搜档网
当前位置:搜档网 › 英语中的同音异义词

英语中的同音异义词

英语中的同音异义词

英语中的同音异义词

英语的拼写和发音之间的关系非常复杂。一个字母可以有不同的读音,而一个音素又可以有几种拼写方法,这种现象造成了英语的拼写困难。而发音相同,拼写和意义不同的同音异义词,造成的拼写困难则更大。因此,初学者在学习英语时,要重视这一类词。例如: 海洋no 不here这里our我们的

看见know知道hear听见hour小时

遇见deer 鹿night晚上wait等待

肉dear亲爱的knight骑士weight重量

上午write写pair一双so那么

哀悼right正确的pear梨子sow播种为by乘two二

四buy买too!也

(完整版)英语中各种数字的表达法和读法

英语中各种数字的表达法和读法 (1)基数词的读法 我们先从基数词人手。首先掌握三位以内数字的读法,因为它是多位数字的基础,一旦熟练掌握,再借助一个逗号,便可轻松应付四位以上任何庞大的数字。我们可以通过例子来说明这一点。 ①3—5位数的读法 202读作:two hundred(and)two 234读作:two hundred(and)thirty-four 1, 234读作:one thousand two hundred(and)thirtyfour 但是在读法上须注意以下几点: a.在英式英语中,一个数的最后两位(十位和个位)得用“and\'’,但美式英语中则不用。如:3,077读作:U.S:three thousand seventy—seven. b.不定冠词“a”只在数的开头才和hundred,thousand等连用。试比较: 146读作:ahundred(and)forty-six 2,146读作:twothousand,one hundred(and)fortysix c.1,000这个整数我们说athousand,在and前我们也说a thousand,但是在一个有百位数的数目前就得说one thousand试比较: 1,031读作:a thousand,(and)thirty-one, 1,150读作:one thousand,one hundred(and)fifty d.hundred,thousand和million这几个词的单数可以和:“a”者“one”连用,但是不能单独使用。在非正式文体中“a”比较常见;当我们说话比较准确的时候就用“one”试比较: I Want to live for a hundred years. The journey took exactly one hundred days. e.我们常常说eleven hundred(1,100),twelve hundred(1,200)等,而不说one thous and one hundred.从1,100到1,900之间的整数,这种说法最常见。 5位以上数字的读法 11,234读作:eleven thousand two hundred(and),thirty—four 155,721读作:one hundred(and)fifly-fivethous and seven hundred(and)twenty-one 6,155,702读作:six million one hundred(and)fifly-five thous and seven

八年级上英语汉译英专项练习及答案

新版人教八年级上英语汉译英专项练习(方芳整理) 1 ? 1.这是我第一次到那儿。 . 2.你认为它怎么样? ? = ? 3.我实现在没有看到我喜欢的东西。 I ’t I . 4.一天的差异多么大啊! a a ! 5.然而没有人看起来很厌倦。 . 6.我想知道在过去这儿的生活是什么样子。 I . 7.一切都棒极了。 8.晚上除了读书以外无事可做。 . 9.雨下得很大。 . 10.由于这个坏天气,我们不能看见下面的任何东西。 , . 11.因为我是如此的饿,食物尝起来很好。 I ! 12.但是,第二天就没有那样好了。 . 13.从山顶上看,这个城市棒极了。 . 14.我们没有带伞,所以,我们全身又湿又冷。 ’t. 2 ? 1.我不能忍受牛奶 I ’t. 2.下面就是结果. 3.我们发现仅仅百分之十五的学生每天锻炼。 . 4.我们都知道很多学生经常上网,我们很吃惊他们中有百 分之九十的人每天上网。 , . 5.虽然很多学生喜欢看体育节目,但游戏节目依然是最受 欢迎的。 , . 6.通过上网或看游戏节目来放松很好,但是我们认为最好 的放松方法还是通过锻炼。 , . 7.对思想和身体都很健康。 ’s. 8.开始锻炼,为时不晚。 ’s! 9.旧习难改。 . 3 I’m . 1.的头发比的长 . = ’s. 2.现在的我比两年前更高了。 I’m I 2 I 2 I . 3.现在的我比两年前学习更努力了。 I I 2 . 4.两年前的我比现在学习更努力。 I 2 I . 5.谁更聪明,你的老爸还是老妈? , ? 6.妈妈告诉我好朋友像一面镜子。 a a . 7.那就是我为什么喜欢读书。

英语语言学名词解释(2)

现代语言学 一绪论 1. Linguistics: Linguistics is generally defined as the scientific study of language 2 Phonetics: The study of sounds which are used in linguistics communication is called phonetics. For example, vowels and consonants. 3 Phonology: The study of how sounds are put together and used in communication is called phonology.For example,phone,phoneme,and allophone. 4 Morphology :The study of the way in which morphemes are arranged to form words is called morphology.For example,boy and “ish”---boyish,teach---teacher. 5 Syntax : The study of how morphemes and words are combined to form sentences is called syntax.For esample,”John like linguistics.” 6 Semantics: The study of meaning in language is called semantics. For example,:The seal could not be found.The zoo keeper became worried.” The seal could not be found,The king became worried.” Here the word seal means different things. 7 Pragmatics: The study of meaning in context of use is called pragmatics.For example, “I do” The word do means different context. 8 Sociolinguistics: The study of language with reference to society is called sociolinguistics.For example,regional dialects,social variation in language. 9Psycholinguistics: The study of language with reference to workings of mind is called psycholinguistics. 二音系学 1 Phonetics: The study of sounds that are used in linguistic communication is called phonetics. 2 Phonology: The study of how sounds are put together and used in communication is called phonology. 3 Phone: Phone can be simply defined as the speech sounds we use when speaking a language. A phone is a phonetic unit or segement. It does not necessarily distinguish meaning; some do,some don’t. 4 Phoneme: Phonology is concerned with the speech sounds which distinguish meaning. The basic unit in phonology is called phoneme;it is a unit that is of distinctive value. 5 allophone: The different phones which can represent a phoneme in different phonetic environment are called the allophones of that phoneme. 6 Complementary distribution: These two allophones of the same phoneme are said to be in complementary distribution. 7 Minimal pair: When two different forms are identical in every way except for one sound segement which occurs in the same place in the stings, the two words are said to form a minimal pair. 8 Stress: When a certain syllable of a word is stressed, it means that the syllable is prounced with great force than the other or others. 9 tones: Tones are pitch variation, which are caused by the different rates of vibration of the vocal cords. Pitch variations can distinguish meaning just like phoneme; therefore, the tone is a suprasegemental feature. 10 intonation: When pitch, stress and sound length are tied to the sentence rather than the word in isolation, they are collectively known as intonation. Intonation plays an important role in conveying meaning in almost every language,especially in a language like English{$isbest} 三形态学 1 morphology: Morphology is a branch of grammer which studies the internal structure of words and the rules by which words are formed. 2 inflectional morphology: Inflectional morphology studies the inflections of word-formation.

英语翻译中的数字表达

英语翻译中的数字表达 在汉英笔译和英语写作中,经常会遇到数字;哪些场合用单词表示,哪些场合用阿拉伯数字表示,往往使人难以确定,现行语法书中也极少涉及此类问题。 实际上,以英语为母语的国家,在书写数字时已形成几条约定俗成的规则,现总结如下供读者参考。 一. 英美等国的出版社在排版时遵循一条原则,即1至10用单词表示,10以上的数目用阿拉伯数字(也有的以100为界限),这条原则值得我们行文时借鉴。 Eg. That table measures ten feet by five. 那个工作台长10英尺,宽5英尺。Eg. The traditional pattern of classroom experience at the college level brings the professor and a group of 20 to 30 students together for a 45-to-50-minute class session two or three times a week. 由一个教授和十名学生每周会晤两三次,每次授课时间45到50分钟,是大学程度课堂教学的传统方式。 二. 人数用阿技伯数字表示显得更简洁明了,但不定数量、近似值用单词表示较恰当。 Eg. There are 203817 voters on the electoral rolls. 选举名单上有203817个投票人。 Eg. Nearly thirty thousand voters took part in this election. 近3万个投票人参加了这次选举。 三. 遇到日期、百分比、带单位的特殊数字,通常用阿拉伯数字。 Eg. Maximum swivel of table is l20. 工作台的最大回转角度是120度。 Eg. 3rd March l991或3 March l991; a discount of 5 percent(5%的折扣); Eg. purchased 7 yards of carpet(买7码地毯); Eg. ordered 2 pounds of minced steak (订购2磅剁碎的肉)。 如果涉及的数目和单位是不定数,可用单词表示。 Eg. about five miles per hour(每小时大约5英里) Eg. at least ten yards away(至少有10码远) Eg. hesitated for a moment or two(犹豫了片刻) Eg. I have warned you a hundred times(我已经警告你多少遍了)。 四. 在科技文章中,数字频繁出现,用阿拉伯数字比用单词陈述更有利。 Eg. The new engine has a capacity of 4.3 litres and a power out-put of 153 kilowatts at 4400 revolutions per minute. 这台新发动机的容积为4.3升,转速为每分钟4400转时输出功率是153千瓦。 Eg. We know that the weight of a cubic foot of air at 0oC and 76cm,pressure is 0.08l pound, or 12 cubic feet of air weigh a pound. 我们知道,1立方英尺的空气在0摄氏度和760毫米汞柱压力下,重量是0.81磅,也就是说12立方英尺空气的重量是1磅。 五. 句首不用阿拉伯数字,句末要尽量避免用阿拉伯数字。 Eg. 4th July is an important date in American history.

八年级上英语汉译英专项练习及答案

新版人教八年级上英语汉译英专项练习(方芳整理) Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation? 1.这是我第一次到那儿。 It was my _________ __________ there. 2.你认为它怎么样? How did you ________ it? = What________ you _________ __________ it ? 3.我实现在没有看到我喜欢的东西。 I really didn’t see __________ I __________. 4.一天的差异多么大啊! What a ___________ a day ____________! 5.然而没有人看起来很厌倦。 Still ______ _______ seemed to be bored. 6.我想知道在过去这儿的生活是什么样子。 I __________ what life __________ like here ________ __________ _________. 7.一切都棒极了。 ______________ was great 8.晚上除了读书以外无事可做。 There was _____________ much _______ _______ in the evening but __________. 9.雨下得很大。 It was ____________ __________. 10.由于这个坏天气,我们不能看见下面的任何东西。 ___________ ________ the bad weather, we ________ see anything ________. 11.因为我是如此的饿,食物尝起来很好。 The food tasted great __________ I _________ so hungry! 12.但是,第二天就没有那样好了。 But the __________ day was not _______ good. 13.从山顶上看,这个城市棒极了。 The city looked ___________ from the _________ of the hill. 14.我们没有带伞,所以,我们全身又湿又冷。 We didn’t have an ___________ so we _____________ wet and cold. Unit 2 How often do you exercise? 1.我不能忍受牛奶I can’t ____________ milk. 2.下面就是结果Here ____________ the _____________. 3.我们发现仅仅百分之十五的学生每天锻炼。 We _______ that only fifteen ________ _____ our _________ exercise ______ day. 4.我们都知道很多学生经常上网,我们很吃惊他们中有百分之九十的人每天上 网。 We _____ know that many students ________ go _______, we were ________ that ninety percent of them _________ the __________ every day. 5.虽然很多学生喜欢看体育节目,但游戏节目依然是最受欢迎的。 ________ many students _____ _____ watch sports, game shows ______ _______ ______ _________. 6.通过上网或看游戏节目来放松很好,但是我们认为最好的放松方法还是通过锻 炼。 It is good to __________ by _________ the Internet or ________ game shows, but we _________ the __________ way ________ relax is ___________ ___________. 7.对思想和身体都很健康。 It’s _________ _______ the mind and the body. 8.开始锻炼,为时不晚。 So _________ _________ _________ it’s too late! 9.旧习难改。 Old ___________ die __________. Unit 3 I’m more outgoing than my sister. 1.Sam 的头发比Tom的长 Sam ______ _________ hair than ______. = Sam’s hair ______ longer than ______. 2.现在的我比两年前更高了。 I’m ________ now than I ________ 2 years ago I __________ __________ 2 years ago than I ________ now. 3.现在的我比两年前学习更努力了。 I _________ ___________ now than I _________ 2 years ago. 4.两年前的我比现在学习更努力。 I __________ __________ 2 years ago than I _________ now. 5.谁更聪明,你的老爸还是老妈? Who is __________, your mother or your father? 6.妈妈告诉我好朋友像一面镜子。

英语语言学名词解释

Chapter 12 : Lan guage And Brain 1. n euroli nguistics: It is the study of relati on ship betwee n brain and Ian guage. It in eludes research into how the structure of the brain in flue nces Ian guage lear ning, how and in which parts of the brain Ian guage is stored, and how damage to the brain affects the ability to use Ian guage. 2. psycholinguistics: ____ t he study of Ian guage process in g. It is concerned with the processes of Ian guage acqisiti on, comprehe nsion and product ion. 3. brain lateralizati on: The localizatio n of cog nitive and perceptive fun cti ons in a particular hemisphere of the brain. 4. dichotic listening: A technique in which stimuli either linguistic or non-linguistic are presented through headphones to the left and right ear to determine the lateralization of cog nitive fun cti on. 5. right ear advantage: ___ The phe nomenon that the right ear shows an adva ntage for the perception of linguistic signals id known as the right ear advantage. 6. split brain studies: The experiments that investigate the effects of surgically severing the corpus callosum on cog niti on are called as split brain studies. 7. aphasia: It refers to a number of acquired Ianguage disorders due to the cerebral lesions caused by a tumor, an accide nt and so on. 8. non- flue nt aphasia: Damageto parts of the brain in front of the cen tral sulcus is called non-flue nt aphasia. 9. flue nt aphasia: Damage to parts of the left cortex beh ind the cen tral sulcus results in a type of aphasia called flue nt aphasia. 10. Acquired dyslexia: Damage in and around the an gular gyrus of the parietal lobe ofte n causes the impairment of reading and writing ability, which is referred to as acquired dyslexia. 11. phono logical dyslexia: ___ it is a type of acquired dyslexia in which the patie nt seems to have lost the ability to use spelli ng-to-so und rules. 12. surface dyslexia: it is a type of acquired dyslexia in which the patie nt seems un able to recog nize words as whole but must process all words through a set of spell in g-to-so und rules. 13. spo on erism: a slip of ton gue in which the positi on of soun ds, syllables, or words is reversed, for example, Let' s have chish and fips instend of Let' s have fish and chips. 14. prim ing: the process that before the participa nts make a decisi on whether the stri ng of letters is a word or not, they are prese nted with an activated word. 15. freque ncy effect: Subjects take less time to make judgeme nt on freque ntly used words tha n to judge less com monly used words . This phe nomenon is called freque ncy effect.

2019中考英语知识点:数词特殊数字的表示法

2019中考英语知识点:数词特殊数字的表示法各位读友大家好,此文档由网络收集而来,欢迎您下载,谢谢 新一轮复习备考周期正式开始,为各位初三考生整理了各学科的复习攻略,主要包括中考必考点、中考常考知识点、各科复习方法、考试答题技巧等内容,帮助各位考生梳理知识脉络,理清做题思路,希望各位考生可以在考试中取得优异成绩!下面是《英语知识点:数词特殊数字的表示法》,仅供参考! 数词特殊数字的表示法 年月日表示法 1.年代年代前用in. 897 读作eight hundred and ninety-seven 1961 读作nineteen sixty-one 1905 读作nineteen and five 1800 读作eighteen hundred

2.月份月份开头第一个字母须大写,表示“在某月”时,月份前面用in.下面月份后附有缩写式。 January Jan. March Mar. December Dec. 3.日期用序数词表示;“ 在某日”,前面用介词on. the firstthe eighteenththe thirty-second 4.某年某月某日 in on May 17,1960 on ,1949 注:当年月日完全用数字表示时,美国人把月放在日前。8,6,79在英国表示June the eighth ,但是在美国却表示August the sixth 。 时刻表示法 1.英语通常用at所引导的表示时刻。如: six or six o‘clock eight or eight o‘clock 2.如说几点几分,用下面的方法 a)表示几点过几分,用介词,但分数

最新英语语言学超强总结

语言学总结 一、语言和语言学 1、语言的区别性特征:Design of features of language 任意性arbitrariness 指语言符号和它代表的意义没有天然的联系 二重性duality 指语言由两层结构组成 创造性creativity 指语言可以被创造 移位性displacement 指语言可以代表时间和空间上不可及的物体、时间、观点 2、语言的功能(不是很重要) 信息功能informative 人际功能interpersonal 施为功能performative 感情功能emotive function 寒暄功能phatic communication 娱乐功能recreational function 元语言功能metalingual function 3、语言学主要分支 语音学phonetics 研究语音的产生、传播、接受过程,考查人类语言中的声音 音位学phonology 研究语音和音节结构、分布和序列 形态学morphology 研究词的内部结构和构词规则 句法学syntax 研究句子结构,词、短语组合的规则 语义学semantics 不仅关心字词作为词汇的意义,还有语言中词之上和之下的意义。如语素和句子的意义 语用学pragmatics 在语境中研究意义 4、宏观语言学macrolingustics 心理语言学psycholinguistics 社会语言学sociolinguistics 人类语言学anthropological linguistics 计算机语言学computational linguistics 5语言学中的重要区别 规定式和描写式:规定式:prescriptive说明事情应该是怎么样的 描写式:descriptive 说明事情本来是怎么样的 共时研究和历时研究:共时:synchronic 研究某个特定时期语言 历时:diachronic 研究语言发展规律 语言和言语:语言:langue指语言系统的整体 言语:parole指具体实际运用的语言 语言能力和语言运用:乔姆斯基(chomsky提出) 能力:competence用语言的人的语言知识储备 运用:performance 真实的语言使用者在实际中的语言使用 二、语音学 1、语音学分支 发音语音学articulatory phonetics研究语言的产生 声学语言学acoustic phonetics 研究语音的物理属性 听觉语音学auditory phonetics 研究语言怎样被感知 2 IPA(国际音标)是由daniel Jones琼斯提出的

八年级上英语汉译英

U4T1 1你更喜欢植物还是动物? 2你在想什么? 3我正在想农村生活呢。 4因为那里的空气更新鲜,天更蓝,河流更清澈。 5我认为农村比城市更安静。 6人们可以在那儿享受自然之美。 7我每年都去那儿过暑假。 8农场里最强壮的动物是什么? 9我认为羊是所有动物中最吸引人的。 10猪一定是农场里最肥最懒的动物。 11猫在追一只老鼠,狗在和兔子玩。 12我认为动物更友好。 13我认为玫瑰花是所有花中最漂亮的。 14我最喜欢猫因为它们比其他动物更可爱。 15我既喜欢植物也喜欢动物。正如我们所知,动物和植物对我们都很重要。我们和它们共同拥有这个世界。 16热带雨林覆盖了地球表面6%的面积。 17它们为数千种动植物提供了生存场所,这些动植物是地球上其他地方所没有的。 18成千上万的动植物栖息在热带雨林中。 19森林中的植物有助于空气更清新更干净。 20它们对调节气候起到了重要作用。 21如果没有雨林,许多漂亮的动植物会灭绝。

22雨林给我们提供木材,食物,水果,药材和许多其他更有用的东西。 U4T2 1我们如何在地震中保护自己? 2一些人遇难还有很多人失踪。 3听到这个消息我很难过。 4我想2008年发生在汶川的地震比这次更严重。 5你们听说了发生在青海玉树的地震吗? 6这是一次7.1级的地震。 7当我得知这个消息时我很难过。 8许多孩子失去了家,而且不能去上学。 9跑出去会更危险。 10你认为我们应该待在桌子下吗? 11记住,最重要的事是保持冷静。 12康康,你怎么了? 13了解一些保护自己的方法将有助于你在地震中安然无恙。 14记住用你的胳膊保护头和脖子。 15远离窗户,高的家具和照片或者任何可能砸中你的东西。 16要特别当心掉落的电线。 17地震在什么时候会非常严重? 18在地震中要记住的最重要的事是什么? 19你知道在地震中保护自己的更多的方式吗? 20乘电梯关掉煤气和灯从窗户跳出来遮住脸并离开

英语语言学部分名词解释(英文版)

1. Linguistics: Linguistics is generally defined as the scientific study of language. 2. general linguistics: The study of language as a whole. 3. applied linguistics: the application of linguistic theories and principles to language teaching, especially the teaching of foreign and second languages. 4. prescriptive: If linguistic study aims to lay down rules for “correct and standard” behavior in using language, ,it is said to be prescriptive.( i.e. to tell people what they should and should not say). 5. descriptive: If a linguistic study aims to describe and analyze the language people actually use, it is said to be descriptive.(09C) 6. synchronic study: The description of language at some point of time in history is a synchronic study. (06C/ 04) 7. diachronic study: It’s a historical study of language,it studies the historical development of language over a period of time. (06C) 8. langue: Lange refers to the abstract linguistic system shared by all the members of a speech community. 9. parole :Parole refers to the realization of langue in actual use. 10. competence : The ideal user’s knowledge of the rules of his language.(08F/09C)linguistic competence: universally found in the grammars of all human languages, syntactic rules comprise the system of internalized linguistic knowledge of a language speaker. 11. performance : The actual realization of this knowledge in linguistic communication. 12. language : Language is a system of arbitrary vocal symbols used for human communication. 13. design features : Design features refer to the defining properties of human language that distinguish it from any animal system of communication. 14. arbitrariness: Arbitrariness refers to there is no logical connection between meanings and sounds.(08C) 15. productivity: Language is creative in that it makes possible the construction and interpretation of new signals by it’s users. 16. duality(double articulation): Language consists of two sets of structure, with lower lever of sound, which is meaningless, and higher lever of meaning.

语言学(第五版) 笔记 重点

第一章 1.What is language? Language is a system of arbitrary vocal symbols used for human communication 2.Design features of language ①Arbitrariness(任意性)refers to the forms of linguistic signs bear no natural relationship to their meaning. (sounds and meanings) ②Duality(二层性):The property of having two levels of structures, such that units of the primary level are composed of elements of the secondary level and each of the two levels has its own principles of organization. ③Productivity/creativity(创造性):Language is productive in that it makes possible the construction and interpretation of new signals by its users. ④Displacement(移位性):Human Languages enable their users to symbolize objects, events and concepts which are not present (in time and space) at moment of communication. (p7) 3.Functions of language ①Informative(信息功能): to give information about facts. (ideational) ②Interpersonal(人际功能): to establish and maintain social status in a society.(age, sex, language, background, accent, status) ③Performative(施为功能) : language is used to do things, to perform certain actions. (name, promise, apologize, sorry, declare) ④. Emotive/Expressive(情感功能): to express feelings and attitudes of the speaker. ⑤Phatic communion(寒暄交流) : to use small and meaningless expressions to establish a comfortable relationship or maintain social contact between people without any factual content. (health, weather) ⑥Recreational function(娱乐): the use of language for sheer joy. (lyrics, poetry) ⑦Metalingual function(元语言功能): to talk about language itself. 4. What is linguistics? Linguistics is generally defined as the scientific study of language. 5. Important distinctions in linguistics Descriptive & prescriptive Synchronic & diachronic Langue & parole Competence & performance 6.Descriptive(描写/述性)—describe and analyze linguistic facts or the language people actually use (modern linguistic) Prescriptive(规定性)—lay down rules for“correct and standard”linguistic behavior in using language (traditional grammar:“never use a double negative”) 7.Synchronic study(共时)—description of a language at some point of time (modern linguistics) Diachronic study (历时)—description of a language as it changes through time (historical development of language over a period of time) 第四章 1.What is Syntax(句法)? Syntax is the study of the rules governing the ways different constituents are combined to form

相关主题