中华人民共和国破产法(中英文对照)

PRC Enterprise Bankruptcy Law

PART ONE: GENERAL PROVISIONS

总则第一章

Article 1: This Law has been formulated in order to regulate the enterprise bankruptcy procedure, equitably liquidate claims and debts, protect the lawful rights and interests of creditors and debtors, and maintain order in the socialist market economy.

为规范企业破产程序，公平清理债权债务，保护债权人和债务人的合法权益，维护社会主义市场经济秩序，制定本法。第一条

Article 2: When an enterprise legal person becomes insolvent and its assets are insufficient to discharge all of its debts or it clearly lacks the capacity to discharge such debts, its debts shall be liquidated in accordance with this Law.

企业法人不能清偿到期债务，并且资产不足以清偿全部债务或者明显缺乏清偿能力的，依照本法规定清理债务。第二条

If an enterprise legal person is characterized by the foregoing circumstance or there is a marked likelihood that it will lose the capacity to discharge its debts, it may undergo restructuring in accordance with this Law.

企业法人有前款规定情形，或者有明显丧失清偿能力可能的，可以依照本法规定进行重整。

Article 3: Jurisdiction in a bankruptcy case shall lie with a people's court of the place where the debtor is domiciled.

破产案件由债务人住所地人民法院管辖。第三条

Article 4: Where this Law is silent on the trial procedure for bankruptcy cases, the relevant provisions of the Civil Procedure Law shall apply.

破产案件审理程序，本法没有规定的，适用民事诉讼法的有关规定。第四条

Article 5: When a bankruptcy procedure is initiated in accordance with this Law, it shall apply to the property outside the territory of the People's Republic of China of the debtor.

依照本法开始的破产程序，对债务人在中华人民共和国领域外的财产发生效力。第五条

If a legally effective judgement or ruling rendered by a foreign court in a bankruptcy case involves property in the territory of the People's Republic of China of the debtor and an application or petition is made to a people's court for recognition and enforcement, the people's court shall conduct an examination thereof in accordance with the international treaties concluded or acceded to by the People's Republic of China or

in accordance with the principle of reciprocity, and, if it holds that such application or petition does not oppose the basic principles of the laws of the People's Republic of China, does not prejudice state sovereignty or security or the public interest, and does not harm the lawful rights and interests of creditors in the People's Republic of China, it shall rule to recognize and enforce such judgement or ruling.

对外国法院作出的发生法律效力的破产案件的判决、裁定，涉及债务人在中华人民共和国领域内的财产，申请或者请求人民法院承认和执行的，人民法院依照中华人民共和国缔结或者参加的国际条约，或者按照互惠原则进行审查，认为不违反中华人民共和国法律的基本原则，不损害国家主权、安全和社会公共利益，不损害中华人民共和国领域内债权人的合法权益的，裁定承认和执行。

Article 6: When trying a bankruptcy case, the people's court shall protect the lawful rights and interests of the enterprise's staff and workers in accordance with the law and pursue the legal liability of the bankrupt enterprise's operation and management personnel in accordance with the law.

人民法院审理破产案件，应当依法保障企业职工的合法权益，依法追究破产企业经营管理人员的法律责任。第六条

PART TWO: PETITION AND ACCEPTANCE

申请和受理第二章

Section One: Petition

申请第一节

Article 7: Where a debtor is characterized by the circumstance specified in Article 2 hereof, it may file a petition with the people's court for restructuring, a settlement or bankruptcy liquidation.

债务人有本法第二条规定的情形，可以向人民法院提出重整、和解或者破产清算申请。

Where a debtor has become insolvent, a creditor may file a petition with the people's court for the restructuring or the bankruptcy liquidation of the debtor.

债务人不能清偿到期债务，债权人可以向人民法院提出对债务人进行重整或者破产清算的申请。

If an enterprise legal person has been dissolved but not yet liquidated, or if the liquidation is not yet completed, and its assets are insufficient to discharge its debts, the persons who, in accordance with the law, bear the obligation of carrying out the liquidation shall petition the people's court for bankruptcy liquidation.

企业法人已解散但未清算或者未清算完毕，资产不足以清偿债务的，依法负有清算责任的人应当向人民法院申请破产清算。

Article 8: When filing a bankruptcy petition with the people's court, a written bankruptcy petition and relevant evidence shall be submitted.

向人民法院提出破产申请，应当提交破产申请书和有关証据。第八条

The bankruptcy petition shall specify the following matters:

破产申请书应当载明下列事项：

(1) the basic particulars of the petitioner and the respondent;

(一) 申请人、被申请人的基本情况；

(2) the objective of the petition;

(二) 申请目的；

(3) the facts and grounds of the petition; and

(三) 申请的事实和理由；

(4) other matters that the people's court requires be specified.

(四) 人民法院认为应当载明的其他事项。

If the petition is filed by the debtor, the debtor shall additionally submit to the people's court an explanation of the status of its property, an inventory of its debts, an inventory of its claims, relevant financial accounting reports, a contingency plan for the arrangements for its staff and workers and details of the payment of the wages of its staff and workers and the payment of social insurance premiums.

债务人提出申请的，还应当向人民法院提交财产状况说明、债务清册、债权清册、有关财务会计报告、职工安置预案以及职工工资的支付和社会保险费用的缴纳情况。

Article 9: The petitioner may petition to withdraw its bankruptcy petition before the acceptance of the same by the people's court.

人民法院受理破产申请前，申请人可以请求撤回申请。第九条

Section Two: Acceptance

受理第二节

Article 10: If the bankruptcy petition is filed by a creditor, the people's court shall notify the debtor thereof within five days from the date of receipt of the petition. If the debtor objects to the petition, it shall make the same known to the people's court within seven days from the date of receipt of the notice from the people's court. The people's court shall rule on whether or not to accept the petition within 10 days from the date of the expiration of the objection period.

债权人提出破产申请的，人民法院应当自收到申请之日起五日内通知债务人。债务人对申请有异议的，应当自收到人民法院的通知之日起七日内向人民法院提出。人民法院应当自异议期满之日起十日内裁定是否受理。第十条

In circumstances other than that specified in the preceding paragraph, the people's court shall rule on whether or not to accept the petition within 15 days from the date of receipt of the bankruptcy petition.

除前款规定的情形外，人民法院应当自收到破产申请之日起十五日内裁定是否受理。

Under special circumstances where an extension of the deadline for the ruling on acceptance specified in either of the preceding two paragraphs is required, the deadline may, subject to the approval of the people's court at the next higher level, be extended for 15 days.

有特殊情况需要延长前两款规定的裁定受理期限的，经上一级人民法院批准，可以延长十五日。

Article 11: If the people's court accepts the bankruptcy petition, it shall serve its ruling on the petitioner within five days from the date of rendering the same.

人民法院受理破产申请的，应当自裁定作出之日起五日内送达申请人。第十一条

If the petition was filed by a creditor, the people's court shall serve the ruling on the debtor within five days from the date of rendering the same. The debtor shall, within 15

days from the date of service of the ruling, submit to the people's court an explanation of the status of its property, an inventory of its debts, an inventory of its claims, relevant financial accounting reports, a contingency plan for the arrangements for its staff and workers and details of the payment of the wages of its staff and workers and the payment of social insurance premiums.

债权人提出申请的，人民法院应当自裁定作出之日起五日内送达债务人。债务人应当自裁定送达之日起十五日内，向人民法院提交财产状况说明、债务清册、债权清册、有关财务会计报告以及职工工资的支付和社会保险费用的缴纳情况。

Article 12: If the people's court rules not to accept the bankruptcy petition, it shall serve its ruling together with an explanation of the reasons therefor on the petitioner within five days from the date of rendering the ruling. If the petitioner is dissatisfied with the ruling, it may file an appeal with the people's court at the next higher level within 10 days from the date of service of the ruling.

人民法院裁定不受理破产申请的，应当自裁定作出之日起五日内送达申请人并说明理由。申请人对裁定不服的，可以自裁定送达之日起十日内向上一级人民法院提起上诉。第十二条

If, during the period between the acceptance of the bankruptcy petition and the declaration of bankruptcy, the people's court discovers through examination that the debtor is not characterized by the circumstance specified in Article 2 hereof, it may

rule to reject the petition. If the petitioner is dissatisfied with the ruling, it may file an appeal with the people's court at the next higher level within 10 days from the date of service of the ruling.

人民法院受理破产申请后至破产宣告前，经审查发现债务人不符合本法第二条规定情形的，可以裁定驳回申请。申请人对裁定不服的，可以自裁定送达之日起十日内向上一级人民法院提起上诉。

Article 13: If the people's court rules to accept the bankruptcy petition, it shall additionally appoint an administrator.

人民法院裁定受理破产申请的，应当同时指定管理人。第十三条

Article 14: The people's court shall notify the known creditors within 25 days from the date of ruling to accept the bankruptcy petition and make an announcement.

人民法院应当自裁定受理破产申请之日起二十五日内通知已知债权人，并予以公告。第十四条

The notice and announcement shall specify the following matters:

通知和公告应当载明下列事项：

(1) the names of the petitioner and respondent;

(一) 申请人、被申请人的名称或者姓名；

(2) the date on which the people's court accepted the bankruptcy petition;

(二) 人民法院受理破产申请的时间；

(3) the deadline and place for filing claims, and points to note;

(三) 申报债权的期限、地点和注意事项；

(4) the name of the administrator and the address where it handles matters;

(四) 管理人的名称或者姓名及其处理事务的地址；

(5) the requirements in respect of the discharge of debts or delivery of property to the administrator by the debtors of the debtor and persons holding property of the debtor;

(五) 债务人的债务人或者财产持有人应当向管理人清偿债务或者交付财产的要求；

(6) the time and place of the first creditors' meeting; and

(六) 第一次债权人会议召开的时间和地点；

(7) other matters that the people's court deems ought to be notified and announced.

(七) 人民法院认为应当通知和公告的其他事项。

Article 15: The relevant persons of the debtor shall bear the following obligations during the period between the date of service on the debtor of the ruling of the people's court accepting the bankruptcy petition and the conclusion of the bankruptcy procedure:

自人民法院受理破产申请的裁定送达债务人之日起至破产程序终结之日，债务人的有关人员承担下列义务：第十五条

(1) duly safekeeping the property, stamps, account books, documents and other such materials in their possession and under their management;

(一) 妥善保管其占有和管理的财产、印章和账簿、文书等资料；

(2) carrying out their work as required by the people's court and the administrator and truthfully responding to queries;

(二) 根据人民法院、管理人的要求进行工作，并如实回答询问；

(3) attending creditors' meetings in a non-voting capacity and truthfully responding to queries raised by the creditors;

(三) 列席债权人会议并如实回答债权人的询问；

(4) not leaving their places of domicile without the permission of the people's court; and

(四) 未经人民法院许可，不得离开住所地；

(5) not assuming positions as directors, supervisors or senior management personnel of other enterprises.

(五) 不得新任其他企业的董事、监事、高级管理人员。

For the purposes of the preceding paragraph, the term "relevant persons" means the enterprise's legal representative and, as decided by the people's court, may include the enterprise's financial management personnel and other operation and management personnel.

前款所称有关人员，是指企业的法定代表人；经人民法院决定，可以包括企业的财务管理人员和其他经营管理人员。

Article 16: Once the people's court accepts the bankruptcy petition, the discharge of debts to individual creditors by the debtor shall be invalid.

人民法院受理破产申请后，债务人对个别债权人的债务清偿无效。第十六条

Article 17: After the people's court accepts the bankruptcy petition, the debtors of the debtor and persons holding property of the debtor shall discharge their debts or deliver the property held by them to the administrator.

人民法院受理破产申请后，债务人的债务人或者财产持有人应当向管理人清偿债务或者交付财产。第十七条

If a debtor of the debtor or a person holding property of the debtor intentionally violates the preceding paragraph by discharging its debt to the debtor or delivering the property held by it to the debtor, thereby causing the creditors to incur a loss, it

shall not be released from its obligation to discharge the debt or deliver the property.

债务人的债务人或者财产持有人故意违反前款规定向债务人清偿债务或者交付财产，使债权人受到损失的，不免除其清偿债务或者交付财产的义务。

Article 18: After the people's court accepts the bankruptcy petition, the administrator shall have the right to decide to terminate or to continue the performance of contracts between the debtor and the counterparties thereto formed before the acceptance of the bankruptcy petition and the performance of which has yet to be completed, and shall

notify the counterparties of its/his/her decision. If the administrator fails to notify the counterparties within two months from the date of acceptance of the bankruptcy petition or fails to reply within 30 days from receipt of a reminder from a counterparty, it/he/she shall be deemed to have terminated the contracts.

人民法院受理破产申请后，管理人对破产申请受理前成立而债务人和对方当事人均未履行完毕的合同有权决定解除或者继续履行，并通知对方当事人。管理人自破产申请受理之日起二个月内未通知对方当事人，或者自收到对方当事人催告之日起三十日内未答复的，视为解除合同。第十八条

If the administrator decides to continue the performance of a contract, the counterparty shall perform such contract. However, the counterparty shall have the right to demand

that the administrator provide security. If the administrator fails to provide security, it/he/she shall be deemed to have terminated the contract.

管理人决定继续履行合同的，对方当事人应当履行；但是，对方当事人有权要求管理人提供担保。管理人不提供担保的，视为解除合同。

Article 19: Once the people's court accepts the bankruptcy petition, the preservation measures taken against the property of the debtor shall be lifted and enforcement procedures shall be stayed.

人民法院受理破产申请后，有关债务人财产的保全措施应当解除，执行程序应当中止。第十九条

Article 20: Once the people's court accepts the bankruptcy petition, civil actions or arbitration procedures involving the debtor that have been instituted but not yet completed shall be stayed and shall be resumed after the administrator takes custody of the debtor's property.

人民法院受理破产申请后，已经开始而尚未终结的有关债务人的民事诉讼或者仲裁应当中止；在管理人接管债务人的财产后，该诉讼或者仲裁继续进行。第二十条

Article 21: Once the people's court accepts the bankruptcy petition, civil actions against the debtor may only be instituted in the people's court that accepted the bankruptcy petition.

人民法院受理破产申请后，有关债务人的民事诉讼，只能向受理破产申请的人民法院提起。第二十一条

PART THREE: ADMINISTRATOR

管理人第三章

Article 22: The administrator shall be appointed by the people's court.

管理人由人民法院指定。第二十二条

If the creditors' meeting deems the administrator incapable of performing its/his/her duties in a lawful and impartial manner or deems that there are other circumstances that would prevent it/him/her from doing so competently, it may apply to the people's court to replace it/him/her.

债权人会议认为管理人不能依法、公正执行职务或者有其他不能胜任职务情形的，可以申请人民法院予以更换。

The measures for the appointment of an administrator and determination of the administrator's remuneration shall be formulated by the Supreme People's Court.

指定管理人和确定管理人报酬的办法，由最高人民法院规定。

Article 23: The administrator shall perform its/his/her duties in accordance with this Law, report on its/his/her work to the people's court and shall be subject to the supervision of the creditors' meeting and creditors' committee.

管理人依照本法规定执行职务，向人民法院报告工作，并接受债权人会议和债权人委员会的监督。

The administrator shall attend creditors' meetings in a non-voting capacity, report on the performance of its/his/her duties to the creditors and respond to their queries.

管理人应当列席债权人会议，向债权人会议报告职务执行情况，并回答询问。

Article 24: The liquidation committee composed of personnel from relevant departments and agencies or an intermediary organization established in accordance with the law, such as a law firm, accounting firm, bankruptcy liquidation firm, etc. may serve as administrator.

管理人可以由有关部门、机构的人员组成的清算组或者依法设立的律师事务所、会计师事务所、破产清算事务所等社会中介机构担任。第二十四条

The people's court may, depending on the actual circumstances of the debtor and after seeking the opinions of the relevant intermediary organization, appoint a member of such organization with the requisite professional knowledge and professional qualifications to serve as administrator.

人民法院根据债务人的实际情况，可以在征询有关社会中介机构的意见后，指定该机构具备相关专业知识并取得执业资格的人员担任管理人。

A person may not serve as administrator if:

有下列情形之一的，不得担任管理人：

(1) he/she intentionally committed a crime and received a criminal sentence therefor;

(一) 因故意犯罪受过刑事处罚；

(2) he/she has had his/her professional qualifications revoked;

(二) 曾被吊销相关专业执业証书；

(3) he/she has a material interest in the case; or

(三) 与本案有利害关系；

(4) he/she is characterized by other circumstances that the people's court deems make him/her unfit to serve as administrator.

(四) 人民法院认为不宜担任管理人的其他情形。

If an individual serves as administrator, he/she shall take out practice liability insurance.

个人担任管理人的，应当参加执业责任保险。

Article 25: The administrator shall perform the following duties and responsibilities:

管理人履行下列职责：第二十五条

(1) take custody of the debtor's property, stamps, account books, documents and other such materials;

(一) 接管债务人的财产、印章和账簿、文书等资料；

(2) investigate the status of the debtor's property and prepare a report thereon;

(二) 调查债务人财产状况，制作财产状况报告；

(3) decide on the debtor's internal management affairs;

(三) 决定债务人的内部管理事务；

(4) decide on the debtor's day-to-day expenditures and other necessary expenditures;

(四) 决定债务人的日常开支和其他必要开支；

(5) before the first creditors' meeting, decide on whether to continue or suspend the debtor's operations;

(五) 在第一次债权人会议召开之前，决定继续或者停止债务人的营业；

(6) manage and dispose of the debtor's property;

(六) 管理和处分债务人的财产；

(7) represent the debtor in legal actions, arbitration procedures and other legal procedures;

(七) 代表债务人参加诉讼、仲裁或者其他法律程序；

(8) propose the holding of creditors' meetings; and

(八) 提议召开债权人会议；

(9) other duties and responsibilities that the people's court requires the administrator to perform.

(九) 人民法院认为管理人应当履行的其他职责。

If this law provides otherwise, concerning the duties and responsibilities of the administrator, such provisions shall apply.

本法对管理人的职责另有规定的，适用其规定。

Article 26: If the administrator decides to continue or suspend the debtor's operations or carries out any of the acts specified in Article 69 hereof before the first creditors' meeting, it/he/she shall obtain the permission of the people's court therefor.

在第一次债权人会议召开之前，管理人决定继续或者停止债务人的营业或者有本法第六十九条规定行为之一的，应当经人民法院许可。第二十六条

Article 27: The administrator shall act with due diligence and faithfully perform

its/his/her duties.

管理人应当勤勉尽责，忠实执行职务。第二十七条

Article 28: Subject to the permission of the people's court, the administrator may engage necessary working personnel.

管理人经人民法院许可，可以聘用必要的工作人员。第二十八条

The remuneration of the administrator shall be determined by the people's court. If the creditors' meeting objects to the remuneration of the administrator, it shall have the right to make the same known to the people's court.

管理人的报酬由人民法院确定。债权人会议对管理人的报酬有异议的，有权向人民法院提出。

Article 29: The administrator may not resign without just cause. The resignation of the administrator shall be subject to the permission of the people's court.

管理人没有正当理由不得辞去职务。管理人辞去职务应当经人民法院许可。第二十九条

PART FOUR: PROPERTY OF THE DEBTOR

债务人财产第四章

Article 30: All of the property belonging to the debtor at the time of the acceptance of the bankruptcy petition and the property obtained by it during the period between the acceptance of the bankruptcy petition and the conclusion of the bankruptcy procedure is property of the debtor.

破产申请受理时属于债务人的全部财产，以及破产申请受理后至破产程序终结前债务人取得的财产，为债务人财产。第三十条

Article 31: The administrator shall have the right to petition the people's court to revoke any of the following actions involving the property of the debtor taken during the year prior to the people's court's acceptance of the bankruptcy petition:

人民法院受理破产申请前一年内，涉及债务人财产的下列行为，管理人有权请求人民法院予以撤销：

(1) transfers of property without consideration;

(一) 无偿转让财产的；

(2) transactions carried out at markedly unreasonable prices;

(二) 以明显不合理的价格进行交易的；

(3) the provision of property-backed security for debts not secured by property;

(三) 对没有财产担保的债务提供财产担保的；

(4) early discharges of debts that have not fallen due; and

(四) 对未到期的债务提前清偿的；

(5) renouncements of claims.

(五) 放弃债权的。

Article 32: If the debtor is characterized by the circumstance specified in the first paragraph of Article 2 hereof and was still discharging debts to individual creditors within the six months prior to the people's court's acceptance of the bankruptcy petition, the administrator shall have the right to petition the people's court to revoke the same, unless such individual discharges of debts were or are beneficial to the property of the debtor.

人民法院受理破产申请前六个月内，债务人有本法第二条第一款规定的情形，仍对个别债权人进行清

偿的，管理人有权请求人民法院予以撤销。但是，个别清偿使债务人财产受益的除外。第三十二条

Article 33: The following acts involving the property of the debtor shall be invalid:

涉及债务人财产的下列行为无效：第三十三条

(1) the concealment or transfer of property to avoid debts; or

(一) 为逃避债务而隐匿、转移财产的；

(2) the fabrication of debts or the acknowledgement of debts that are not genuine.

(二) 虚构债务或者承认不真实的债务的。

Article 34: The administrator shall have the right to recover property of the debtor obtained as a result of the acts specified in Article 31, 32 or 33 hereof.

因本法第三十一条、第三十二条或者第三十三条规定的行为而取得的债务人的财产，管理人有权追

回。

Article 35: If the investors in the debtor have not fully performed their capital contribution obligations at the time the people's court accepts the bankruptcy petition, the administrator shall require such investors to pay in the capital contributions for which they have subscribed, irrespective of the deadlines for such capital contributions.

人民法院受理破产申请后，债务人的出资人尚未完全履行出资义务的，管理人应当要求该出资人缴纳

所认缴的出资，而不受出资期限的限制。第三十五条

Article 36: The administrator shall recover irregular income that was obtained from the enterprise and enterprise property that was misappropriated by the directors, supervisors or senior management personnel of the debtor by using their authority.

债务人的董事、监事和高级管理人员利用职权从企业获取的非正常收入和侵占的企业财产，管理人应

当追回。第三十六条

Article 37: The administrator may, after the people's court accepts the bankruptcy petition, recover an item subject to a pledge or lien by discharging the debt or

providing security acceptable to the creditor.

人民法院受理破产申请后，管理人可以通过清偿债务或者提供为债权人接受的担保，取回质物、留置物。第三十七条

With respect to the debt discharge or substitute security specified in the preceding paragraph, if the value of the item subject to a pledge or lien is less than the amount

of the secured claim, the same shall be limited to the then market value of the item subject to a pledge or lien.

前款规定的债务清偿或者替代担保，在质物或者留置物的价值低于被担保的债权额时，以该质物或者

留置物当时的市场价值为限。

Article 38: If, after the people's court accepts the bankruptcy petition, the debtor is

in possession of property not belonging to it, the holder of the rights in such property may recover the same through the administrator, unless otherwise specified in this Law.

人民法院受理破产申请后，债务人占有的不属于债务人的财产，该财产的权利人可以通过管理人取

回。但是，本法另有规定的除外。第三十八条

Article 39: If, at the time of the people's court's acceptance of the bankruptcy petition, a seller has shipped the subject matter of a transaction to the debtor, who was then acting as buyer, and the debtor has not received the same or paid in full the price therefor, the seller may recover the subject matter in transit. However, the

administrator may pay the entire price thereof and require the seller to deliver the subject matter.

人民法院受理破产申请时，出卖人已将买卖标的物向作为买受人的债务人发运，债务人尚未收到且未

付清全部价款的，出卖人可以取回在运途中的标的物。但是，管理人可以支付全部价款，请求出卖人

交付标的物。第三十九条

Article 40: If a creditor was in debt to the debtor prior to the acceptance of the bankruptcy petition, it may make a request to the administrator that the same be set off. However, the same may not be set off if:

债权人在破产申请受理前对债务人负有债务的，可以向管理人主张抵销。但是，有下列情形之一的，

不得抵销：第四十条

(1) the debtor of the debtor obtained the claim against the debtor from a third party after the acceptance of the bankruptcy petition;

(一) 债务人的债务人在破产申请受理后取得他人对债务人的债权的；

(2) the creditor incurred the debt to the debtor despite being aware that the debtor was insolvent or being aware of the fact of the bankruptcy petition, unless the creditor incurred such debt by law or due to a reason that arose one year prior to the bankruptcy petition; or

(二) 债权人已知债务人有不能清偿到期债务或者破产申请的事实，对债务人负担债务的；但是，债权人因为法律规定或者有破产申请一年前所发生的原因而负担债务的除外；

(3) the debtor of the debtor obtained the claim against the debtor despite being aware that the debtor was insolvent or being aware of the fact of the bankruptcy petition, unless the debtor of the debtor obtained such claim by law or due to a reason that arose one year prior to the bankruptcy petition.

(三) 债务人的债务人已知债务人有不能清偿到期债务或者破产申请的事实，对债务人取得债权的；但是，债务人的债务人因为法律规定或者有破产申请一年前所发生的原因而取得债权的除外。

PART FIVE: BANKRUPTCY EXPENSES AND DEBTS OF COMMON INTEREST

破产费用和共益债务第五章

Article 41: The following expenses incurred after the people's court accepts the bankruptcy petition are bankruptcy expenses:

人民法院受理破产申请后发生的下列费用，为破产费用：第四十一条

(1) court costs in the bankruptcy case;

(一) 破产案件的诉讼费用；

(2) the expenses for managing, selling and distributing the property of the debtor; and

(二) 管理、变价和分配债务人财产的费用；

(3) the expenses incurred by the administrator in performing its/his/her duties,

its/his/her remuneration and the expenses for engaging working personnel.

(三) 管理人执行职务的费用、报酬和聘用工作人员的费用。

Article 42: The following debts incurred after the people's court accepts the bankruptcy petition are debts of common interest:

人民法院受理破产申请后发生的下列债务，为共益债务：第四十二条

(1) the debts incurred in connection with the administrator or debtor requiring counterparties to perform contracts the performance of which has not been completed by the parties thereto;

(一) 因管理人或者债务人请求对方当事人履行双方均未履行完毕的合同所产生的债务；

(2) debts incurred in connection with the property of the debtor other than those relating to the management thereof;

(二) 债务人财产受无因管理所产生的债务；

(3) debts incurred in connection with improper gains obtained by the debtor;

(三) 因债务人不当得利所产生的债务；

(4) the labour remuneration and social insurance premiums payable by the debtor to continue operations and other debts arising as a result thereof;

(四) 为债务人继续营业而应支付的劳动报酬和社会保险费用以及由此产生的其他债务；

(5) debts arising from injuries to persons caused by the performance by the

administrator and relevant persons of their duties; and

(五) 管理人或者相关人员执行职务致人损害所产生的债务；

(6) debts arising from injuries to persons caused by the property of the debtor.

(六) 债务人财产致人损害所产生的债务。

Article 43: The bankruptcy expenses and debts of common interest shall be discharged from the property of the debtor as they arise.

破产费用和共益债务由债务人财产随时清偿。第四十三条

Where the property of the debtor is insufficient to discharge all of the bankruptcy expenses and the debts of common interest, it shall first be applied to the discharge of the bankruptcy expenses.