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财务管理专业英语期末复习

财务管理专业英语期末复习
财务管理专业英语期末复习

财务管理专业英语期末重点

一、单词

Topic1

财务管理financial management

资本预算capital budgeting

资本结构capital structure

股利政策dividend policy

存货inventory

风险规避risk aversion

股东权益stockholder s’ equity

流动负债current liability

Topic2

财务风险financial risk

合伙制企业partnership

私人业主制企业sole proprietorship

收入revenue

主计长controller

财务困境financial distress

股票期权stock option

首次公开发行股票(IPO) initial public offering Topic 3

盈利能力profitability

偿付能力solvency

利润表income statement

有价证券marketable securities

提款withdrawal

应收账款accounts receivable

递延税款deferred tax

Topic4

流动性比率liquidity ratio

权益乘数equity multiplier

资产收益率(ROA) return on assets

毛利gross profit margin

权益报酬率return on equity

市盈率P/E ratio

杠杆比率leverage ratio

息税前盈余(EBIT) earnings before interest and taxes Topic5

货币时间价值time value of money

年金annuity

折现率discount rate

机会成本opportunity cost

递延年金deferred annuity

条款covenant

到期收益率yield to maturity

违约风险default risk

Topic6

组合portfolio

可分散风险diversifiable risk

概率probability

灵敏度分析sensitivity analysis

有效市场假说efficient market hypothesis

套利定价理论(APT) arbitrage pricing theory

资本资产定价模型capital asset pricing model

期望收益expected return

Topic7

资本支出capital expenditure

资本预算capital budget

破产bankruptcy

制造费用overhead

模拟simulation

期后审计post-audit

沉没成本sunk cost

附加效应side effect

Topic8

金融市场financial market

回购repurchase

操纵manipulate

承销underwriting

私人控股公司privately held corporation

公开上市go public

公开发行public offer

加权平均资本成本weighted average cost of capital Topic9

混合证券hybrid security

风险资本venture capital

期权交易option exchange

贷款额度line of credit

租赁lease

最优资本结构optimal capital structure

目标资本结构desired or target capital structure

可转换债券convertible bond

Topic10

股票回购stock repurchase

股票股利stock dividends

股票分割stock split

所有权稀释dilution of ownership

剩余股利政策residual dividend policy

清算股利liquidating dividend

现金股利cash dividends

股票股利stock dividends

Topic11

营运资本管理working capital management

商业票据commercial paper

支出disbursement

信用期限credit period

交易动机transaction motive

短期有价证券marketable security

回购协议repurchase agreement

银行承兑汇票bankers’ acceptance

Topic12

国际财务管理international financial management

国际货币基金组织International Monetary Fund

跨国公司multinational corporation /international corporation

汇率exchange rate

间接标价indirect quotation

贬值depreciate

远期交易forward trade

货币互换currency swap

二、计算公式

1.Capm公式资本资产定价模型公式capital assets pricing model

r i=r RF+(R M- r RF)?i r RF= risk free rate

资产无风市场风险系数R M= market rate

预期险市回报

回报场利率

率率

2.wacc公式加权平均资本成本weighted average cost of capital

WACC=(k e*w e)+[k d*(1-t)*W d]WACC=[equity/(equity+debt)]*cost of equity*(1-corporate tax rate)

Wacc=(股权/总资本)*股权成本+(债务/总资本)*债务成本*(1-企业所得税率)

三、填空

1.The risk of an asset can be considered in two ways (1)on a stand-alone basis. where the asset’s cash flows are analyzed by themselves ,or(2)a portfolio context, where the asset’s cash flows are combine with those of other asset.

2.In a portfolio context ,an asset’s risk can be divided into two components :

在投资组合中资产风险可以分为(1)diversifiable risk,which can be diversified away and thus is of little concern to diversified investors , and (2)market risk, which reflect the risk of a general stock market risk decline and cannot be eliminated by diversification.

3 .There are three types of financial market efficiency 金融市场的有效性

(1)allocationally efficient

(2)operationally efficient

(3)informationally efficient

4. Project Classifications 项目分类

(1)expansion project 扩建项目

(2)replacement project 更新项目

(3)Independent project 独立项目

(4)Mutually exclusive project 互不相容项目

5.Investment Rules 投资政策

Managers use a variety of rules to evaluate and select capital investments; 管理使用各种各样的规则来评估和选择投资

(1)Net Present value (NPV) 净现值

(2)Profitability index(PI) 现值系数

(3)Internal rate of return (IRR) 内部报酬率

(4)Payback period (PP) 回购期 and

(5)Discounted payback period (DDP) 折扣回购期

6,The post-audit has two main purpose :期后审计的两个虽最重要目的

(1)Improve forecasts 提高预测

(2)Improve operations 改善经营

7.Financial market serve three important functions in a healthy economy:金融市场在健全经济体系中的三个重要功能

(1)Help channel funds from suppliers to demanders 帮助供应商和需求者建立资金渠道

(2)Provide a resale market .提供零售市场

(3)Set market price and rates of return 设置市场价格和收益率

8.Types of Financial Markets 金融市场的类型

(1)Money Market /Capital Market 货币市场和资本市场

(2)Primary Market /Secondary market一级市场和二级市场

(3)Private Market / Public Market 私下市场和公开市场

9.investment banks provide three major services in handing a new security issue :投资银行在持有新证券发行时提供的三个主要服务:

(1)Advising 咨询

(2)Underwriting 承销

(3)Marketing 营销

10.Equity 股权融资

(1)Owner’s equity所有者权益(2)Venture Capital and private Equity风险投资和私募投资(3)common stock 普通股(4)warrants 认证权证(5)Contingent value right 或有价值权利

11.Debt债务融资

(1)bank debt 银行借款(2)bonds 债券(3)leases 租赁

12.Firms generally consider the following factor when making capital structure decisions:

公司选择资本结构时一般要考虑下列因素

(1)Sale stability 销售稳定性(2)Asset structure 资产结构(3)Operating leverage 经营杠杆

(4)Growth 增长率(5)Profitability 盈利能力(6)Taxes 税收(7)Control 控制(8)Management attitudes 管理(9)Lender and rating agency attitudes 贷款人及评级机构的态度(10)Market conditions 市场条件(11)The firm’s internal condition 企业内部条件(12)Financial flexibility 财务灵活性

13.Dividend payout procedure 派息程序

(1)Declaration date 除息日(2)Ex-dividend date 除息日(3)record date 股权登记日(4)Payment date 股利支付日

14. Types of dividends 股利种类

(1)Cash dividend 现金股利(2)Stock dividend 股票股利(3)Property dividend 财产股利

15. Factors Influencing the dividend decision 影响股利决策因素

(1)Shareholder factors 股东因素(2) Firm factors 公司因素(3) Other constraints 其他因素16. Cash management involves three major decision areas 现金管理的三个决策

(1)Determining appropriate cash balances 确定适当的现金余额

(2)Investing idle cash 投资闲置资金

(3)Managing collections and disbursements 管理收款和付款

17. Credit policy 信贷政策5cs

One technique that is useful aid in deciding whether to grant credit is the Five Cs of Credit .Credit analysts generally consider five factors when determining whether to grant credit:

(1)character 特征(2) capacity 能力(3) capital 资本(4) collateral 抵押(5)conditions 条件

18. Inventory management techniques 存货管理技术

Management commonly use four inventory management techniques:管理者通常使用的4个存货管理制度

(1)the abc system abc系统(2)the economic order quantity(EOQ) model 经济定价量模型(3)the just-in-time (JII) system 定时采购系统(4) the materials requirement planning (MRP) system 物料需求

财务管理专业英语 句子及单词翻译

Financial management is an integrated decision-making process concerned with acquiring, financing, and managing assets to accomplish some overall goal within a business entity. 财务管理是为了实现一个公司总体目标而进行的涉及到获取、融资和资产管理的综合决策过程。 Decisions involving a firm’s short-term assets and liabilities refer to working capital management. 决断涉及一个公司的短期的资产和负债提到营运资金管理 The firm’s long-term financing decisions concern the right-hand side of the balance sheet. 该公司的长期融资决断股份资产负债表的右边。 This is an important decision as the legal structure affects the financial risk faced by the owners of the company. 这是一个重要的决定作为法律结构影响金融风险面对附近的的业主的公司。 The board includes some members of top management(executive directors), but should also include individuals from outside the company(non-executive directors). 董事会包括有些隶属于高层管理人员(执行董事),但将也包括个体从外公司(非执行董事)。 Maximization of shareholder wealth focuses only on stockholders whereas maximization of firm value encompasses all financial claimholders including common stockholders, debt holders, and preferred stockholders. 股东财富最大化只集中于股东,而企业价值最大化包含所有的财务债券持有者,包括普通股股东,债权人和优先股股东。 Given these assumptions,shareholders’ wealth maximization is consistent with the best interests of stakeholders and society in the long run。 根据这些假设,从长期来看,股东财富最大化与利益相关者和社会的最好利润是相一致的。 No competing measure that can provide as comprehensive a measure of a firm’s standi ng. Given these assumptions, shareholders’ wealth maximization is consistent with the best interests of stakeholders and society in the long run. 没有竞争措施,能提供由于全面的一个措施的一个公司的站。给这些臆说,股东'财富最大化一贯不比任何人差项目干系人项目利益相关者的利益,社会从长远说来。 In reality, managers may ignore the interests of shareholders, and choose instead to make investment and financing decisions that benefit themselves. 在现实中,经理可能忽视股东的利益,而是选择利于自身的投资和融资决策。 Financial statements are probably the important source of information from which these various stakeholders(other than management) can assess a firm’s financial health. 财务报表可能是最重要的信息来源,除管理者以外的各种利益相关者可以利用这些报表来评估一个公司的财务状况。 The stockholders’ equity section lists preferred stock, common stock and capital surplus and accumulated retained earnings. 股东权益列示有优先股,普通股,资本盈余和累积留存收益。 The assets, which are the “things” the company owns, are listed in the order of decreasing liquidity, or length of time it typically takes to convert them to cash at fair market values, beginning with the firm’s current assets. 资产,也就是公司拥有的东西,是按照流动性递减的顺序或将它们转换为公允市场价值所需要的时间来排列的,通常从流动资产开始。The market value of a firm’s equity is equal to the number of shares of common stock outstanding times the price per share, while the amoun t reported on the firm’s balance sheet is basically the cumulative amount the firm raised when issuing common stock and any reinvested net income(retained earnings). 公司权益的市场价值等于其发行在外的普通股份数乘以每股价格,而资产负债表上的总额则主要是公司在发行普通股以及分配任何再投资净收益(留存收益)时累积的数额。 When compared to accelerated methods, straight-line depreciation has lower depreciation expense in the early years of asset life, which tends to a higher tax expense but higher net income. 与加速折旧法相比,直线折旧法在资产使用年限的早期折旧费用较低,这也会趋向于较高的税金费用和较高的净收入。 The statement of cash flows consists of three sections:(1)operating cash flows,(2)investing cash flows, and(3)financing cash flows. Activities in each area that bring in cash represent sources of cash while activities that involve spending cash are uses of cash. 该声明现金流量表包含三个部分:(1)经营现金流,(2)投资的现金流,(3)融资现金流。在每个地区活动带来现金来源的现金而代表活动涉及到花钱是使用现金 Financing activities include new debt issuances, debt repayments or retirements, stock sales and repurchases, and cash dividend payments. 筹资活动,包括发行新债券,偿还债务,股票销售和回购,以及现金股利支付。 Not surprisingly, Enron’s executives had realized some $750 million in salaries, bonuses and profits from stock options in the 12 months before the company went bankrupt. 毫不奇怪, 公司破产前的十二个月里,安然的高管们实现了7.5亿美金的工资、奖金和股票期权利润。First, financial ratios are not standardized. 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信息管理专业英语第二版参考答案

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