的，我没有准备好。

---Yes, I am.不，我准备好了。

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初二英语语法总结 1) leave的用法 1.“leave+地点”表示“离开某地”。例如： When did you leave Shanghai? 你什么时候离开上海的？ 2.“leave for+地点”表示“动身去某地”。例如： Next Friday, Alice is leaving for London. 下周五，爱丽斯要去伦敦了。 3.“leave+地点+for+地点”表示“离开某地去某地”。例如： Why are you leaving Shanghai for Beijing? 你为什么要离开上海去北京？ 2) 情态动词should“应该”学会使用 should作为情态动词用，常常表示意外、惊奇、不能理解等，有“竟会”的意思，例如：How should I know? 我怎么知道？ Why should you be so late today? 你今天为什么来得这么晚？ should有时表示应当做或发生的事，例如： We should help each other.我们应当互相帮助。 我们在使用时要注意以下几点： 1. 用于表示“应该”或“不应该”的概念。此时常指长辈教导或责备晚辈。例如： You should be here with clean hands. 你应该把手洗干净了再来。 2. 用于提出意见劝导别人。例如： You should go to the doctor if you feel ill. 如果你感觉不舒服，你最好去看医生。 3. 用于表示可能性。should的这一用法是考试中常常出现的考点之一。例如： We should arrive by supper time. 我们在晚饭前就能到了。 She should be here any moment. 她随时都可能来。 3) What...? 与 Which...? 1. what 与 which 都是疑问代词，都可以指人或事物，但是what仅用来询问职业。如：What is your father? 你父亲是干什么的？ 该句相当于： What does your father do?

人教版新目标八年级下册英语语法

八年级下册英语 1．形容词，副词的比较等级考查热点透视： a)表示A与B在程度上相同时，“as+形容词或副词的原级+as”结构。表示A不如B时，可用“not as/so+形容词或副词的原级+as”结构。 b)表示A比B在程度上“更…..”时，可用“形容词或副词的比较级+than”结构 c)表示三者或三者以上的比较，其中一个在程度上“最…..”时，常用“the+形容词或副词的最高级”结构，后面可带“of/in的短语”来说明比较的范围。（注意：副词的最高级在句中常省略“the”.） d)在形容词或副词的比较级前，可以用“a little, even, far, much,still”的等词语来修饰，以加强语气。 e)表示“越来越….”时，常用“形容词或副词的比较级+and+形容词或副词的比较级”结构，但要注意，对于多音节和部分双音节形容词，副词而言，若要表达此意时，要用“more and more+形容词或副词的原级“结构。 f)在表示“其中最….之一“的含义时，常使用“one of+the+形容词最高级形式+名词复数”结构，其中的定冠词the不可以省略。 g)如果强调“两者中比较…的（一个）”的意思时，可使用“the+形容词比较级+其它”结构。 h)表示“越….越….”, 可使用“the+形容词或副词的比较级，the+形容词或副词的比较级”结构。 2 .一般将来时 a)一般将来时的构成：由助动词shall或will加动词原形构成，shall用于第一人称。在口语中，will在名词或代词后常简略为’ll 用”be going to +动词原形”也可表示将来时，表示将要发生的事，打算或决定要做的事。 b)一般将来时的用法：1）表示将要发生的动作或情况；2）不以人的意志为转移，肯定要发生的事情。The day after tomorrow will be National Day.后天是国庆日。 3. in/after:in是指以现在时间为起点的“在一段时间以后”。也可以表示“在将来多少时间之内”，句子中的谓语动词要用一般将来时态；after常指以过去时间为起点的“一段时间之后”，所以它与过去时态连用。当after指某个特定的未来时刻或日期之后，或指以将来某一时间为起点的若干时间之后时，它可以与将来时态连用。 4.more, less, fewer的用法区别：more为many, much的比较级，意为“更多”，可修饰可数与不可数名词。Less是little 的比较级，意为“更好，较少”，修饰不可数名词。Fewer是few的比较级，意为“更少”，修饰可数名词复数。【注意】few, little表示否定“几乎没有”。a few, a little表示肯定“一点，几个”。 5.would like sth意思为“想要某物“；would like to do意思为”想要做某事“。回答would like句型的一般疑问句时，其肯定回答为“Yes, please.”;否定回答“No, thanks”或“I’d like /love to, but….” 6. Such作形容词，意思是“如此的”“这样的”，修饰各种名词。 Such这样的。如It is such bad weather.天气如此恶劣。 Such常和as搭配，表示一种类别。如We enjoy such a voice as hers.我们喜欢象她那样的嗓子。 Such常和表示结果的that从句搭配，表示“如此….以至于…”如 It was such a hot day that we all had to stay at home. Such…that…和so…that…都可用来引出一个结果状语从句。由于such是形容词，所以that从句前有一个受such 修饰的名词；而so 是副词，用以修饰形容词或副词，因此that从句前一般不出现名词。如 They are such kind-hearted teachers that people in the village all respect them.