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动词不定式充当主语

动词不定式充当主语

动词不定式充当主语

一.动词不定式的基本构成:to do sth (既to+动词原形)

二.动词不定式常放在句首做主语(注意:动词常用第三人称单数形式).

To be a doctor is my dream. To work hard brings success. To do the job well is easy.

主 系 表 主 谓 宾 主 系 表

三.为了避免句子头重脚轻,特别是在口语中,常用it 作形式主语代替动词不定式放在句首,真正的主语既动词不定式放在后面.

To be a doctor is my dream.

It is my dream to be a doctor. 形主 系 表 真正主语

To do the job well is easy. It is easy to do the job well. 形主 系 表 真正主语 翻译时,先译动词不定式,it 的含义可不译出.

It took us five hours to get there.(到那花了我五个小时)

It made me happy to find my friends there.(发现我的朋友,使我很高兴)

在形容词后常用这种结构,要强调动词不定式动作的执行者,就在不定式前加for sb 或 of sb (区别详见下表)

四.典型例题:

1. ___is easy ,___is hard.

A. To say; do

B. To say; to do

C.Saying ; to do.

D.To say; doing 2. To receive is good. To give is better. (合并为一句)

___is ____to give than to receive.

3. It is bad ____when you do some shopping.

A .to be polite B. stand in a line C. jump the queue D. to jump the queue 4. To knock at the door before coming in is polite. (同义句)

___is polite ___ ___at the door before coming in. 5. I think to work as a doctor is interesting. (同义句)

I think ___ ___interesting ___ ___ as a doctor. 6. I don ’t know when we shall leave for Beijing. (改为简单句)

I don ’t know when ___ ___ for Beijing.

不定代词和动词不定式用法小结

不定代词的用法 1.代替或修饰不特指的人或事物的代词叫不定代词 2.some与any的区别 1)some多用于肯定句,表示“一些,几个”,可修饰不可数名词和可数名词的复数形式。any 多用于疑问句、条件句和否定句中,表示“一些”,可修饰不可数名词和可数名词的复数形式 2)在反问句、疑问句中,表示请求、建议和希望对方得到肯定回答时,多用some. Would you like some beer?你要不要来点啤酒吗? Why didn’t you buy some sweets?你怎么没买点糖果? 3)any 用于肯定句时,表示是“任何的” Come any day you like.你哪天来都行。 3)some还有表示“某个”的意思 I’ll catch up with you some day有一天我会赶上你的。 3.复合不定代词:something(某事), someone(某人), somebody(某人), anything(任何事), anyone(任何人), anybody(任何人), nothing(没事),nobody(没有人), no one(没有人), everything(一切), everyone(每个人), everybody(每个人). A:作主语时,谓语动词用单数。Is there anything wrong with your watch?”“No, nothing is wrong with it B:修饰复合不定代词的形容词或不定式一定要位于它们的后面。 This is something special. 这是种特别的东西。 Haven’t you got anything to do? 你无事可干吗? C:一般来说,当主语是指人的复合代词,如everybody, nobody, anybody 等时,其反意疑问句后面的主语通常用代词they;当前面句子中的复合代词指物,如everything, something, anything, nothing 等时,其反意疑问句后面的主语通常用代词it。如:Everyone is here, aren’t they? 人都到了,是吗? Everything is ready, isn’t it? 一切准备好了,是吗? Somebody is waiting for me at the gate, aren’t they? 有人在门口等我,是吗? 3.few, a few, little, a little在用法上的区别 1)few、little意思是“很少几个”、“几乎没有”,有否定的意思,a few、a little意思是“有几个”、“有些”,有肯定的意思;few、a few修饰可数名词或代替可数的事物, little、a little修饰不可数名词连用或代替不可数的事物。 He is very poor and he has little money. 他很穷,几乎没有什么钱 Don’t worry. There is st ill a little time left. 别着急,还有一点儿时间呢 In that polar region there live few people. 在那个极地地区几乎不住人 You can get a few sweets from him. 你可以从他那儿弄到一些糖果 2)a little和little也可以用作副词,a little表示“有点,稍微”,little表示“很少”。 I'm a little hungry. Let him sleep a little. 3)quite a few (相当多)only a few (只有几个,几乎没有) 4、all和both, either的用法 1)all 指三者或三者以上的人或物,用来代替或修饰可数名词或不可数名词。both指两个人或物,用来代替或修饰可数名词 All the food is delicious.所有的食物都很好吃。 Her parents are both doctors.她父母都是医生

不定式和动名词做主语的区别

不定式和动名词做主语的区别 不定式和动名词都可在句子中作主语,一般说来, 有下面几点须给予注意: (1)不定式一般表示具体的、特定的行为,通常表示一种意愿、目的或者未完成的事情。;而-ing分词一般表示抽象的、一般的行为通常表示已经知道的事实或者经验。 如: To complete the program needs much effort. 完成这项计划需要很大的努力。 Riding a bike can make a man smart. 骑单车能使一个人敏捷。 (2)在疑问句中,只能用动名词的复合结构作主语。如: Is his speaking reasonable? 她的说话有道理吗? (3)在某些句型中通常要用动名词短语作主语。如:It is no use doing…/ It is no goo d doing…/ It is useless doing…/ It is worthwhil e doing…如: It is no use talking your trouble to a man like him. 跟他那样的人谈你的烦恼没有用。 (4)一般说来,作主语和表语的非谓语动词形式应一致,即:或同时为不定式,或同时为-ing分词。如: Seeing is believing. 眼见为实(from https://www.sodocs.net/doc/514663904.html,)。 但是,在现代英语中,当表语用来说明主语的特定意义或具体内容时,主语和表语的非谓语动词的形式可以不一致,即,主语用动名词,而表语用动词不定式。如:Waving your hand is to say “Good-bye”. 挥手就是说“再见”。 Nodding your head is to say “Yes”. 点头就是说“对,是的”。

动词不定式用法归纳

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动词不定式作主语的三种方式

动词不定式作主语的三种方式 I 不定式作主语通常位于句首。如: ①To see is to believe.百闻不如一见。 ②To get up early is necessary.早起是必要的。 II 把引导词it放在句首作形式主语,而把真正的主语———动词不定式(短语)放在后面。如: ①It's not easy to work out the problem.计算出这道题不容易。 ②It is interesting to play with snow in winter.冬季里玩雪是很有趣的。 it作形式主语时,有三种情况: 1)常用形容词作它的表语。真正主语不定式通常有逻辑主语,一般用for短语来表示,即for sb.to do sth.(其中sb.就是to do的逻辑主语)。如: It's important for us to keep the water clean.保持水质清洁对我们来说是很重要的。 [注意]for不能用of来代替,因为不能说:Y ou are important. 当表语形容词表示不定式的逻辑主语的性质或特征时,则不用for,而用of(sb.to do sth.)。如: It's very kind of you to say so.你这样说真是太好了。 (可以说:Y ou are very kind.) 2)有时也接名词作表语。如: It must be great fun to fly to the moon in a spaceship.乘宇宙飞船飞往月球一定很有趣。 3)it作形式主语时,还常用于“It takes(took /will take)sb.some time(money)to do sth.”句型中。如: ①It took me more than an hour to do my homework yesterday evening.昨天晚上我做作业用了一个多小时。 ②It will take us a long time to walk there.步行去那儿要花费我们很长时间。 III.动词不定式与疑问词how,what,when,where,which等连用构成不定式短语,也可作主语。如: ①How to use the computer is the question.如何使用计算机是个问题。 ②Where to go has not been decided.去哪儿还没有定下来。 【巩固练习】选择正确答案填空。 1.It's important you walk after supper. A.of;to B.for;of C.to;to D.for;to 2.It's very kind you help me. A.to;of B.of;to C.for;to D.to;to 3.To make friends with them nice. A.is B.are C.be D.does 4. the meeting has not been discussed yet. A.Why to hold B.Where to C.When to hold D.Which to (Keys:1—4 DBAC)

英语动词不定式的完成式用法小结

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英语中的动词不定式

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It's very kind / nice of you to help me。感谢你的帮助。 当表语形容词说明不定式具有某种特征时,应使用 "It's ...for sb. to do sth."。例如: It's hard for the Chinese students to learn Russian. 中国学生学俄语是很难的。 [高考题例] 1. Is ________ necessary to complete the design before National Day A. this B. that C. it D. he 2. It was foolish ________ you to give up what you rightly owned. A. for B. of C. about D. from II. 不定式作宾语 1. 学习不定式作宾语时,要注意掌握四种动词: 1) 后接不定式作宾语的动词。常见动词有: offer, decide, hope, promise, agree, plan, manage, refuse, wish, pretend, learn, want等。 2) 后接V-ing形式作宾语的动词。常见动词有: enjoy, mind, suggest, advise, finish, practise, imagine, admit, avoid, delay等。

动词不定式用法经典例句总结知识分享

动词不定式用法例句总结

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英语动词不定式大全

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