中考英语任务型阅读解题技巧教学提纲

中考英语任务型阅读

解题技巧

中考英语任务型阅读解题技巧

近几年在各地中考英语试题中，又出现一种新题型——务型阅读。它是根据任务型教学设计而成的，它是介于阅读理解与书面表达之间的一种题型。它要求学生在阅读文章后能对文章中某些细节做到准确把握或对整篇文章进行提炼概括，是一种读写结合的题型。这种题型既考查学生的阅读理解能力，也考查学生的分析问题、解决问题的能力，还考查学生运用英语语言将有关内容以文字形式正确地表达出来的能力。

纵观近几年的中考试题，不难发现阅读材料难度整体适中，材料后的题目设计难度并不很大，但是学生在实际做题过程中，经常会犯一些错误，导致不必要的失分。因此我们有必要让同学们掌握一些解题方法。

★完成任务型阅读的过程就是：

阅读(信息输入)→判断、分析、概括、推理(信息加工与处理)→答题(信息输出)。

具体说来，任务型阅读的解题策略包括以下四个方面：

一、确阅读任务

任务型阅读一般提供一段或几段阅读材料，在材料后设置5个任务，做题时我们应先阅读所给的任务，明确任务是什么，再带着任务去阅读材料，这样就能做到心中有数，有针对性地去读，并能提高阅读效率。

二、读全文，了解大意

明确任务后，应迅速阅读全文来了解文章主要内容，以及文章的感情基调、作者的意图、态度倾向。在材料后的问题设置中，经常有对文章大意的考查。对

于概括大意的题目，需要通篇考虑，对要点加以归纳概括，这类题目有时可以从文中找到答案，但有时需要用自己的话来概括。这类题，属于难度较大的题，对文章还得再读一读，才能总结出来。除此之外，还经常考查“给文章拟一个标题”。这类题目可以通过寻找主题句和高频词来完成。根据英文写作的特点，主题句往往是首句或结尾句，但当没有主题句时，则应从全文中全面、简练地去提炼、概括。文章的标题可以是单词、短语，也可以是句子，但不管是什么，确定标题必须遵循以下两个原则：① 概括性原则,即标题应在最大程度上覆盖全文,体现文章的中心大意。②醒目性原则，即标题必须力求吸引读者的注意力。

三、读细节，逐题攻克

(一)寻找细节，从原文中找答案

在经过第二步泛读全文之后，对于材料后面问题的细节考查题，在文章中所处的大体位置有所了解。然后就可以采用“跳读”的方式来寻找细节在原文中的对应，跳读的目的就是为细节寻找答案。如阅读填空或填表题，这种题目要求学生通过阅读材料，获取相关信息，以填写词语或补全句子的方式完成表格或图表。还有一些题目是对文章细节的直接设问，答案通常可以从原文中找到。从各地中考题看来，是有相当比例的此类题目。

(二)精读细节，理解深层含义

任务型阅读，也是阅读理解的一种题型，不仅考查学生直接获取信息的能力，还可考查学生通过已知信息进行推理，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。因此，这就要求考生要具备通过已知信息进行判断推理能力和透过字面意思解读深层含义能力，这一类型题在阅读测试中属于难度较大的题

目。在做这一类型的题目时，考生应在理解全文的基础上，捕捉文章中有关的信息，精读特定细节及周围的句子来帮助理解。做这一类型的题时，还需注意：① 把握文章的内在逻辑关系，以文章提供的事实和观点为依据，立足原文，推断未知。不能主观臆造，凭空想象，随意揣测，更不能以自己的观点代替作者的观点。②在理解全文的基础上，吃透文章的字面意思，从字里行间捕捉一些线索，对文章的表面意思进行挖掘加工，悟出作者的深层含义或弦外之音。

我们可以通过以上三种方法来答题，还需要注意一下“答题要求”：

① 在答题时，总的原则就是：能简略回答，尽量简略回答。

② 书写要规范。句子开头首字母要大写;标点符号要规范,并能正确使用;单词拼写要正确无误;单词书写要认真。这些方面也要引起考生注意，力争避免不必要的失分。

③ 作出适当调整。在回答时，同学们应对照题目，根据需要对句子的人称、单复数、时态、语态、词性、主谓搭配等作出适当的调整。

四、通读全文，仔细检查

在完成所有任务后，同学们还应结合题目再把全文通读一遍，认真核实答案，同时还应检查一下书写的规范性及句子的人称、单复数、时态、语态、词性、主谓搭配等，这是答题的最后一步，同样也很关键。因此，同学们平时应养成做完题后仔细检查的好习惯。

总之，同学们要想出色的完成任务型阅读题，不仅需要在考场上运用各种解题技巧，而且还需要在平时课内外加大阅读的训练量、扩充词汇量。要知道：理解能力的提高绝非一日之功。

成都中考英语中的填表型任务阅读解题策略

一、题型简介

这种题型只在考查学生综合运用语言的能力，即捕捉信息、组织信息和综合概括信息的能力。该题型任务可分为阅读文章和表格填空两个部分。要求考生根据所读短文，对文中的有效信息进行筛选、整合和综合概括，而后准确有序地完成表格的空缺。此类阅读话题广泛，体裁多样，内容贴近生活，富有气息。表格项目。基本上根据文章结构和作者思路设计，一般包括标题、段落大意、文章细节、结论等部分。当然把握命题人设空规律显得很重要。

二、任务型阅读解题思路和方法指导

1．解题步骤：研表一读文一填表

研表：迅速阅读表格，预测所缺单词。通过分析表格的项目内容和结构特征，从而揣测命题的目的和意图，准确把握信息范围及对文章的理解方向。要特别关注文章的标题栏及表格前的小标题，这样有助于理解短文的大意。

读文：快速浏览全文．把握短文大意，再读文章文章内容．找准细节定位。任务型阅读要求考生解读语篇，掌握文章的框架结构和段落大意，又要求考生对具体的事实细节进行查找和定位、理解和转换。因此，在阅读文章时，考生应适时恰当地运用多种阅读技巧，对文章进行全面的理解。

填表：抓住有效细心，准确填好表格。任务型阅读考查学生通过快速阅读捕捉信息的能力，又要求对文中信息进行理解转换，并进行适当的逻辑推理和归纳总结，在填表时．力争返回原文，找出与题目有关的内容，抓住关键词汇，

填好所缺单词。填好表格后，再次校对所填单词拼写是否正确．是否符合文章内容。

2．解题方法指导

(1)快速定位圈点。根据表格中所提供的细节信息，抓住关键词语，返回原文，快速捕捉，对表格中提供的信息在文中进行定位，并通过对比新旧语境，圈出不同点。

(2)巧妙运用转换。对于那些不能在原文中直接选定的答案，根据表格中对原文语义的转换，掌握设空规律，进行词形和词性的转换。巧用同义词、反义词、词语搭配等转换方式，以便提高答题正确率。

(3)掌握归纳技巧。有时表格中的最上栏或最左栏需要学生概括相应栏内的内容，常用的概括性词语有：原因(reason／cause)、方法(way／means)、优缺点(advantage／disadvantage)、观点(opinion／view)、建议(advice／tip／suggestions)、目的(aim／purpose)、问题(problem)、影响和结果(effect／result)、个人信息(name／age／occupation／personality)等。掌握这些概括性词语，可以帮助学生迅速准确地完成答题任务。

(4)注意答题细节。审清表格，注意表格中所缺单词的排列顺序，特别要留神写到答题卡上的单词序号：正确拼写单词，注意首字母的大小写、名词的单复数、主谓一致及非谓语动词的使用等。另外，书写工整在答题的过程中也十分重要。

总之，任务型阅读不同于传统的阅读理鳃．这就要求学生在平时学习过程中夯实基础，加强常用词汇的积累，培养自己的创新思维，并养成细心答题的好习惯。

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