2017年6月大学英语六级翻译练习题：网络经济与传统经济

2017年6月大学英语六级翻译练习

题：网络经济与传统经济

*

请将下面这段话翻译成英文：

21世纪被人们称为“网络称雄”的时代，网络空间(cyberspace)将是本世纪重要的战略资源。网络经济对传统经济理论产生了重大影响，甚至改变着传统经济学中的许多理论。网络经济具有明显的规模效应，规模越大，用户越多，产品越具有标准性，所带来的商业机会就越多，其效益就越大，但是网络再神奇，它也不能脱离传统经济而独立存在。脱离了传统经济，网络经济就成了无水之源、无本之木。

参考翻译:

The 21st century is named as the era of “Internet asthe

king”.Cyberspace will be an important strategicresource in this https://www.sodocs.net/doc/3b16382595.html,work economy has greatinfluence on the traditional economic theories andeven changes https://www.sodocs.net/doc/3b16382595.html,work economy has obviousscale effect.A greater scale promises more clients,products of more standard level,morebusiness opportunities and thus much more interests.No matter how miraculous the Internetis,it cannot exist independently without traditional economy.Without traditionaleconomy,network economy will be like the fountain without water and the trees withoutroots,which will not make a sustainable development.

1.网络称雄:可译为Internet as the king。

2.网络经济:可译为network economy。

3.对…产生了重大影响:文中译为has great influence on。

4.网络经济具有明显的规模效应，规模越大，用户越多，产品越具有标准性，所带来的商业机会就越多，其效益就越大:可译为A greater scale promises more clients,productsof more standard level,more business opportunitiesand thus much more interests。

5.网络再神奇:即“无论网络多么神奇”，故可译为No matter how miraculous the Internet is...

备注说明，非正文，实际使用可删除如下部分。本内容仅给予阅读编辑指点：

1、本文件由微软OFFICE办公软件编辑而成，同时支持WPS。

2、文件可重新编辑整理。

3、建议结合本公司和个人的实际情况进行修正编辑。

4、因编辑原因，部分文件文字有些微错误的，请自行修正，并不影响本文阅读。

Note: it is not the text. The following parts can be deleted for actual use. This content only gives reading and editing instructions:

1. This document is edited by Microsoft office office software and supports WPS.

2. The files can be edited and reorganized.

3. It is suggested to revise and edit according to the actual situation of the company and individuals.

4. Due to editing reasons, some minor errors in the text of some documents should be corrected by yourself, which does not affect the reading of this article.

2017年12月大学英语六级第二套听力真题及答案

2017年12月六级真题2 Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), D) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 1. A) Say a few words to thank the speaker. B) Introduce the speaker to the audience. C) Give a lecture on the history of the town. D) Host a talk on how to give a good speech. 2. A) He was the founder of the local history society. B) He has worked with Miss Bligh for 20 years. C) He has published a book on public speaking. D) He joined the local history society when young. 3. A) She was obviously better at talking than writing. B) She had a good knowledge of the town's history. C) Her speech was so funny as to amuse the audience. D) Her ancestors came to the town in the 18th century. 4. A) He read exactly what was written in his notes. B) He kept forgetting what he was going to say. C) He made an embarrassing remark. D) He was too nervous to speak up Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 5. A) What their retailers demand. B) What their rivals are doing. C) How they are going to beat their rivals. D) How dramatically the market is changing. 6. A) They should be taken seriously. B) They are rapidly catching up. C) Their business strategy is quite effective. D) Their potential has been underestimated. 7. A) She had given it to Tom. B) It simply made her go frantic. C) She had not seen it yet. D) It was not much of a big concern. 8. A) Restructuring the whole company. B) Employing more forwarding agents. C) Promoting cooperation with Jayal Motors. D) Exporting their motorbikes to Indonesia Section B Directions: In this section, you will hear two passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once.

大学英语六级翻译练习题

大学英语六级翻译练习题 Translation One (5minutes) Directions: Complete the following sentences on Answer Sheet 2 by translating into English the Chinese given in the brackets. 72. From what you would get angry with you friends, we can conclude you still ( 在意他的友情). 73. Man might think that few women fit him before his marriage, and ( 结婚后觉得适合自己的女人很多). 74. Among thousands of people ,you meet those you've met. Through thousands of years, with the boundlessness of time ( 没有早一步, 也没有晚一步, 刚巧赶上了). 75. Everyone has his inherent ability which is easily . ( 被习惯所掩盖, 被时间所迷离, 被惰性所消磨). 76. While our dream is confronted with the reality ,you always feel painful. Just trample on the pain, ( 要么你把痛苦踩在脚下). Translation Two (5 minutes) Directions: Complete the following sentences on Answer Sheet 2 by translating into English the Chinese given in the brackets. 72.Scientists will have to _________________________________________________(提出增 加世界粮食供应的新方法). 73.The medicine _____________________________________________________(治愈了那 个老妇人的慢性咳嗽) which she had suffered 20 years. 74.Sometimes I fight for Mom and sometimes I fight for Dad, but I wish ________________________________________________________ (他们能让我从中完全解脱出来). 75.Many people believe that our species ___________________________________________ (有朝一日会濒临灭绝). 76.The doctor said that __________________________________________________ (保持饮 食均衡很重要). Translation Three ( five minutes) 72. He did very well in his exams , _________________________(考虑到他学的很少). 73. Beijing has announced that _________________________(在任何请光下，中国将不首先使

2017年6月英语六级第一套及答案解析

2017年6月大学英语六级考试真题及答案解析（第一套完整版） Part I Writing (30 minutes) Directions: Suppose you are asked to give advice on whether to attend a vocational college or a university, write an essay to state your opinion. You are required to write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words. Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes) Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 1. A) He would feel insulted. B) He would feel very sad. C) He would be embarrassed. D) He would be disappointed. 2. A) They are worthy of a prize. B) They are of little value. C) They make good reading. D) They need improvement. 3. A) He seldom writes a book straight through. B) He writes several books simultaneously. C) He draws on his real-life experiences. D) He often turns to his wife for help. 4. A) Writing a book is just like watching a football match. B) Writers actually work every bit as hard as footballers. C) He likes watching a football match after finishing a book. D) Unlike a football match, there is no end to writing a book. Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 5. A) Achievements of black male athletes in college. B) Financial assistance to black athletes in college. C) High college dropout rates among black athletes. D) Undergraduate enrollments of black athletes. 6. A) They display great talent in every kind of game. B) They are better at sports than at academic work. C) They have difficulty finding money to complete their studies. 7. A) About 15%. B) Around 40%. C) Slightly over 50%. D) Approximately 70%. 8. A) Coaches lack the incentive to graduate them. B) College degrees do not count much to them. C) They have little interest in academic work. D) Schools do not deem it a serious problem. Section B Directions: In this section, you will hear two passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose

2017年12月六级真题第三套

2017年12月大学英语六级考试真题（第3套） Part I Writing (30 minutes) （请于正式开考后半小时内完成该部分，之后将进行听力考试） Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay commenting on the saying "Help others, and you will be helped when you are in need " You can cite examples to illustrate your views. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words. Part II Listening Comprehension (30minutes)说明：由于2017年12月六级考试全国共考了2套听力，本套真题听力与前2套内容完全一样，只是顺序不一样，因此在本套真题中不再重复出现。 Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes) Section A Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once. Question 26 to 35 are based on the following passage. Many European countries have been making the shift to electric vehicles and Germany has just stated that they plan to ban the sale of vehicles using gasoline and diesel as fuel by 2030. The country is also planning to reduce its carbon footprint by 80-95% by 2050, ___26___ a shift to green energy in the country. Effectively, the ban will include the registration of new cars in the country as they will not allow any gasoline ___27___ vehicle to be registered after 2030. Part of the reason this ban is being discussed and ___28___ is because energy officials see that they will not reach their emissions goals by 2050 if they do not ___29___ a large portion of vehicle emissions. The country is still ___30___ that it will meet its emissions goals, like reducing emissions by 40% by 2020, but the ___31___ of electric cars in the country has not occurred as fast as expected. Other efforts to increase the use of electric vehicles include plans to build over 1 million hybrid and electric car battery charging stations across the country. By 2030, Germany plans on having over 6 million charging stations ___32___. According to the International Business Times, electric car sales are expected to increase as Volkswagen is still recovering from its emissions scandal. There are ___33___ around 155,000 registered hybrid and electric vehicles on German roads, dwarfed by the 45 million gasoline and diesel cars driving there now. As countries continue setting goals of reducing emissions, greater steps need to be taken to have a ___34___ effect on the surrounding environment. While the efforts are certainly not ___35___, the results of such bans will likely only start to be seen by generations down the line, bettering the world for the future. A) acceptance I) incidentally B) currently J) installed C) disrupting K) noticeable D) eliminate L) powered E) exhaust M) restoration F) futile N) skeptical G) hopeful O) sparking H) implemented Section B Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a

(经济范文)网络经济与传统经济

网络经济与传统经济 21世纪被人们称络称雄”的时络空间将是这一世纪重要的战略资络经济不论是从理论还是实践层面都对传统经济提出了很大挑战。 络经济对传统经济理论的冲击 网络经济以新的视野或用新的方法来解释原有的理论，使其有新的发展。例如，引入信息的不定全性、有成本性、非对称性，使经济学中传统的市场理论、均衡理论、企业理论等发生了质的变络经济还从新的经济现象出发，研究和确立新的经济理论。例如，信息产业的发展推动经济学在研究边际效益递增理论、无形资产及其评估理论的作用等。 1．对生产力要素理论的影响 (1)使生产力的首要因素劳动力对信息能力的依赖空前增强，并促进新型劳动者即信息劳动者的出现与快速增加，(2)使生产力中起积极作用的活跃因素劳动络化、智能化以及隐含在其内的信息与知识的比重急剧增大，络本身也成了公用的或专用的重要劳动工具，(3)使不可缺少的生产要素劳动对象能得到更好的利用，并扩大其涵盖的范围，数据、信息、知识等都成了新的劳动对象，(4)使生产力发展中起革命性作用的科学技术如虎添翼，并不断强化了科学技术对社会、经济的渗透和带动作用：(5)使对生产力发展有潜在重要作用的教育发生了根本性变革。远程教育、终身教育日趋重要，(6)使组合、协调生产力有关要素以提高它们综合效益的管理对生产力发展的决定性作用更加强化，从而导致

管理科技也成了高科技。管理信息化已发展到、、互际网新阶段并与各种业务流程信息化相融合：(7)使作为生产力特殊软要素的信息与知识通过对生产力其他要素所起的重大影响和通过对这些要素的有序化组织、总体性协调，发挥其物质变精神、精神变物质两个过程相互结合的特殊作用。 2．对边际效益递减理论作用的影响 在农业经济和工业经济中，由于物质、能量资源的有限性或稀缺性、技术进步的相对稳定性、市场容量的饱和性，当需求依靠供给来满足时，任一投入产出系统中，随着投入的增加边际产出(即边际效益)呈递减趋势，这是规律性现象。络经济阶段，信息资源成了主要资源，该资源可再生和重复利用，对其生产者无竞争性而对其使用者无排它性，它的成本不随使用量的增加而成比例增加，同时信息技术发展快、变化大、生命周期短，而且需求往往是由供给创造的，产品受市场容量饱和的影响较小。因此在投入与产出的关系中出现了类似“边际效益递增”的现象，使边际效益递减规律的作用范围缩小。 3．对规模经济的影响 在信息经络经济中，由于生产技术和管理技术的集成化、柔性化发展，数字化络系统的建立与应用，当软件、多媒体、信息咨询服务、研究与开发、教育与培络设备与产品等变动成本占总成本较高比例的信息产络产业、知识产业在经济中起主导作用时，增加经济性效应的途径就越来越多样化。范围经济(通过产品品种或种类的增加来降低单位成本和增加利润)变得更加重要了，差异经济(通过产品或服务差异性的增加来降低成本和增加利润)、时效经济(通过抢先

2020年6月大学英语六级翻译真题及答案

2020年6月大学英语六级翻译真题及答案2020年6月大学英语六级翻译真题及答案 In China, variety of foods and dishes is needed in traditional ways of entertaining guests and makes them impossible to finish the dinner. Typical menus of Chinese banquetinclude cold dishes to start and the following hot ones. For example，meat, chicken, duck and vegetables. In most banquets, a whole fish dish is considered indispensable, unless various kinds of seafood have been served. Nowadays, Chinese people tend to mix Western specials with traditional Chinese cuisine. Thus, steak is not rare. Traditionally，although the Chinese do not eat any of theuncooked dishes，salads have also become popular. The banquet usually has at leasta bowl of soup that can be offered as the first or the final dish. Desserts and fruits usually mean the end of the feast. 城市化 2020年是中国城市化进程中的历史性时刻，其城市人口首次超过农村人口。在未来20年里，预计约有3.5亿农村人口将移居到城市。如此规模的城市发张对城市交通来说既是挑战，也是机遇。中国政府一直提倡“以人为本”的发张理念。强调人们以公交而不是私家车出行。它还号召建设“资源节约和环境友好型”社会。有了这个明确的目标，中国城市就能够更好地规划其发展，并把大量投资转向安全、清洁和经济型交通系统的发展上。 2020 was a historic moment in the process of urbanization in China as its population exceeded the rural population for the first time. In the next 20 years, about 350 million rural

2017年6月英语六级真题及答案(部分)

2017年6月英语六级真题及答案(部分)

2017年6月英语六级真题 作文一：国内国外上大学 Directions: Suppose you are asked to give advice on whether to attend college at home or abroad, write an essay to state your opinion. You are required to write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words. 参考答案 Nowadays, there has been a heated discussion as to a better choice between attending college at home and abroad. Views on the topic vary greatly among people from different walks of life. Some believe that it is a better choice to study in domestic colleges, but others consider it better to study abroad. I totally agree with the latter idea for the reasons presented below. To begin with, it harms the society in that the greater the competition is, the higher the recruitment requirements will become. Therefore, with experiences of studying abroad, graduates will become more competitive in job hunting. Furthermore, it is beneficial to the students themselves to study abroad. Without the choice to pursue overseas study, many great scholars today would never have achieved such great success. From my perspective, it is crucial that the government should encourage people to pursue overseas study. Also it is crucial that people should understand the meaning and value of attending college abroad. Only in this way can we achieve greater success. 作文二：文科还是理科 Directions: Suppose you are asked to give advice on whether to major in humanities or science, write an essay to state your opinion. You are required to write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words. 参考范文： Living in a world which is full of changes and challenges,we are confronted with new problems every single day. Of all the issues, one might concern the high school graduates the most, and it is if there are two options: to major in science or humanities. As for me, I prefer the latter. Why,you may wonder, should I prefer to major in humanities. The reasons responsible for it can be listed as follows . Among the most important reasons cited by people is that to major in humanities，directly or indirectly，can not only enrich our basic knowledge about the diversified culture but also sharpen one’s insight in daily routine，which is of great importance in one’s growth. What’s more, to study humanities can give us an independent personality and a deeper vision towards the world, if it were not for those two attributes, how could we achieve great goals in this dog-eat-dog world. Above all, in such a society where emphasis，more often than not，is laid on the depth of one’s thought, to choose humanities as one’s major, must be the best way .

2017年12月英语六级第二套阅读真题与答案

2017年12月英语六级第二套阅读真题与答案 Section A 26. I) permit 27. O) territory 28. F) exclusive 29. C) commercial 30. D) communities 31. E) essential 32. G) independent 33. M) sponsor 34. J) secure 35. N) stocks Section B 36. [E] Online services are so designed that the more they are used, the more profit they generate. 37. [L] The author admits using technology as an escape from the task at hand. 38. [I] Checking phones at dinners is now accepted as normal but not belching. 39. [O] To make proper use of technology, we should not only increase our awareness of how it is changing but also how it is impacting us. 40. [B] Most of us find it hard to focus on our immediate tasks because of Internet distractions. 41. [J] When one person starts checking their phone, the others will follow suit. 42. [F] The great majority of smartphone users don’t take the trouble to adjust their settings to suit their own purposes. 43. [D]The Internet is regarded by some as designed to distract our attention. 44. [L] The author attributes his tech addiction chiefly to his habit of putting off doing what he should do right away.

浅谈网络经济在我国发展的现状与趋势研究_刘泽波

The Industrial Study | 产业研究 MODERN BUSINESS 现代商业62浅谈网络经济在我国发展的现状与趋势研究 刘泽波 黄冈职业技术学院 湖北黄冈 438002 摘要:当前,一种不同于传统的新的经济形态网络经济已初见端倪。它的兴起和发展,极大地丰富了人们的生活、工作和思维方式,促进了经济社会的迅速发展。本文对网络经济基本内涵、我国的网络经济的现状及特征及其发展趋势等有关问题做了初步阐述和有益探讨。 目前,网络经济发展热火朝天,不断加速,但不少人心里还有疑虑,对一些问题存在着争论。本文探讨了网络经济的内涵、分析了网络经济的现状以及网络经济的发展趋势。以求得共识,增强推动网络经济发展的自觉性。 关键词:互联网;网络经济;发展趋势 ;新增长点 ;社会影响 一、网络经济的内涵 随着互联网的风靡,接踵而来的是网络经济的兴起。在这里,我们可以把网络经济概括为一种建立在计算机网络(特别是Internet)基础之上,以现代信息技术为核心的新的经济形态。它不仅是指以计算机为核心的信息技术产业的兴起和快速增长,也包括以现代计算机技术为基础的整个高新技术产业的崛起和迅猛发展,更包括由于高新技术的推广和运用所引起的传统产业、传统经济部门的深刻的革命性变化和飞跃性发展。因此,绝不能把网络经济理解为一种独立于传统经济之外、与传统经济完全对立的纯粹的“虚拟”经济。网络经济是从以产品为中心到以客户为中心的服务经济,是端到端的、开放的、网络化的直接经济模式,将会导致市场与行业的重构。网络经济中将会有更多的网上企业、网际企业以及虚拟企业出现,在网络经济下,电子商务将成为企业的基本运作模式。 二、网络经济对社会的影响 网络经济渗透到贸易活动的各个阶段,其迅速发展正在引起世界巨大的变革,随着现代信息技术的日益普及,计算机网络正在成为人们经济生活的雨要手段。纵横交错的信息网络改变了信息传递的方式:人们可以在任何地点、任何时间,对任何信息进行处理加工,从而及时、准确地获取、处理和利用信息,因而,网络经济将对社会产生深刻影响。它主要表现在: 网络经济作为当代经济活动最新的、最活跃的形式,已经在当今的经济生活、经济活动中产生了重要的、根本性的影响。主要表现为对经济活动的上导因素、运行形式、经济内容以及经济商品组织形式等方面的影响。 网络经济对我国经济发展和政府政策制定,主要有三个方面的影响: 一是为我国经济发展提供了新的机会:由于网络产品和服务价格不断下降、质量与性能不断完善,使得我国可以用较少的钱购买和安装实际界上先进的计算机与网络设备,使用比较成熟的软件系统,实现与发达国家存同一起跑线上的竞争。同时,通过现代的信息技术对我国拥有比较优势的传统产业以及金融、保险、贸易等行业进行改造,使这些产业较大幅度提高竞争能力;二是对我国就业、收入分配和传统产业形成巨大冲击:网络经济在我国的发展,必然带来收入分配的巨大变化,表现在不同教育水平、不同职业的就业者之间,尤其将会严重拉大城乡收入差距。对我国传统产业而言,网络化必将使那些不能提供一流产品、一流服务的企业陷于困境或破产,在垒球生产能力过剩中失去生存空间。三是对我国制度、文化带来一定影响:网络经济使国别概念淡化,具有极强的全球化特点,这对我们已经习惯的管坪体制和政策会产生冲击。一方面,各国政府所设定的种种限制性政策,将被国际统一规则所取代。另一方面,网络经济使政府进行国家干 预的理由变得苍白。 三、我国网络经济的发展趋势 网络经济代表了未来经济济发展的趋势.它为现实经济增长构筑起一个全新的技术平台,提供了一种将信息资源转化为经济收益的高效工具,营造了一种全球化的经营环境。人们利用先进的计算机技术,可以进行计算机自动控制、辅助设计、制造和集成制造等,提高生产效率,并使个性化的小批量生产的边际成本最小化;人们利用发达的计算机网络,实现信息的快速传递和资源共享,利用各种信息资源为经营决策服务,大大加快高新技术向现实生产力转化的速度:人们通过由计算机网络连成一体的全球化市场,实施着真正的全球化经营战略,优化全球范围的资源配置,提高整个人类社会的经济资源利用效率,促进整个世界经济的增长。 我国网络经济不同于以往的农业经济和工业经济。在网络经济时代,信息产业及以此为基础的各种服务行业将成为经济发展的主导产业;在信息产业空前发展的基础上,将进一步增强,国际贸易、投资以及跨国生产、经营活动等将更加活跃;全球化的大背景下,整个经济运行的机制、方式和规则等也将发生深刻的变化。最为直观的形式是电子商务的出现和迅猛发展。 总之,网络经济具有双向信息沟通、交易手段灵活方便、交货方式便捷快速等优点,所以其发展前景看好、潜力巨大。但目前,无论在世界范围还是在我国,网络经济都还处于起步阶段,不管是从技术角度,还是从管理等角度,也都还存在诸多急需探索和解决的课题。但网络经济作为种全新的经济形态或经济模式已经初见端倪,它的迅速发展必将给人类社会带来巨大的经济效益,并极大地促进和拉动整个社会生产力的迅猛发展,这也是不言而喻的。我国是一个发展中国家,人口众多,市场广阔,国民经济持续稳步增长,这为网络经济在我国的发展、成熟提供了得天独厚的良好环境和条件,而且其优势更是无法模仿的,也是独一无二的。 参考文献: [1]李晓西,杨琳.虚拟经济、泡沫经济与实体经济.财贸经济.2000(6) [2]刘立达,论虚拟经济与泡沫经济.金融研究报告.2000(11) [3]刘骏民,论西方国家虚拟资本的新发展.经济学动态.1996(12) 作者简介: 刘泽波,男,黄冈职业技术学院成教学院教师,高校讲师,研究方向,机电一体化方。

大学英语六级历年真题阅读理解翻译(2010.6—2017.6)

2010 年6 月六级真题 Passage One 发达国家中只有两个国家不能保证提供用于照料新生儿的带薪休假。去年春天，这两个国家中的一个——澳大利亚——放弃了这种令人质疑的殊荣，建立了自2011 年起开始实施的带薪家庭休假制。在美国这并没有成为新闻，我并不感到意外——现在我们是唯一没有这项政策的富有国家。 美国确实有一个明确的家庭政策，这就是于1993 年通过的《家庭和医疗休假法》。它规定要照料新生儿或处理家庭医疗问题的工人有资格享受时间长达12 个星期的不带薪休假。尽管此法案带来的利益不明显，但当时商务部和其他一些商业团体都极力反对，称其为“政府负责的人事管理”和“危险的先例”。事实上，民主党领袖一直都致力于将能促进工作与家庭关系平衡的措施形成法律条文，但每一次的努力都遭到了商业团体的强烈反对。 正如耶鲁大学法学教授Anne Alstott 所辩解的那样，要肯定父母关爱的作用就要将家庭定义为一种社会商品，从某种意义上讲，社会要为此埋单。在她的书《无路可走：父母对孩子的亏欠以及社会对家长的亏欠》中，她认为父母在生活的多个方面都肩负重担：在谈到孩子的话题时，父母们“无路可走”：“社会希望也需要家长们能不间断地照看好他们的孩子，而且是人类用以开发智力、培养情感和树立道德的那种深度的、亲密无间的照看。社会还希望并需要父母们能坚守这一角色，18 年如一日，如有必要，甚至还可以更长。” 大部分父母出于爱都会照顾孩子，不照顾孩子的父母则会受到公众的处罚。换句话说，父母们所做的一切都是这个国家所密切关注的问题，原因很明显，照顾孩子不仅从道德上来说是迫切的而且对这个社会的未来至关重要。国家在大多数保障儿童福利的家庭法律中都认可了这一点，而父母们在履行社会所强加给他们的、会改变其命运的义务时得到的帮助却甚少。把养育孩子视为个人选择、集体没有责任的做法不仅仅忽视了良好家庭教育所产生的社会效益，而且会抹杀这部分社会效益，因为当今天的孩子成为明天的具有生产力的公民时这部分社会效益会属于整个社会。实际上，据估计父母对孩子投入的价值，包括时间和金钱的投入（包括失去的薪水）相当于国内生产总值的20%—30%。如果这些投入能够产生巨大的社会效益——很明显能产生——那么为家庭提供更多的社会支持所带来的效益将会更加显而易见。 Passage Two 塔夫茨大学公民学习和参与信息研究中心(CIRCLE)一份新的调查显示，现在有比以前更多的年轻人参与投票选举，美国发展中心2008 年的一份调查也表明越来越多的年轻选民和活动家开始支持传统的自由事业。但要看出这些调查数字在现实生活中的意义并非易事。在总统竞选期间，巴拉克·奥巴马以希望和改变为宣传口号组成了不同种族之间和不同意识形态之间人们的联盟。当新一届政府执政下的现实生活步入正轨的时候，有些支持者可能会大失所望。随着国家进一步走入奥巴马执政时代，参与政治的年轻人是会继续支持奥巴马及其施政议程还是会渐行渐远？ “O（奥巴马的简称）一代”是《新闻周刊》新开的一个博客，致力于记录那些支持奥巴马的年轻人的生活。“O 一代”的作者们想就上面的问题做出回答。未来的三个月，Michelle Kremer 和其他11 位年龄从19 岁到34 岁不等的奥巴马支持者将会用博客来记录美国社会的主流生活，一个不同之处在于：通过将他们所有的观点和经历与新任总统及其领导下的政府紧密结合，这些博客作者试图开启一场对话，探讨在当今美国，年轻并且在政治方面活跃到底意味着什么。24 岁的Malena Amusa 是该博客的一位作者，也是来自圣路易斯的一位舞者，她将这一项目看做是即时记录历史的一种方式。Amusa 今年春天为了完成其著作前往印度，后来又去塞内加尔教授英语，她和她的朋友一直在谈论奥巴马当政会如何改变他们的日常生活，她希望把其中的一些观点和她的全球性视角写到帖子里。她很兴奋，要看清楚世界，“我不必等上15 年”，她这样解释说。 Henry Flores 是圣玛丽大学的政治学教授，他将年轻一代的政治力量归因于他们对科技的拥护。“网络使他们接触到更多的思想，”他说，“不同地区想法相同的人们就会聚到一起。”这正是“O 一代”博主们所期待的事情。结果可能会出现一群年轻人，就像他们在二战后生育高峰期出生的父母一样，伴随一种强烈的目的感而成长，他们也会改变此前从“X 一代”人身上所继承下来的冷漠形象。由一群普通但有抱负的年轻人来管理博客是个不小的挑战，但“O 一代”的成员能胜任这项任务。