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高中英语语法_倒装句复习讲解练习

高中英语语法_倒装句复习讲解练习
高中英语语法_倒装句复习讲解练习

高中英语语法倒装句复习讲解练习

时间:2009年02月12日作者:匿名来源:网络(一)倒装句的意义

1、适应一定的语法结构的需要,主要是指疑问句句型结构的需要。

e.g. May I come in?

Was the People’s Liberation Army founded in 1927?

2、为了强调某一部分,而把这部分放到句首,构成倒装。

e.g. Never have I been late for school this term.

So early did he come to school that no other students came.

(二)倒装的使用情况

1、在“there be” 结构里,there是引导词,主语在be后。

e.g. There is a box on the table.

2、在疑问句中。

e.g. Is she singing in the classroom?

What does your mother do?

3、在here, there等副词开头的某些句子里(要用一般现在时态)。如果主语是人称代词,主语和主要动词的词序不变。(完全倒装)

e.g. There goes the bell.

Here is an apple for you.

There she comes.

4、重复倒装句型,用在以so, nor, neither开头,表示谓语所述的情况也适用于另一个人或一事物的肯定或否定句中。so用于肯定句,表示“也一样”、“也这样”;nor, neither用于否定句,表示“同样也不,也不这样”。

e.g. I am watching TV. So is she.

My parents didn’t watch TV last night. Neither (Nor) did I.

5、直接引语的全部或一部分放在句首时,主句中的主谓也常直接倒装。(完全倒装)

e.g. “Very well,” said the French student.

“Bring me two eggs and a cup of tea, please.” said he.

6、在以never, little, hardly, not only, few, not, seldom等否定副词开头的句子中,采用部分倒装。如不放在句首就不要倒装。

e.g. Little did he say at the meeting.

Never shall I forget the day when I joined the Army.

比较:I shall never forget the day when I joined the Army.

7、用于以only所修饰的副词、介词短语或状语从句的句子中。

e.g. Only when the war was over in 1918 was he able to get happily back to wrk.

Only in this way can we learn English well.

注意:如果only后的词组不是状语,不需倒装。

e.g. Only Wang Lili knows this.

8、为了表达生动,有时把表地点、方位的副词,如 up, down, out, away, in等放在句首,同时把谓语动词放在主语之前。若主语为人称代词,主语和谓语动词的位置不变,只将副词放在句首。(完全倒装)

e.g. Away hurried the boy.

Out rushed the girl.

9、在虚拟结构中,条件从句的谓语含有were, had 和should这三个词是,可省去if,将这些词移至主语之前。

e.g. Had I time (= If I had time), I would go and help you.

Were I you (= If I were you), I would go abroad.

Should he come (=If he should come), tell him to ring me up.

10、as引导让步状语从句时要倒装(形容词/ 副词/ 名词/ 动词 + as + 主语 + 谓语)。

e.g. Proud as they are, they are afraid to see me.

Child as he is, he seems to know everything.(child前不加冠词)

Hard as he worded, he made little progress.

11、用于某些表示祝愿的句子里。

e.g. May you succeed!

Long live the People’s Republic of China!

12、So + 形容词、副词及such 置于句首时要倒装。

So happy did he feel. Such was me.

练习:倒装句

1. Not until I began to work ____ how much time I had wasted.

A. didn’t I realize

B. did I

realize C. I didn’t

realize D. I realized

2. Only by practising a few hours every day ____ be able to master the language.

A. you can

B. can

you C. you

will D. will you

3. If you don’t go, neither ____.

A. shall I

B. do

I C. I

do D. I shall

4. No sooner ____ to the station ____ the train left.

A. had I got, when

B. I had got, than

C. had I got, than

D. did I get, when

5. ---- Your father is very strict with you. ---- ____. He never lets off a single mistake of ours

A. So he is

B. So is

he C. He is

so D. So does he

6. ____ today, he would get there by Sunday.

A. Would he leave

B. Was he leaving

C. Were he to leave

D. If he leave

7. Never in my life ____ such a

thing. A. I have heard or have seen

B. have I heard or seen

C. I have heard or

seen D. did I hear or see

8. ---- Here ____! Where is Xiao Liu? ---- There ____.

A. comes the bus, is he

B. comes the bus, he is

C. the bus comes, is he

D. the bus comes, he is

9. ____ , I will not buy it.

A. Much as do I like it

B. As much I like it

C. Much as I like it

D. As I like it much

10. ---- I like football. I don’t like

volleyball. ---- ____.

A. So do I

B. Neither do

I C. So it is with me D. So is it with me

11._____ the expense, I _____ to Italy.

A. If it were not,

go B. Were it not for, would go

C. Weren't it for, will

go D. If it hadn t been, would have gone

12. So _____ in the darkness that he didn' t dare to move an inch.

A. he was frightened

B. was he frightened

C. frightened he was

D. frightened was he

13.—In modem times, girls like beautiful clothes.

—Yes, _____ and boys. After all, our life has greatly improved.

A. so do they; so do

you B. so they do; so you do

C. so do they; so you do

D. so they do; so do you

14.—You have an English class every day except Sunday. --- _____.

A. So we have

B. So we do

C. So have

we D. So do we

15.1 wonder if your wife will go to the ball. If your wife _____, so _____ mine.

A. does; will

B.will; does

C.will;

would D.does; do

16. Only after I read the text over again _____ its main idea.

A. that I knew

B.did I knew

C. 1 could know

D.

I did know

17.—You seem to have learned all the English words by heart.

A.Sol

do B.Sodol C. So I have D. So have 1

18. —I seldom watch TV, but listen to the radio a lot.

A. So do I

B. Neither do I

C. I m the same

D. So it is with me

19. So excited _____ that he couldn't say a word.

A. he seemed

B. did he seem

C. was he seeming

D. he did look

20. Jimmy was so nervous not a single word _____ down in the dictation.

A. he wrote

B. he was written

C. did he

write D. was he written

21. Little ______ when 1 took the trip where it would lead me.

A. have I known

B. had I known

C. do 1 know

D. did I know

22. —Have you ever seen anything like that before? —____.

A. No, I never have seen anything like that before

B. No, never I have seen anything like that before

C. No, never have 1 seen anything like that before

D. No, I have seen anything like that before never

23. _____ , 1 would accept the invitation and go to the party.

A. Were I you

B. Was I you

C. Had I been you

D. Would 1 be you

24. You should work less _____.

A. and neither should I

B. and so should I

C. and nor should I

D. and so I should

25. _____ and caught the mouse.

A. Up the cat jumped

B. The cat up jumped

C. Up jumped the cat

D. Jumped up the cat

26. Not only _____ a promise, but also he kept it.

A. did he make

B. he made

C. does he

make D. has he made

27. His uncle is a worker and has been working in the factory for more than ten years. _____.

A. So is his aunt

B. So has his aunt

C. So his aunt does

D. So it is with his aunt

28. Not once _____ their plan.

A. did they change

B. they changed

C. changed they

D. they did change

29.—Do you know Jim quarreled with his brother? —I don't know, and ______ .

A. nor don't I care

B. nor do I care

C. I don't care neither

D. I don't care also

30. Not until he arrived home _____ he find that this wallet had been stolen.

A. did

B. would

C.

when D. that

31. —This is one of the oldest trees in the world. —_____ such a big tree.

A. Never I have seen

B. I haven't never seen

C. Never have I seen

D. I have seen never

32. Nowhere else in the world _____ cheaper tailoring(裁缝业, 成衣业)than in Hong Kong.

A. a tourist can find

B. can a tourist find

C. a tourist will find

D. a tourist has found

33. _____ succeed in doing anything.

A. Only by working hard we can

B. By only working hard we can

C. Only we can by working hard

D. Only by working hard can we

34. _____ that we all went out, lying in the sun.

A. So fine was the weather

B. So was the fine weather

C. The weather was so fine was

D. So the weather was tine

35. ____ a nice man ____ that we all believe him.

A. So; did he seem

B. So; he seemed

C. Such; he seemed

D. Such; did he seem

36. —You seem to be an actor. —_____. I have played many parts in a lot of films.

A. So do I

B. So am I

C. So I do

D. So I am

37. Not only ____ working hard, but also ____ very polite.

A. the boy is; he is

B. is the boy; he is

C. the boy is; is he

D. is the boy; is he

38. _____ , he never seems able to do the work beautifully.

A. Try as he does

B. As he tries

C. Try as does he

D. As try he does

39.—I cannot see the picture well from here. — _____.

A. Neither can t I

B. Neither I can

C. I can't neither

D. Neither can I

40.— You ought to have given them some advice —_____, but who cared what I asked?

A. So ought you

B. So 1 ought

C. So it was

D. So I did

41. So carelessly _____ that he almost killed himself.

A. he drives

B. does he drive

C. did he drive

D. he drove

42. Little _____ about his own health though he was very ill.

A. he cared

B. did he care

C. he

cares D. does he care

43. Well ____ know him and well ____ know me.

A. I did; he did

B. did I; he

did C. did I; did he D. I did; did he

44. No sooner ____ they rushed out into the street.

A. did they hear the news than

B. did they hear the news when

C. had they heard the news than

D. had they heard the news when

45. Little wonder _____ up their hands in dismay.

A. have some thrown

B. some have thrown

C. thrown some have

D. have thrown some

46. _____ , he would have passed the exam.

A. If he were to study

B. If he studied hard

C. Had he studied hard

D. Should he study hard

47. We were lucky enough, for no sooner _____ home _____ it rained.

A. we returned;

and

B. we had returned; when

C.did we return;

when D. had we returned; than

48. So little _____ agree on the plan that they could not settle their difference.

A. did they

B. do they

C. they

did D. they did not

49. _____ he realized it was too late to return home.

A. No sooner it grew dark than

B. Hardly did it grow dark when

C. It was not until dark that

D. It was until dark that

参考答案

语法复习七:倒装句

1~5 BDACA 6~10 CBBCC 11~15 BDDBA 16~20 BADBC 21~25 DCABC

26~30 ADABA 31~35 CBDAD 36~40 DBADD 41~45 CBCCB 46~49 CDAC

你要问整个使用方法那我只好在网上帮你找了:

使用方法:

反意疑问句前后两部分谓语应是,“肯定陈述+否定疑问”或“否定陈述+肯定疑问”

简略问句如果是否定式,not应与be,do,will等系动词、助动词、情态动词缩写

简略问句的主语不用名词,应用人称代词

当说话者的目的不在疑问,而是为了加强语气时,用降调

当说话者的目的在疑问,则用升调

陈述部分含“too...to”时,是否定句

1) 陈述部分的主语是I,疑问部分要用aren't I.

I'm as tall as your sister,aren't I?

(我和你姐姐一样高,对吗?)

2) 陈述部分的谓语是wish,疑问部分要用may +主语。

I wish to have a word with you, may I?

(我希望可以和你说话,可以吗?)

3) 陈述部分用no, nothing, nobody, never, few, seldom, hardly, rarely, little等否定含义的词时,疑问部分用肯定含义。

The Swede made no answer, did he / she?

Some plants never blown (开花), do they ?

4) 含有ought to 的反意疑问句,陈述部分是肯定的,疑问部分用shouldn't / oughtn't +主语。

He ought to know what to do, oughtn't he? / shouldn't he?

5) 陈述部分有have to +v. (had to + v.),疑问部分常用don't +主语(didn't +主语)。We have to get there at eight tomorrow, don't we?

6) 陈述部分的谓语是used to 时,疑问部分用didn't +主语或usedn't +主语。

He used to take pictures there, didn't he? / usedn't he?

7) 陈述部分有had better + v. 疑问句部分用hadn't you?

You'd better read it by yourself, hadn't you?

8) 陈述部分有would rather +v.,疑问部分多用wouldn't +主语。

He would rather read it ten times than recite it, wouldn't he?

9) 陈述部分有You'd like to +v. 疑问部分用wouldn't +主语。

You'd like to go with me, wouldn't you?

10) 陈述部分有must 的疑问句,疑问部分根据实际情况而定。

He must be a doctor, isn't he?

You must have studied English for three years, haven't you? / didn't you?

He must have finished it yesterday, didn't he?

11) 感叹句中,疑问部分用be +主语。

What colours, aren't they?

What a smell, isn't it?

12) 陈述部分由neither… nor, either… or 连接的并列主语时,疑问部分根据其实际逻辑意义而定。

Neither you nor I am engineer, are we?

13) 陈述部分主语是指示代词或不定代词everything, that, nothing, this, 疑问部分主语用it。

Everything is ready, isn't it?

14) 陈述部分为主语从句或并列复合句

a. 并列复合句疑问部分,谓语动词根据邻近从句的谓语而定。

Mr. Smith had been to Beijing for several times, he should have been in China now, shouldn't he?

b. 带有定语从句,宾语从句的主从复合句,疑问部分谓语根据主句的谓语而定:

He is not the man who gave us a talk, is he?

He said he wanted to visit Japan, didn't he?

c. 上述部分主句谓语是think, believe, expect, suppose, imagine等引导的宾语从句,疑问部分与宾语从句相对应构成反意疑问句。

I don't think he is bright, is he?

We believe she can do it better, can't she?

但此时主语必须是第一人称

如果不是则不能否定从句

如He thought they were wrong,didn't he?

而不能说weren't they?

15) 陈述部分主语是不定代词everybody, anyone, somebody, nobody, no one等,疑问部分常用复数they,有时也用单数he.

Everyone knows the answer, don't they? (does he?)

Nobody knows about it, do they? (does he?)

16) 带情态动词dare或need的反意疑问句,疑问部分常用need (dare ) +主语。

We need not do it again, need we ?

He dare not say so, dare you/he?

当dare, need 为实义动词时,疑问部分用助动词do + 主语。

She doesn't dare to go home alone, does she?

17) 省去主语的祈使句的反意疑问句,疑问部分用will you。

Don't do that again, will you?

Go with me, will you / won't you ?

注意:Let's 开头的祈使句,后用shall we(或用shan't we) ?

Let us 开头的祈使句,后用will you(或won't you)?

Let's go and listen to the music, shall we(或用shan't we)?

Let us wait for you in the reading-room, will you (或won't you)?

18) 陈述部分是"there be"结构的,疑问部分用there省略主语代词。

There is something wrong with your watch, isn't there?

There will not be any trouble, will there?

19) 否定前缀不能视为否定词,其反意疑问句仍用否定形式。

It is impossible, isn't it?

He is not unkind to his classmates, is he?

20) must在表"推测"时,根据其推测的情况来确定反意疑问句。

He must be there now, isn't he?

It must be going to rain tomorrow, won't it?

21)当主句是由so引起的一个句子,而且译为“这么说来”时,疑问部分的谓语形式(肯定或否定)应与主句保持一致。

So you have seen the film, have you?

So he has not been to Beijing ,hasn't he?

『补:Let's和Let us的区别』

◇1.Let's是Let us的缩写。包括说话人和听话人双方在内,含有催促、建议或请对方一起行动的意思。在听话人表示赞同建议时可只用Let's.如:

---Shall we go by train?

---Yes,let's.

◇2.当请求对方允许自己(第一人称复数)做某事时,要用Let us,这里的us 不包括听话对方在内,不能缩写为Let's.

如两个同学对老师说:

Please let us remove the bookshelf for you.

让我俩给你移动一下书架。

◇3.两者在构成附加疑问句时,方法不同。如:

Let's go to see the film,shall we ?

咱们去看电影,好吗?

Let us go to see the film,will you?

让我们去看电影,好吗?

『当陈述句部分有情态动词must时,反意疑问部分有四种情况』

(1)must表示“必须、禁止“时,反意疑问部分要用must (mustn’t) 。

例You mustn’t stop your car here, must you? 你不能把车停在这地方,知道吗?

(2)must表示“有必要”时,反意疑问句部分要用needn’t。

例They must finish the work today, needn’t they? 他们今天必须要完成这项工作,是吗?

(3)当must用来表示对现在的情况进行“推测”时,反意疑问部分要根据must后面的动词采用相应的形式。

例He must be good at maths, isn’t he? 他数学一定学得很好,是吗?

(4)当must用来表示对过去的情况进行“推测”(must + have done)时,如强调对过去情况的推测(一般句中有过去的时间状语),反意疑问句部分要用“didn’t + 主语”;如果强调动作的完成(一般没有过去时间状语),反意疑问句部分要用“haven’t / hasn’t + 主语”。例She must have read the novel last week, didn’t she? 她上星期一定读了这本小说了,是吗?

You must have told her about it, haven’t you? 你一定把这事告诉她了,是吗

快速记忆表

陈述部分的谓语疑问部分

I aren't I

Wish may +主语

no,nothing,nobody,never,

few, seldom, hardly, 肯定含义

rarely, little等否定

含义的词

ought to(肯定的)shouldn't/ oughtn't +主语

have to+v.(had to+v.) don't +主语(didn't +主语)

used to didn't +主语或usedn't +主语

had better + v. hadn't you

would rather + v. wouldn't +主语

you'd like to + v. wouldn't +主语

must 根据实际情况而定

感叹句中be +主语

Neither…nor,

either…or 连接的根据其实际逻辑意义而定

并列主语

指示代词或不定代词

everything,that, 主语用it

nothing,this

并列复合句谓语根据邻近从句的谓语而定

定语从句,宾语从句的

主从复合句根据主句的谓语而定

think,believe,expect,

suppose,imagine等引导与宾语从句相对应的从句

everybody,anyone,

somebody,nobody,no one 复数they, 单数he

情态动词dare或need need (dare ) +主语

dare, need 为实义动词do +主语

省去主语的祈使句will you/won't you/can't you?

Let's 开头的祈使句Shall we?

Let us 开头的祈使句Will you?

there be 相应的谓语动词+there(省略主语代词)

否定前缀不能视为否定词仍用否定形式

must表"推测" 根据其推测的情况来确定反意疑问句

反意疑问句的回答

对反意疑问句的回答,无论问题的提法如何,如果事实是肯定的,就用yes,事实是否定的,就要用no。要特别注意陈述句部分是否定结构,反意疑问句部分用肯定式提问时,回答yes或no与汉语正好相反。这种省略回答的yes要译成“不”,no要译成“是”。

例---He likes playing football, doesn’t he? 他喜欢踢足球,不是吗?

---Yes, he does. / No, he doesn’t. 不,他喜欢。/ 是他不喜欢。

---His sister didn’t attend the meet ing, did she? 他妹妹没有参加会议,是吗?

---Yes, she did. / No, she didn’t. 不,她参加了。/ 是的,她没参加

若be动词后是never//few//little,后面的动词仍用肯定形式

反意疑问句是英文中常见的一种句型,它提出情况或看法,询问对方同意与否,被广泛应用于英语口语。反意疑问句通常由两部分构成:前一部分用陈述句的形式(statement),后一部分是一个附着在前一部分上的简短问句(也叫tag question)。所附简短问句中的主语和谓语与陈述句的保持一致,而且两部分的时态要一致。反意疑问句有四种类型:(1)肯定陈述+否定简短问句;(2)否定陈述+肯定简短问句;(3)肯定陈述+肯定简短问句;(4)否定陈述+否定简短问句。其中,前两种运用最为广泛。除此之外,反意疑问句还有“祈使句+简短问句”的形式,这种用法通常用于减弱祈使语气。如: Carry this parcel for me, can you? 给我拿一下包,好吗?

反意疑问句的构成有以下几点特殊情况须注意:

1.当陈述句的主语是everyone, everybody, someone, somebody时,简短问句中的主语通常用they。如果陈述句的主语是非人称的复合词,如everything, something, anything, 则简短问句中相应的人称代词是单数的中性词it。例如:

Somebody borrowed my coat yesterday, didn’t they?

Nobody came, did they?

Everyone thinks they’re the center of the universe, don’t they?

Nothing can stop us now, can it?

2.当陈述句是表示存在的句子时,简短问句用there 作形式主语。例如:

There isn’t a book on the table, is there?

There’s something wrong, isn’t there?

There won’t be any trouble, will there?

3.如果陈述句中包含有如下的否定或半否定词, 如seldom, hardly, never, rarely,little, few, nowhere, nothing,则简短问句通常用肯定形式。但如果陈述句中仅包含有否定前缀,则简短问句中用否定形式。例如:

He was unsuccessful, wasn’t he?

The rules are invariable, aren’t they?

He seldom pays more attention to his pronunciation, does he?

He hardly knows anything about computer, does he?

Tom has little knowledge of how to spend money, does he?

4.陈述句中是I am时,简短问句则用aren’t I。例如:

I am an excellent English speaker, aren’t I?

I am late, aren’t I ?

5.陈述句中是非限定人称代词one时,正式文体中,简短问句的主语为one,而非正式文体中用you。例如:

One must be honest, mustn’t one?

6.含有宾语从句的主从复合句的反意疑问句中,简短问句一般反映主句中主、谓之间的关系。但如果主句是I think, I suppose, I believe, I suspect, I imagine 等时,则简短问句反映的是that从句中主语与谓语之间的关系。例如:

They agreed that the United States shouldn’t make a war on Iraq, didn’t they?

I suppose (that) he is serious, isn’t he?

注意:否定词移位的情况,如:

I don’t suppose (that) he is serious, is he?

7.如果陈述句的谓语动词是have (当“拥有”讲时), 简短问句可用have形式或用do形式。例如:

You have a nice house, haven’t/don’t you?

但如果陈述句是否定形式时,简短问句中动词的选择则由陈述句中的动词形式而定。例如:He hasn’t a house of his own, has he?

He doesn’t have a house of his own, does he?

如果陈述句中的动词have 表示“经历,遭受,得到,吃”的意思时,则简短问句中的动词用do的形式。例如:

You often have headaches, don’t you?

8.当陈述句的动词是ought to时,英国英语中简短问句用ought,而美国英语中则用should。

9.陈述句中的动词是used to时,简短问句可用used 的形式或did的形式。例如:

The Smi ths used to live in the countryside, usedn’t / didn’t they?

He didn’t use/used to tell lies, did he?

10.陈述句中动词为needn’t时,简短问句通常用need。例如:

You needn’t do it if you don’t want to, need you?

You needn’t have told him the news, need you?

11.陈述句中must后动词的类属和时态不同,反意疑问句也不同。例如:

The food must be good, isn’t it?

You must have read the book last month, didn't you?

You must see the doctor, needn’t you?(must表必要性,故用needn’t)

You mustn’t do that again, must you?(must表示“不可以”)

12.当陈述部分是一祈使句时,简短问句则通常为won’t you, would you, can you, can’t you, could you等,使语气婉转、客气。如果陈述部分的祈使句中含有第

一人称时,如Let’s do something, 则简短问句为shall we?例如:

Do sit down, won’t you?

Shut up, can you?

在否定的祈使句后,只能用will you。例如:

Don’t forget, will you?

13.当遇到宾语从句时候.一般反主句.但是以I think I believe. Isuppose ....开头的反从句

二、中文中的反意疑问句

简称反问句,是句式中的一种。表面上看,是疑问句;实际上说话者是在强调某种肯定或否定的答案,也就是明知故问。这类句式常和“难道”、“怎么”等词联接。通常答案就在句子当中.

比如:

1. "难道我会不知道?"----说话者是在强调自己是知道的。

2. "(难道)我有这么笨吗?"----说话者在强调自己并不笨。这里“难道”一词也可以省略。

3."数学真的这么难么?"----说话者在强调数学不难.

4."那怎么是一样的呢?"----说话者在强调那是不一样的。

5.我们难道要浪费时间吗?——强调要珍惜时间

6.你们怎能破坏环境呢? ——强调要保护环境

7.不是应该这样的吗?——强调应该这样

反问句结尾时正常用问号,而有些特殊的句子也可一用感叹号。

如:“得把他们抱过来,同死人待在一起怎么行!”意思就是说同死人待在一起不行,表示极度强调。

同英文中不同,回答这类问题往往是按照个人习惯

如:“数学真的这么难么?”

答:“不是,数学很简单。”

问:“那怎么是一样的呢?”

答:“是啊,那明明不一样。”

17

回答者:figoXXXXX

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