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雅思写作基本思路和写作步骤

雅思写作基本思路和写作步骤
雅思写作基本思路和写作步骤

雅思写作基本思路和写作步骤

对于以前没有接触过写作或者练习写作不多的考生来说,拿到一个作文题目往往不知道从何下手。为解决这个问题,今天澳洲圣约翰小编就给大家介绍下雅思写作基本思路和写作步骤。

拿到题目首先要认真审题。很多考生认为只要是把字数写够,用了一些比较高级的词汇和复合句就算完成了任务。其实,这种想法指导下的雅思写作在实际考试中很容易使考生忽视把握论证的方向,造成写作扣题不严密,论点表述不完整,更严重还会导致跑题。最近雅思作文题目中争论的焦点难以把握。很多考生看到题目中认识的单词,然后就发挥自己想象,天马行空下笔就写。但是这样的作文无论语言质量多高,也拿不到好的分数。只有把握题目争论重心,才能保证论证有的放矢,获得高分。

例子1、(青岛圣约翰雅思)

Air transport is increasingly being used to export many types of fruits and vegetables to countries where those plants can’t grow or are out of season. Some say that it is a good thing, but others consider that such use of air transport can’t be justified. Discuss both views and give your own opinion. 空运各种蔬菜和水果到不出产这些蔬菜水果的国家或者到这些东西已经过季了的国家越来越司空见惯,有人赞同,有人反对,请评价双方论点并给出自己的看法。

题目分析:

这篇作文为2004年9月18日A类雅思考题。题目表面是谈论蔬菜水果和空运的话题,实际上考生需要明白蔬菜、水果作为食品属于商品,商品的一个特点就是要满足不同层次的消费需要。作为一种高成本的服务方式,空运满足的是高消费水平人群,而其他低成本运输服务方式满足的是普通消费水平人群。明白了这一点,就很容易分别解释、评价两种对立论点,最后进行总结,提出自己看法。

很多经验不足的考生审题时思路往往不清楚,抓不住问题的主要和本质方面。针对本题的飞机和蔬菜,有的考生可能会描写飞机运输的便利性,然后联想到飞机的发明、对人类的贡献等等和题目关联性很小的话题上,也可能会有考生花费很多篇幅讨论蔬菜和水果对人体健康的重要性,诸如此类的论点都属于跑题。

例子2、Traffic and housing problems in major cities could be solved by moving large companies and factories with their employees to the countryside. To what extend do you agree or disagree? 交通和住房是城市的主要问题,把大公司和工厂及员工移到郊区可能解决该问题,你同意这样的看法吗?

题目分析:(青岛圣约翰雅思培训)

该题目提出大城市交通堵塞和居住紧张问题,建议解决方案是把大公司和员工转移到郊区。根据我们的生活经验和知识,造成上述问题原因可能有很多,文中并没有提供任何证据说明大公司和其员工是造成问题的主要原因。考生可以提出一些其他原因证明这个解决方案可能不会奏效。这些原因可以是:交通设施落后old transport infrastructure、交通管理水平

低下poor traffic control、城市人口增长过快fast population growth、住房供应不足inadequate housing supply等。如果考生不深入思考这个题目可能会提出类似以下错误论点:

The city, large corporate, and factories could suffer substantial financial loss because business operation is usually more difficult in faraway location than in the city.

考生可能认为:如果公司赔钱,城市的税收收入减少,政府就更没有钱来改善交通和居住条件了。但是这种思维不能直接解释把公司或者工厂移到市郊去是否能解决问题,所以是不适合作为论点的。还有人考虑到这样做可以增加当地就业、造成环境恶化、或者迁移带来的公司运营成本增加等等论点都不属于本题讨论之列。

在审题的过程中,特别是阅读题目内容比较长的题目时,考生可以在自己认为重要的单词、短语下面做标记。做标记的好处是重点的部分一目了然,在考虑题目的时候,尽量考虑全面,这样写作的信息和线索才会比较多。

看完题目后,要迅速的考虑自己对题目的论点是什么。论点可以是赞成,可以是反对,也可以是部分赞成部分反对。雅思考试的题目往往叙述比较宽泛,没有加太多限制条件。考生要关注的不是论点新颖与否,也不是论点正确与否。特别要注意的是:论点只是给后面的论述定下一个方向和基调,所以考生不要为了追求论点过于花费时间和心思,这样对于写作新手来说结果往往是得不偿失。

例子3:(青岛圣约翰雅思培训学校)

Now many people think that we are spending too much money and time on protecting wild animals. The money should be better spent on human population. Do you agree or disagree? 目前很多人认为我们在保护野生动物上花费的太多,这些钱如果用在人身上会更好。你赞成还是反对?

题目分析:

本题为2003年12月13日的一道考题,题目把保护动物和促进人类发展两个表面矛盾的目的对立起来。如果深入考虑这两个目的,我们可以发现动物保护和人类发展之间虽然相互独立,但并不矛盾。考生可以分别陈述、论证保护野生动物的理由,最后在加以归纳。也可以采取相反的论点并加以论证。

有的同学在论述支持野生动物保护的论点中提到:Scientists have found that the body of certain kinds of animal contains genes that are similar to those of human beings and could be used to treat diseases in the future.

考生如果继续探讨动物基因和人基因的相似性,就偏离了题目要求的重心。应该考虑的重点要遵循:因为动物基因对治疗人类疾病可能有帮助,所以保护野生动物是有益的,反之则可能对人类自身产生负面影响这个大思路。(青岛圣约翰)

以上是关于雅思写作基本思路和写作步骤的详细内容,希望大家能从中受益,不断改进

自己的备考方法提升雅思写作备考效率,从而获得满意的成绩。祝大家都能早日梦圆名校。

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Topic 1: When international media (including movies, fashion shows, advertisements and other TV programs) convey the same messages to the global audience, people argue that the expansion of international media has negative impacts on cultural diversity. What is your opinion? 媒体信息一致的缺点: ?国际媒体(global media)—般掌握在少数几个有实力的机构手中(in the hands of a few, large, powerful organizations);有了媒体的宣传(propaganda)后,西方文化成了主流(domineering force),大规模的、有吸引力的广告(mass seductive advertising )唤起了落后地区人们对物质新的向往(create fresh desires),经济联系增强(strong economic ties),西方产品取代了本地产品,使人们更加向往西方的文化; ?文化开始融合在一起(mingle),人们被新的价值观所围绕(bombarded with new values),对自己的文化失去信心和自豪感(confidence and pride),拒绝接受自己的文化传统(rejection of their cultural heritage)转而接受西方的文化习惯(adoption of Western cultural practices);西方媒体削弱了民族的特征(ethnic identity)和社会的凝聚力(social cohesion);因为担心失去观众(a loss of viewers),当地的电视台也开始播放西方的电视节目(television shows), ?国际媒体的普遍会降低世界文化的品质和多样性(degrade the quality and diversity of world culture);文化被商业化(commercialized), —些文化产品(cultural goods),如音乐、服装,都变成了商品(commodities in the marketplace)。因此,即便一些文化在世界其他地方传播,它原来的性质(authenticity)已经丧失。 媒体信息一致的优点: ?国家之间的频繁交往会促进文化之间的交流。因此,相互了解和相互认同的可能性(likelihood of mutual understanding and mutual acceptance )就会增加,这是顺应全球化的趋势; ?未必一定放弃传统观念(not necessarily lead to the abolition of traditional values),事实上媒体可以起到宣传和稳固传统文化的作用; ?主流媒体一般都会反应文化多元性(The dominant media reflect cultural diversity.); —些外国节目其实促进了文化多元性(Most foreign programming is promoting cultural diversity.),适应了当地的条件(adapt to local conditions),注意到了当地文化的敏感性(aware of cultural sensitivity).自我调节来适应市场(exercise self-censorship to suit the market :)。 As international media companies expand across the world, the growing popularity and uniformity of some media programs (such as TV shows, movies, fashion shows) is causing worldwide concern. Many people have strong views toward this trend. In my opinion, international media is closely linked to cultural globalization and cultural homogeneity. The dominance of international media is a sign of Western cultural imperialism and has the potential to thwart cultural diversity. It is not a secret that international media is owned and operated by a handful of giant corporations, such as Time Warner. They control large sectors of the media market and place national media companies at risk. The contraction in the number of media owners will cause a proportional reduction, in the variety of programs broadcasted. For example, painting, music and movies accessible in the media have a small number of genres, imposing restraints on one's knowledge of artworks of different cultural backgrounds. In addition to seizing control over those creative industries, global entertainment companies affect cultural diversity by reshaping the perceptions, beliefs and norms of ordinary citizens in different countries. Most of the cultural values and ideals promoted by the leading mainstream media are of American origin. American culture values individuality, maximization of one's benefits and material wealth, rather than communal life and family solidarity, the values and norms previously treasured in" many Asian countries. Unfortunately, many Asian people now imitate American people, causing the alteration of their perceptions of family. This radical change can be attributed to those movies and TV programs that portray the success of American individuals or corporations.

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