高考英语完形填空试题(含答案)

高考英语完形填空试题(含答案)

一、高中英语完形填空

1．阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

The stage lights dimmed, and I took a quick look from behind the heavy black curtains into the audience. Blinded by the lights, I quickly 1 . It seems that a great number of eyes were looking at me. I took a deep 2 as the music of my dance began to play. I entered the stage and began my 3 , the graduation test of the classical Indian dance.

After a decade of learning this art form, I had 4 been considered ready to take on the most difficult act. The test is the most important event in a dancer's life as it pays 5 to all the factors in one's life that 6 the dance form: one's culture and family.

The performance is undertaken only by the most 7 and determined students. It is a difficult process that requires much 8 . For more than six months, I spent two to three hours every day 9 these dances. Many times, I 10 myself to my physical and mental breaking point, but still I would not stop. I could not give up. There was always so much more to do and so much more to 11 .

I 12 a lot about myself in those tiring hours. I learned that I was far too 13 to give up, and I was too proud to prove myself 14 after I had set an unrealistic goal. Even with physical pain and mental 15 , I forced myself to meet my 16 . Even when I was at the end of my 17 , there was always something driving me on, forcing me not to give up.

Fortunately, I made it. What I had done 18 the success. It was in those hours that I learned what a dancer 19 is. Those time was evidence that I could 20 something

I set out to do.

1. A. pulled back B. set off C. reached out D. broke away

2. A. sleep B. thought C. breath D. sorrow

3. A. career B. attempt C. response D. performance

4. A. easily B. eventually C. absolutely D. desperately

5. A. debt B. visit C. interest D. respect

6. A. develop B. rescue C. introduce D. promote

7. A. focused B. beautiful C. intelligent D. considerate

8. A. talent B. strength C. commitment D. comprehension

9. A. recording B. practicing C. discussing D. designing

10. A. applied B. addicted C. treated D. pushed

11. A. forget B. design C. learn D. research

12. A. abandoned B. discovered C. controlled D. undertook

13. A. brilliant B. brave C. stubborn D. discourage

14. A. wrong B. nervous C. frightened D. careless

15. A. function B. action C. level D. stress

16. A. budget B. expectation C. expense D. deadline

17. A. limit B. purpose C. preparation D. destination

18. A. increased B. deserved C. expanded D. exposed

19. A. completely B. chiefly C. truly D. originally

20. A. change B. supply C. explain D. accomplish

【答案】（1）A；（2）C；（3）D；（4）B；（5）D；（6）A；（7）A；（8）C；（9）B；（10）D；（11）C；（12）B；（13）C；（14）A；（15）D；（16）B；（17）A；（18）B；（19）C；（20）D；

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者从小开始学习古典印度舞蹈，十年之后参加舞蹈毕业考试。成功之后，作者对以前的学习过程进行了反思。作者认为只有最专注、最有毅力的学生，承受身心的压力才能获得成功，也知道了什么是真正的舞者。

（1）考查动词短语。A. pulled back“拉回，往后倾”；B. set off“出发”；C. reached out“伸出手”；D. broke away“脱离”。此处是指“我被灯光照得睁不开眼，赶紧身体往后倾。”故选A。

（2）考查名词。A. sleep“睡觉”；B. thought“思考”；C. breath“呼吸”；D. sorrow“悲伤”。根据上文可知，作者感觉有好多人在观看，所以很紧张，于是深呼吸来缓解紧张，故选C。（3）考查名词。A. career“事业”；B. attempt“尝试”；C. response“ 回应”；D. performance“表演，表现”。上文说“舞曲开始”，可知，我进入舞台后，开始了表演，故选D。

（4）考查副词。A. easily“容易地”；B. eventually“最终”；C. absolutely“绝对地，当然”；D. desperate ly“绝望”。根据语可知，此处是指“在学习了10年这种舞蹈艺术形式之后，终于认为我已经准备好接受最难的表演。”故选B。

（5）考查名词。A. debt“债务”；B. visit “ 拜访”；C. interest“兴趣”；D. respect“尊重”。此处是指“这项测试是舞蹈演员一生中最重要的一项活动，因为它是对一个人一生中开发舞蹈形式的所有因素的尊重”。故选D。

（6）考查动词。A. develop“开发，发展”；B. rescue“拯救”；C. introduce“介绍，引进”；D. promote“推广”。此处是指“因为它是对一个人一生中开发舞蹈形式的所有因素的尊重。”故选A。

（7）考查形容词。A. focused“专注的”；B. beautiful“漂亮的”；C. intelligent“聪明的，明智的”；D. considerate“体贴的”。连词and连词的是两个并列的成分。分析句子可知，本空与“determined”是并列关系，可知“只有最专注、最坚定的学生才会表演”，可知选A。

（8）考查名词。A. talent“天赋”；B. strength“力量，力气”；C. commitmen t“承诺，投入，奉献，付出”；D. comprehension“理解”。根据语境可知，此处是指“这是一个需要很多付出的艰难过程”，故选C。

（9）考查动词。A. recording“录音”；B. practicing“练习”；C. discussing“讨论”；D. designing“设计”。此处是指“在六个多月的时间里，我每天花两到三个小时练习这些舞蹈”，故选B。

（10）考查动词。A. applied“应用”；B. addicted“上瘾”；C. treated“治疗”；D. pushed“推

动，逼迫”。根据下文“my physical and mental breaking point”，可知此处是指“很多次，我把

自己逼到身心崩溃的边缘”。故选D。

（11）考查动词。A. forget“忘记”；B. design“设计”；C. learn“学习”；D. research“研究”。根

据上文“我不能放弃”，可知，此处是指“总有那么多事情要做，那么多东西要学”。故选C。（12）考查动词。A. abandoned“放弃”；B. discovered“发现”；C. controlled“控制”；D. undertook“从事”。此处是指“在那些疲惫的时间里，我发现了很多关于自己的东西”故选B。

（13）考查形容词。A. brilliant“明亮的”；B. brave“勇敢的”；C. stubborn“固执的，倔强的”；D. discourage“使泄气的”。根据下文“即使有身体上的痛苦和精神上的压力”以及“树立

了一个不切实际的目标”，可知，我明白了我是如此的固执以至于不能放弃。故选C。

（14）考查形容词。A. wrong “错误的”；B. nervous“紧张的”；C. frightened“害怕的”；D. careless“粗心的”。此处是指“我设定了一个不切实际的目标之后，我是如此的骄傲以至于不

能证明自己是错的。”故选A。

（15）考查名词。A. function“功能”；B. action“行动”；C. level“水平”；D. stress“压力”。根

据语境可知，此处是指“即使有身体上的痛苦和精神上的压力”，故选D。

（16）考查名词。A. budget“预算”；B. expectation“期望，预期”；C. expense“费用”；D. deadline“期限，截止日期”。此处是指“即使有身体上的疼痛和精神上的压力，我还是强迫

自己去满足我的期望。”故选B。

（17）考查名词。A. limit“限制”；B. purpose“目的”；C. preparation“准备”；D. destination“目的地”。此处是指“即使达到了极限，也总有一些东西驱使着我，迫使我不放弃”，故选A。

（18）考查动词。A. increased“增加”；B. deserved“值得”；C. expanded“扩大”；D. exposed“暴露”。此处是指“幸运的是，我成功了。我所做的理应成功”。故选B。

（19）考查副词。A. completely“完全地”；B. chiefly“主要地”；C. truly“真正地”；D. originally“最初”。此处是指“正是在那几个小时，我明白了什么是真正的舞者”，故选C。（20）考查动词。A. change“变化”；B. supply“供应”；C. explain“解释”；D. accomplish“完成”。此处是指“这段时间证明我可以完成我要做的事情。”故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一

篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行

分析推理，从而选出正确答案。

2．阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处

的最佳选项。

The auction(拍卖)took place on a mild morning. 1 , standing in front of an expectant 2 with a sign with his pig's picture, 15-year-old Wayion Klitzman was sweating.

Waylon called his pig "Roo". The farm boy hoped the money from Roo's 3 would help

with cancer research.

It started with a 4 .

In August 2017, Wayion 5 9th grade and in those first weeks of school, Wayion 6 his algebra teacher, Kim Katzenmeyer, for support. Their special 7 grew over the last school year. "She saw the 8 in me and we just connected that way," said Wayion.

Then Katzenmeyer's niece was diagnosed with neuroblastoma, a rare cancer that mostly 9 children. After months of watching her niece receive cancer treatments, Katzcnmcyer 10 her teaching job to volunteer full time at the cancer research charity, Beat NB.

Katzenmeyer meant a lot to Wayion and he just wanted to 11 . Then he had an 12 to auction his pig to 13 money for the cancer charity. So before the auction day, Wayion sent letters to people explaining his 14 to sell his pig and donate the profits to Beat NB. The letter 15 his beloved teacher whose niece was battling cancer.

The auction turned out to be particularly 16 . Buyers kept 17 Way Ion's pig so

he could sell it over and over. Wayion had thought that, with luck, his pig would bring in 18 over $ 600. In the end, Roo fetched more than $ 10,000 for Beat NB.

"We give back to the community 19 we can. We are blessed to be able to be doing what we do," said one of the buyers with a 20 of pride.

1. A. Therefore B. Otherwise C. Yet D. Besides

2. A. staff B. crowd C. niece D. seller

3. A. sale B. performance C. show D. action

4. A. boy B. teacher C. doctor D. farmer

5. A. completed B. continued C. began D. skipped

6. A. relied on B. picked up C. devoted to D. came across

7. A. favor B. response C. touch D. bond

8. A. first B. least C. best D. worst

9. A. affects B. owes C. follows D. faces

10. A. held B. quit C. started D. found

11. A. interrupt B. change C. stop D. help

12. A. offer B. appeal C. idea D. effort

13. A. demand B. convey C. store D. raise

14. A. request B. desire C. promise D. approval

15. A. described B. reminded C. informed D. ignored

16. A. attractive B. acceptable C. appropriate D. successful

17. A. feeding B. returning C. admiring D. introducing

18. A. even B. still C. just D. exactly

19. A. unless B. because C. once D. wherever

20. A. sense B. thought C. mind D. state

【答案】（1）C；（2）B；（3）A；（4）B；（5）C；（6）A；（7）D；（8）C；（9）A；（10）B；（11）D；（12）C；（13）D；（14）B；（15）A；（16）D；（17）B；（18）C；（19）D；（20）A；

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，15岁的Wayion通过拍卖自己的画作，以支持癌症研究。

（1）考查副词。句意:拍卖在一个不冷不热的早晨举行。然而,站在充满期待的一大群人面前,15岁的Wayion站在一大群人前正紧张得流汗。A. Therefore“因此”;B. Otherwise“否则”;C. Yet“然而”;D. Besides“此外”。此处yet表示"然而",对比on a mild morning和was sweating可知选C。

（2）考查名词。句意:拍卖在一个不冷不热的早晨举行。然而,站在充满期待的一大群人面前,15岁的Wayion紧张得流汗。A. staff“职员”;B. crowd“人群”;C. niece“侄女”;D. seller“销售员”。在拍卖会,应该是一大群人参与竞拍。故选B。

（3）考查名词。句意:Wayion希望画作的拍卖所得将用于癌症研究。A. sale“销售”;B. performance“表演”;C. show“展示”;D. action“行动”。故选A。

（4）考查名词。句意:这一切都开始于一位老师。A. boy“男孩’;B. teacher”老师“;C. doctor”医生“;D. farmer”农民“。根据下文”Wayion 6 his algebra teacher, Kim Katzenmeyer, for support.“开始有这名老师讲起。故选B。

（5）考查动词。句意:在2017年8月,Wayion开始上九年级,在刚开始的几周里,依靠他的几何老师Kim Katzenmeyer获得支持。A. completed”完工,结束“;B. continued”继续“;C. began”开始“;D. skipped”跳过“。下文中的”in those first weeks of school“有提示，故选C。

（6）考查动词短语。句意:在2017年8月,Wayion开始上九年级,在刚开始的几周里,依靠他的几何老师Kim Katzenmeyer获得支持。A. relied on”依靠“;B. picked up”捡起“;C. devoted to”致力于“;D. came across”偶遇“。故选A。

（7）考查名词。句意:他们之间的联系持续到了最后一学年。 A. favor”恩惠,支持“;B. response ”答复“;C. touch”触摸“; D. bond”联系“。故选D。

（8）考查形容词。句意:Wayion说:她能看到我的优点,我们就这样联系在了一起。A. first”第一“; B. least”最少的“;C. best”最好的“;D. worst”最糟的“。故选C。

（9）考查动词。句意:随后,Katzenmeyer的侄女得了一种主要影响儿童的罕见癌症。A. affects”影响“; B. owes”欠“;C. follows”跟随“;D. faces”面对“。故选A。

（10）考查动词。句意: Katzcnmcyer放弃了教学工作,在癌症研究机构做全职志愿者。A. held”举行“;B. quit”退出“;C. started”开始“;D. found”发现“。故选B。

（11）考查动词。句意:Katzenmeyer 对Wayion来说很重要,因此Wayion想帮助自己的老师。A. interrupt”打断“;B. change” 改变“;C. stop”停止“; D. help”帮助“。故选D。

（12）考查名词。句意:Wayion有了拍卖自己的画作,为癌症研究机构筹集钱的想法。A. offer” 提供,提出“;B. appeal”呼吁“; C. idea”主意,想法“;D. effort”努力“。have an idea to do sth.”有做某件事的想法“。故选C。

（13）考查名词。句意:Wayion有了拍卖自己的画作,为癌症研究机构筹集钱的想法。A. demand”要求“;B. convey”传达“;C. store”贮存“;D. raise”筹集“。故选D。

（14）考查名词。句意:拍卖前一天,Wayion给人们写信解释他想拍卖画作的渴望。 A. request”要求“;B. desire”渴望“;C. promise”许诺“;D. approval”同意,批准“。此处应为Wayion的愿望或渴望。故选B。

（15）考查动词。句意:信中描述了他备受爱戴的老师和老师的患癌症的侄女。A.

des cribed”描写“;B. reminded ”提醒“;C. informed ”告知“;D. ignored”忽视“。在信中,应该是描

写什么内容。故选A。

（16）考查形容词。句意:这次拍卖结果很成功。A. attractive”吸引人的“;B. acceptable”可接

受的“;C. appropriate”适当的“;D. successful”成功的“。根据下文”In the end, Roo fetched more than $ 10,000 for Beat NB.“可知这次拍卖师成功的。故选D。

（17）考查动词。句意:竞得者们不断归还Wayion的画作,以便于他能够一遍遍地拍卖。A. feeding”喂养“;B. returning”归还“;C. admiring”欣赏,敬佩“;D. introducing”介绍“。故选B。

（18）考查副词。句意:Wayion本来认为,幸运的话他仅仅可以得到600元。A. even”甚至“;B. still”仍然“;C. just”仅仅“;D. exactly”准确地“。故选C。

（19）考查连词。句意:其中一个购买者自豪地说:无论在哪里,我们都可以回馈社会。我们

应该能够做我们该做的事。A. unless”除非“;B. because”因为“;C. once”一旦,曾经“;D. wherever”无论在哪里,无论何处“。故选D。

（20）考查名词。句意:其中一个购买者自豪地说:无论在哪里,我们都可以回馈社会。我们

应该能够做我们该做的事。A. sense”感觉“;B. thought”想法“;C. mind”主意,思想“;D. state”状

态“。sense of pride”自豪感“。选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，连词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。

3．阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处

的最佳选项。

I began to do volunteer work in grade seven. I experienced many meaningful moments, and the most 1 ones were when I was volunteering as a swimming 2 at the YMCA in Brockton, Massachusetts. At first, I was a teacher's 3 . "What are we going to do next?" When is the play time? These were just two of the questions I was often 4 there. On the day of my first class, I thought it was going to be a(n) 5 job. I 6 that since I had taken swimming lessons from the age of five, I knew the 7 about swimming. After all, I was good at all 8 of swimming! 9 , I soon found out there was more about teaching swimming than just knowing how to swim.

During my first class, I assisted the swimming teacher in teaching a group of five-year-old kids. From that moment on, my 10 of teaching changed. Teaching is communicating. To instruct children, one has to make the lessons 11 and interesting for them to learn. I had to learn many games that would help the children to 12 as swimmers. Such as "Red Light, Green Light" and "Blast-Off." I must devote myself to teaching them and set a(n) 13 example to them.

I expected to teach a group of children, but it 14 my students were the ones who taught me how to be a(n) 15 teacher. Not only was it challenging to learn the children's names, but it was also challenging to 16 to their many personalities and moods. There were many 17 that went along with helping these children, among which was seeing a child 18 a task that he or she could not do before they met me. 19 , through the volunteer work, I

learned that there would always be rewards by giving, and there would be 20 by making efforts.

1. A. peaceful B. optimistic C. independent D. unforgettable

2. A. learner B. athlete C. Instructor D. official

3. A. student B. assistant C. colleague D. servant

4. A. asked B. taught C. doubted D. explained

5. A. interesting B. ordinary C. challenging D. creative

6. A. declared B. stressed C. assume d D. concluded

7. A. fare B. trick C. ambition D. process

8. A. jobs B. abilities C. components D. styles

9. A. However B. Therefore C. Moreover D. Otherwise

10. A. expectation B. instruction C. requirement D. assessment

11. A. important B. enjoyable C. famous D. flexible

12. A. develop B. promise C. discuss D. introduce

13. A. extreme B. classic C. active D. secure

14. A. turned out B. figured out C. came out D. pointed out

15. A. generous B. humorous C. outspoken D. helpful

16. A. respond B. contribute C. stick D. object

17. A. difficulties B. features C. achievements D. situations

18. A. assign B. organize C. recognize D. accomplish

19. A. Recently B. Occasionally C. Importantly D. Suddenly

20. A. adventures B. gains C. contests D. dreams

【答案】（1）D；（2）C；（3）B；（4）A；（5）B；（6）C；（7）B；（8）D；（9）A；（10）D；（11）B；（12）A；（13）C；（14）A；（15）D；（16）A；（17）C；（18）D；（19）C；（20）B；

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者曾经参加了一次教孩子们游泳的志愿者活动。通过这个活动,作者学会了如何当一个合格的老师,并感悟了"付出总有回报,努力就有收获"的人生哲理。

（1）考查形容词。句意：我经历了许多有意义的时刻，其中最难忘的是我在马萨诸塞州布罗克顿的基督教青年会(YMCA)当一名游泳教练。A. peaceful”和平的“；B. optimistic”乐观的“；C. independent”重要的“；D. unforgettable”难忘的“。作者经历过很多次志愿者活动,但文章讲的这一次是他最难忘的。故选D。

（2）考查名词。句意：我经历了许多有意义的时刻，其中最难忘的是我在马萨诸塞州布罗克顿的基督教青年会(YMCA)当一名游泳教练。A. learner ”初学者“；B. athlete”运动员“；C. instructor”指导者“；D. offici al”官员“。作者是去教孩子们如何游泳,是一个指导员的角色。故选C。

（3）考查名词。句意：起初，我是一个老师的助理。A. student”学生“；B. assistant ”助手“；C. colleague”同事“；D. servant”仆人“。那次志愿者工作的第一天,作者当的是老师的一个助手。故选B。

（4）考查动词。句意："下一步我们要做什么?""游戏时间是什么时候?"这只是我经常被问到的两个问题。A. asked”询问“；B. taught”教“；C. doubted”怀疑“；D. explai ned”解释“。孩子们天生爱玩,在学游泳的时候总是问作者问题。故选A。

（5）考查形容词。句意：上第一堂课的那天，我以为这将是一份普通的工作。A. interesting”有趣的“；B. ordinary”普通的“；C. challenging”挑战的“；D. creative”有创造力的“。由于作者很小就开始学习游泳,知道游泳的窍门,所以就觉得教小孩子游泳是一件很普通的事情。故选B。

（6）考查动词。句意：我想，自从我五岁开始上游泳课以来，我就知道游泳的诀窍了。A. declared”宣称“；B. s tressed”强调“；C. assume”设想“；D. concluded”推断“。根据下文内容可知是作者自己设想的，故选C。

（7）考查名词。句意：我想，自从我五岁开始上游泳课以来，我就知道游泳的诀窍了。A. fare”费用“；B. trick”诀窍“；C. ambition”野心“；D. process”过程“。根据上文”since I had taken swimming lessons from the age of five“可知作者五岁开始上游泳课，知道游泳的诀窍。故选B。

（8）考查名词。句意：毕竟，我擅长各种泳姿!A. jobs”职业“；B. abilities”能力“；C. components”组件“；D. styles”泳姿“。作者知道游泳的窍门,擅长各种泳姿。故选D。

（9）考查副词。句意：然而，我很快发现，教游泳不仅仅是知道如何游泳。A. However”然而“；B. Therefore”因此“；C. Moreover”此外“；D. Otherwise”否则“。然而,作者发现事情并没有那么简单。故选A。

（10）考查名词。句意：从那一刻起，我对教学的看法发生了变化。A. e xpectation”期待“；B. instruction”指令“；C. requirement”要求“；D. assessment”评定，看法“。根据上文可知，作者认为教小孩子游泳是很简单的,但实际上并非如此,所以推出,作者对于教孩子游泳的看法改变了。故选D。

（11）考查形容词。句意：为了指导孩子，我们必须使课程有趣，让他们学习。A. important”重要的“；B. enjoyable”有趣的“；C. famous”有名的“；D. flexible”灵活的“。作者不得不把自己的"课"变得有趣,以便小孩们能学会。故选B。

（12）考查动词。句意：我必须学习许多能帮助孩子们发展为游泳运动员的游戏。A. develop”发展“；B. promise”承诺“；C. discuss”讨论“；D. introduce”介绍“。作者还学了很多游戏来帮助孩子们朝会游泳的人的方向发展。故选A。

（13）考查形容词。句意：我必须致力于教育他们，为他们树立一个积极的榜样。A. extreme”极端的“；B. classic”经典的“；C. active”活跃的；积极的“；D. secure”安全的“。为了使孩子们学得更快,作者还积极示范。故选C。

（14）考查动词短语。句意：我本想教一群孩子，但结果是我的学生教会了我如何成为一名有帮助的老师。A. turned out”结果证明“；B. figured out”弄清楚“；C. came out”出版“；D. pointed out”指出“。作者本以为是去教小孩们游泳的,可结果是孩子们教会了作者如何教育别人,如何成为一个乐于助人的老师的道理。故选A。

（15）考查形容词。句意：我本想教一群孩子，但结果是我的学生教会了我如何成为一名有帮助的老师。A. generous”大方的“；B. humorous”幽默的“；C. outspoken”坦率的“；D. helpful”有帮助的“。孩子们教会了作者如何教育别人,如何成为一个乐于助人的老师的道

理。故选D。

（16）考查动词。句意：不仅学习孩子们的名字很有挑战性，而且对他们的个性和情绪做

出反应也很有挑战性。A. respond”回答“；B. contribute”贡献“；C. stick”坚持“；D. object”反

对“。作者觉得应对小孩们的个性和情绪也是很有挑战性的。故选A。

（17）考查名词。句意：帮助这些孩子有很多成就，其中之一就是看到一个孩子完成了他

们遇到我之前无法完成的任务。A. difficulties”困难“；B. features”特征“；C. achievements”成

就“；D. situations”情况“。和孩子们待在一起有着许多的成就。故选C。

（18）考查动词。句意：帮助这些孩子有很多成就，其中之一就是看到一个孩子完成了他

们遇到我之前无法完成的任务。A. assign”分配“；B. organize”组织“；C. recognize‘辨认”；D. accomplish“完成”。许多的成就中其中之一就是看着他们去完成以前不能完成的任务。故选D。

（19）考查副词。句意：重要的是，通过志愿者工作，我明白了付出总会有回报，努力总

会有收获。A. Recently“最近”；B. Occasionally“偶尔”；C. Importantly“重要地”；D. Suddenly“突然”。重要的是,作者明白了"付出总有回报,努力就有收获"的人生哲理。故选C。

（20）考查名词。句意：重要的是，通过志愿者工作，我明白了付出总会有回报，努力总

会有收获。A. adventures“冒险”；B. gains“收获”；C. contests“竞赛”；D. dreams“梦”。作者明

白了"付出总有回报,努力就有收获"的人生哲理。故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一

篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行

分析推理，从而选出正确答案。

4．（2019? 全国Ⅰ）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出

可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

Every year about 40,000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro, the highest mountain in Africa. They 1 with them lots of waste. The 2 might damage the beauty of the place. The glaciers(冰川)are disappearing, changing the 3 of Kilimanjaro.

Hearing these stories, I'm 4 about the place — other destinations are described as "purer" natural experiences.

However, I soon 5 that much has changed since the days of disturbing reports of 6 among tons of rubbish. I find a 7 mountain, with toilets at camps and along the paths. The environmental challenges are 8 but the efforts made by the Tanzania National Park Authority seem to be 9 .

The best of a Kilimanjaro 10 , in my opinion, isn't reaching the top. Mountains are 11 as spiritual places by many cultures. This 12 is especially evident on Kilimanjaro as 13 go through five ecosystems(生态系统)in the space of a few kilometers. At the base is a rainforest. It ends abruptly at 3, 000 meters, 14 lands of low growing plants. Further up, the weather 15 — low clouds envelope the mountainsides, which are covered with thick grass. I 16 twelve shades of green from where I stand. Above 4, 000 meters is the highland 17 : gravel(砾石), stones and rocks. 18 you climb into an arctic-like zone

with 19 snow and the glaciers that may soon disappear.

Does Kilimanjaro 20 its reputation as a crowded mountain with lines of tourists ruining the atmosphere of peace？I found the opposite to be true.

1. A. keep B. mix C. connect D. bring

2. A. stories B. buildings C. crowds D. reporters

3. A. position B. age C. face D. name

4. A. silent B. skeptical C. serious D. crazy

5. A. discover B. argue C. decide D. advocate

6. A. equipment B. grass C. camps D. stones

7. A. remote B. quiet C. all D. clean

8. A. new B. special C. significant D. necessary

9. A. paying off B. spreading out C. blowing up D. fading away

10. A. atmosphere B. experience C. experiment D. sight

11. A. studied B. observed C. explored D. regarded

12. A. view B. quality C. reason D. purpose

13. A. scientists B. climbers C. locals D. officials

14. A. holding on to B. going back to C. living up to D. giving way to

15. A. changes B. clears C. improves D. permits

16. A. match B. imagine C. count D. add

17. A. village B. desert C. road D. lake

18. A. Obviously B. Easily C. Consequently D. Finally

19. A. permanent B. little C. fresh D. artificial

20. A. enjoy B. deserve C. save D. acquire

【答案】（1）D；（2）C；（3）C；（4）B；（5）A；（6）C；（7）D；（8）C；（9）A；（10）B；（11）D；（12）A；（13）B；（14）D；（15）A；（16）C；（17）B；（18）D；（19）A；（20）B；

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。每年有大约4万人去攀登乞力马扎罗山，他们带来了大量垃圾，破坏了环境，甚至导致冰川消失。作者抱着怀疑的态度去攀登此山，却发现与报道的大不一样。

（1）考查动词辨析。A. keep保持；B. mix混合；C. connect联系；D. bring带来；根据句意：人们尝试登山，带来了大量的垃圾。故答案为D。

（2）考查名词辨析。A.stories故事；B. buildings 建筑；C. crowds人群；D. reporters记者。此处指前文提到的about 40,000 people，担心他们会破坏这里的美景，故答案为C。

（3）考查名词辨析。A. position位置；B. age年龄；C. face 脸；外观；D. name名字。因为冰川在消失，所以会改变乞力马扎罗山的外观，故答案为C。

（4）考查形容词辨析。A. silent 沉默的；B. skeptical怀疑的；C. serious严肃的；D. crazy 疯狂的；听到这些故事，作者感到不信。因为在下文中作者的所见与报道的完全不一样。故答案为B。

（5）考查动词辨析。A. discover发现；B. argue争论； C. decide决定；D. advocate提倡；

下文中much has changed是作者在沿途所看见的，故答案为A。

（6）考查名词辨析。A. equipment设备；B. grass草；C. camps营地；D. stones石头。上文中提到登山者带来的大量垃圾，在垃圾堆中的当然是登山者的营房，故答案为C。

（7）考查形容词辨析。A. remote遥远的；B. quiet安静的；C. all所有的；D. clean干净的。此处与前文的change呼应，根据下文的with toilets at camps and along the paths可知这里的环境是“干净的”，故答案为D。

（8）考查形容词辨析。A. new新的；B. special特别的；C. significant重大的；D. necessary 必要的。环境挑战是“重大的”，但是坦桑尼亚国家公园的管理者做出的努力也是有了回报。故答案为C。

（9）考查动词短语辨析。A. paying off得到回报；B. spreading out传播出去；C. blowing up 爆炸；D. fading away逐渐消失。坦桑尼亚国家公园的管理者做出的努力好像有了回报，故答案为A。

（10）考查名词辨析。A. atmosphere气氛；B. experience经历；C. experiment实验；D. sight风景；本句的isn't reaching the top指的是“体验；经历”，故答案为B。

（11）考查动词辨析。A. studied学习；B. observed观察；C. explored探索；D. regarded看作。在很多文化中，山被看作是神圣的地方。be regarded as被看作，故答案为D。

（12）考查名词辨析。A. view风景；B. quality质量；C. reason原因；D. purpose目的；在乞力马扎罗山上，这种风景特别明显，因为一个人可以在几公里的空间经历五种生态系统。故答案为A。

（13）考查名词辨析。A. scientists科学家；B. climbers登山者；C. locals本地人；D. officials 官员。在山上经历多种生态系统的当然是“登山者”，故答案为B。

（14）考查动词短语辨析。A. holding on to坚持；B. going back to回到；C. living up to不辜负；D. giving way to为…让路。此处描述由雨林到低矮的灌木的变化，故答案为D。

（15）考查动词辨析。A. changes变化；B. clears清除；C. improves提高；改善；D. permits 允许。此处描述天气的变化，故答案为A。

（16）考查动词辨析。A. match匹配；B. imagine想象；C. count数；D. add加。本句中的twelve shades of green是“数”出来的，故答案为C。

（17）考查名词辨析。A. village村庄；B. desert沙漠；C. road公路；D. lake湖。冒号后的gravel（砾石）, stones and rocks是“沙漠”的地表特征，故答案为B。

（18）考查形容词辨析。A. Obviously明显的；B. Easily容易地；C. Consequently结果；D. Finally最后。arctic-like zone是五种生态系统中的最后一种，故答案为D。

（19）考查形容词辨析。A. permanent永久的；B. little小的；C. fresh新鲜的；D. artificial 人造的；根据常识，山顶上的now and the glaciers是一直存在的。故答案为A。

（20）考查动词辨析。句意：乞力马扎罗山上游人如织，破坏了它的宁静的氛围是名不虚传吗？我看恰恰相反。A. enjoy喜欢；B. deserve值得；C. save救；D. acquire获得。deserve one's reputation名不虚传。故答案为B。

【点评】本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇人生感悟类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。

历届高考英语完形填空全国卷

高考完形填空专项训练步步高 抓好三方面●跨好三大步●做好三结合 ------谈完形填空解题技巧中学生在做完形填空题时存在的问题，概括起来有以下三方面： 1.不善于抓文章的主旨大意，并以此为中心展开对整篇文章的推理、判断，导致理解上出现偏差，甚至和文章的中心相悻。 2.容易受定势思维的影响，对文意分析不透，忽视特定语境中知识的运用。 3.对完形填空题怀有厌倦、畏惧心理，以至做题时处于应付状态，做题能力得不到提高。 那么，怎样才能提高做完形填空题的能力呢？我们应从以下三方面入手训练思维能力和解题技巧：抓准主旨、透析文意、理清逻辑。并在做题过程中把这三方面与做完形填空的三大步骤“通读、精读、复读”有机结合，明确每步的思维主攻方向。即抓好三方面，跨好三大步，做好三结合。 一、通读短文抓主旨 一般情况下，完形填空短文都不给标题，不容易把握文章的主题和大意。但短文首句通常不设空格，这就为我们窥视文章全貌提供了一个窗口，而尾句往往是文章的总结、结论或点睛之笔，所以抓住开篇启示作用的首句和总结概括性的尾句是必要的。借助于首尾句给予的启示，克服不良心理的影响，满怀信心，全神贯注，目光越过空格，注意能体现文章大意的关键词句，尽力从整体上理解短文大意，这是逐空填词的重要依据和基础。如果一开始就忙于见空填空，势必无法从整体上把握全文概要，无法形成连贯的思路，只见树木不见森林，理解偏离文章的中心，造成顾，此失彼的错误，甚至影响做题速度。 抓住了文章的主旨大意后，我们围绕主旨大意去阅读、预测、推理、判断，往往会收到事半功倍的效果。尤其是一些干扰性强，容易使人犯想当然错误的选项就会迎刃而解。 二、精读短文析文意 在基本抓住文章的主旨后，应逐句精读短文，逐题分析选项，对特定的语境做深人的理解，克服“定势思维”，根据全文大意和词不离句，句不离文的原则，逐项填空。切不可以单纯的词汇辨析或语法角度去做题，而应以能否恰如其分地表达文意作为选择最佳答案的唯一标准。要吃透文意，理解到位，我们应做到以下几点： 1.从上下文的角度考虑，注意其内在联系。就题论题，断章取义，忽视上下文的信息提示是我们常犯的错误。因此我们在做题时要注重暗含的信息提示，找准突破口，确保文意畅通。 2.从词汇意义及用法、惯用法和搭配的角度去考虑，准确判断。NMET完形填空题中考查词汇意义及用法、惯用法和搭配的题目逐年增多，必须结合上下文把握文意，研读

高考英语 完形填空 专题训练

高考英语完形填空专题训练 阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 一 For millions of people, the mere thought of climbing a ladder or looking over a cliff is enough to set the heart racing. But now scientists have come to the 1 with a pill to treat the fear of 2 . The medicine — which contains the stress hormone cortisol (压力荷尔蒙皮质醇) — 3 with traditional treatment to help people 4 what makes them frightened. Fear of high places, or acrophobia, is one of the most common phobias (恐惧症). 5 , it is treated by exposing people to heights. 6 , the old way is rarely fully successful. The7 method combines this “exposure treatment”with an amount of cortisol, the hormone released by the body in times of 8 . The international team of scientists tested the 9 of a cortisol pill on 40 people 10 acrophobia. The participants were either given cortisol or a placebo 11 they were exposed to heights. Placebos look like 12 , but they have no medical effect and are safe for humans. At the end of the 13 , the participants were asked to describe how 14 they were using a questionnaire. Those taking cortisol were 15 less frightened. The effects were also 16 , with the participants still feeling less frightened a month after taking the pill. The scientists 17 that cortisol works by making people forget what they 18 . It is thought to cut blood flow to areas of the brain that bring back memories, leaving people unable to recall (忆起) their phobia of heights. It also 19 the creation of new memories —allowing patients to 20 their new-found bravery. The drug’s effects have been reported in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 1. A. rescue B. scene C. ground D. agreement 2. A. heights B. competition C. stages D. weight

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