新高一英语初升高英语衔接班第2讲—定语从句

新高一英语初升高英语衔接班第2讲——定语从句通用版用语法穿针引线——定语从句

一、学习目标：

掌握定语从句的基本知识和引导定语从句的关系词的不同用法，理解定语从句所表达的意义和语法特征。

二、学习要点：

1.什么是定语从句

2.定语从句中关系词的用法

3.限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句

三、课程精讲：

（一）重点知识讲解

1.什么是定语从句？

定语

定语从句

先行词

Eg: The lovely girl is Mary.

The lovely girl who is standing by the window is Mary.

句型转换：

That is his father, and he works in Shanghai.（改为定语从句）

= That is his father ____________ works in Shanghai.

2.限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句

限制性定语从句

非限制性定语从句

I want this man, who can speak German.

He gave up the project, which was not practical.

3.关系词的用法：

关系代词

关系副词

作用：连接替代

（1）关系代词（主语、宾语、表语、定语）

主格

宾格

属格who

whom

whose/ of whomwhose/ of which

指人

which/ that指物

1）关系代词that和which的用法

①必须用关系代词that的情况：

a.当先行词是不定代词all, much, little, something, everything, anything, nothing, none, theone时。You should hand in all that you have.

b.当先行词前被the only, the very, any, few, little, no, all等词修饰时。

This is the very person that I’m looking for.

c.当先行词是形容词最高级或先行词前面有形容词最高级修饰时。

This is the most interesting movie that I’ve ever seen.

d.当先行词既有人又有物时。

I don’t know the things and persons that they are talking about.

e.当主句的主语是疑问词who或which时。

Who is the girl that won first?

练习：

The train is the last one _______________________ will go to Suzhou.

This is the bus _________________________ I’m waiting for.

Do you have anything ______________________ you want to say in the meeting?②必须用which的情况：

在非限制性定语从句中，只用which.

Helen passed the final exam, which was within my expectation.

当动词短语中的介词提前时，只用which。

This is the village in which he was born.

2）whose在定语从句中作定语，既可指代人也可以指代物。

This is the house whose window broke last night.

= This is the house, the window of which broke last night.

= This is the house of which the window broke last night.

3）关系代词as的用法

当先行词前有such, the same修饰时，用关系代词as引导定语从句。

He is not the same person as he was.

as引导非限制性定语从句时，可以代指主句的整句话的含义。

As is known to us, he is not fit for the job.

⑵关系副词（状语）

当先行词在定语从句中作状语时，要用关系副词。关系副词=介词+关系代词练习：

I still remember the day when I first came to Beijing.

Can you tell me the office _______________________he works?

This is the reason ___________________ I will leave school.

（二）解题方法总结

1.做题方法：先行词关系词

Do you still remember the days _____________________ we spent in Qingdao?

Do you still remember the days ______________________ we spent the holidays together?

2.定语从句的谓语动词的人称和数与先行词保持一致。the only one of修饰先行词，谓语动词用单数形式。

Titanicisoneofthemostwonderfulmovies___________________________produc edinHollywood.

The Great Wall is the only one of the buildings on the earth

______________________seenfrom the moon.

3. as与which的比较

相同点：

不同点：

练习：

①Betty always tells a lie, ___________________ makes his parents angry.

②David is tall, _____________________ are my brothers.

4.特殊词way的用法

练习：

①The way______________________ he explained to us was simple. (that/ which/不填)②The way _____________________ he explained the sentence was simple.(that/in which/不填）

5.定语从句考查要点

关系词的使用，特别是which, that, when, where等

介词和关系代词连用时，介词的选用

以as引导的定语从句

只用that/ which的情况

关系代词和关系副词的选用

（三）即学即练

1. Do you know the reason ______________________________ he is absent?

2. All the presents _________________ your friends gave you should be put away.

3. He was late for the class, __________________ was very surprising to me.

4. The man ________________________ you met just now is my old friend.

5. The child ____________________________ parents are dead is homeless.

6. He is such a lovely student _________________________ everyone likes.

7. We are living in an age __________________________many things are done on computer.

8. I don’t like the way _________________________ you laugh at her.

9. I __________ am busy, can’t help them at the moment.

10. I still remember the teachers and the school ______________ are talked of yesterday.（四）高考链接

1. (全国I) She brought with her three friends, none of __________ I had ever met before.A. themB. whoC. whomD. these

2. (全国II) My friend showed me round the town, _________ was very kind of him.A. whichB. thatC. whetherD. it

3. (重庆) Life is like a long race __________ we compete with others to go beyond ourselves.A. whyB. whatC. thatD. where

4. (陕西) Gun control is a subject __________ Americans have argued for a long time.A. of whichB. with whichC. about whichD. into which

5. (安徽) Many children, ________ parents are away working in big cities, are taken good careof in the village.

A. their

B. whose

C. of them

D. with whom

6.(江

苏)TheScienceMuseum,______wevisitedduringarecenttriptoBritain,isoneofLondon’s tourist attractions.

A. which

B. what

C. that

D. where

四、下讲预告

在下一讲里，我们将会介绍名词性从句的一些理论知识，及定语从句与名词性从句的区别。

【同步练习】（答题时间：25分钟）

1. Was it in the shop_____ soldchildren’sclothing that you lost your wallet?

A. /

B. where

C. that

D. when

2. Thank you for the difficulty_____ you have had painting the house.

A. when

B. /

C. why

D. where

3. Is there anyone around the factory_____knows how to operate the computer?

A. who

B. which

C. where

D. in which

4. Is this the farm _____you visited last week?

A. where

B. the one

C. on which

D. /

5. She was much disappointed to see the beautiful cloth_____ she had made_____with lots ofspots.

A. which; cover

B. that; covered

C. /; covering

D. where; covering

6. Lincoln,_____ life was once hard, were elected President of American.

A. for whom

B. who

C. to whom

D. /

7.—Do you know the man ______is talking with your father？

—Yes,he’sour headmaster.

A. he

B. who

C. which

D. whom

8. Is this the river _____I can swim？

A. which

B. in which

C. that

D. the one

9. This is the best hotel in the city _____I know.

A. where

B. which

C. that

D. it

10. Can you lend me the dictionary ______the other day？

A. that you bought

C. that you bought itB. you bought it

D. which you bought it

11. Anyone ______with what I said may put up your hands.

A. which agrees

B. who agree

C. who agrees

D. which agree

12. My watch is not the only thing ______ is missing.

A. that

B. it

C. which

D.who

13. The man ______coat is black is waiting at the gate

A.who’sB whoseC. thatD. of which.

14. The girl ______ is reading under the tree _____my sister.

A. which；is

B. whom；was

C. who；is

D. who；was

15. I love places ______the people are really friendly.

A. that

B. which

C. where

D. who

16. The world ______ is made up of matter.

A. in that we live

B. on which we live

C. where we live in

D. we live in

17. Do you know which hotel __________?

A. she is staying

B. she is staying in

C. is she staying

D. is she staying in

18. There is only one thing __________ I can do.

A. what

B. thatC . allD. which

19. Who can think of a situation _________ this idiom can be used?

A. which

B. that

C. where

D. in that

20. I have many books, some of __________ are on chemistry.

A. them

B. that

C. which

D. those

21. They were interested __________ you told them.

A. in which

B. in that

C. all that

D. in everything

22. The great day we looked forward to _________ at last.

A. come

B. came

C. coming

D. comes

23. I like the second football match _________ was held last week.

A. which

B. who

C. that

D. /

24. Idon’tlike __________ you speak to her.

A. the way

B. the way in that

C. the way which

D. the way of which

25. He is not __________ a fool __________.

A. such, as he is looked

B. such, as he looks

C. as, as he is looked

D. so, as he looks

【试题答案】

1. C

2. B

3. A

4. D

5. B

6. A

7. B

8. B

9. C10. A

11. C12. A13. B14. C15. C16. D17. B18. B19. C20.C 21. D22. B23. C24. A25.B