华为系列交换机常用命令
华为系列交换机常用命令:
dis vlan 显示vlan
name text 指定当前vlan的名称
undo name 取消
dis startup 显示启动配置文件的信息
dis user-interface 显示用户界面的相关信息
dis web users 显示web用户的相关信息。
header login 配置登陆验证是显示信息
header shell
[h3c] vlan 2
[h3c-vlan2]name test vlan
dis users 显示用户
undo header
lock 锁住当前用户界面
acl 访问控制列表 acl number inbound/outbound
[h3c]user-interface vty 0 4
[h3c-vty0-4] acl 2000 inbound
shutdown:关闭vlan接口
undo shutdown 打开vlan接口
关闭vlan1 接口
[h3c] interface vlan-interface 1
[h3c-vlan-interface] shutdown
vlan vlan-id 定义vlan
undo valn vlan-id
display ip routing-table
display ip routing-table protocol static
display ip routing-table statistics
display ip routing-table verbose 查看路由表的全部详细信息
interface vlan-interface vlan-id 进入valn
management-vlan vlan-id 定义管理vlan号
reset ip routing-table statistics protocol all 清除所有路由协议的路由信息.
display garp statistics interface GigabitEthernet 1/0/1 显示以太网端口上的garp统计信息
display voice vlan status 查看语音vlan状态
[h3c-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] broadcast-suppression 20 允许接受的最大广播流量为该端口传输能力的20%.超出部分丢弃.
[h3c-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] broadcast-suppression pps 1000 每秒允许接受的最大广播数据包为1000传输能力的20%.超出部分丢弃.
display interface GigabitEthernet1/0/1 查看端口信息
display brief interface GigabitEthernet1/0/1 查看端口简要配置信息
display loopback-detection 用来测试环路测试是否开启
display transceiver-information interface GigabitEthernet1/0/50 显示光口相关信息
duplex auto/full/half
[h3c]interface GigabitEthernet1/0/1
[h3c-GigabitEthernet1/0/1]duplux auto 设置端口双工属性为自协商
port link-type access/hybrid/trunk 默认为access
port trunk permit vlan all 将trunk扣加入所有vlan中
reset counters interface GigabitEthernet1/0/1 清楚端口的统计信息
speed auto 10/100/1000
display port-security 查看端口安全配置信息
am user-bind mac-addr 00e0-fc00-5101 ip-addr 10.153.1.2 interface GigabitEthernet1/0/1 端口ip绑定
display arp 显示arp
display am user-bind 显示端口绑定的配置信息
display mac-address 显示交换机学习到的mac地址
display stp 显示生成树状态与统计信息
[h3c-GigabitEthernet1/0/1]stp instance 0 cost 200 设置生成树实例0上路径开销为200
stp cost 设置当前端口在指定生成树实例上路径开销。instance-id 为0-16 0表cist 取值范围1-200000
system-guard enable 启用系统防攻击功能
display icmp statistics icmp流量统计
display ip socket
display ip statistics
display acl all
acl number acl-number match-order auto/conf
ig
acl-number (2000-2999 是基本acl 3000-3999是高级acl为管理员预留的编号)
rule deny/permit protocal
访问控制
[h3c] acl number 3000
[h3c-acl-adv-3000]rule permit tcp source 129.9.0.0 0.0.255.255 destination 202.38.160.0 0.0.255.255 destination-port eq 80 (
定义高级acl 3000,允许129.0.0/16网段的主机向202.38.160/24网段主机访问端口80)
rule permit source 211.100.255.0 0.255.255.255
rule deny cos 3 souce 00de-bbef-adse ffff-ffff-fff dest 0011-4301-9912 ffff-ffff-ffff
(禁止mac地址00de-bbef-adse发送到mac地址0011-4301-9912且802.1p优先级为3的报文通过)
display qos-interface GigabitEthernet1/0/1 traffic-limit 查看端口上流量
端口速率限制
line-rate inbound/outbound target-rate
inbound:对端口接收报文进行速率限制
outbound: 对端口发送报文进行速率限制
target-rate 对报文限制速率,单位kbps 千兆口 inbound范围1-1000000 outbound范围20-1000000
undo line-rate取消限速.
[h3c]interface GigabitEthernet1/0/1
[h3c-GigabitEthernet1/0/1]line-rate outbound 128 限制出去速率为128kbps
display arp | include 77
display arp count 计算arp表的记录数
display ndp 显示交换机端口的详细配置信息。
display ntdp device-list verbose 收集设备详细信息
display lock
display users
display cpu
display memory
display fan
display device
display power
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交换机命令
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[Quidway]dis cur ；显示当前配置
[Quidway]display current-configuration ；显示当前配置
[Quidway]display interfaces ；显示接口信息
[Quidway]display vlan all ；显示路由信息
[Quidway]display version ；显示版本信息
[Quidway]super password simple
[Quidway]sysname
[Quidway]interface ethernet0/1 ；进入接口视图
[Quidway]int e0/1 ；简写方式
[Quidway]interface vlan-interface
[Quidway]int vlan
[Quidway-Vlan-interfacen]ip address 10.65.1.1 255.255.0.0 ；配置VLAN的IP地址
[Quidway]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 10.65.1.2 ；静态路由＝网关
[Quidway]rip ；三层交换支持
[Quidway]local-user ftp ；建立ftp用户
[Quidway]user-interface vty 0 4 ；进入虚拟终端
[S3026-ui-vty0-4]authentication-mode password ；设置口令模式
[S3026-ui-vty0-4]set authentication-mode password simple 222 ；设置
口令
[S3026-ui-vty0-4]user privilege level 3 ；用户级别
[Quidway]interface ethernet0/1 ；进入端口模式
[Quidway]int e0/1 ；进入端口模式
[Quidway-Ethernet0/1]duplex {half|full|auto} ；配置端口工作状态
[Quidway-Ethernet0/1]speed {10|100|auto} ；配置端口工作速率
[Quidway-Ethernet0/1]flow-control ；配置端口流控
[Quidway-Ethernet0/1]mdi {across|auto|normal} ；配置端口平接扭接
[Quidway-Ethernet0/1]port link-type {trunk|access|hybrid} ；设置端口工作模式
[Quidway-Ethernet0/1]port access vlan 3 ；当前端口加入到VLAN
[Quidway-Ethernet0/1]port trunk permit vlan {ID|All} ；设trunk允许的VLAN
[Quidway-Ethernet0/1]port trunk pvid vlan 3 ；设置trunk端口的PVID
[Quidway-Ethernet0/1]undo shutdown ；激活端口
[Quidway-Ethernet0/1]shutdown ；关闭端口
[Quidway-Ethernet0/1]quit ；返回
[Quidway]vlan 3 ；创建VLAN
[Quidway-vlan3]port ethernet 0/1 ；在VLAN中增加端口
[Quidway-vlan3]port e0/1 ；简写方式
[Quidway-vlan3]port ethernet 0/1 to ethernet 0/4 ；在VLAN中增加端口
[Quidway-vlan3]port e0/1 to e0/4 ；简写方式
[Quidway]monitor-port
[Quidway]port mirror
[Quidway]port mirror
例如：
[Quidway]port mirror e0/1 to e0/4 observing-port e0/7 ；指定镜像和被镜像
[Quidway]description string ；指定VLAN描述字符
[Quidway]description ；删除VLAN描述字符
[Quidway]display vlan [vlan_id] ；查看VLAN设置
[Quidway]stp {enable|disable} ；设置生成树,默认关闭
[Quidway]stp priority 4096 ；设置交换机的优先级
[Quidway]stp root {primary|secondary} ；设置为根或根的备份
[Quidway-Ethernet0/1]stp cost 200 ；设置交换机端口的花费
[Quidway]link-aggregation e0/1 to e0/4 ingress|both ; 端口的聚合
[Quidway]undo link-aggregation e0/1|all ; 始端口为通道号
[SwitchA-vlanx]isolate-user-vlan enable ；设置主vlan
[SwitchA]isolate-user-vlan ；
设主vlan包括的子vlan
[Quidway-Ethernet0/2]port hybrid pvid vlan
[Quidway-Ethernet0/2]undo port hybrid pvid ；删除vlan的pvid
[Quidway-Ethernet0/2]port hybrid vlan vlan_id_list untagged ；设置无标识的vlan
如果数据包的vlan id与PVId一致，则去掉vlan信息. 默认PVID=1。
所以设置PVID为所属vlan id, 设置可以互通的vlan为untagged。
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路由器命令
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[Quidway]display version ；显示版本信息
[Quidway]display current-configuration ；显示当前配置
[Quidway]display interfaces ；显示接口信息
[Quidway]display ip route ；显示路由信息
[Quidway]sysname
[Quidway]super passwrod
[Quidway]int s0/0 ；进入接口
[Quidway-serial0/0]clock rate 64000 ；设置同步时钟
[Quidway-serial0/0]ip address
例：
[Quidway-serial0/0]ip address 10.65.1.1 255.255.0.0 ；或
[Quidway-serial0/0]ip address 10.65.1.1 16 ；
[Quidway-serial0/0]undo shutdown ；激活端口
[Quidway]link-protocol hdlc ；绑定hdlc协议
[Quidway]user-interface vty 0 4
[Quidway-ui-vty0-4]authentication-mode password
[Quidway-ui-vty0-4]set authentication-mode password simple 222
[Quidway-ui-vty0-4]user privilege level 3
[Quidway-ui-vty0-4]quit
[Quidway]debugging hdlc all serial0 ；显示所有信息
[Quidway]debugging hdlc event serial0 ；调试事件信息
[Quidway]debugging hdlc packet serial0 ；显示包的信息
静态路由：
[Quidway]ip route-static
例如：
[Quidway]ip route-static 129.1.0.0 16 10.0.0.2
[Quidway]ip route-static 129.1.0.0 255.255.0.0 10.0.0.2
[Quidway]ip route-static 129.1.0.0 16 Serial 2
[Quidway]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 10.0.0.2
动态路由：
[Quidway]rip ；设置动态路由
[Quidway]rip work ；设置工作允许
[Quidway]rip input ；设置入口允许
[Quidway]rip output ；设置出口允许
[Quidway-rip]network 10.0.0.0 ；设置交换路由网络
[Quidway-
rip]network all ；设置与所有网络交换
[Quidway-rip]peer ip-address ；指定交换点
[Quidway-rip]summary ；路由聚合
[Quidway]rip version 1 ；设置工作在版本1
[Quidway]rip version 2 multicast ；设版本2，多播方式
[Quidway-Ethernet0/0]rip split-horizon ；水平分隔
[Quidway]router id A.B.C.D ；配置路由器的ID
[Quidway]ospf enable ；启动OSPF协议
[Quidway-ospf]import-route direct ；引入直联路由
[Quidway-Serial0/0]ospf enable area
标准访问列表命令格式如下：
acl number
rule [normal|special]{permit|deny} source
[Quidway]acl number 2001
[Quidway-acl-basic-2001]rule normal permit source 10.0.0.0 0.0.0.255
[Quidway-acl-basic-2001]rule normal deny source any
扩展访问控制列表配置命令
配置TCP/UDP协议的扩展访问列表：
rule {normal|special}{permit|deny}{tcp|udp}source {
[operate]
配置ICMP协议的扩展访问列表：
rule {normal|special}{permit|deny}icmp source {
[icmp-code] [logging]
扩展访问控制列表操作符的含义
equal portnumber ；等于
greater-than portnumber ；大于
less-than portnumber ；小于
not-equal portnumber ；不等
range portnumber1 portnumber2 ；区间
扩展访问控制列表举例
[Quidway]acl number 3001
[Quidway-acl-3001]rule deny souce any destination any
[Quidway-acl-3001]rule permit icmp source any destination any icmp-type echo
[Quidway-acl-3001]rule permit icmp source any destination any icmp-type echo-reply
[Quidway]acl number 3002
[Quidway-acl-3002]rule permit ip source 10.0.0.1 0.0.0.0 destination 202.0.0.1 0.0.0.0
[Quidway-acl-3002]rule deny ip source any destination any
[Quidway]acl number 103
[Quidway-acl-103]rule permit tcp source any destination 10.0.0.1 0.0.0.0 destination-port equal ftp
[Quidway-acl-103]rule permit tcp source any destination 10.0.0.2 0.0.0.0 destination-port equal www
[Quidway]firewall enable
[Quidway]firewall default permit|deny
[Quidway]int e0/0
[Quidway-Ethernet0/0]firewall packet-filter 2001 inbound|outbound
设有公网IP：202.38.160.101~202.38.160.103 ;对外访问
[Quidway]nat address-group 202.38.160.101 202.38.160.103 pool1 ;建立地址池
[Quidway]acl 2001
[Quidway-acl-basic-2001]rule permit
source 10.110.10.0 0.0.0.255 ;指定允许的内部网络
[Quidway-acl-basic-2001]rule deny source any
[Quidway-acl-basic-2001]int s0/0
[Quidway-Serial0/0]nat outbound 2001 address-group pool1 ;在s0口从地址池取出IP对外访问
[Quidway-Serial0/0]nat server global 202.38.160.101 inside 10.110.10.1 ftp tcp
[Quidway-Serial0/0]nat server global 202.38.160.102 inside 10.110.10.2 www tcp
[Quidway-Serial0/0]nat server global 202.38.160.102 8080 inside 10.110.10.3 www tcp
[Quidway-Serial0/0]nat server global 202.38.160.103 inside 10.110.10.4 smtp udp
PPP设置：
[Quidway-Serial0/0]link-protocol ppp ;默认的协议
PPP验证：
主验方：pap|chap
[Quidway]local-user q2 password {simple|cipher} hello ;路由器1
[Quidway]interface s0/0
[Quidway-serial0/0]ppp authentication-mode {pap|chap}
[Quidway-serial0/0]ppp chap user q1 ;pap时，没有此句
pap被验方：
[Quidway]interface s0/0 ;路由器2
[Quidway-serial0/0]ppp pap local-user q2 password {simple|cipher} hello
chap被验方：
[Quidway]interface s0/0 ;路由器2
[Quidway-serial0/0]ppp chap user q2 ;自己路由器名
[Quidway-serial0/0]local-user q1 password {simple|cipher} hello ;对方路由器名
帧中继frame-relay (二分册6-61)
[q1]fr switching
[q1]int s0/1
[q1-Serial0/1]ip address 192.168.34.51 255.255.255.0
[q1-Serial0/1]link-protocol fr ;封装帧中继协议
[q1-Serial0/1]fr interface-type dce
[q1-Serial0/1]fr dlci 100
[q1-Serial0/1]fr inarp
[q1-Serial0/1]fr map ip 192.168.34.52 dlci 100
[q2]int s0/1
[q2-Serial0/1]ip address 192.168.34.52 255.255.255.0
[q2-Serial0/1]link-protocol fr
[q2-Serial0/1]fr interface-type dte
[q2-Serial0/1]fr dlci 100
[q2-Serial0/1]fr inarp
[q2-Serial0/1]fr map ip 192.168.34.51 dlci 100
帧中继监测
[q1]display fr lmi-info[]interface type number]
[q1]display fr map
[q1]display fr pvc-info[serial interface-number][dlci dlci-number]
[q1]display fr dlci-switch
[q1]display fr interface
[q1]reset fr inarp-info
[q1]debugging fr all[interface type number]
[q1]debugging fr arp[interface type number]
[q1]debugging fr event[interface type number]
[q1]debugging fr lmi[interface type number]
地址转换配置举例
[Quidway]firewall enable
[Quidway]firewall default permit
[Quidway]acl 2001 ;内部指定主机可以进入e0
[Quidway-acl-basic-2001]rule deny ip source any destination any
[Quidway-acl-basic-2001]rule permit ip source 129.38.1.1 0 destination any
[Quidway-acl-basic-2001]rule permit ip source 129.38.1.2 0 destination any
[Quidway-acl-basic-2001]rule permit ip source 129.38.1.3 0 destination any
[Quidway-acl-basic-2001]rule permit ip source 129.38.1.4 0 destination any
[Quidway-acl-basic-2001]quit
[Quidway]int e0/0
[Quidway-Ethernet0]fir
ewall packet-filter 2001 inbound
[Quidway]acl 3002 ;外部特定主机和大于1024端口的数据包允许进入S0
[Quidway-acl-adv-3002]rule deny ip source any destination any
[Quidway-acl-adv-3002]rule permit tcp source 202.39.2.3 0 destination 202.38.160.1 0
[Quidway-acl-adv-3002]rule permit tcp source any destination 202.38.160.1 0 destination-port
great-than
1024
[Quidway-acl-adv-3002]quit
[Quidway]int s0/0
[Quidway-Serial0/0]firewall packet-filter 102 inbound
[Quidway-Serial0/0]nat outbound 3002 interface ;是Easy ip，将acl允许的IP从本接口出时变换源地址。
内部服务器地址转换配置命令(静态nat)：
nat server global
[Quidway-Serial0/0]nat server global 202.38.160.1 inside 129.38.1.1 ftp tcp
[Quidway-Serial0/0]nat server global 202.38.160.1 inside 129.38.1.2 telnet tcp
[Quidway-Serial0/0]nat server global 202.38.160.1 inside 129.38.1.3 www tcp
启动ftp服务：
[Quidway]local-user ftp password {simple|cipher} aaa service-type ftp
[Quidway]ftp server enable