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美丽中国3中英文解说

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西藏高原的陆地面积约占中国领土的四分之一

The Tibetan plateau is a quarter of China.

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其中的大部分极度偏远荒无人烟

Much of it is extremely remote and inhospitable.

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南部边界贯穿了世界上最高的山脉

Its southern border runs through the world's highest mountain range,

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望而生畏的喜马拉雅山

the formidable Himalayas.

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中部是暴露在风中的寒冷荒地

Its central part is a windswept and freezing

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其面积与西欧相似

wilderness the size of Western Europe.

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难以置信

这个具有挑战性的地方竟然是野生动物的家园

But this challenging place is home to incredible wildlife.

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这里的大型生物比中国其它任何地方还要多

There are more large creatures here than anywhere else in China.

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西藏加入到新中国这个大家庭五十多年来

Tibet has been a province of China for more than 50 years,

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有着1000多年悠久历史的的藏传佛教

yet it has a unique character,

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依旧保持着她独特的风貌

shaped by over 1,000 years of Tibetan Buddhism.

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这个鲜为人知的

散发着古老气息的宗教

This obscure and archaic-looking religion

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孕育了这个世界上最开明的文化

has produced one of the most enlightened cultures on Earth.

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在这里人们与自然界

Here,people have a long tradition of co-existing peacefully

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和谐相处的悠久传统

with the creatures and landscape around them,

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促进了对脆弱自然环境的保护

a relationship which has helped to protect their fragile environment.

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在这个节目中我们将展示

这块承载着古老文化的厚重土地

In this programme we will discover why this harsh land with its ancient

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对我们的地球来说是多么的重要

culture is vitally important for much of our planet.

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初冬

It's the beginning of winter,

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高高的青藏高原之上

high up on the Tibetan plateau.

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气温会骤降到零下40摄氏度

The temperature will soon drop to minus 40 Celsius.

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在这里

生命中只剩下唯一的念头--求存

Out here,life is reduced to a single imperative - survival.

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对于这只盘羊

世界上最大的羊而言

For the argali,the world's largest sheep,

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这就意味着寻找几簇草丛

it means searching for a few tufts of grass.

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从山顶到更低一些的地方

Descending from the hilltops to lower altitudes,

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盘羊为了安全而团结在一起

the argali band together for safety.

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如果顺利的话

在这里能找到足够的食物

Hopefully, down here,they'll be able to find enough food

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以帮助它们熬过残冬

to last them through the rest of the winter.

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尽管冬的大地是如此的贫瘠与荒凉

Although this winter landscape looks barren and forbidden,

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西藏偏远的草地却养活着

种类多的令人吃惊的生物

Tibet's remote grasslands support a surprising variety of creatures.

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尽管每年的这个时候

难以寻觅它们的踪迹

Though at this time of year, they can be hard to track down.

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相比之下

西藏的首府拉萨却熙攘异常

By comparison,Tibet's capital,Lhasa,is a hive of activity.

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拉萨是众多朝圣者的聚集地

Lhasa is a focus for large numbers of pilgrims

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他们每天在市内的庙宇相聚

who congregate at the city's temples each day.

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西藏供养着超过250万的人口

Tibet is home to over 2.5 million people,

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其中大部分都是虔诚的信徒

most of whom are deeply religious.

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尽管西藏的佛教徒倾心于精致复杂的庙宇

雕塑以及画像

Though Tibetan Buddhist worship centres on elaborate temples,statues and images,

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他们的信仰却和西藏的野生环境密切地交织在一起

its beliefs are intimately linked with the wild landscapes of Tibet.

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这种关系起源于

The starting point for that relationship is the mountain range

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蜿蜒在西藏南部边界的山脉

that runs along Tibet's southern border.

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喜马拉雅山脉的长度超过了3000千米

Over 3,000 kilometres long,

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是中国真正意义上的长城

the Himalayas are China's real Great Wall.

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有上百个山峰的海拔超过了7000米

其中十三个的海拔超过了8000米

With hundreds of peaks over 7,000 metres and 13 peaks

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是地球上最高的山峰

higher than 8,000 metres,they are the highest mountains on Earth.

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西藏地区有3万5千个以上的冰川

The Tibetan region contains over 35,000 glaciers

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覆盖了超过10万平方千米的土地

that cover over 100,000 square kilometres.

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组成了除去极地之外的最大的冰区

They comprise the largest area of ice outside the polar regions,

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接近世界冰区总面积的六分之一

and nearly a sixth of the world's total.

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冰川是这个地区大部分水流的源头

These glaciers are the source of most of the water in the region.

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青藏高原上镶嵌着众多冰冷的湖泊

And the Tibetan plateau is studded with glacial lakes.

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坐落在西藏遥远西部海拔4500米处的玛旁雍错湖

At over 4,500 metres up,Lake Manasarovar

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是世界上海拔最高的淡水湖

in the far west of Tibet,is the highest freshwater lake in the world.

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晚春时节

寒冷的湖水吸引了很多繁衍的鸟儿

In late spring,the chilly lake waters are a magnet for breeding birds.

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这只冠毛给它同伴衔来了杂草

以此示爱

The crested grebe woos his mate with offerings of weed for her nest.

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最终

爱巢为它们圆房做好了准备

Finally the honeymoon suite is ready for action.

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除了

这里还有世界上飞的最高的鸟

The grebes are joined by the highest flying birds in the world.

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斑头鹤在喜马拉雅山的南面过冬

Having spent the winter south of the Himalayas,

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每年春天都要冒险飞越巅峰

bar-headed geese make the hazardous mountain crossing each spring

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到高原的湖泊繁衍生息

to breed on the plateau's lakes.

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为了安全它们在一起筑巢

The geese nest together for safety.

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但如此多的小鸟同时孵出也就意味着

找到亲生父母是一个很棘手的问题

But so many chicks hatching at the same time means that it can be tricky finding your parents.

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幸运的是一旦到了水里

Fortunately,once down at the water's edge,

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就能够找到足够的食物

there's enough food for all of them.

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凭借着高山冰川

Fed by the mountain glaciers,

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青藏高原甚至形成了自己的内陆湖

the Tibetan plateau even has its own inland sea.

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青海湖

This is Qinghai Lake,

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中国最大的内陆湖

China's largest.

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经过百万年的蒸发

矿物质浓缩了在湖中

Millions of years of evaporation have concentrated the minerals in the lake,

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使水变得咸了

turning the water salty.

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湖中丰富的鱼资源吸引了成千上万的鸬鹚

Rich in fish,its waters attract thousands of cormorants.

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西藏的湖泊不仅是野生动物的家园

But it's not just wildlife that values Tibet's lakes and seas.

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其间的水也使得人类的生命得以延续

Their life-giving waters are also important to people.

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西藏的宗教是佛教与曾经在此地广为流传的

Tibetan religion is a unique mix of Buddhism and much older

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古老萨满教的独特的混合体

Shamanic beliefs that were once widespread throughout the region.

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这种混合信仰构成了

他们与自然独特关系的基础

This hybrid religion forms the basis of an extraordinary relationship with nature.

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在萨满教义中

这片土地被赋予了魔力

In Shamanic belief,the land is imbued with magical properties

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使之能够帮助与精神世界进行交流

which aid communication with the spirit world.

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在这里动物的头骨被装饰起来

岩石也刻上了神圣的曼特拉(传统的颂歌)

Here animal skulls are decorated,and rocks are carved with sacred mantras,

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人们认为那些音节拥有精神的力量

groups of syllables that are considered to have spiritual power.

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人们相信诵读这些曼特拉能够产生魔音

The reciting of the mantras is believed to create a magical sound

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在宇宙中回响

that reverberates through the universe.

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大地被分别代表了金木水火土五种元素的

The landscape is decorated with multi-coloured flags which

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多彩的经幡装饰着

represent the five elements - fire,wood,earth,water and iron.

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经幡上印着祷文用以净化空气

安抚神灵

The flags are printed with prayers to purify the air and pacify the gods,

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而风会把这些祈祷带向天堂。

and the wind blows the prayers to heaven.

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印着祷文的经幡所装裱的番杆经常会被换上新的经幡

The poles on which the prayer flags are mounted are regularly replenished with fresh flags.

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而旧的经幡很是珍贵

那些最接近番杆顶部的

The old flags are treasured. Those nearest the top of the pole

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经幡更是象征着吉祥如意

所以经幡的争夺可能会很激烈

are the most auspicious,so competition for these can get fierce!

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番杆顶部的金顶

The golden dome,which is mounted right at the top of the prayer pole,

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是所有物体当中最神圣的

is the most sacred object of all.

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至少

一旦它被降下来之后是这样。

Or it will be,once it's retrieved.

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古老的萨满教把魔法的力量归功于这片土地.

The old Shamanic beliefs of Tibet ascribed magical powers to the landscape.

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但这里还有的更多可以感知的力量

But there's a far more tangible source of power here

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却和魔法没有一丁点关系

which owes nothing at all to magic.

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散布于高原上的是滚烫的温泉

Strewn across the plateau are boiling thermal springs,

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这是在这里有百万年历史的

the evidence of mighty natural forces

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浑厚的自然力量存在的证据

which have been at work over millions of years.

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在地下深处巨大的亚洲板块和

Deep below the surface,the vast continental plates

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印度板块互相冲击

of Asia and India are crashing into each other.

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地下的混乱状态使大量含硫的蒸汽喷薄而出

The turmoil below erupts in clouds of sulphurous steam.

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由滚烫的矿物泉来孕育生命

听起来并不太可能

It seems unlikely that scalding mineral springs should support life.

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但确实有种不寻常的生物因之而繁衍兴旺

But one unlikely creature thrives here precisely because of them.

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这种温泉蛇是西藏所特有的

The hot spring snake is unique to Tibet

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人们把它在高原艰苦环境存活下来的原因

and is believed to have survived the inhospitable conditions up

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主要归功于这里的天然地热

on the plateau principally thanks to this natural central heating.

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这些冷血的蛇在由温泉形成的溪流中游弋

These cold-blooded snakes hang out in streams and rivers which are fed

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在温泉中它们无忧无虑的生活着

by the hot springs,where they enjoy a surprisingly productive lifestyle.

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滑进温暖的水中耐心地等待

脑袋在水面上下疾动静等鱼儿上钩

Slipping into the warm water,they wait patiently,bobbing their heads on the look-out for fish.

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正由于与形成喜马拉雅山的火山的

不寻常关系

Thanks to its unlikely relationship with the volcanic forces which built the Himalayas,

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温泉蛇才得以生存在

the hot spring snake is able to survive.

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海拔4500米的地方

at altitudes up to 4,500 metres,

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这使它成为了世界上过着

最奢侈的生活的蛇

making it the highest-living snake in the world.

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亚洲和印度板块之间的缓慢运动

The slow-motion crash between Asia and India

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已经持续了3千万年之久。

has been going on for 30 million years.

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喜马拉雅山脉就是

这两个大陆板块撞击后的结果

The Himalayas are the crumple-zone created by these two colliding landmasses,

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它是一个山峦和山谷的迷宫

a bewildering maze of mountains and valleys,

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也是各种难以捉摸的野生动物的家园

home to elusive wild creatures.

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在这个多岩的恶劣环境中

In this rugged and unforgiving terrain,

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散落着各种碎石和冰冷的河流

littered with fractured rock and ice cold rivers,

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极微小的失误也可能导致致命的后果

the slightest miscalculation may have fatal consequences.

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雪豹是世界上居住的海拔最高的猫科动物

The snow leopard is the world's highest-living big cat.

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但这里还有一种更小的食肉动物

它居住在海拔更高的地方

But there's another,smaller predator that ranges even higher,

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几乎是在世界之巅

almost to the roof of the world.

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在令人目眩的海拔8848米的高度看

At a mind-numbing 8,848 metres high,

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珠穆朗玛峰是地球上最危险的地方之一

Everest is one of the most hostile places for life on Earth.

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数百人在试图征服它的尝试中死于非命

Hundreds of people have died trying to conquer it.

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但当攀登者们第一次完成登山之路的四分之三的之时

But when climbers first reached the ice fields three quarters of the way

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有种生物早已在这方面打败了他们。

up the mountain,something had already beaten them to it.

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这种跳蜘蛛是地球上海拔最高的永久居住民

This jumping spider is the highest permanent resident on the planet.

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在珠穆朗玛峰的冰川之中

Totally at home amongst the glaciers of Everest,

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它在斜坡上四处搜索靠风飞行的猎物

比如弹尾虫。

it scours the slopes for wind-borne prey such as springtails.

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中国人把这种小而凶猛的猎食者成为“飞虎”

Chinese call this fierce little hunter the "fly tiger".

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跳蜘蛛在世界各地都有分布

Jumping spiders are found all over the world.

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他们的八对眼睛中有一对很大

Their eight eyes include an oversized central pair,

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像双筒望远镜一样四处搜寻潜在的目标

which act like powerful binoculars to spot potential victims.

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他们利用水压使腿像活塞一样

They use hydraulic pressure to work their legs like pistons,

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可以弹跳到30倍于他们体长的高度

catapulting up to 30 times their own body length.

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这是在山地中行走的理想方法

The ideal way to get around in rocky terrain.

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但像其他的登山者一样

他们也总是先确认哪里是“安全线”

But like all mountaineers,they always secure a safety line first.

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一个弹尾虫正盯着碎石屑

A springtail grazes on detritus,

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对这个耍杂技般的掠夺者的潜行跟踪浑然不觉

unaware that it's being stalked by such an acrobatic predator.

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藏民们把珠穆朗玛峰称为“Qomolangma(珠穆朗玛)”

The Tibetans call Everest "Qomolangma",

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意为“大地之母”

meaning "mother of the world".

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这象征着他们对山的热爱

而不管山看起来多么的冷酷无情

It's a mark of their affection for the mountain,however brutal it may appear.

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从高山一直到广阔的平原都充满危险

Venture further from the mountains and out onto the open plateau,

146

00:18:57,027 --> 00:19:00,387

在这里活下去并不容易

and life doesn't appear to get any easier.

147

00:19:01,866 --> 00:19:04,666

风在大地上急速穿过

High winds scour the landscape

148

00:19:04,426 --> 00:19:07,906

气温也可以从酷热难当骤降到冰冷入骨

and temperaturescan drop from baking to freezing in moments.

149

00:19:16,490 --> 00:19:21,120

这里是羌塘或叫北部草原

This is the Chang Tang or Northern Grassland.

150

00:19:20,785 --> 00:19:24,115

它远离人烟，被称为“世界第三极”

It's so remote that it's been called the Third Pole.

151

00:19:27,354 --> 00:19:30,274

这里海拔超过5000米

It's about 5,000 metres above sea level,

152

00:19:30,810 --> 00:19:34,490

远远超出了人们会有高原反应的高度

way above the point at which altitude sickness starts to affect humans.

153

00:19:35,624 --> 00:19:40,814

在这个高度下

大部分人都要不停地喘气

At this height,most people are gasping for breath.

154

00:19:41,000 --> 00:19:44,720

但缺少氧气却对这种生物没多大影响

But lack of oxygen hasn't cramped this creature's style.

155

00:19:50,727 --> 00:19:55,797

长角羚或叫藏羚羊

已经到了冬季的发情期。

Chiru,or Tibetan antelope,have arrived for the winter rut.

156

00:20:03,177 --> 00:20:06,967

在这样耗能的稀薄空气当中

雄性还必须经常地围着

In the energy-sapping thin air,the males must try to control

157

00:20:06,952 --> 00:20:11,522

成群的雌性跑

以使她们在自己的控制之下。

groups of females by constantly rounding them up and corralling them.

158

00:20:21,190 --> 00:20:23,150

但是藏羚羊也有优势

But the chiru have an advantage.

159

00:20:23,701 --> 00:20:27,091

他们的红血球数量是我们的两倍

Their red blood cell count is twice as high as ours,

160

00:20:27,605 --> 00:20:31,245

即使在如此高的纬度

也足以为他们的

sufficient to supply their muscles with oxygen

161

00:20:30,828 --> 00:20:33,068

肌肉输送氧气

even at this extreme altitude.

162

00:20:43,773 --> 00:20:47,563

然而

想要控制住这么一大群家眷并不容易，

Nevertheless,it's hard work keeping his harem in check,

163

00:20:48,260 --> 00:20:51,740

甚至有时

雄性的生活会更加艰难。

and the male's life is about to get even harder.

164

00:20:53,189 --> 00:20:56,749

另一只雄性垂涎于它的家眷们

Another male is gearing up to steal his females.

165

00:22:17,448 --> 00:22:23,528

除非逼不得已

雄性一般不会冒险用它们剑一样锋利的角搏斗。

With their rapier-like horns,the males won't risk fighting unless they really have to.

166

00:22:23,551 --> 00:22:27,191

但如果双方都不退让

大战就不可避免。

But if neither backs down,conflict is inevitable.

167

00:22:39,830 --> 00:22:41,760

有时甚至不死不休

Some of these fights end in death.

168

00:23:08,573 --> 00:23:12,643

在雄性抵抗的时候

美丽中国3中英文解说

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