2015年英语四级阅读模拟试题及答案解析(精品五)

2015年英语四级阅读模拟试题及答案

（精品试卷五）

Section C

Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices markedA．,B．, C． and D．. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.

Passage One

Questions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage.

Let children learn to judge their own work. A child learning to talk does not learn by being corrected all the time: if corrected too much, he will stop talking. He notices a thousand times a day the difference between the language he uses and the language those around him use. Bit by bit, he makes the necessary changes to make his language like other people's. In the same way, when children learn to do all the other things they learn to do without being taught to walk, run, climb, whistle, ride a bicycle--compare those performances with those of more skilled people, and slowly make the needed changes. But in school we never give a child a chance to find out his own mistakes for himself, let alone correct them. We do it all for him. We act as if we thought that he would never notice a mistake unless it was pointed out to him, or correct it unless he was made to. Soon he becomes dependent on the teacher. Let him do it himself. Let him work out, with the help of other children if he wants it, what this word says, what answer is to that problem, whether this is a good way of saying or doing this or not.

If it is a matter of right answers, as it may be in mathematics or science, give him the answer book. Let him correct his own papers. Why should we teachers waste time on such routine work? Our job should be to help the child when he tells us that he can't find the way to get the right answer. Let's end this nonsense of grades, exams,marks. Let us throw them all out, and let the children learn what all educated persons must someday learn, how to measure their own understanding, how to know what they know or do not know.

Let them get on with this job in the way that seems most sensible to them, with our help as school teachers if they ask for it. The idea that there is a body of knowledge to be learnt at school and used for the rest of one's life is nonsense in a world as complicated and rapidly changing as ours. Anxious parents and teachers say, "But suppose they fail to learn something essential, something they will need to get in the world?"

Don't worry! If it is essential, they will go out into the world and learn it.

56. What does the author think is the best way for children to learn things? A． By imitating what other people do.

B． By making mistakes and having them corrected.

C． By listening to explanations from skilled people.

D． By asking a great many questions.

57. The passage suggests that learning to speak and leaming to fide a bicycle are __________.

A． not really important skills

B． more important than other skills

C． basically different from learning adult skills

D． basically the same as learning other skills

58. According to the passage, the author thinks teachers in school should__________.

A． allow children to learn by himself or herself

B． point out children's mistakes whenever they're found

C． correct children's mistakes as soon as possible

D． give children more book knowledge

59. The author believes the teacher's role in children's learning should be__________.

A． the identifier and corrector of their errors

B． their helper and guide

C． the person to grade their performance and give feedbacks

D． the person to pass on something essential to them

60. The title of this passage could probably be__________.

A． Let Teachers Stop Work

B． Let Us Make Children Learn

C． Let Children Correct Their Own Papers

D． Let Children Learn by Themselves

Passage Two

Questions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage.

Researchers in the field of psychology have found that one of the best ways to make an important decision, such as choosing a university to attend or a business to invest in, involves the utilization of a decision worksheet.

Psychologists who study optimization ( 最优化 ) compare the actual decisions made by people to theoretical ideal decisions to see how similar they are. Proponents (支持者) of the worksheet procedure believe that it will yield optimal, that is, the best decisions. Although there are several variations on the exact format that worksheets can take,they are all similar in their essential aspects. Worksheets require defining the

problem in a clear and concise way and then listing all possible solutions to the problem. Next, the pertinent (相关的) considerations that will be affected by each decision are listed, and the relative importance of each consideration or consequence is determined. Each consideration is assigned a numerical value to reflect its relative importance. A decision is mathematically calculated by adding these values together. The alternative with the highest number of points emerges as the best decision.

Since most important problems are multifaceted (多层面的), there are several alternatives to choose from,each with unique advantages and disadvantages. One of the benefits of a pencil and paper decision-making procedure is that it permits people to deal with more variables than their minds can generally comprehend and remember. On the average, people can keep about seven ideas in their minds at once. A worksheet can be especially useful when the decision involves a large number of variables with complex relationships. A realistic example for my college students is the question "What will I do after graduation?" A graduate might seek a position that offers specialized training, pursue an advanced degree, or travel abroad for a year.

A decision-making worksheet begins with succinct ( 简洁的) statement of the problem that will also help to narrow it. It is important to be clear about the distinction between long-range and immediate goals because long-range goals often involve a different decision than

short-range ones. Focusing on long-range goals, a graduating student might revise the question above to "What will I do after graduation that will lead to a successful career?"

61. Of the following stepsis the one that occurs before the others in making a decision worksheet.

A． listing the consequences of each solution

B． calculating a numerical summary of each solution

C． writing down all possible solutions

D． deciding which consequences are most important

62. According to decision-worksheet theory, an optimal decision is defined as one that__________.

A． has the fewest variables to consider

B． uses the most decision worksheets

C． has the most points assigned to it

D． is agreed to by the greatest number of people

63. The author develops the discussion in paragraph 1 by means

of__________.

A． describing a process

B． classifying different types

C． providing historical background

D． explaining a theory

64. The author's attitude towards a pencil and paper decision-making procedure is __________.

A． neural

B． approving

C． ambiguous

D． biased

65. The passage mainly discusses __________.

A． a tool to assist in making complex decisions

B． a comparison of actual decisions and ideal decisions

C． research on how people make decisions

D． differences between making long-range and short-range decisions

【参考译文】

让孩子学着评价自己的工作。一个学说话的孩子不能靠别人总给他纠正错误来学习：如果被纠正过多，他就会停止说话。[56]一天到晚，他都在注意自己讲的话跟周围人讲的有什么不同。这样慢慢地．他就自然而然地作出改变，说话跟其他人一样了。 [56][57]同样，孩子学别的东西时，他们也是不用教就能学会：走、跑、爬、吹口哨、骑车——他们会观察那些技术更熟练的人们是怎样做的，对比之后就会作出必要的改变。但是在学校里，我们从不给孩子们机会让他们自己找出错误，更不用说自己改正了。我们总是替他们全部做好。[58]我们总是表现得好像我们觉得他们永远不会自己发现错误：非堡我们指出来让他们改正不可。很快孩子就变得依赖老师了。放手让他自己做吧。让他自己解决问题吧，如果他想的话，可以请其他孩子帮忙：这个单词是什么意思，这个问题该怎样回答，这样说或者这样做是否合适。

如果问题有正确答案，比如可能是数学或者科学问题，那么把答案给孩子。让他批改自己的试卷。我们老师为何要浪费时间做这样无聊的事情呢?[59]我们的工作应当是在孩子找不到问题的正确答案时给予帮助。让我们结束毫无意义的评级、考试和分数吧。让我们把这些全都抛开，让孩子学到所有受教育者终有一天都要学到的东西，学着如何思忖自己的理解，如何了解已知的和未知的知识。

[59]让他们用最适合自己的方式独立学习：如果他们需要，可以寻求老师的帮助。在我们现在这样一个复杂而又快速发展的社会，“学校里有许多知识要学，学到之后就能一生受用”的观点就是胡扯。忧心忡忡的家长和老师说：“但是如果孩子学不到必要的东西，学不到将来进入社会必须要有的东西，那该怎么办?”不要担心!如果那些东西很必要，那么以后进入社会他们就会学到的。

【答案解析】

56．A

定位：根据题干信息thebestwayforchildrentolearnthings可将答案定位到第一段前半部分。

解析：第一段首句提出了文章的论点：“Let childrenlearntojudgetheirownwork．(让孩子学着评价自己的工作。)”接着举例说：“一个学说话的孩子一天到晚都在注意自己讲的话跟周围人讲的有什么不同。

这样慢慢地，他就自然而然地作出改变，说话跟其他人一样了。同样，孩子学别的东西时……他们会观察那些技术更熟练的人们是怎样做的，对比之后就会作出必要的改变。”可见作者认为，小孩最好的学习方法就是模仿别人怎么做。故选A。

57．D

定位：根据题干信息learningto speak andlearningto ride abicycle可将答案定位到第一段中间部分。

解析：learningto speak和learningto ride abicycle出现在第一段。作者在说明自己观点的时候，将学说话与学习其他技能(比如走、跑、爬、吹口哨、骑车等)进行了对比，并且认为孩子学习说话和学习其他技能的基本方式是一样的，都是通过模仿然后进行自我调整。故选D。

58．A

定位：根据题干信息teachers in school should可将答案定位到第一段后半部分。

解析：第一段后半部分作者建议说：“我们总是表现得好像我们觉得他们永远不会自己发现错误，非得我们指出来让他们改正不可。很快孩子就变得依赖老师了。放手让他靠自己吧。让他自己解决问题吧，如果他想的话，可以请其他孩子帮忙……”作者直言不讳，认为应该让孩子们自己发现自己的错误，如果需要的话，也可以请其他孩子来帮助。指出学生的问题和错误，不可以也不需要老师包办。故选A。

59．B

定位：根据题干信息the teacher’s role in children’s learning可将答案定位到第二段第四句。

解析：该句提到：“我们的工作应当是在孩子找不到问题的正确答案时给予帮助。”第三段第一句也提到：“让他们用最适合自己的方式独立学习，如果他们需要，可以寻求老师的帮助。”可见，老师的作用主要是在学生的学习过程中对他们进行帮助和指导。

60．D

定位：根据题干信息titleofthispassage可知解答本题需通观全文。

解析：文章第一句即提到：“让孩子学着评价自己的工作。”接着，全篇文章都围绕“让孩子自己学习”这个主题展开，提到老师们总是等不及孩子们自己发现问题，就指出他们的错误并帮助他们改正，其实孩子会观察他人如何做，进行模仿，然后作出改变来使自己的行为、认知与他人更接近。故选D。

【参考译文】

心理学领域的研究者发现，作出重要决定(比如，该选择哪一所大学，该投资哪笔生意)的一个最佳方法就是使用决策工作表单。研究“最优化”的心理学家比较人们实际做的决定和理论上理想的决定，想看看两者之间的相似之处。支持使用工作表单的人认为，这种方式可以产生“最优化”效果，即最佳决定。尽管工作表单有数种不同的具体形式，但是基本内容却是相同的。[61]工作表单需要人们将问题以清晰简洁的方式表现出来．然后列出所有可能解决问题的方案。接下来，列出每个解决方案会带来怎样的相关考虑，而且需要确定每项考虑或结果孰轻孰重。需要用数值来标记每项考虑，来反映其相对的重要性。

[62]通过将这些数值加在一起，运用数学计算的方法就可以作出一个决定。

其中，综合分数最高的解决方案即为最佳选择。

由于一些最重要的问题往往都包含多个层面，因此会有多种备选方案，而每一种方案都各有利弊。

[64]用纸笔作决定的好处就是。相比一般情况下大脑可以理解和记忆的信息，纸笔记录可以使人能处理更多的变量。一般来说，人们同时可以记住七个概念。当一个方案涉及很多变量及其复杂关系时，工作表单就显得特别有用了。举个现实的例子，我教的大学学生会问“毕业后我要做什么工作呢?”大学毕业生也许会找一个提供专业培训的工作岗位，也可能想继续深造拿更高的学位或者出国旅行一年。

一个决策工作表单从简洁描述一个问题开始，而这个简洁描述也会有助于缩小解决方案的范围。分清楚长远目标和短期目标很重要，因为与短期目标相比，长远目标的决定过程通常与之完全不同。如果专注于长远目标，针对上面那个问题，即将毕业的大学生可能就会这样问：“毕业之后我做什么能够引领我走上成功的职业道路?”

【答案解析】

61．C

定位：根据题干信息occursbeforetheothers,makingadecisionworksheet可将答案定位到第一段中间部分。

解析：作者在介绍制作决策工作表单的步骤时第一句就提到：“工作表单需要人们将问题以清晰简洁的方式表现出来，然后列出所有可能解决问题的方案。”接下来，每种方案才被逐一分析。可见在四个选项中，C项在其他步骤之前。故选c。

62．C

定位：根据题干信息anoptimaldecision可将答案定位到第一段最后两句。

解析：文中提到，这种工作表单可以产生“最优化”效果，“通过将各种数值加在一起，运用数学计算的方法就可以作出一个决定。其中，综合分数最高的解决方案即为最佳选择。”可见，最好的决定必然是得分最高的选项。故选C。63．A

定位：根据题干信息paragraph 1可将答案定位到第一段。

解析：本题考查第一段的写作逻辑。作者在第一段首先提出论点，即使用决策工作表单来作决定是最佳方法之一，接着展开论述，在论述的时候，对这种工作表单的具体使用方法和操作步骤进行了介绍，重点在于描述过程。故选A。

64．B

定位：根据题干信息a pencil and paper decision—making procedure可将答案定位到第二段第二句。

解析：该句提到：“用纸笔作决定的好处就是，相比一般情况下大脑可以理解和记忆的信息，纸笔记录可以使人能处理更多的变量。”后文也提到，这种借助纸和笔的工作表单在处理很多变量及其复杂关系时有很大帮助。可见，作者对于这种决策方法持支持的态度，故选B。

65．A

定位：根据题干信息the passage mainly discusses可知解答本题需通观全文。解析：文章首句提到：“作出重要决定的一个最佳方法就是使用决策工作表单”。接着，作者介绍了利用这种工作表单得出最优决定的方法。第二段提到借

助纸笔完成的工作表单比单纯用头脑记忆更有效，能帮助分析和处理更加复杂的问题。第三段提到这种工作表单要求对问题的描述比较简洁，而且要分清短期目标和长期目标。可见，文章通篇都是在介绍这种能帮助人们分析复杂问题的决策工作表单。故选A。

2019英语四级考试阅读专项练习(30)

2019英语四级考试阅读专项练习(30) Passage 2 In October 1987, the National Board for Professional Teaching Standards began its work to set new standards of accomplishment for the teaching profession and to improve the 11 of education available to all children in the United States. Teachers are 12 to students and their learning. They must act on the belief that all students can learn. They must recognize 13 differences in their students and adjust their practice 14 . They must know that their mission extends beyond developing the cognitive capacity of their students. They must be 15 with their students' self-concept, with their motivation, and with the development of character. Teachers must know the subjects they teach and how to teach them. They must 16 specialized knowledge of how to convey a subject to students. Teachers are responsible for managing and monitoring student learning. They must call on 17 methods to meet their goals, knowing and being able to 18 a variety of instructional skills. Teachers must think systematically about their practice and learn from experience, seeking the 19 of others and drawing on education research and scholarship to improve their practice. As members of learning communities, teachers contribute to school effectiveness by collaborating with other professionals. They take ___20 of

英语四级真题阅读理解(带翻译)

Passage1 Reading leadership literature, you’d sometimes think that everyone has the potential to be an effective leader. 读领导文学，你有时会认为每个人都有可能成为一个有效的领导者。 I don’t believe that to be true. In fact, I see way fewer truly effective leaders than I see people stuck in positions of leadership who arc sadly incompetent and seriously misguided about their own abilities. 我不相信这是真的。事实上，我认为真正有效的领导者的方式比我看到的人都陷在领导的职位上，遗憾的是他们自己的能力不称职，严重误导了他们。 Part of the reason this happens is a lack of honest self-assessment by those who aspire to（追求）leadership in the first place. 对产生这种现象的原因一部分是由那些渴望缺乏诚实的自我评估（追求）放在首位的领导 We've all met the type of individual who simply must take charge. Whether it's a decision-making session, a basketball game, or a family outing, they can't help grabbing the lead dog position and clinging on to it for dear life. They believe they're natural born leaders. 我们都遇到了个人的类型，他们必须负责。无论是决策会议，篮球比赛，还是家庭外出，他们都不能不抓住领导的狗的地位，并紧紧抓住它，因为亲爱的生命。他们相信他们是天生的领袖。 Truth is, they're nothing of the sort. True leaders don't assume that it's their divine（神圣的）right to take charge every time two or more people get together. Quite the opposite. A great leader will assess each situation on its merits, and will only take charge when their position, the situation, and/or the needs of the moment demand it. 事实是，他们没有什么样的。真正的领导者不认为这是他们的神圣（神圣的）负责每次两个或两个以上的人在一起吧。恰恰相反。一个伟大的领导者会对每一个情况进行评估，并在他们的位置、情况和/或需要的情况下，只会负责。 Many business executives confuse leadership with action. They believe that constant motion somehow generates leadership as a byproduct. Faced with any situation that can’t be solved by the sheer force of activity, they generate a dust cloud of impatience. Their one leadership tool is

英语四级阅读理解练习题 第147组

洛基英语，中国在线英语教育领导品牌 综合题，请根据题目给出的内容，来回答下面给出的试题。Space is a dangerous place, not only because of meteors (流星) but also because of rays from the sun and other stars. The atmosphere again acts as our protective blanket on earth. Light gets through, and this is essential for plants to make the food which we eat. Heat, too, makes our environment endurable. Various kinds of rays come through the air from outer space, but enormous quantities of radiation from the sun are screened off. Af soon as men leave the atmosphere they are exposed to this radiation but their spacesuits or the walls of their kspacecraft,if they are inside, do prevent a lot of radiation damage. Radiation is the greatest known danger to explorers in space. The unit of radiation is called "rem". Scientists have reason to think that a man can put up with far more radiation than 0.1 rem without being damaged; the figure of 60 rems has been agreed on. The trouble is that it is extremely difficult to be sure about radiation damage-- a person may feel perfectly well, but the cells of his or her sex organs may be damaged, and this will not be discovered until the birth of deformed (畸形的) children or even grandchildren. Missions of the Apollo flights have had to cross belts of high amount of rems. So far, no radiation have been reported, but the Apollo missions have been quite short. We simply do not know yet how men are going to get on when they spend weeks and months outside the protection of the atmosphere, working in a space laboratory. Drugs might help to decrease the damage done by radiation, but no really effective ones have beenfound so far. 请根据上面给出的内容，来回答下面的单项选择题（下列每小题备选答案中，只有一个符合题意的正确答案。每小题0分，共5题。）1. According to the first paragraph, the atmosphere is essential to man in that ______. A ：it protects him against the haumful rays from space B ：it provides sufficient light for plant growth C ：it supplies the heat necessary for human survival D ：it screens off the falling meteors 请选择答案：A:B:C:D:2. We know from the passage that ______. A ：exposure to even tiny amounts of radiation is fatal B ：the effect of exposure to radiation is slow in coming C ：radiation is avoidable in space exploration D ：astronauts in spacesuits needn't worry about radiation damage 请选择答案：A:B:C:D:3. The harm radiation has done to the Apollo crew members ______. A ：is insignifiacant B ：seems overestimated C ：is enormous

大学英语四级阅读理解试题

大学英语四级阅读理解试题 Many people believe the glare from snow causes snowblindnenss. Yet, dark glasses or not , they find themselves suffering from headaches and watering eyes,and even snowblindness,when exposed to several hours of "snow light" . The United States Army has now determined that glare from snow does not cause snowblindness in troops in a snow- covered , a man's eyes frequently find nothing to foucs on in a broad expanse of barren snow-covered terrain. So his gaze continually shifts and jumps back and forth over the entire landscape in search of tsomething to look at. Finding nothing, hour after hour, the eyes never sotp searching and the eyeballs become sore and the eye muscles ache. Nature offsets this irritation by producing more and fluid which covers the eyeball. The fluid coversthe eyeball in increasing quantity until vision blurs, then is obsured,and the result is total, even though temporary,snowblindness. Experiments led the Army to a simple method of overcoming this problem. Scouts ahead of a main body of troops are

2019大学英语四级考试阅读专项练习(32)

2019大学英语四级考试阅读专项练习(32) Passage 2 If you are looking for information, library shelves are a good place to start. But if you need up-to-the-minute data or have specialized needs, you may find a computerized database more useful, less expensive, and less time 11 .A database, a file of information on one subject or family of subjects, can be stored and 12 in a computer's memory. The speed of the computer then 13 you to recall any item in this file almost 14 The three main types of databases are statistical, bibliographic, and full text. Statistical databases store 15 amounts of numerical data, such as wage and price indexes, census information, foreign 16 rates and bond prices. Bibliographic databases store references to and summaries of articles in periodicals and newspapers. Full-text databases offer the complex texts of such 17 as newspaper, magazine, and journal articles. Thousands of databases exist today, and their numbers are growing. Many companies have their in-house database, which is 18 to employees through computer terminals or microcomputers. In addition, several hundred commercial databases are now available to the 19 , with literally millions of items of information readily obtainable. These databases 20 specific fields, such as law and financial forecasting, or general information, such as sports and weather data. A. exchange B. public C. instantly D. cover

大学英语四级CET-4阅读理解(1)

大学英语四级阅读理解（1）We find that bright children are rarely held back by mixed-ability teaching. On the contrary, both their knowledge and experience are enriched. We feel that there are many disadvantages in streaming(把......按能力分班) pupils. It does not take into account the fact that children develop at different rates. It can have a bad effect on both the bright and the not-so-bright child. After all, it can be quite discouraging to be at the bottom of the top grade! Besides, it is rather unreal to grade people just according to their intellectual ability. This is only one aspect of their total personality. We are concerned to develop the abilities of all our pupils to the full, not just their academic ability. We also value personal qualities and social skills, and we find that mixed-ability teaching contributes to all these aspects of learning. In our classrooms, we work in various ways. The pupils often work in groups: this gives them the opportunity to learn to co-operate, to share, and to develop leadership skills. They also learn how to cope with personal problems as well as learning how to think, to make decisions, to analyse and evaluate, and to communicate effectively. The pupils learn from each other as well as from the teacher. Sometimes the pupils work in pairs; sometimes they work on individual tasks and assignments, and they can do this at their own speed. They also have some formal class teaching when this is appropriate. We encourage our pupils to use the library, and we teach them the skills they need in order to do this efficiently. An advanced pupil can do advanced work: it does not matter what age the child is. We expect our pupils to do their best, not their least, and we give them every

大学英语四级阅读40篇(1)

大学英语四级阅读40篇(1) 2/40 The economy of the United states after 1952 was the econnomy of a well-fed,almost fully employed people. Despit occasional alarms, the country escaped any postwar depression and lived in a state of boom. A n economic survey of the year 1955, a typical year of the 1950’s, may be typical as illustrating the rapid economic growth of the decade. The national output was value at 10 percent above that of 1954 (1955 output was estimated at 392 billion dollars). The production of manufacturers was about 40 percent more than it had averaged in the years immediately following World War 2. The country’s business spent about 30billion dollars for new factories and machinery. National income available for spending was almost a third greater than it had been it had been in 1950. Consumers spent about 256 billion dollars; that is about 700 million dollars a day ,or about twenty-five million dollars every hour , all round the clock. Sixty-five million people held jobs and only a little more than two million wanted jobs but could not find them . Only agriculture

大学英语四级阅读理解试题及标准答案.

大学英语四级阅读理解试题及答案.

————————————————————————————————作者：————————————————————————————————日期： 2

3 大学英语四级阅读理解试题及答案（四） 十六 Trees should only be pruned when there is a good and clear reason for doing so and , fortunately,the number of such reasons is small. Pruning involves the cutting away of obergrown and unwanted branches, and the inexperienced gardener can be encouraged by the thought that more damage results from doing it unnecessarily than from leaving the tree to grow in its own way. First, pruning may be done to make sure that trees have a desired shape or size. The object may be to get a tree of the right height, and at the same time to help the growth of small side branches which will thicken its appearance or give it a special shape. Secondly, pruning may be done to make the tree healthier. You may cut diseaed or dead wood, or branches that are rubbing against each other and thus cause wounds. The health of a tree may be encouraged by removing branches that are blocking up the centre and so preventing the free movement of air. One result of pruning is that an open wound is left on the tree and this provides an easy entry for disease, but itis a wound that will heal. Often there is a race between the healing and the desease as to whether the tree will live or die, so that there is a period when the tree is at risk. It should be the aim of every gardener to reduce which has been pruned smooth and clean, for healing will be slowed down by roughness. You should allow the cut surface to dry for a few hurs and then paint it with one of the substances available from garden shops produced especially for this purpose. Pruning is usually without interference from the leaves and also it is very unlikely that the cuts yu make will bleed. If this does happen,it is, of course,impossible to paint them properly. 1.Pruning should be done to ______. a.make the tree grow taller

大学英语四级阅读理解汇总

大学英语四级2017年6月阅读理解汇总 17.6.1 The method for making beer has changed over time. Hops (啤酒花)，for example, which give many a modem beer its bitter flavor, are a (26)_______ recent addition to the beverage. This was first mentioned in reference to brewing in the ninth century. Now, researchers have found a (27)_______ingredient in residue (残留物）from 5,000-year-old beer brewing equipment. While digging two pits at a site in the central plains of China, scientists discovered fragments from pots and vessels. The different shapes of the containers (28)_______ they were used to brew, filter, and store beer. They may be ancient “beer-making tools,”and the earliest (29_______ evidence of beer brewing in China, the researchers reported in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. To (30)_______ that theory, the team examined the yellowish, dried (31)_______ inside the vessels. The majority of the grains, about 80%, were from cereal crops like barley (大麦),and about 10% were bits of roots, (32)_______lily,which would have made the beer sweeter, the scientists

(完整版)英语四级阅读试题及答案详解1

英语四级阅读试题及答案详解1 Reading is thought to be a kind of conversation between the reader and the text. The reader puts questions, as it were, to the text and gets answers. In the light of these he puts __1__ questions, and so on. For most of the time this “conversation” goes on below the level of consciousness. At times, however, we become __2__ of it. This is usually when we are running into difficulties, when mismatch is occurring between __3__ and meaning. When successful matching is being experienced, our question of the text continues at the unconscious level. Different people __4__ with the text differently. Some stay very close to the words on the page, others take off imaginatively from the words, interpreting, criticizing, analyzing and examining. The former represents a kind of comprehension which is __5__ in the text. The latter represents __6__ levels of comprehension. The balance between these is important, especially for advanced readers. There is another conversation which from our point of view is __7__ important, and that is to do not with what is read but with how it is read. We call this a “process” conversation as __8__ to a “content” conversation. It is concerned not with meaning but with the __9__ we employ in reading. If we are an advanced reader our ability to hold a

英语四级考试阅读练习试题及答案

英语四级考试阅读练习试题及答案 导读：我根据大家的需要整理了一份关于《英语四级考试阅读练习试题及答案》的内容，具体内容：提高英语四级阅读能力，是各位考生提高四级考试成绩的关键。下面我为大家带来英语四级考试阅读练习试题，供考生阅读练习。英语四级考试阅读练习试题(一)Baekeland an... 提高英语四级阅读能力，是各位考生提高四级考试成绩的关键。下面我为大家带来英语四级考试阅读练习试题，供考生阅读练习。 英语四级考试阅读练习试题(一) Baekeland and Hartmann report that the "short sleepers" had been more or less average in their sleep needs until the men were in their teens. But at about age 15 or so, the men voluntarily began cutting down their nightly sleep time because of pressures from school, work, and other activities. These men tended to view their nightly periods of unconsciousness as bothersome interruptions in their daily routines. In general, these "short sleeps" appeared ambitious, active, energetic, cheerful, conformist(不动摇) in their opinions, and very sure about their career choices. They often held several jobs at once, or workers full-or part-time while going to school. And many of them had a strong urge to appear "normal" or

(完整版)大学英语四级阅读理解试题及答案

As the pace of life continues to increase ,we are fast losing the art of relaxation. Once you are in the habit of rushing through lift,being on the go from morning till night, it is hard to slow down. But relaxation is essential for a healthy mind and body. Stress is an natural part of everyday lift and there is no way to avoid it. In fact ,it is not the bad thing it is often supposed to be .A certain amount of stress is vital to provide motivation adn give purpose to life. It is only when the stress gets out of control that it can lead to poor performance and ill health. The amount of stress a person can withstand depends very much on the individual. Some people are not afraid of stress,and such characters are obviously prime material for managerial responsibilities. Others lose heart at the first signs of unusual difficulties. When exposed to stress,in whatever form,we react both chemically and physically. In fact we make choice between "fight" or "flight" and in more primitive days the choice made the difference between life or death. The crises we meet today are unlikely to be so extreme,but however little the stress,it involves the same response. It is when such a reaction lasts long,through continued exposure to stress,that health becomes endangered.Such serious conditions as high blood pressure and heart disease have established links with stress.Since we cannot remove stress from our lives(it would be unwise to do so even if we could),we need to find ways to deal with it. 1.People are finding less and less time for relaxing themselves because_____. a.they do not know how to enjoy themselves b.they do not believe that relaxation is important for health c.they are travelling fast all the time d.they are becoming busier with their work 2.According to the writer ,the most important character for a good manager is his ________. a.not fearing stress b.knowing the art of relaxation c.high sense of responsibility d.having control over performance 3.Which of the follwing statements is ture? a.We can find some ways to avoid stress b.Stress is always harmful to people

2015英语四级考试阅读提高练习题(2)

The economy of the United States after 1952 was the economy of a well-fed, almost fully employed people. Despite__1__alarms, the country escaped any postwar depression and lived in a__2__of boom. An economic survey of the year 1955, a typical year of the 1950's, may be typical as__3__the rapid economic growth of the decade. The national output was__4__at 10 percent above that of 1954(1955 output was estimated at 392 billion dollars). The production of manufactures was about 40 percent more than it had__5__ in the years immediately following World War I . The country's business spent about 30 billion dollars for new factories and machinery. National income __6__ for spending was almost a third greater than it had been in 1950. Consumers spent about 256 billion dollars; that is about 700 million dollars a day, or about twenty-five million dollars every hour, all round the __7__ . Sixty-five million people held jobs and only a little more than two million wanted jobs but could not find them. Only agriculture__8__that it was not sharing in the boom. To some observers this was a sad reflection of the mid-1920's. As farmers' share of their products__9 __ , marketing costs rose. But there were, among the observers of the national economy, a few who were not as confident as the majority. Those few seemed to fear that the boom could not last long and would__10__lead to the opposite —depression. A. eventually B. averaged C. gradually D. state E. valued F. form G. declined H. occasional I. casual J. argued K. descended L. complained M. clock N. available O. illustrating I. H 2. D 3. O 4. E 5. B 6. N 7. M 8. L 9. G 10. A Social customs and ways of behaving change. Things which were considered impolite many years ago are now 11 . Just a few years ago, it was 12 impolite behavior for a man to smoke on the street. No man who thought of himself as being a gentleman would make a 13 of himself by smoking when a lady was in a room. Customs also differ from country to country. Does a man walk on the left or the right of a woman in your country? Or doesn't it 14 ? What about table manners? Should you use both hands when you are eating? Should you leave one in your lap, or on the table? The Americans and the British not only speak the same language but also 15 a large number of social customs. For example, in both America and England people shake hands when they meet each other for the first time. Also, most Englishmen will open a door for a woman or offer their seat to a woman, and so will most Americans. 16 is important both in England and in America. That is, if a dinner invitation is for 7 o'clock, the dinner guest either arrives 17 to that time or calls up to explain his 18