人教版-高中英语必修3重点词汇、短语、句型、语法全汇总

人教版| 必修3重点词汇、短语、句型、语法全汇总

Unit1 Festivals around the world

【重点词汇、短语】

1. take place 发生

2. religious 宗教的

3. in memory of 纪念

4. belief 信任，信心，信仰

5. dress up 盛装，打扮

6. trick 诡计，窍门

7. play a trick on 搞恶作剧，诈骗

8. gain 获得

9. gather 搜集，集合

10. award 奖品，授予

11. admire 赞美，钦佩

12. look forward to 期望，盼望

13. day and night 日夜

14. as though 好像

15. have fun with 玩的开心

16. permission 许可，允许

17. turn up 出现，到场

18. keep one’s word 守信用

19. hold one’s breath 屏息

20. apologize道歉

21. obvious 显然的

22. set off 出发，动身，使爆炸

【重点句型】

1. Please make sure when and where the accident took place.

请查清楚事故是何时何地发生的。

2. Some festival are held to honour the dead, or satisfy and please the ancestors, who could return either to help or to do harm.

还有一些节日，是为了纪念死者、满足或取悦祖先，因为（祖先们）有可能回到世上帮助他们，也有可能带来危害。

3. In Japan the festival is called Obon，when people should go to clean the graves and light incense in memory of their ancestors.（非限制性定语从句）

在日本，这个节叫孟兰盆节，在这个节日里，人们要上坟、扫墓、烧香，以缅怀祖先。

4. They dress up and try to frighten people.

他们乔装打扮去吓唬别人。

5. If they are not given anything, the children might play a trick.

如果你什么也不打发给孩子，他们可能会捉弄别人。

6. In India there is a national festival on October 2 to honour Mahatma Gandhi, the leader who helped gain India's independence from Britain. 在印度，10月2日是纪念马哈特马.甘地的全国性节日，他是帮助印度脱离英国而独立的领袖。

7. The most energetic and important festivals are the ones that look forward to the end of winter and to the coming of spring.

最富生气而又最重要的节日，就是告别冬天、迎来春天的日子。

8. The country is covered with cherry tree flowers so that it looks as though it might be covered with pink snow.

整个国度处处都是樱花盛开，看上去就像罩上了一层粉红色的雪。

【语法总结】

情态动词

定义：情态动词是一种本身有一定的词义、但要与动词原形及其被动语态一起使用，给谓语动词增添情态色彩，表示说话人对有关行为或事物的态度和看法，认为其可能、应该或必要等。

情态动词数量不多，主要有下列：

can (could), may (might), must, need, ought to, dare (dared), shall (should), will (would),have (to) ,had better.

一. can和could的用法

1. 表示能力或客观可能性，还可以表示请求和允许。

注意：①could也可表示请求，语气委婉，主要用于疑问句，不可用于肯定句，答语应用can。

②can表示能力时，还可用be able to代替。

2. 表示惊异、怀疑、不相信的态度。（主要用在否定句、疑问句或惊叹句中）

3. “can(could) + have + 过去分词”的疑问或否定形式表示对过去发生的行为怀疑或不肯定。

4. 用在疑问句及否定句中，表示惊讶，不相信等。

5. cannot…too...表示“无论怎样……也不过分”

二. may和might的用法

1. 表示许可。

表示请求、允许时，might比may的语气更委婉一些，否定回答时(口语中常用) no , you can’t . or , yes, please 用mustn’t表示“不可以”、“禁止”、“阻止”之意(具有强烈禁止的意思)。

用May I…征询对方许可在文体上比较正式，在口气上比较客气。在日常口语中，用Can I ... 征询对方意见在现代口语中更为常见。

2. 用于祈使句中表示祝愿。

3. 表示推测、可能（疑问句不能用于此意）。

4. “may(might) + have + 过去分词”表示对过去发生的行为的推测。

三. must和have to的用法

1. 表示必须、必要。（must表示主观多一些而have to则表示客观多一些）回答must引出的问句时，如果是否定的回答，不能用mustn’t，而要用needn’t或don’t have to。

2.“must be + 表语”的结构表示推测，它的否定或疑问式用can代替must。

3. “must + have + 过去分词”的结构常用在肯定句中，表示对过去发生的行为的推测。它的否定或疑问式用can代替must。

4. have to的含义与must相似，两者往往可以互换使用，但have to有各种形式，随have的变化而定。

注意：have to也可拼做have got to。

四. dare和need的用法

1. need表示“需要”，作情态动词时，仅用于否定句或疑问句中，在肯定句中一般用must, have to, ought to,或should代替。

注意：needn't + 不定式的完成式“表示本来不必做某事而实际上做了某事”

2. dare作情态动词时，主要用于疑问句、否定句和条件状语从句中，一般不用在肯定句中。

3. dare和need常用作实义动词，有时态、人称和数的变化，所不同的是，作实义动词时，在肯定句中，dare后面通常接带to的不定式，在否定和疑问句中，dare后面可接带to或不带to的不定式。

五. shall和should的用法

1. shall的用法：

①shall用于第一人称，表示征求对方的意愿。

②shall用于第一、第三人称疑问句中，表示说话人征求对方的意见或向对方请示。

③shall用于第二、第三人称，表示说话人给对方命令、警告、允诺或威胁。

2. should的用法：

①should表示劝告、建议、命令，其同义词是ought to；在疑问句中，通常用should代替ought to。

②Why(or How) + should结构表示说话人对某事不能理解，感到意外、惊异等意思。意为“竟会”。

③“should + have + 过去分词”结构一般表示义务，表示应该做到而实际上没有做到，并包含一种埋怨、责备的口气。

六. will和would的用法

1. 表示请求、建议等，would比will委婉客气。

2. 表示意志、愿望和决心。

3. 用“will be”和“will(would) + have + 过去分词”的结构表示推测，主要用于第二、三人称。前者表示对目前情况的推测，后者表示对已经完成的动作或事态的推测。

4. would可表示过去反复发生的动作或某种倾向。

5. 表料想或猜想。

七. ought to的用法

1. ought to表示应该。

2. 表示推测。注意与must表示推测时的区别：

He must be at home by now. （断定他已到家）

He ought to be home by now. （不十分肯定）

This is where the oil must be. （比较直率）

This is where the oil ought to be. （比较含蓄）

3. “ought to + have + 过去分词”表示过去应做某事而实际未做。

ought和should的区别：

1.ought语气略强。

2.should较常用。

3.ought在美国英语中用的很少，而should却相当常用。

4.ought属正式用语。

八. used to，had better，would rather的用法

1. used to表示过去的习惯动作或状态，现在已不存在，在间接引语中，其形式可不变。如：

He told us he used to play football when he was young.

2. had better意为“最好”，后接不带to的不定式。

3. would rather意为“宁愿”，表选择，后接不带to的不定式。

Unit2 Healthy eating

【重点词汇、短语】

1. diet 日常饮食，节食

2. balance 平衡，天平

3. fry 油炸

4. ought to 应该

5. lose weigh 减肥

6. raw 生的，未加工的

7. get away with 被放过，（做坏事）不受惩罚

8. tell a lie 说谎

9. win…back 赢回

10. strength强项，长处，力量

11. consult 咨询，请教

12. earn one’s living 谋生

13. debt 债

14. in debt 欠债

15. limit 限制，界限

16. benefit 利益

17. combine 联合，结合

18. cut down 削减，删节

19. before long 不久以后

20. put on weight 增加体重

【重点句型】

1. The food you eat helps you grow in different ways.

你吃的食物能以不同的方式帮你成长。

2. Standing on top of the tall building, we could see the whole city. 站在高楼的顶部，我们能看到整个城市。

3. Which food contains more sugar?

哪一种食物含有更多的糖？

4. What could have happened?

可能发生了什么事？

5. Something terrible must have happened if Maochang was not coming to eat with him as he always did.

要是茂昌不像往常那样和他一起吃饭，那问题一定严重了。

6. Curiosity drove Wang Pengwei inside.

王鹏伟受到好奇心的驱使，走了进去。

7. We were surprised at finding the house empty.

我们发现这个房子空无一人，感到惊讶。

8. They had me repeat the message.

他们让我把口信又重说了一遍。

9. I have a lot of work to do.

我有很多工作要做。

10. He did not look forward to being in debt because his restaurant was no longer popular.

他可不希望由于他的餐馆不再受欢迎而负债。

【语法总结】情态动词（详见第一单元语法总结）

Unit3 The Miliion Pound Bank Note 【重点词汇、短语】

1. bring up 抚养

2. scene 现场，景色

3. permit 许可，通行证

4. go ahead 前进

5. by accident 偶然

6. stare 凝视，盯着看

7. stare at 盯着看

8. spot 发现，认出，斑点，污点

9. account 说明，总计有，账目，

10. account for 导致，做出解释

11. seek 探索，寻求

12. contrary 反面，对立面

13. on the contrary 与此相反

14. take a chance 冒险

15. in rags 衣衫褴褛

16. indeed 真正地

17. as for 关于，至于

【重点句型】

1. Have you ever made a bet with your friends?

你曾和你的朋友们打过赌吗？

2. Did he help you by accident or on purose?

他是碰巧还是有意帮你？

3. I wonder, Mr Smith, if/whether you’d mind us moving your flowers outdoors.

史密斯先生，我不知道你是否介意我们把你的花移到室外去。

4. You’re about to hear the most incredible tale.

你们马上就要听到一个最难以置信的故事。

5. Permit me to say a few words.

请允许我说几句话。

6. After the rain, we went ahead with our work.

雨停之后，我们继续工作。

7. And it was the ship that brought you to England.

正是那艘船把你带到了英国。

8. I earned my passage by working as an unpaid hand, which accounted for my appearance.

我是作为一个不拿工资的帮手赚来我的船费，这就是我为什么会衣冠不整的原因了。

9. Dick found himself walking in the direction of the church.

迪克发现自己不知不觉朝教堂方向走去。

10. Even if/though he is very nice, I don’t trust him.

即使他很好，我也不太相信他。

【语法总结】

名词性从句

在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句(Noun Clauses）。名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词性从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。

一. 名词性从句的连接词

引导名词性从句的连接词可分为四类：

1. that（无含义，不充当成分）

2. whether, if（有“是否”的含义，但不充当成分）

3. 连接代词：what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whomever,whose, which,whichever.（在从句中做主语、宾语、表语和定语）

连接副词：when, whenever,where,wherever, how, however,why（在从句中做状语）

4. as if,as though,because（不充当成分，在名词性从句中只引导表语从句）

二. 四类名词性从句语法要点

1.主语从句

在整个句子中用作主语的从句叫主语从句。

What he wants to tell us is not clear.

他要跟我们说什么，还不清楚。

It is known to us how he became a writer.

我们都知道他是如何成为一名作家的。

Where the English evening will be held has not yet been announced. 英语晚会将在哪里举行，还没有宣布。

it作形式主语：有时为避免句子头重脚轻，常用形式主语it代替主语从句作形式主语放于句首，而把主语从句置于句末。

It is clear that he is innocent in the accident.

很明显，他在这场事故中是无辜的。

2. 宾语从句

在整个句子中用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。

He has told me that he will go to Shanghai tomorrow.

他已经告诉我他明天要去上海。

We must never think (that) we are good in everything while others are good in nothing.

我们决不能认为自己什么都好，别人什么都不好。

it作形式宾语：在“主语+谓语+宾语+宾补”的句型中，如果宾语是从句的形式，则必须用it做形式宾语，把真正的宾语即宾语从句置于句末。

We found it impossible that the so much work will be finidhed in one day.

我们发现一天之内完成这项工作不可能。

3. 表语从句

在整个句子中用作表语的从句叫表语从句。

The fact is that we have lost the game.

事实是我们已经输了这场比赛。

That is why he didn’t come to the meeting.

那就是他为什么不到会的原因。

高一英语必修三-单元单词(短语)检测[1]

人教版新课标必修三单元单词（短语）检测 Unit 1 Festivals around the world 一、请根据各句上下文的意义，选择正确的单词填入空白处。 第一组：beauty, harvest, celebration, starve, origin, religious, ancestor, feast, belief, arrival 1 Mum, I am _______. Is dinner ready? 2 In China Tomb-sweeping Day(清明节) is a day to be in memory of their _______. 3 They held a grand wedding ________ at a five-star hotel. More than 500 guests were invited. 4 Do you know the _________ of the earth? 5 On my _________ home I found the front door open. 6 –What’s your _________ be lief? – Christian. 7 That foreign couple were so struck by the _________ of Hangzhou that they decided to stay for another two days. 8 During the Chinese new year people across the country hold kinds of __________. 9 Farmers are often extremely busy during the _________ season. 10 There is a general __________ that things will soon get better. 第二组：gain, gather, agriculture, award, rooster, admire, energetic, Christian, custom, fool 11 China didn’t ________ its independence until 1949. 12 The central government has made a series of _________ policies to encourage farmers to work the land. 13 _________ has the same meaning as cock. 14 The students are asked to __________ at the school gate at 7 a.m.. 15 Those who believe in Christianity are called _________. 16 I _________ him for his bravery and determination. He made it in the end. 17 To get the job done, one should be ________ and dynamic(动力的). 18 He was ________ the Hero of the City for having saved a boy from the big fire. 19 You were ________ enough to believe him. 20 While travelling abroad just follow the local _________. 第三组：permission, apologize, drown, obvious, wipe, weep, forgive, poet, worldwide, independence 21 America declared its _________ on July 4, 1776. 22 If you do something wrong you should ________ to others. 23 Without my ________ anyone is not allowed to enter. 24 It was very _________ that he showed no interest in our plan. 25 I ________ to see him looking so sick. 26 Please ________ me for coming late. 27 He jumped into the river to save the _________ boy. 28 As is known to us, Li Bai was a great _________ during the Tang Dynasty. 29 After dinner I _________ the table and then did the washing-up. 30 The 9.11 Event attracted __________ attention. 二、把下列短语填入每个句子的空白处（注意所填短语的形式变化）：

高一英语词组总结

高一英语词组总结 Unit One a pair of compasses go hunting a deserted island challenge s b to do sth./to sth. regard sb as realize one’s mistake in order to care about everyday English even though/if Unit Two the majority of people one’s native language/one’s mother tongue of one’s own the number of the students develop into the working languages international trade communicate with a good knowledge of English be fond of hunt for such as drop sb a line make oneself at home in total except for stay up end up with be curious about in the name of escape classes Phrases with Be be good at be interested in be pleased/satisfied/ content with be famous for be good/kind to be famous for be lost in be active in be sure about/of be afraid of be full of be filled with be made of/from be generous to be popular with be confident of be angry with/at be late for be amazed/ surprised/astonished /shocked at be busy doing be excited about be worried about be used for/as make a noise make faces make room for make the bed make phone calls make friends make money make use of make a decision make a mistake make for Unit Three experience life get away from sb./a place instead of get close to nature the basic equipment go for a hike learn the basic skills have an adventure Unit Four think twice sweep away go down be afraid of take place look around get on one’s feet cut down look up look into be caught in come up with protect sb/from be on holiday catch fire Phrases with GET get back get off get on get along with get away from get down get married get to get through get down to get across get in get over get used to Phrases with Take take a picture take a taxi take away take care of take off take out take one’s place take place take exercise take turns take an active part in take a message take on take the place of take apart take sth for take in take up Phrases with Out come out go out look out take out rush out try out watch out wear out find out make out get out pick out think out give out set out walk out run out Unit Five work on take off make a film/ films cut sth in /into pieces do research think of set out win a prize go wrong Unit Six pay a visit to sb pay sb a visit meet for the first time make a good impression on on the left of keep silent leave out keep in silence drink to lay the table make a list of ask for Phrases with Prep. owe sth to sb make comments on at any moment at the last moment for a moment in a moment the moment….. have no choice but to do sth make choice of make a choice determine to do sth. a man of determination determine on sth Phrases with Off get off take off turn off set off see sb. off put off fall off drop off give off switch off throw off jump off Phrases with Go go away go on go back go out go over go around go straight

高一英语重点词组

重点词组 be good to 对….友好 add up 合计 another time 改时间 get sth done 使…被做 calm down 镇定下来 have got to 不得不 walk the dog 遛狗 make a list of 列出 hide away 躲藏；隐藏 be concerned about 关心；挂念share sth with sb 和某人分享某物go through 经历；仔细检查 set down 放下；记下 a series of 一系列；一套 be crazy about 对…着迷 on purpose 故意 in order to/ so as to 为了 face to face 面对面地 get along with 与…相处 pack up 收拾，打理行装according to 按照；根据…所说

have trouble with sb/sth 同某人闹意见；做…有困难communicate with sb 和…交际 throw away the friendship 放弃/终止友谊 try out 试验；试用 join in 参加（活动） far and wide 到处 look to sth 注意，留心某事 fall in love 相爱 ignorant of 无知的 cheat sb (out) of sth 骗取某人某物 have the/a habit of doing sth 有做…的习惯in…ways 在…方面 such as 例如 believe it or not 信不信由你 come up with 提出 come up to a place 参观某地 ever before 从前 even if/ though 即使 at the end of 在…末期 be based on 在...基础上 close to 距离…近 change…into 把…变成

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