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(完整版)人教版六年级英语下册重点句型语法总结

(完整版)人教版六年级英语下册重点句型语法总结
(完整版)人教版六年级英语下册重点句型语法总结

PEP小学英语重点句型语法总结

人教版PEP教材在小学阶段涉及的重要语法知识主要有7种:

to be句型、there be句型、一般现在时句型、现在进行时句型、一般过去时句型、情态动词can 引导的句型、be going to句型等,简要总结如下:

[一]to be句型:用于介绍个人情况如姓名、健康状况、身份、国籍、家庭成员、朋友、职业等,

描述地点、颜色、四季、日期、星期几等

1. Who ' s your English teacher? Mr. Carter.

2. What ' s he likeHe' s tall and strong.

3. Is she quiet? No, she isn She is very active.

4. Is she strict? Yes, she is, but she ' s very kind.

5. What day is it today? It ' s Wednesday.

6. What ' s your favourite fruit/food …?

7. They ' re sweet/ sour/ salty/ healthy/ …

8. When is your birthday? It ' s in May.

9. My birthday is in June. Uncle Bill ' s birthday is in June, too.

10. Is her birthday in Jun e? Yes, it is.

11. What ' s the date?

12. This is Zhang Peng.

13. Where is the cinema, please? It ' s next to the hospital.

14. How tall are you ? I ' m 164 cm tall.

15. You are shorter tha n me.

16. You ' re 4 cm taller than me.

17. How heavy are you? I ' m 48 kg.

18. I ' m thinner than you, and shorter.

19. What ' s the matter with you?My throat is sore.

20. How are you, Liu Yun / Sarah?

[二] there be句型:表示存在,即:某处有某物"或某时有某事”。句型基本结构为:There is+可

数名词单数或不可数名词+时间或地点。There are+可数名词复数+地点。如:

1. There are two bedrooms, a kitche n, a bathroom and a living room.

2. There is a mirror, a bed and a big closet.

3. Is there a forest in the park? Yes, there is.

4. Is there a river? No, there isn ' t.

5. Are there any pan das in the mountains? No, there aren ' t.

6. Are there any fish in the rivers? Yes, there are.

[三]一般现在时句型:表示习惯性的动作或行为,或现在存在着的状况。句型基本结构为:主语+行为动词+其他。当主语是第三人称单数时,要在动词原形后面加s或es,其他人称作主语时则用动词原形,在问句及否定句中需要用助动词do或does。这种句型通常有一些标志词,如:usually often sometimes never always 等。

1. What do you have on Thursdays? We have En glish, math and scie nee on Thursdays.

2. What do you do on Saturdays? I watch TV on Saturdays.

3. I do my homework.

4. What do you have for lunch on Mon days? We have tomatoes, tofu and fish.

5. I like fruit. But I don ' t like grapes.

1. When do you eat dinner? I eat dinner at 7:00 in the evening.

2. When do you get up? I usually get up at 12:00 noon.

3. What do you do on the weeke nd? Usually I watch TV and go shopp ing.

4. Sometimes I visit my grandparents. I often play football. Sometimes I go hiking.

5. Which seas on do you like best? I like win ter best.

6. Why do you like summer/wi nter?

1. How do you go to school, Sarah?

2. Usually I go to school on foot. Sometimes I go by bike.

3. I like collect ing stamps. He likes collect ing stamps, too.

4. Does she teach math? Yes, she does.

5. Does she teach En glish?N o, she does n 'She teaches math.

6. What does your mother do? What does your father do?

7. Where does she work? She works in a car compa ny.

8. How does she go to work? She goes to work by bus.

9. Where does the rain come from? It comes from the clouds.

10. Where does the cloud come from? It comes from the vapour.

11. Where does the vapour come from? It comes from the water in the river.

12. The sun shines and the water becomes vapour.

13. How do you do that?

1. My nose hurts.

2. How do you feel? I feel sick. How does Amy feel?

3. You look so happy. You look sad today.

[四]现在进行时句型:表示说话时正在进行的动作或事件,或在短期内正在进行的动作或存在

的情况。标志词是:now也常用在Look! Listen!等后面。句型主要结构为:be动词(am, is, are) +

动词现在分词(v. ing)。

1. What are you doing? I ' m doing the dishes. I ' m reading a book.

2. Grandpa is writing a letter. Brother is doing homework. Mom is cooking dinner in the kitchen.

3. He is writing an e-mail in the study.

3. What is it doing ? It ' s eating bananas.

4. What is she doing ? She' s jump ing.

5. What are they doing ? They ' re swimming. They ' re climng trees.

6. Are you eating lunch? No, we aren ' t.

7. Are they eati ng the hon ey? Yes, they are.

8. Is he play ing chess? Yes, he is.

9. Is she counting in sects? No, she isn ' t.

[五]一般过去时句型:表示过去发生的而现在已经结束的事件、动作或情况。句型基本结构为:主语+动词过去式+其他。标志词通常是:yesterday, last week , last year等,在问句与否定句中要用助动词did。

1. What did you do last weeke nd? I played football.

2. Did you help them clean their room? Yes, I did.

3. What did you do yesterday? I went fish ing.

4. Did you read book? Yes, I did.

5. Did you clean your room? No, I didn ' t.

6. Where did you go on your holiday? I went to Xinjia ng.

7. What did you do there? I sang and danced with my new frien ds.

8. How did you go there ?I went by train.

此外,一般过去时也可用来表示客气的询问。如:

What would you like for lunch? I [六] 情态动词can 引导的句型:表示有能力做某事, 1. What can you do? I can sweep the floor. I can cook the meals. 2.1 can water the flowers.

3. Can you make the bed? No, I can t.'

4. Can you use a computer? Yes, I can.

How can I get to Zhon gsha n Park? You can go by the No. 15 bus. [七] 将来时:我们的教材中出现过两种表示将来时的句型,即: will 和be going to 句型,主要以be

going to 句型为主,表示将要做某事或打算做某事。句型主要结构:

am/is/are + going to + v.原形。标

志词有:tomorrow next weekend this morning this weekend next …be going to 1. What are you going to do this weeke nd? I am going to visit my gra ndpare nts. 2. Where are you going? I am going to the cin ema.

3. How is he going to Beiji ng? He is going to Beiji ng by pla ne.

4. When is she going to Xiashan? She is going to go there at 9:00 am 英语名词单数变复数的规则

1) 单数名词力口 s: students, apples, bags, trees, books, brothers.

2) 以 s 、x 、sh 、ch 结尾的名词力口 es: glasses, boxes, brushes, matches. 3) 以辅音字母加 y 结尾的名词,变 y 为i 加es: cities, babies, enemies.

4) 以f 或fe 结尾的名词,多数变 f 为v 加es: wives, knives.但有些词只加 s: roofs, proof s, chiefs. 5)

以 o 结尾的名词,有些力口 es:

Negroes, heroes, tomatoes, potatoes. 其它力口 s: radio s, zoos, pianos,

photos. 6)不规则名foot T feet, goose T geese, tooth

T teeth, child

T children, man T me n,

womanswomen, sheep sheep, deer deer, mouse mice. 7) 某些外来词变复数:

datum s data, medium media, bacterium bacteria, curriculum curricula,

criterion criteria, phenomenon phenomena. (um/ on ^ a ) analysis

analyses,

basis T bases, crisis crises, diag no sis diag no seis ( es )

8)

复合名词变复数:以不可数名词结尾的复合名词无复数形式,如:

homework.

以man 或woman 为前缀的复合名词变复数, 前后两个名词都变复数, 女如: manservant T menservants, woma n stude nt- wome n stude nts.

d lik

e some

can 后面的动词要用原形。如:

其它复合名词变复数:grow n up^ grown ups, brother in law brothers in law.

sta nd by sta nds by.

9)复合形容词做定语时,其中的名词保持单数:a six year old boy , a two hundred page book 英语中名词可分为可数名词和不可数名词。可数名词在应用时有单数和复数形式。表示一个用单数,

表示两个或两个以上用复数。复数名词的构成分为规则变化和不规则变化。

1.规则变化:

1)一般在名词词尾加s,

①map —maps 地图,bird —birds 鸟,

orange —oran ges 桔子,

bike —bikes 自行车;

2)以s, x, ch, sh 结尾的名词加es,

① box —boxes 盒子,class —classes 班级,watch —watches 手表,dish-dishes 盘,碟子,餐具;

3)以0结尾的名词后面加s或es

① photo —photos 相片radio —radios 收音机zoo —zoos 动物园

tomato —tomatoes 西红柿potato —potatoes 土豆

4)以辅音字母加y结尾的名词,变y为i+es

① baby —babies 婴儿family —families 家庭;

以元音字母加y结尾的名词直接加s

① boy —boys 男孩toy —toys 玩具;

5)以fe或f结尾的名词,把fe或f变为ves

① knife —knives 小刀

wife —wives 妻子

leaf —leaves 树叶。

二:名词复数的不规则变化

1)child---children foot---feet tooth---teeth

mouse---mice man---me n woma n---wome n

注意:与man和woman构成的合成词,其复数形式也是-men和-women 。

女口:an En glishma n , two En glishme n. 但Germa n 不是合成词,故复数形式为Germa ns ; Bowma n 是姓,其复数是the Bowmans 。

2 )单复同形女口:

deer , sheep , fish , Chinese , Japanese

li, jin, yuan , two li , three mu , four jin

但除人民币元、角、分外,美元、英镑、法郎等都有复数形式。女口:

a dollar, two dollars; a meter, two meters

3 )集体名词,以单数形式出现,但实为复数。

如:people police cattle 等本身就是复数,不能说 a people , a police, a cattle,但可以说

a person ,a policeman ,a head of cattle,the English ,the British ,the French ,the Chinese ,the Japanese ,the Swiss 等名词,表示国民总称时,作复数用。

如:The Chi nese are in dustries and brave. 中国人民是勤劳勇敢的。

4)表示由两部分构成的东西,如:glasses (眼镜)trousers, clothes

若表达具体数目,要借助数量词pair(对,双);suit(套);a pair of glasses; two pairs of trousers

5)另外还有一些名词,其复数形式有时可表示特别意思,如:goods货物,waters水域,fishes

(各种)鱼

现在分词构成

①直接在动词的后面加上ing,女口do f doing , sing 宀singing , comfort comforting

②以不发音的e结尾的动词,把e去掉,再加ing,女口dance^dancing , hike f hiking

※注意※ 这里的e必须不发音,若发音,则不能去掉,如see f seeing

③最后一个闭音节重读且后面只有一个辅音字母的动词,双写这个辅音字母再加ing,如cut f cutting , swim f swimming

④以ie结尾的动词,要把ie变成y再加ing,女口die f dying , lie f lying

过去分词

(1)、一般动词,在词尾直接加“ ed ”。(然而要注意的是,过去分词并不是过去式)work---worked---worked ,visit---visited---visited

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