最新高考英语定语从句知识点

【篇一】高考英语定语从句知识点

概念引入

欣赏含有定语从句的名言：

Laughter is the sun that drives winter from the human face.

笑是太阳，它从人们的脸上赶走冬天。

Don’t trust the first sign that you see.

不要相信你看见的第一个迹象。

All is not gold that glitters.

发光的未必都是金子。

Nothing is impossible to the man who has will.

世上无难事，只怕有心人。

God helps those who help themselves.

自助者天助。

【篇二】高考英语定语从句知识点

一、定语从句的功用和结构

在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。被定语从句修饰的词叫做先行词，定语从句必须放在先行词之后。引导定语从句的关联词有关系代词和关系副词。

This is the present that he gave me for my birthday.

这是他给我的生日礼物。

Do you know everybody who came to the party?

你认识来宴会的每一位吗？

This is the place where Chairman Mao once lived.

这是毛主席曾经居住的地方。

二、各个关系代词和关系副词的具体用法

1. who 指人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。

I prefer singers who can write their own lyrics.

我更喜欢能写自己歌词的歌唱家。

These are musicians who make us happy.

这些是能让我们高兴的音乐家。

People who eat a balanced diet are healthier.

平衡饮食的人是健康的。

2. whom指人，在定语从句中作宾语。

Do you know the young man (whom) we met at the gate？

你认识我们在门口遇到的那个年轻人吗？

Mr. Lee (whom) you want to see has come.

你想见的李先生已经来了。

3. whose 指人，在定语从句中作定语。

The girl whose mother is ill is staying at home today. 她妈妈病了的那个女孩今天呆在家。

I know the boy whose father is a professor.

我认识他的父亲是教授的那个男孩。

4. which指物，在定语从中作主语或宾语。

A dictionary is a book which gives the meaning of words. 字典是给单词释义的一本书。

Here is the book (which) the teacher mentioned yesterday.

这是老师昨天提到的那本书。

5. that多指物，有时也指人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。

I prefer music that has great lyrics. 我喜欢具有优美歌词的音乐。

Carmen likes mu sic that’s loud. Carmen喜欢大声的音乐。

I like music that I can dance to. 我喜欢能伴舞的音乐。

6. when 指时间，在定语从句中作状语。

I’ll never forget the time when we worked on the farm.

我从来不会忘记我们工作在农场的那个时光。

He arrived in Beijing on the day when I left.

在我离开的那天他到的北京。

7. where 指地点，在定语从句中作状语。

This is the house where we lived last year.

这是我们去年居住的那个房子。

The factory where his father works is in the east of the city.

他的父亲工作的工厂是在城市的东边。

三、关系代词和关系副词的功用

关系代词和关系副词用来引导定语从句，在先行词和定语从句之间起纽带作用，使二者联系起来。关系代词和关系副词又在定语从句中充当一个成分，关系代词可作主语、宾语或定语，关系副词可作状语。

1. 作主语：关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词的人称和数必须和先行词一致。

I don’t like people who talk much but do little.

我不喜欢说话多做事少的人。

The cars which are produced in Hubei Province sell very well.

在湖北省生产的汽车销量好。

2. 作宾语

She is the person that I met at the school gate yesterday.

她是我昨天在校门口遇到的那个人。

The book that my grandmother gave me is called The Great Escape.

我奶奶给我的那本书叫做《胜利大逃亡》。

3. 作定语：关系代词whose在定语从句中作定语。

What’s the name of the young man whose sister is a doctor?

他的妹妹是医生的那个年轻男士叫什么名字？

The girl whose father is a teacher studies very hard.

她的父亲是一位老师的那个女孩学习非常努力。

4. 作状语

I’ll never forget the day when I first came to Beijing.

我从来不会忘记我第一次来北京的那天。

This is the house where I was born.

这是我出生的那个房子。

四、具体使用时还要注意下列问题：

1. 只能使用that,不用which 的情况：

1）先行词被序数词或形容词级所修饰，或本身是序数词、形容词级时，只能用that，而不用which。

He was the first person that passed the exam. 他是第一个通过考试的人。

2）被修饰的先行词为all，any，much，many，everything，anything，none，the one等不定代词时，只能用that，而不用which。

Is there anything that you want to buy in the shop？在商店里你有什么东西要买吗？

3）先行词被the only，the very，the same，the last，little，few 等词修饰时，只能用that，而不用which。

This is the same bike that I lost. 这就是我丢的那辆自行车。

4）先行词里同时含有人或物时，只能用that，而不用which.

I can remember well the persons and some pictures that I saw in the room.

我能清楚记得我在那个房间所见到的人和一些照片。

5）以who或which引导的特殊疑问句，为避免重复，只能用that.

Who is the girl that is crying？正在哭泣的那个女孩是谁？

6）主句是there be 结构，修饰主语的定语从句用that，而不用which.

There is a book on the desk that belongs to Tom. 桌子上那本书是汤姆的。

2. 只能用which，不用that的情况：

1）先行词为that，those时，用which，而不用that.

What’s that which is under the desk？在桌子底下的那些东西是什么？

2）关系代词前有介词时，一般用which，而不用that.

This is the room in which he lives. 这是他居住的房间。

3）引导非限制性定语从句，用which，而不用that.

Tom came back，which made us happy. 汤姆回来了，这使我们很高兴。

3. 关系代词 whom，which 在定语从句中作介词宾语时，可以和介词一起放在先行词与定语从句之间，有时为了关系紧凑也可以将 whom 或 which 放先行词后，而将介词置于定语从句的后面。

That was the room in which we had lived for ten years.

=That was the room which we had lived in for ten years.

那是我们居住了十年的房子。

【篇三】高考英语定语从句知识点

I. 用关系代词或关系副词将下列每对句子连成一个复合句。

1. The boy is my younger brother. He was here a minute ago.

___________________________________________

2. The old man is a professor. He teaches chemistry in a college.

_____________________________________________

3. Beijing Hotel is near Tian An Men Square. The foreign visitors live there.

_____________________________________________

4. The woman is here now. You were talking about her just now.

_____________________________________________

5. This is the hall. We listened to the report in it the other day.

_____________________________________________

6. The car was going 90 miles an hour. The car just passed us.

_____________________________________________

7. The man waved to us. The man was my uncle.

_____________________________________________

8. I enjoyed reading the book. You gave me a book last week.

_____________________________________________

9. I prefer the subject. The subject is science.

_____________________________________________

10. I spoke to the man. The man is a singer.

_____________________________________________

II. 用适当的关系代词或关系副词填空。

1. The house _______ we live in is very big.

2. The boy ______ is wearing the black jacket is very clever.

3. This is the present _______ he gave me for my birthday.

4. The man _______ talked to you just now is an engineer.

5. He talked about the teachers and schools _______ he had visited.

6. There is nothing in the world _______ can frighten him.

7. She wears a gold ring, _______ is very uncommon in our class.

8. We visited a factory _______ makes toys for children.

9. Is this the place _______ your father once lived?

10. I’ll never forget the days _______ I joined the League.

III. 单项填空。

1. —Who is the man _______ was talking to our English teacher?

—Oh! It’s Mr. Baker, our maths teacher.

A. he

B. that

C. whom

D. which

2. I hate the people ________ don’t help oth ers when they are in trouble.

A. who

B. which

C. they

D. where

3. This is the place ______ I have ever visited.

A. there

B. when

C. where

D. which

4. The moon is a world ______ there is no life.

A. that

B. which

C. where

D. why

5. Watch carefully everything _____ the teacher will do.

A. that

B. which

C. what

D. who

6．I love the place ____ the weather is always cool.

A. that

B. where

C. why

D. which

7. The man and the dog ____ were hurt in the accident were sent to the hospital.

A. which

B. who

C. that

D. whom

8．The reason ____ I was late for the class was my oversleeping.

A. why

B. which

C. that

D. when

9. Jane is one of the students in the class ______have ever been to China.

A. who

B. whose

C. which

D. whom

10. He lived in a small village, ______ was a long way from the railway station.

A. that

B. which

C. where

D. when

【真题链接】

1. The womanis the most important in my life is my mother.

A. which

B. who

C. whom

D. what

2. People ______ overweight need more water than thin people.

A．who is B．which are C．that is D．who are

3. After Mandela was free (自由的) in 1990, he chose to shake hands with the people ________ wanted to kill him.

A. whose

B. which

C. /

D. who

4. He likes low-carbon life. He lives in the house ________ he built himself out of trash.

A. where

B. what

C. which

D. in which

参考答案

I. 用关系代词或关系副词将下列每对句子连成一个复合句。

1. The boy who/that was here a minute ago is my younger brother.

2. The old man who/that teaches chemistry in a college is a professor.

3. Beijing Hotel where the foreign visitors live is near Tian An Men Square.

4. The woman (who/whom/that) you were talking about just now is here now.

5. This is the hall where we listened to the report the other day.

6. The car which/that just passed us was going 90 miles an hour.

7. The man who/that waved to us was my uncle.

8. I enjoyed reading the book (that/which) you gave me last week.

9. The subject (which/that) I prefer is science.

10. The man (who/whom/that) I spoke to is a singer.

II. 用适当的关系代词或关系副词填空。

1. that/ which ?

2. who/ that ?

3. that/ which

4. who/ that

5. that

6. that

7. which

8. which/ that 9. where 10. when

III. 单项填空。

1. B 句子的先行词是the man，所以that引导，且that在定语从句中作主语。

2.A 句子的先行词是the people，所以用who引导，且who在定语从句中作主语。

3.D 本句先行词是物，关系代词在定语从句中作visit的宾语，所以选D。

4.C 本句先行词是表示地名的world，且关系副词在定语从句中作地点状语，所以选C。

5.Ａ本句是考查定语从句的引导词。由于先行词是不定代词，它的引导词只能是that。

6.Ｂ本句是考查定语从句的引导词。由于先行词是表示地点名词，所以它的引导词应该用where，且引导词在定语从句中作地点状语。

7.Ｃ本句的先行词既有人也有物，所以引导词只能用that，that在定语从句中作主语。

8.Ａ本句的先行词是表示原因的名词，所以引导词用关系副词why。

9.Ａ考查关系代词的用法。此句是定语从句，先行词是students，且在定语从句中作主语，因此用关系代词who。

10. B 本句属于非限制性定语从句，所以用which引导，且which在从句中作主语。

【真题链接】

1. B。此题考查定语从句，先行词是人，引导词用who，在定语从句作主语，故选B。

2. D。句意：超重的人需要的水比瘦的人多。定语从句的先行词是people，且关系词在从句中作主语，故答案为D项。

3. D。句意：在曼德拉1990获得自由后，他选择了与想杀他的人握手。先行词指人且在定语从句中作主语，故选who。

4. C。本句意为：他喜欢低碳生活，他在垃圾之外建立了自己的房子。本题考查which的用法，which在后置的定语从句中代替上文出现的事物或情况。

高中英语定语从句知识点及练习复习过程

高中英语定语从句知识点及练习

高中英语---定语从句 一定义及相关术语 1．定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的词之后。 2．先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。 3．关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等；关系副词有when, where, why等关系词在定语从句中有三大作用 1. 连接作用——连接先行词和定语从句。 2. 替代作用——在定语从句中替代从句所修饰的先行词。 3. 成分作用——在定语从句中作主语、宾语、定语或状语。 The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman. 二关系代词引导的定语从句 引导定语从句的关系代词主要有who, whom, whose, which, that等。它们分别代替前面的先行词，并在定语从句中作主语、宾语或定语。 1. who 指人，在定语从句中作主语。 That is the teacher who teaches us physics. 2. whom 指人，在定语从句中做宾语，可省略，在口语或非正式文体中常可用who 来代替。 Li Ming is just the boy (whom) I want to see. 3. which 指物，在定语从句中做主语或宾语，做宾语时常可省略。 Football is a game which is liked by most boys.

4. that 指人时，相当于who 或whom；指物时，相当于which.。在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时常可省略。 He is the man that/who lives next door. Where is the man (that/whom) I saw this morning? 、 The season that/which comes after spring is summer. The dress (that/which) Ann bought doesn’t fit her very well. 5. whose 指人、物皆可，与后面的名词有所属关系，在定语从句中做定语。 I visited a scientist whose name is known all over the country. 注意：指物时，常用以下结构来代替： The house whose windows are broken is empty. =The house the windows of which are broken is empty. Do you like the book whose cover is yellow? =Do you like the book the cover of which is yellow? 三“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句 关系代词在从句中作介词宾语时，可以跟介词一起放在从句与主句之间（that, who不可以），也可以把介词放在从句中有关动词的后面，使关系代词紧跟它所修饰的先行词。 The school (which/that) he once studied in is very famous. =The school in which he once studied is very famous. This is the boy (whom/who/that) I played tennis with yesterday. =This is the boy with whom I played tennis with yesterday. 注意：1. 含有介词的短语动词一般不拆开，介词仍放在短语动词的后面。如：look for, look after, take care of 等。 2. 介词后的关系代词不可用that和who，若介词放在关系代词前，关系代词指人时只可用whom指物时只可用which；关系代词是所有格时用whose。

定语从句专项知识点总结汇总

定语从句专项知识点总结汇总 - 定语从句(Attributive Clauses)在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，有时也可以修饰部分或整个句子。 被修饰的名词，词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词(关系代词或关系副词)引出。 关系代词有：who, whom, whose, that, which, as。 关系副词有：when, where, why, how。 关系代词和关系副词放在先行词和定语从句之间，起连接作用，同时又可做定语从句的一个成分。当关系代词做宾语时可以省略。 定语从句中的谓语动词必须在人称上和数量上和先行词保持一致。 定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。 1 关系代词引导的定语从句 1) who, whom, that 这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中所起作用如下：

Is he the man who/that wants to see you? (who/that在从句中作主语) He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. (whom/that在从句中作宾语) 2) whose 用来指人或物，(只用作定语，若指物，它还可以同of which互换). 例如： Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green. 3) which, that 它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等. 例如： A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. (which / that在句中作宾语) The package (which / that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. (which / that在句中作宾语) 关系代词that和which 都可以指物，that 和Who 都可以指人，其用法区别：

高考英语定语从句常见考点归纳

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