英语专业八级考试翻译部分历届试题及参考答案

1995年英语专业八级考试

简.奥斯丁的小说都是三五户人家居家度日，婚恋嫁娶的小事。因此不少中国读者不理解她何以在西方享有那么高的声誉。但一部小说开掘得深不深，艺术和思想是否有过人之处，的确不在题材大小。有人把奥斯丁的作品比作越咀嚼越有味道的橄榄。这不仅因为她的语言精彩，并曾对小说艺术的发展有创造性的贡献，也因为她的轻快活泼的叙述实际上并不那么浅白，那么透明。史密斯夫人说过，女作家常常试图修正现存的价值秩序，改变人们对“重要”和“不重要”的看法。也许奥斯丁的小说能教我们学会转换眼光和角度，明察到“小事”的叙述所涉及的那些不小的问题。

参考译文：颜林海

Jane Austin’s novels tell about such things unimportant as life, love and marriage in a few families that many Chinese readers do not understand why she has enjoyed such a high reputation in the western countries. But subject matter is indeed not the decisive factor by which we can judge whether or not a novel has its depth, or whether or not it has something superior to others in its artistic appeal and ideological content. Some people compare Austin’s works to olives: the more you chew them, the tastier you feel them. It is not only because of her wonderful language as well as her creative contribution to the development of novel writing as an art, but also because of something that her light and lively narrative hides——something implicit and opaque. Mrs Smith once said, women writers often tried to rectify the existing value orders, and to change people’s opinions on “what’s important or not”. Maybe Austin’s novels can teach us how to change our perspective and vision, really to dig those things important through the narrative of the ones unimportant.

E-C原文

I, by comparison, living in my overpriced city apartment, walking to work past putrid sacks of street garbage, paying usurious taxes to local and state governments I generally abhor, I am rated middle class. This causes me to wonder, do es the measurement make sense? Are we measuring only that which is easily measured--- the numbers on the money chart --- and ignoring values more central to the good life? For my sons there is of course the rural bounty of fresh-grown vegetables, line-caught fish and the shared riches of neighbours’orchards and gardens. There is the unpaid baby-sitter for whose children my daughter-in-law baby-sits in return, and neighbours who barter their skills and labour. But more than that, how do you measure serenity? Sense of self?

I don’t want to idealize life in small places. There are times when the outside world intrudes brutally, as when the cost of gasoline goes up or developers cast their eyes on untouched farmland. There are cruelties, there is intolerance, there are all the many vices and meannesses in small places that exist in large cities. Furthermore, it is harder to ignore them when they cannot be banished psychologically to another part of town or excused as the whims of alien groups --- when they have to be acknowledged as “part of us.”Nor do I want to belittle the opportunities for small decencies in cities --- the eruptions of one-stranger-to-another caring that always surprise and delight. But these are, sadly, more exceptions than rules and are often overwhelmed by the awful corruptions and dangers that surround us.

比较而言，我住在在收费不菲的城市公寓里，步行去工作还得经过恶臭的街头圾袋，向我一向讨厌的地方政府和州政府缴纳高利贷式税收，竟然还被认定为中产阶级。这让我感到怀疑，这种衡量标准是否意义？难道我们就仅仅衡量那些容易衡量的东西——经济图标上数字——而忽视了对幸福生活更为重要的价值观吗？当然，对我的几个儿子来说，富饶的农村有新鲜的蔬菜，有钓上来的鱼儿，还可以分享邻居果园菜园丰收的果实。还有义务照看孩子的邻居，作为回报我的儿媳也照看他们的孩子，而邻里之间相互交换技能和劳动。但更为重要的是，你如何来衡量那里的宁静安详？如何衡量自我(感)呢？

我无意美化小地方的生活。有时外面世界的侵扰冷酷无情，比如汽油价格上涨，开发商盯着尚未开发的农田；那里充斥着凶残，充满着偏狭，大城市拥有的种种卑劣行径，小地方也都一应俱全。非但如此，一旦人们在心里无法将这些丑陋现象视为小地方才独有的，或将其解释为异乡人为所欲为的借口，而只能承认是“我们的一部分”时，人们也就更难忽视它们了。我也不想贬低城市中一有机会就让人难为情的习俗—

—陌生人之间津津乐道的荤段子，这些段子总是让人吃惊，也博人一笑。然而，可悲的是，这些丑陋的现象太多了，不受规则约束，而且比这些现象有过之而无不及的是我们四周那些可怕的腐败和危险。

1996年英语专业八级考试--翻译部分参考译文

C-E原文：

近读报纸，对国内名片和请柬的议论颇多，于是想起客居巴黎时经常见到的法国人手中的名片和请柬，随笔记下来，似乎不无借鉴之处。

在巴黎，名目繁多的酒会，冷餐会是广交朋友的好机会。在这种场合陌生人相识，如果是亚洲人，他们往往开口之前先毕恭毕敬地用双手把自己的名片呈递给对方，这好像是不可缺少的礼节。然而，法国人一般却都不大主动递送名片，双方见面寒暄几句，甚至海阔天空地聊一番也就各自走开，只有当双方谈话投机，希望继续交往时，才会主动掏出名片。二话不说先递名片反倒显得有些勉强。

英语思维方式下的改写：

最近，当我读报纸时，我发现报纸上对国内名片和请柬的议论颇多，于是这让我想起我客居巴黎时，我经常见到的法国人对待手中的名片和请柬的态度，我随笔把它记下来，这似乎不无借鉴之处。

在巴黎，有名目繁多的酒会，冷餐会，这为是广交朋友提供了好机会。在这种场合陌生人相识。他们如果是亚洲人，他们往往开口之前，（他们）先毕恭毕敬地（他们）用（他们的）双手把自己的名片呈递给对方，这好像是不可缺少的礼节。然而，法国人一般却都不大主动递送（他们的）名片，双方见面寒暄几句，（他们）甚至海阔天空地聊一番（他们）也就各自走开。只有当双方谈话投机，而且希望继续交往时，（他们）才会主动掏出（他们的）名片。（他们）二话不说先递（他们的）名片反倒显得有些勉强。

Recently，when I read newspapers, I found calling and invitation cards at home became a hotly debated topic on the newspaper. This topic reminds me of what I have known about the Frenchmen’s attitude toward their calling cards when I lived in Paris. Now I jot it down，which seems to be used for reference.

In Paris, there are many cocktail parties and buffet receptions of different kinds, offering great opportunities for making friends. On such occasions, strangers get to know each other. If they are from Asia, they will respectfully present their calling cards to each other with two hands before any conversation starts. This seems to be the indispensable courtesy on their part. The Frenchmen, however, are not ready to offer their calling cards. They just will greet each other, and even have a small-talk, and then leave each other. Only when both sides find they are agreeable to each other, and hope to have further contact will they exchange their cards. It would be embarrassing for them to do so before they speak to each other.

E-C原文：

It should have been easy. They were battle-tested veterans with long ties to Reagan and even longer ties to the Republican party, men who understood presidential politics as well as any in the country. The backdrop of the campaign was hospitable, with lots of good news to work with: America was at peace, and the nation’s economy, a key factor in any election, was rebounding vigorously after recession. Furthermore, the campaign itself was lavishly financed, with plenty of money for a top-flight staff, travel, and television commercials. And, most important, their candidate was Ronald Reagan, a president of tremendous personal popularity and dazzling communication skills. Reagan has succeed more than any president since John F. Kennedy in projecting a broad vision of America –a nation of renewed military strength, individual initiative, and smaller federal government. 事情应该不会太难。他们都是久经沙场的老将了，长期跟随里根，甚至跟共和党有更深的渊源。在这个国家，这些人最熟悉总统政治。竞选背景也很有利，有很多好消息可供炒作：美国一片和平，国家经济这一竞选要素衰退之后正在强劲反弹。而且，这次竞选本身得到慷慨资助，有足够的资金组织一流的竞选班子、支付巡回演讲和电视广告。最重要的是，他们的候选人，罗纳德·里根，是一位极具个人魅力和沟通技巧的总统。自约翰·F·肯尼迪总统以来，美国总统中只有里根为美国成功勾画出了一个宏伟蓝图：一个军事力量复兴、富有个人进去心、联邦政府得以精简的国家。

1997年英语专业八级考试--翻译部分参考译文

C-E原文：

来美国求学的中国学生与其他亚裔学生一样，大多非常刻苦勤奋，周末也往往会抽出一天甚至两天的时间去实验室加班，因而比起美国学生来，成果出得较多。我的导师是亚裔人，嗜烟好酒，脾气暴躁。但他十分欣赏亚裔学生勤奋与扎实的基础知识，也特别了解亚裔学生的心理。因此，在他实验室所招的学生中，除有一名来自德国外，其余5位均是亚裔学生。他干脆在实验室的门上贴一醒目招牌：“本室助研必须每周工作7天，早10时至晚12时，工作时间必须全力以赴。”这位导师的严格及苛刻是全校有名的，在我所呆的3年半中，共有14位学生被招进他的实验室，最后博士毕业的只剩下5人。1990年夏天，我不顾别人劝阻，硬着头皮接受了导师的资助，从此开始了艰难的求学旅程。

Like students from other Asian countries and regions, most Chinese students who come to pursue their further studies in the United States work hard and diligently on their studies. Even on weekends, they would spare one or two days to work overtime in the laboratory, and hence produce more results than American students. My supervisor is of Asian origin, being addicted to alcohols and cigarettes, with a hot temper. But he highly appreciate Asian students’ industry and their solid foundational knowledge，and has a particularly keen sight into what Asian students have on their mind. Therefore，of those students recruited into his laboratory，except for one who comes from the Germany，the other five are of Asian origin. He directly has a striking poster pasted on the door, which reads “All the research assistants in this laboratory are required to work 7 days a week, from 10:00 a.m. to 12:00 p.m.. Do work at all costs during the working hours.”This supervisor is well known on the entire campus for his severity (strictness) and harshness. During the period of three and half years when I stayed there, fourteen students were recruited into his laboratory, but only five of them stayed until they graduated with their Ph.D. degrees. In the summer of 1999, regardless of the dissuasion from others, I accepted my supervisor’s sponsorship and embarked on my difficult journey of academic pursuit.

E-C原文：

Opera is expensive: that much is inevitable. But expensive things are not inevitably the province of the rich unless we abdicate society’s power of choice. We can choose to make opera, and other expensive forms of culture, accessible to those who cannot individually pay for it. The question is: why should we? Nobody denies the imperatives of food, shelter, defence, health and education. But even in a prehistoric cave, mankind stretched out a hand not just to eat, drink or fight, but also to draw. The impulse towards culture, the desire to express and explore the world through imagination and representation is fundamental. In Europe, this desire has found fulfillment in the masterpieces of our music, art, literature and theatre. These masterpieces are the touchstones for all our efforts; they are the touchstones for the possibilities to which human thought and imagination may aspire; they carry the most profound messages that can be sent from one human to another.

听歌剧很昂贵：昂贵的确不可避免。但是昂贵的东西未必就专属富人，除非我们放弃社会的选择权。我们可以选择去把歌剧和其他昂贵的文化形式走向那些个人不具备支付能力的人。问题是：我们为什么要这样做呢？没人能否认食品、居所、防护、健康和教育的必要性。但是即使在史前时代的洞穴中，人类伸手并不仅仅是为了吃喝或为了搏杀，而且也是为了绘画创作。人类对文化的冲动，即人类最基本的欲望就是通过想象和再现来表现世界、来探索世界。在欧洲，这种欲望在我们的音乐、艺术、文学和戏剧杰作之中得到了体现。这些杰作都成了测试我们全部努力的试金石，成了测试人类思想和想象所能企及的程度的试金石；这些杰作所承载的最富寓意的内容可以在人类之中彼此相传。

1998年英语专业八级考试--翻译部分参考译文

C-E原文：

1997年2月24日我们代表团下榻日月潭中信大饭店，送走了最后一批客人，已是次日凌晨3点了。我躺在床上久久不能入睡，披衣走到窗前，往外看去，只见四周峰峦叠翠，湖面波光粼粼。望着台湾这仅有的景色如画的天然湖泊，我想了许多，许多……

这次到台湾访问交流，虽然行程匆匆，但是，看了不少地方，访了旧友，交了新知，大家走到一起，谈论

的一个重要话题就是中华民族在21世纪的强盛。虽然祖国大陆、台湾的青年生活在不同的社会环境中，有着各自不同的生活经历，但大家的内心都深深铭刻着中华文化优秀传统的印记，都拥有着振兴中华民族的共同理想。在世纪之交的伟大时代，我们的祖国正在走向繁荣富强，海峡两岸人民也将加强交流，共同推进祖国统一大业的早日完成。世纪之交的宝贵机遇和巨大挑战将青年推到了历史前台。跨世纪青年一代应该用什么样的姿态迎接充满希望的新世纪，这是我们必须回答的问题。

日月潭水波不兴，仿佛与我一同在思索……

On February 2, 1997, our delegation stayed at Riyuetan(Sun and moon lake) Zhongxin Grand Hotel. It was already three o’clock next early morning when I saw off my last guests. I lay on the bed，but awake for a long time, then I got up to the window with my clothes on my shoulders. When looking out of the window, I found the hotel surrounded with the thick green ridges and peaks, with the glittering water the on the surface of lake. This was the only natural picturesque lake in Taiwan province, which reminded me of many, and many….

This time, the visit to Taiwan for exchange, although brief and cursory, has enabled us to see many places, to visit many old friends, as well as to make new friends. Whenever we got together, our topic focused on the powerfulness and prosperity of the Chinese people in the 21rst century. Although young people, on the Mainland and in Taiwan, live in different social contexts with different life experience, they have the same fine traditions of the Chinese culture imprinted in their innermost hearts, and cherish the same ideal to revitalize (invigorate/rejuvenate)the Chinese nation. In this great epoch at the turn of the century, our motherland is moving toward prosperity and powerfulness. People across the Taiwan Straights will strengthen the exchange, and mutually promote the achievement of the great cause of the reunification of the motherland as early as possible. The turn of the century has given the young people precious opportunities and tremendous challenges, and has pushed them to the foreground (forefront) of the historical arena (stage). As a cross-century generation, how should we youth embrace the forthcoming new century, the hopeful century? This is a question to which we must give an answer.

The surface of Sun and moon lake keeps still, as if it were thinking just as we are doing.

E-C原文：

I agree to some extent with my imaginary English reader. American literary historians are perhaps prone to view their own national scene too narrowly, mistaking prominence for uniqueness. They do over-phrase their own literature, or certainly its minor figures. And Americans do swing from aggressive over phrase of their literature to an equally unfortunate, imitative deference. But then, the English themselves are somewhat insular in their literary appraisals. Moreover, in fields where they are not pre-eminent —e. g. in painting and music —they too alternate between boasting of native products and copying those of the Continent. How many English paintings try to look as though they were done in Paris; how many times have we read in articles that they really represent an “English tradition”after all.

To speak of American literature, then, is not to assert that it is completely unlike that of Europe. Broadly speaking, America and Europe have kept step. At any given moment the traveler could find examples in both of the same architecture, the same styles in dress, the same books on the shelves. Ideas have crossed the Atlantic as freely as men and merchandise, though sometimes more slowly. When I refer to American habit, thoughts, etc., I intend some sort of qualification to precede the word, for frequently the difference between America and Europe (especially England) will be one of degree, sometimes only of a small degree. The amount of divergence is a subtle affair, liable to perplex the Englishman when he looks at America. He is looking at a country which in important senses grew out of his own, which in several ways still resembles his own —and which is yet a foreign country. There are odd overlappings and abrupt unfamiliarities; kinship yields to a sudden alienation, as when we hail a person across the street, only to discover from his blank response that we have mistaken a stranger for a friend.

参考译文：颜林海译

某种程度上，我还是赞同我想象的那些英国读者的观点。美国文学史家兴许容易太过狭隘地看待自己国家

的文坛，误当突显为独特。他们实在太高估自己的文学，或者太肯定太高估了他们文学中的那些小人物。而且美国人的确经历过这么一种转变，即从侵略式地高估自己的文学到同样效果不佳的模仿式的敬服。然而，英国人自己在作文学评论时有点岛国式狭隘意识。而且，在那些他们不太突出的领域里，如绘画和音乐，他们时而自吹自擂本土作品，时而抄袭欧洲大陆的作品。英国人绘画时企图都想让其作品看起来就像是在巴黎制作的，而且数量太多太多；有许多次，我们在文章中读到这样的说法，即他们毕竟真正代表了“英语传统”。

那么，谈美国文学，并非是要做出如此断言，即美国文学与欧洲文学大相径庭。广义地说，欧美文学并驾齐驱，不相上下。在任何一个特定的时刻，旅行者在欧美之间可能找得到相同的建筑物，相同的服饰风格，在书架上还可以找到相同的书籍。各种思想就像人和商品一样自由地横跨大西洋，尽管有时稍显滞后。当我提及美国式的习惯、思想等时，我的意思是想在“美国式”这个词前加上某种限定，因为欧(尤其是英)美之间的差异通常是程度上的差异，有时这种程度很微小。微小得很容易让英国人在审视美国时也感到困惑不解。在他看来，这个国家，从某些重要意义上看，都是出自于自己的国家，在某些方面又都与自己国家颇为相似——然而却是一个不折不扣的异邦。二者既有稀奇古怪的重叠之处，又有令人唐突的陌生之感；少了一份亲近，却多了一份疏远(亲缘关系让位于一种突然的疏远)。这就好比隔街打招呼，只有从其漠然的反应才知我们原来误将路人当朋友。

1999年英语专业八级考试--翻译部分参考译文

C-E原文：

加拿大的温哥华1986年刚刚度过百岁生日，但城市的发展令世界瞩目。以港立市，以港兴市，是许多港口城市生存发展的道路。经过百年开发建设，有着天然不冻良港的温哥华，成为举世闻名的港口城市，同亚洲、大洋洲、欧洲、拉丁美洲均有定期班轮，年货物吞吐量达到8，000万吨，全市就业人口中有三分之一从事贸易与运输行业。

温哥华（V ancouver）的辉煌是温哥华人智慧和勤奋的结晶，其中包括多民族的贡献。加拿大地广人稀，国土面积比中国还大，人口却不足3000万。吸收外来移民，是加拿大长期奉行的国策。可以说，加拿大除了印第安人外，无一不是外来移民，不同的只是时间长短而已。温哥华则更是世界上屈指可数的多民族城市。现今180万温哥华居民中，有一半不是在本地出生的，每4个居民中就有一个是亚洲人。而25万华人对温哥华的经济转型起着决定性的作用。他们其中有一半是近5年才来到温哥华地区的，使温哥华成为亚洲以外最大的中国人聚居地。

参考译文：

1986 has just witnessed the hundredth birthday of Vancouver, a city of southwest British Columbia, Canada. But its development has already captured the worldwide attention. To build up and prosper a city by its harbor is a common development road for many port cities. With a century’s construction and development, Vancouver, a city with a naturally ice-free harbor, has become a world-famous harbor city, operating regular ocean liner with Asia, Oceania, Europe and Latin America. Its annual cargo throughout capacity reaches 80 million tons. One third of the employed population is engaged in trading and transportation industry.

The glories of Vancouver are the crystallization of the wisdom and the industry of its people, including the contributions of many ethnic groups. Canada, sparsely populated, has a territory larger than that of China, but its population is only less than 30 million. Consequently, to attract immigrants from other countries has become a national policy long practiced/followed/cherished by Canada. All Canadians except the American Indians, so to speak, are foreign immigrants, differing only in the length of time they have settled in Canada. Vancouver, in particular, is one of the few most celebrated multi-ethnic cities in the world. Among the 1.8 million Vancouver residents, half of them are non-natives and one out of every four residents is from Asia. The 250,000 Chinese there have played a decisive role in the transformation of Vancouver's economy. Half of them have come to settle in Vancouver over the past five years only, rendering Vancouver the largest area outside Asia where the Chinese inhabit.

历年专业八级考试真题：翻译

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综合练习（一） 一、英译汉 WASHINGTON(Reuters) - Know your way around a lock Then the CIA wants you: "The Central Intelligence Agency is seeking locksmiths to work with the best minds in the country while performing a mission critical to our nation," the CIA said in a recent job posting on its website, . Locksmiths, who in spy agency lingo are called technical operations officers, are needed for such tasks as to "familiarize non-technical people with technical capabilities; do hands-on work; and travel worldwide." Skill in making lock parts is an asset for prospective CIA lock-smiths. "Knowledge of electronic and manual safe lock servicing, electricity, and alarms is ideal. Knowing how to operate machinery to fabricate lock parts and tools will be beneficial," the CIA job posting said. 参考答案： 华盛顿(路透社)-你是否精通有关锁的技能如果精通,美国中央情报局正想要你呢。“中央情报局正在物色锁匠,他们将与美国精英一道执行对国家至关重要的任务，”中央情报局最近在其网站上贴的一则招聘通知上如是说道。 锁匠，用间谍机构的行话来说是技术性操作人员,需要他们做的是诸如“用他们的技能去教会外行人；做需要动手操作的工作；到世界各地去出差。” 拥有造锁技能是候选的中情局锁匠的资本。“熟悉电子及手动保险柜的维修、电路和警报系统的人是理想人选。熟悉如何操作机器来制造锁件和工具将有利于得到这份工作。”CIA 招聘通知写道。 汉译英 圣经在英语的发展过程中对英语的影响可谓深远。她不仅对英语的词汇的补充和习惯用语的形成功不可没，人们在日常交往中对其的引用更是无处不见。美国有位词汇学教授曾经说过，难以想象一个没有读过圣经的人能够学好英语。我们无意去讨论这位教授的话对错与否，但我们对圣经对于英语学习的作用却是肯定的。 参考答案： The Bible has played a very important role during the development of English. It has significant impact on the formation of the English vocabulary and English idioms. People quote the Bible almost everywhere during their daily work and life. An American lexicologist once said that it is hard to imagine one can learn English well without reading the Bible. We are not discussing whether what he said was true or not. However we are on the YES side about the Bible's contribution to the language. 综合练习（二） 一、英译汉 If people mean anything at all by the expression "untimely death", they must believe that some deaths run on a better schedule than others. Death in old age is rarely called untimely---a long life is thought to be a full one. But with the passing of a young person, one assumes that the best years lay ahead and the measure of that life was still to be taken. History denies this, of course. Among prominent summer deaths, one recalls those of Marilyn Monroe and James Deans, whose lives seemed equally brief and complete. Writers cannot bear the fact that poet John Keats died at 26, and only half playfully judge their own lives

英语专业八级考试翻译部分历届试题及参考答案

1995年英语专业八级考试 简.奥斯丁的小说都是三五户人家居家度日，婚恋嫁娶的小事。因此不少中国读者不理解她何以在西方享有那么高的声誉。但一部小说开掘得深不深，艺术和思想是否有过人之处，的确不在题材大小。有人把奥斯丁的作品比作越咀嚼越有味道的橄榄。这不仅因为她的语言精彩，并曾对小说艺术的发展有创造性的贡献，也因为她的轻快活泼的叙述实际上并不那么浅白，那么透明。史密斯夫人说过，女作家常常试图修正现存的价值秩序，改变人们对“重要”和“不重要”的看法。也许奥斯丁的小说能教我们学会转换眼光和角度，明察到“小事”的叙述所涉及的那些不小的问题。 参考译文：颜林海 Jane Austin’s novels tell about such things unimportant as life, love and marriage in a few families that many Chinese readers do not understand why she has enjoyed such a high reputation in the western countries. But subject matter is indeed not the decisive factor by which we can judge whether or not a novel has its depth, or whether or not it has something superior to others in its artistic appeal and ideological content. Some people compare Austin’s works to olives: the more you chew them, the tastier you feel them. It is not only because of her wonderful language as well as her creative contribution to the development of novel writing as an art, but also because of something that her light and lively narrative hides——something implicit and opaque. Mrs Smith once said, women writers often tried to rectify the existing value orders, and to change people’s opinions on “what’s important or not”. Maybe Austin’s novels can teach us how to change our perspective and vision, really to dig those things important through the narrative of the ones unimportant. E-C原文 I, by comparison, living in my overpriced city apartment, walking to work past putrid sacks of street garbage, paying usurious taxes to local and state governments I generally abhor, I am rated middle class. This causes me to wonder, do es the measurement make sense? Are we measuring only that which is easily measured--- the numbers on the money chart --- and ignoring values more central to the good life? For my sons there is of course the rural bounty of fresh-grown vegetables, line-caught fish and the shared riches of neighbours’orchards and gardens. There is the unpaid baby-sitter for whose children my daughter-in-law baby-sits in return, and neighbours who barter their skills and labour. But more than that, how do you measure serenity? Sense of self? I don’t want to idealize life in small places. There are times when the outside world intrudes brutally, as when the cost of gasoline goes up or developers cast their eyes on untouched farmland. There are cruelties, there is intolerance, there are all the many vices and meannesses in small places that exist in large cities. Furthermore, it is harder to ignore them when they cannot be banished psychologically to another part of town or excused as the whims of alien groups --- when they have to be acknowledged as “part of us.”Nor do I want to belittle the opportunities for small decencies in cities --- the eruptions of one-stranger-to-another caring that always surprise and delight. But these are, sadly, more exceptions than rules and are often overwhelmed by the awful corruptions and dangers that surround us. 比较而言，我住在在收费不菲的城市公寓里，步行去工作还得经过恶臭的街头圾袋，向我一向讨厌的地方政府和州政府缴纳高利贷式税收，竟然还被认定为中产阶级。这让我感到怀疑，这种衡量标准是否意义？难道我们就仅仅衡量那些容易衡量的东西——经济图标上数字——而忽视了对幸福生活更为重要的价值观吗？当然，对我的几个儿子来说，富饶的农村有新鲜的蔬菜，有钓上来的鱼儿，还可以分享邻居果园菜园丰收的果实。还有义务照看孩子的邻居，作为回报我的儿媳也照看他们的孩子，而邻里之间相互交换技能和劳动。但更为重要的是，你如何来衡量那里的宁静安详？如何衡量自我(感)呢？ 我无意美化小地方的生活。有时外面世界的侵扰冷酷无情，比如汽油价格上涨，开发商盯着尚未开发的农田；那里充斥着凶残，充满着偏狭，大城市拥有的种种卑劣行径，小地方也都一应俱全。非但如此，一旦人们在心里无法将这些丑陋现象视为小地方才独有的，或将其解释为异乡人为所欲为的借口，而只能承认是“我们的一部分”时，人们也就更难忽视它们了。我也不想贬低城市中一有机会就让人难为情的习俗—