2013高考英语山东卷阅读理解答案及解析

2013高考英语山东卷阅读理解答案及解析

A 参考译文： Jimmy是一名汽车修理工，但是几个月前他丢了工作。虽然他是一个非常热心的人，可他总是害怕去找一份新的工作。 有一天，他终于鼓足勇气决定去参加一个工作面试。他的面试时间是上午10点，那时候已经到了8：30。当他本该等着去面试地点的公交车的时候，他看见一个老人很粗暴地踢着自己的汽车轮子。很明显，他的车坏了。Jimmy 立刻过去帮了那个老人的忙。当Jimmy修完汽车的时候，那个老人说：“请允许我开车送你去参加面试，这是我仅能为你做到的了，我坚持这样做。”Jimmy接受了他的好意。 到达面试的地方，Jimmy发现有很多求职者在等待面试。他身上还有一些修完汽车之后残留的油渍，可他却没有时间洗干净或者换一件衬衫。一个接着一个，那些求职者带着失望的表情离开了面试官的办公室。最后，面试官叫了他的名字。当时，面试官正面朝办公室的窗户坐在一个大椅子上。他边摇晃着椅子边问道：“你真的需要应聘这份工作吗？”Jimmy的心沉了下去，心里想着：“看我现在的样子，我怎么可能通过面试呢？” 然后面试官转过了椅子，另Jimmy吃惊的是，他就是早上他曾帮助过的那个老人。原来那个老人就是这家公司的总经理。 “很抱歉让您一直等着，在您还没踏入这间办公室之前，我就决定让你成为我的员工，我非常确信我做出的决定是正确的。我只是相信你会成为一名可信赖的员工。恭喜你！”为他获得的这份新工作，Jimmy坐了下来与老人一起喝了一杯值得享用的咖啡。

题目解析： 56.【A】 解析：此题为第一篇文章第一道题，是一道细节题，本文亦为记叙文，难度很低，从文章第一段可知Jimmy 刚刚丢了工作。

57.【D】 解析：此题为一道细节题，根据题文同序定位，在文章第二段可知Jimmy看到一位老人的车坏了，选D。

58.【D】 解析：此题为一道细节题，出处在上一道题的后面，老人为了报答Jimmy，故载他一程。

59.【B】 解析：此题依旧是细节题，出自文章第三段第一个问号之后，“Jimmy’s

heart sank”，Jimmy的心沉了下去，表明他以为自己失败了。特殊的标点符号是我们五类常考的出题点中的一个。　

　60.【C】 解析：此题表明看起来是一道推断题，实则位于五道题的最后一道，考察的是主旨推断。实话说这个故事非常老套，属于看了开头大概就能猜到结尾的那种，总而言之讲了一个好人有好报的故事，故选C。　

　B 参考译文： 乔治.格什温（George Gershwin）出生于1898

年，他是美国最伟大的作曲家之一。在18岁的时候，他发行了自己的第一首歌曲。在接下来的20年中，他创作了500多首歌曲。 很多格什温（Gershwin）的歌曲开始都是为在纽约剧院演奏音乐剧而创作的。这些剧目在20世纪20年代到30年代是一种非常流行的娱乐方式。他的很多歌曲直到现在也一如既往的受欢迎。这些年来，人们用每一种可能的方式来演唱和演奏这些歌曲---从爵士乐到乡村音乐。 在20世纪20年代，美国有一场关于爵士音乐的讨论。一些人问道，爵士乐可以被认为是一种庄重的音乐吗？1924年，爵士音乐家和乐队指挥保罗?怀特曼（Paul Whiteman）决定举办一场特别的音乐会来证明爵士乐是一种庄重的音乐。格什温（Gershwin）同意为音乐会编曲，直到他发现只有几周的时间来做这件事。在那段很短的时间内，他用钢琴和管弦乐编曲了一个片段叫做“蓝狂想曲”。格什温（Gershwin）自己在音乐会上用钢琴进行了演奏。当观众听到他的这段音乐时，他们非常兴奋。这也使得他举世闻名，并且证明了爵士乐能够庄重也能够流行。 在1928年，格什温（Gershwin）去了巴黎。他申请向著名的音乐家娜迪亚?布朗热（Nadia Boulanger）学习作曲，但却遭到了拒绝。娜迪亚?布朗热担心传统的学习会毁掉他手爵士乐影响的音乐风格。在巴黎期间，格什温（Gershwin）写了“美国人在巴黎”。当这首音乐第一次演奏时，评论家们关于它就分成了两派。有些人说它欢快而充满生命力，但对另一些人来说，它滑稽而无趣。但这首音乐很快在欧洲很美国流行起来，并且成为他的最著名的作品之一流传至今。 乔治.格什温（George Gershwin）在医生发现他有脑癌后的不久于1937年去世。享年只有39岁。世界各国的报纸都在头版报道了他的死讯。人们为失去了他和他本可以创作的音乐而深深的哀悼。

题目解析： 61.【D】 解析：此题为细节题，出自文章第二段最后一句，“Over

the years they have been sung and played in every possible way---from jazz to country.”可知格什温的作品被每一种可能的方式所演唱，故选D。　

　62.【B】 解析：此题为细节题，出自文章第三段最后一句，“It made him world-famous and showed that jazz music could be both serious and popular.”，其实本段开头就告诉了读者这场音乐盒举办的目的是证明爵士乐也可以是一种严肃高雅的音乐，最后一句让我们确定这场音乐会确实是成功了的，故选B。

63.【A】 解析：此题还是细节题，出自文章第四段最后一句，“It still remains one of his most famous works.”，可知格什温在巴黎期间创作了一首经典之作，故选A。

64.【B】 解析：此题为一道推断题，并且明确指示了段落，从最后

一段“Newspapers

all over the world reported his death on their front pages.”可知，格什温的死讯被广泛地报道了，故答案选B。

65.【A】 解析：此题考查全文，从第一段可知格什温十八岁创作了第一首歌，二十年时间创作了五百多首歌，可以看出他是一个有天赋且高产的作曲家。B中的boring和C中的unhappy均含贬义，不符合文章中主人公的高大形象，D中的两个特点并未在文中体现出来。　

C 参考译文： 设计师Belyaev不认为出门前忘了查看天气预报你就一定会变成落汤鸡。正是这个原因他创造了Lampbrella，一种电线杆感应雨伞。 设计师说他是在俄罗斯街头看到人们被雨淋湿而蹦出的这个想法。“一开始，我在圣彼得堡大街上开车看见路灯，照亮四处躲避雨水的行人，我想加一个伞蓬在电线杆上应该很适合。” Lampbrella是一种装有雨伞伞蓬的标准路灯。它拥有内置电子监视器，随着需要开合雨伞。传感器保证了每当下雨时，雨伞就能成为行人们的避难所。 除了雨感装置，玻璃纤维路灯上还装有一个360度运动传感器，来探测是否有人在只用Lampbrella。3分钟之内如果雨伞没有被使用，伞蓬将会自动关闭。 根据设计师的想法，Lampbrella会以相对低速运动，这样它就不会对行人造成任何伤害。除此之外，它还会接地来保护行人免受雷电袭击。每一个Lampbrella都会为一定数量的人提供足够庇护。伞蓬被安装在距离地面2米处，只有可能对最高的行人带来危险。 尽管Lampbrella还没有投入生产的计划，但是Belyaev说他近期将把它的发明创造引进到莫斯科，他还坚持自己的发明可以安装在任何人流密集但却缺少伞蓬庇护街道。

题目解析： 66.【C】 解析：此题为细节题，根据题文同序定位到第一段，可知设计师是为了人们不被雨淋而设计的这种路灯。 67.【A】 解析：此题为推断题，且指示了段落在第二段，此段第一句“The designer says he came up with the idea after watching people get wet on streets in Russia.”就告诉了我们这段在讲设计师的灵感来源，故选A。　

　68.【B】 解析：此题为细节题，学理科的同学不需要看文章也能够理解一台机器的运作规律，先由传感器接收外界信号，再转换为控制信号控制电机，电机最终使得伞蓬打开。如果是学文的同学则需要将第三段三句话彻底读懂才能做对。所以说做阅读理解时掌握必要的背景知识是非常有帮助的，特别是山东卷，大家都知道山东有一门考试叫做《基本能力》（从明年起就不考了）。

69.【D】 解析：此题为一道推断题，同样指示了段落，第五段中有几个关键点，“not

to cause harm”，“protect from”，“only be a danger for”，都是与安全性相关，故选D。　

70.【C】 解析：此题又是一道推断题，还是指示了段落，山东卷的出题套路总是这么单调。通过文章最后一段作者所说的话，特别是本段第一个单词while，在这里翻译为“尽管”，我们能够明白虽然作者遇到了一些挫折，但是依旧信心满满，故选C。

D 参考译文： Sparrow是一家拥有200多家餐厅的快餐食品连锁店。几年前，Sparrow所属的这个组织被另一家公司接管了。尽管Sparrow没有任何衰退的迹象，但是连锁机构的发展还是处在一种不健康状态。随着越来越多的快餐理念抓住市场眼球，Sparrow的菜单需要费大力气才能得到关注。更糟糕的是，新老板没有根本没有计划投入所需的资金来实现这一目标。 Sparrow又沉寂了2年，直到新上任的CEO Carl Pearson，他决定扩大市场份额。他做了一项调查，显示已经成为Sparrow忠实粉丝的顾客对连锁店是起绝对积极作用的，而同时那些习惯了其他快餐连锁店的顾客又不愿意弃他们而去。Sparrow必须推动一场促销活动。 Pearson面临一场攸关Sparrow品牌未来的战役。连锁店股东赞成重塑Sparrow品牌为Marcy餐厅。Pearson则反对，他认为应该展开广告攻势来说服客户走进Sparrow用餐是一件快乐有趣的事。在公司和普罗大众之间建立一种积极的关系在那样一段时期显得很不寻常。Pearson强烈坚信数字，而不是顾客们的消费力，才是通往成功的关键。 这一运动改变了整个快餐产业的传统广告模式。Sparrow电视广告聚焦在很多不同歌手表演的娱乐和有特色的原创歌曲。广告的意图在于将Sprrow我这一品牌植入潜在客户的心目中，而不是展示某一个产品的优越性。 Pearson也做了其他决定，他深信这样能够有利于Sparrow新品牌形象。例如，他给那些达到营业额一定增长的餐厅减租的优惠。 这些努力取得了成功，Sparrow迅速成为了它经营地区的最成功的快餐连锁店。

题目解析：

71.【C】 解析：此题为细节题，又是第一道题，根据题文同序，从首段最后一句，“its

new owner had no plans to give it the funds it

required.”可知Sparrow缺乏的是资金。

72.【D】 解析：此题为指代题，我们从划线词所在句“while customers of other

fast-food chains were unwilling to turn away from

them.”可知，这里的while表示对比，其他快餐店中的顾客不愿意离开，

这里是指从其他的快餐店离开，故选D。

73.【A】 解析：此题为细节题，从文章第三段，“arguing for an advertising campaign designed to convince customers that visits to Sparrow restaurants were fun”中可知，campaign后用非谓语进行修饰，表明这场战役的目的是让大众对Sparrow餐厅买账，故选A。　

　74.【B】 解析：此题为细节题，从文章第四段，“the TV ads of Sparrow focused on entertainment and featured original songs performed by a variety of stars. Instead of showing the superiority of a specific product, the intention was to put Sparrow in the hearts of potential customers.”将这两句中的信息点归纳起来可知，广告歌曲为原创且目的是和大众搞好关系，故选B。　

　75.【B】 解析：此题为细节题，从文章最后一段，“These efforts paid off, and Sparrow soon became one of the most successful fast –food chains in the regions where it operated.”可知，Pearson的努力获得了回报，使得餐厅业绩上升，变得更有竞争力，故选B。

2013年和2014年山东高考英语作文解析及范文

2014年山东高考英语作文解析及范文写作(满分30分) 作文题目：我喜欢的英语谚语 材料：某英文报社组织题为“我喜欢的英语谚语”征文活动，你有意参加。请从下面两句谚语中任选一句作为标题写一篇英语作文，内容须包括：1.该谚语的含义；2.体现该谚语含义的个人经历。 2014年山东卷英语作文题目出炉后，许多考生和老师为之一惊。“李华去哪儿了”是很多考生发出的感慨和疑问。 2014年的作文题目中，大家没有看到熟悉的李华在写信，也没有看到对社会热点问题的讨论，反而看到了“文艺腔”浓厚的题目要求。“某报社举办…我最喜欢的谚语?征文活动，你有意参加”，初读似乎为书信体，但继续往下看，细心的同学会注意到，征文内容要求考生详细阐述对给出的两句谚语中其中一句的看法和理解。因此，该题目实则考查大家用英语表达个人见解，抒发生活感悟的能力。 那么，这篇作文该如何构思呢?不要因为从来没有见过该题型就慌了手脚。在考场上，大家一定要具备将不会的内容转变成自己熟悉的内容的能力，这是得分的关键。根据“要点全面，内容简单”的原则，大家首先在两则谚语中选择自己读懂的，相对较熟悉，有话可说的一句来入手。文章可以分为三段来写，第一段阐述谚语的含义，可以写成提纲作文常见的“T—D”结构，即“主题句—拓展句”结构，再灵活运用恰当的过渡词，使你的观点层次分明，掷地有声。第二段结合个人经

历来谈对该谚语的看法，可以借鉴看图记叙文的一些表达技巧，巧妙利用时间状语衔接上下文。此外，记叙过程中一定要保证动词时态的一致，避免因时态混乱而丢分。第三段对自己的观点进行简短总结，再次扣题。 下面，笔者将分别分析题目中的两句谚语如何着笔。第一句“A friend in need is a friend indeed” 强调挚友的重要性。在理解其含义时，要抓住句中最有感触的词“in need” 和“indeed”，而在阐述时，可以联想真正的朋友应该具备的优秀品质，如“忠诚(loyalty)” “信任(trust)”等，然后一一作解释。第二句“Where there is a will, there is a way” 就是我们再熟悉不过的“有志者事竟成”。具体阐述时，可以从志向对一个人在哪些方面非常重要来着笔。 事实上，这种谚语题在湖南等省已经多次考过，如果考生平时复习时不拘泥于本省题型，而是广泛研究全国各地考题写法，则对这次的题目必能有备无患。事实上，高考英语作文各省“互换题型来考”的现象常常出现，如2014年北京卷就舍弃了开放作文，而考察了全国卷、山东卷爱考的书信作文;福建卷也考察了湖北卷常考的作文类型。可以看到，未来的高考英语作文将更加注重对于真正的“书面表达”能力的考察，而非对于某一特定类型作文写法的考察。总之，对不熟悉的作文题目，大家要想尽一切办法转化为自己熟悉的内容来表达。还是那句话，不是题目太难，是大家想的太复杂，或是思维太固化。

高考英语阅读理解专项训练100篇(附答案)

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