海运提单内容及条款制度
详细信息
名称：海运提单内容及条款制度
发布： 2008-9-11
简介：
1．必要记载事项
根据我国《海商法》第七十三条规定，提单正面内容，一般包括下列各项：
（1）货物的品名、标志、包数或者件数、重量或体积，以及运输危险货物时对危险性质的说明：（Description of the goods，mark，number of packages or piece，weight or quantity，and a statement，if applicable，as to the dangerous nature of the goods）；
（2）承运人的名称和主营业所（Name and principal place of business of the carrier）；
（3）船舶的名称（Name of the ship）；
（4）托运人的名称（Name of the shipper）；
（5）收货人的名称（Name of the consignee）；
（6）装货港和在装货港接收货物的日期（Port of loading and the date on Which the good were taken over by the carrier at the port of loading）；
（7）卸货港（Port of discharge）；
（8）多式联运提单增列接收货物地点和交付货物地点（Place where the goods were taken over and the place where the goods are to be delivered in case of a
multimodal transport bill of lading）；
（9）提单的签发日期、地点和份数（Date and place of issue of the bill of loading and the number of originals issued）；
（10）运费的支付（Payment of freight）；
（11）承运人或者其代表的签字（Signature of the carrier or of a person acting on his behalf）。
提单缺少前款规定的一项或者几项的，不影响提单的性质，但是，提单应当符合该法第七十一条的规定。
上述规定说明：缺少其中的一项或几项的，不影响提单的法律地位，但是必须符合海商法关于提单的定义和功能的规定。除在内陆签发多式联运提单时上述第三项船舶名称；签发海运提单时多式联运提单的接收货地点和交付货物的地点以及运费的支付这3项外，其他8项内容是必不可少的，目前各船公司制定的提单其内容与此相仿。
2．有关提单的国际公约对必要记载事项的规定
根据《海牙规则》第三条第三款的规定：在收到货物之后，承运人或船长或承运人的代理人，应依照托运人的请求签发给托运人提单，其上载有：
（1）与开始装货前由托运人书面提供者相同，为辨认货物所需的主要标志；
（2）由托运人书面提供的包数或件数，或者数量，或者重量；
（3）货物的表面状况。
另外，《海牙规则》第三条第四款还规定：“这种提单应当作为承运人依照第三款（1）、（2）、（3）项所述收到该提单中所载货物的表面证据。”
对《海牙规则》作出修改的《维斯比规则》，对《海牙规则》规定的必要记载事项未加以修改但对这些记载内容的证据效力，却作了修订，规定：“……但是，当提单已经转让给善意的第三方时，与此相反的证据不予采用。”这段对《海牙规则》规定的证据效力所作出的补充文字，在法律上为承运人规定了一项义务，即对于善意的第三方，承运人应对提单上所记载的有关货物的事项负责，不能以事实上货物未装船来抗辩。这样，提单上有关货物的记载就成为按照提单记载内容收到货物的最终证据了。
海运提单填写规范
海运提单的格式，每家船公司都有自己不同的格式，但各项栏目、内容基本一致。下面介绍海运提单的缮制及审核中注意事项。 1、Shipper，托运人。托运人也称发货人(Consignor)，是指委托运输的当事人。如信用证无特殊规定，应以受益人为托运人。如果受益人是中间商，货物是从产地直接装运的，这时也可以实际卖方为发货人，因为按UCP600规定，如信用证无特殊规定，银行将接受以第三者为发货人的提单。 2、Consignee，收货人。这是提单的抬头，是银行审核的重点项目。收货人栏的填写必须与信用证要求完全一致。如果是托收方式中的提单，本栏一般填“To order”或填“To order of shipper”均可，然后由发货人背书。 3、Notify party，被通知人。即买方的代理人，货到目的港时由承运人通知其办理报关提货等手续。如果信用证中有规定，应严格按信用证规定填写，如详细地址、电话、电传、传真号码等，以使通知顺利。如果来证中没有具体说明被通知人，那么就应将开证申请人名称、地址填入提单副本的这一栏中，而正本的这一栏保持空白或填写买方亦可。副本提单必须填写被通知人，是为了方便目的港代理通知联系收货人提货。 4、Pre-carriage by，前段运输；Port of transshipment，转船港；如果货物需转运，则在此两栏分别填写第一程船的船名和中转港口名称。如果货物不需转运，则这两栏空白。 5、Vessel，如果货物需转运，则在这栏填写第二程的船名；如果货物不需转运，则在这栏填写第一程船的船名。 6、Port of Lading，装运港。应严格按信用证规定填写。一些国外开来的信用证笼统规定装运港名称，仅规定为“中国港口”(Chinese ports, Shipment from China to…)，制单时应根据实际情况填写具体港口名称。如信用证同时列明几个装运港(地)，提单只填写实际装运的那一个港口名称。托收方式中的提单，本栏可按合同的买方名称填入。 7、Port of Discharge，卸货港(目的港)。根据实际情况填写具体港口名称。 8、Final destination，最终目的地。如果货物的目的地就是目的港，空白这一栏。 9、No. of Original B/L，正本提单的份数。出口商应按信用证规定来要求承运人签发正副本提单份数。并在交单议付时，应提交信用证要求的份数。 10、Mark & No.，标志和号码。俗称唛头。提单上的唛头应与发票等其他单据以及实际货物保持一致，否则会给提货和结算带来困难。 11、Number and kind of packages，件数和包装种类。本栏填写包装数量和包装单位。如果散装货物无件数时，可表示为“In bulk ”(散装)。包装种类一定要与信用证一致。 12、Description of goods，商品名称。商品名称应按信用证规定的品名以及其他单据如发票品名来填写。如果品名繁多、复杂，则银行接受品名描述用统称表示，但不得与信用证中货物的描述有抵触。 13、Gross Weight (kg)，毛重(公斤)。毛重应与发票或包装单相符。如裸装货物没有毛重只有净重，应先加Net weight 或N.W.，再注具体的净重数量。 14、Measurement，尺码。即货物的体积。以立方米为计量单位，小数点以下保留三位。FO B价格条件下可免填尺码。
空运提单的背面条款及其依据
空运提单的背面条款及其依据 提单的背面条款及其依据：在全式(LONGTERM)正本提单的背面，列有许多条款，其中主要有： 定义条款(DEFINITIONCLAUSE)--主要对“承运人”，“托运人”等关系人加以限定。 管辖权条款(JURISDICTIONCLAUSE)--指出当提单发生争执时，按照法律，某法院有审理和解决案件的权利。 责任期限条款(DURATIONOFLIABILLITY)--一般海运提单规定承运人的责任期限从货物装上船舶起至卸离船舶为止。集装箱提单则从承运人接受货物至交付指定收货人为止。 包装和标志(PACKAGESANDMARKS)--要求托运人对货物提供妥善包装和 正确清晰的标志。如因标志不清或包装不良所产生的一切费用由货方负责。运费和其他费用(FREIGHTANDOTHERCHARGES)--运费规定为预付的， 应在装船时一并支付，到付的应在交货时一并支付。当船舶和货物遭受任何灭失或损失时，运费仍应照付，否则，承运人可对货物及单证行使留置权。自由转船条款(TRANSHIPMENTCLAUSE)--承运人虽签发了直达提单，但 由于客观需要仍可自由转船，并不须经托运人的同意。转船费由承运人负担，但风险由托运人承担，而承运人的责任也仅限于其本身经营的船舶所完成的那段运输。 错误申报(INACCURACYINPARTICULARSFURNISHEDBYSHIPPER)--承 运人有权在装运港和目的港查核托运任申报的货物数量，重量，尺码与内容，如发现与实际不符，承运人可收取运费罚款。 承运人责任限额(LIMITOFLIABILITY)--规定承运人对货物灭失或损坏所造
海运提单及如何填制
海运提单主要项目填制说明如下： 1、托运人（Shipper）。即与承运人签订运输契约，委托运输的货主，即发
货人。在信用证支付方式下，一般以受益人为托运人；托收方式以托收的委托人为托运人。另外，根据《UCP500》第31条规定：除非信用证另有规定，银行将接受表明以信用证受益人以外的第三者为发货人的运输单据。 2、收货人（Consignee）。收货人要按合同和信用证的规定来填写。一般的填法有下列几种： （1）记名式：在收货人一栏直接填写上指定的公司或企业名称。该种提单不能背书转让，必须由收货人栏内指定的人提货或收货人转让。 （2）不记名式：即在收货人栏留空不填，或填“To Bearer”（交来人/持票人）。这种方式承运人交货凭提单的持有人，只要持有提单就能提货。 （3）指示式：指示式的收货人又分为不记名指示和记名指示两种。 不记名指示，是在收货人一栏填“To Bearer”，又称空白抬头。该种提单，发货人必须在提单背面背书，才能转让。背书又分为记名背书和不记名背书（空白背书）两种。前者是指在提单背面填上“Deliver to ×××”“Endorsed to ×××”，然后由发货人签章；后者是发货人在背面不做任何说明只签章即可。记名背书后，其货权归该记名人所有，而且该记名人不可以再背书转让给另外的人。不记名背书，货权即归提单的持有人。 记名指示，是在收货人一栏填“To Order of Shipper”，此时，发货人必须在寄单前在提单后背书；另外还有凭开证申请人指示即L/C中规定“To Order of Applicant”，在收货人栏就填““To Order of ×××Co”； 凭开证行指示，即L/C中规定“To Order of Issuing Bank”，则填“To Order of×××Bank”。 在实际业务中，L/C项下提单多使用指示式。托收方式，也普遍使用不记名指示式。若作成代收行指示式，事先要征得代收行同意。因为根据URC522中第10条ａ款规定：除非先征得银行同意，贷物不应直接运交银行，亦不应以银行或银行的提定人为收货人。如未经银行事先同意，贷物直接运交银行，或以银行的指定人为收货人，然后由银行付款或承兑后将货物交给付款人时，该银行并无义务提取货物，货物的风险和责任由发货人承担。 3．被通知人（Ｎotify Party）。原则上该栏一定要按信用证的规定填写。被通知人即收货人的代理人或提货人，货到目的港后承运人凭该栏提供的内容通知其办理提货，因此，提单的被通知人一定要有详细的名称和地址，供承运人或目的港及时通知其提货。若L/C中未规定明确地址，为保持单证一致，可在正本提单中不列明，但要在副本提单上写明被通知人的详细地址。托收方式下的被通知人一般填托收的付款人。 4.船名（Ocean Vessel）即由承运人配载的装货的船名，班轮运输多加注航次（V oy.No.）。 5.装运港（Port of Loading）。填实际装运货物的港名。L/C项下一定要符合L/C的规定和要求。如果L/C规定为“中国港口”（Chinese Port）此时不能照抄，而要按装运的我国某一港口实际名称填。 6、卸货港（Port of Discharge）。原则上，L/C项下提单卸货港一定要按L/C规定办理。但若L/C规定两个以上港口者，或笼统写“××主要港口”如“European Main Ports”（“欧洲主要港口”）时，只能选择其中之一或填明具体卸货港名称。 如果L/C规定卸货港名后有“In Tiansit to ××”只能在提单上托运人声
海运提单样本及中文解释
海运提单样本及中文解释 海运提单 海运提单主要项目填制说明如下: 1、托运人（Shipper）。即与承运人签订运输契约，委托运输的货主，即发货人。在信用证
支付方式下，一般以受益人为托运人；托收方式以托收的委托人为托运人。另外，根据《UCP500》第31条规定：除非信用证另有规定，银行将接受表明以信用证受益人以外的第三者为发货人的运输单据。 2、收货人（Consignee）。收货人要按合同和信用证的规定来填写。一般的填法有下列几种： （1）记名式：在收货人一栏直接填写上指定的公司或企业名称。该种提单不能背书转让，必须由收货人栏内指定的人提货或收货人转让。 （2）不记名式：即在收货人栏留空不填，或填“To Bearer”（交来人/持票人）。这种方式承运人交货凭提单的持有人，只要持有提单就能提货。 （3）指示式：指示式的收货人又分为不记名指示和记名指示两种。 不记名指示，是在收货人一栏填“To Bearer”，又称空白抬头。该种提单，发货人必须在提单背面背书，才能转让。背书又分为记名背书和不记名背书（空白背书）两种。前者是指在提单背面填上“Deliver to ×××”“Endorsed to ×××”，然后由发货人签章；后者是发货人在背面不做任何说明只签章即可。记名背书后，其货权归该记名人所有，而且该记名人不可以再背书转让给另外的人。不记名背书，货权即归提单的持有人。 记名指示，是在收货人一栏填“To Order of Shipper”，此时，发货人必须在寄单前在提单后背书；另外还有凭开证申请人指示即L/C中规定“To Order of Applicant”，在收货人栏就填““To Order of ××× Co”； 凭开证行指示，即L/C中规定“To Order of Issuing Bank”，则填“To Order of ×××Bank”。 在实际业务中，L/C项下提单多使用指示式。托收方式，也普遍使用不记名指示式。若作成代收行指示式，事先要征得代收行同意。因为根据URC522中第10条ａ款规定：除非先征得银行同意，贷物不应直接运交银行，亦不应以银行或银行的提定人为收货人。如未经银行事先同意，贷物直接运交银行，或以银行的指定人为收货人，然后由银行付款或承兑后将货物交给付款人时，该银行并无义务提取货物，货物的风险和责任由发货人承担。 3．被通知人（Ｎotify Party）。原则上该栏一定要按信用证的规定填写。被通知人即收货人的代理人或提货人，货到目的港后承运人凭该栏提供的内容通知其办理提货，因此，提单的被通知人一定要有详细的名称和地址，供承运人或目的港及时通知其提货。若L/C中未规定明确地址，为保持单证一致，可在正本提单中不列明，但要在副本提单上写明被通知人的详细地址。托收方式下的被通知人一般填托收的付款人。 4.船名（Ocean Vessel）即由承运人配载的装货的船名，班轮运输多加注航次（Voy.No.）。 5.装运港（Port of Loading）。填实际装运货物的港名。L/C项下一定要符合L/C的规定和要求。如果L/C规定为“中国港口”（Chinese Port）此时不能照抄，而要按装运的我国某一港口实际名称填。 6、卸货港（Port of Discharge）。原则上，L/C项下提单卸货港一定要按L/C规定办理。
海运提单练习题目1
1、根据信用证和补充资料的内容缮制提单 2、信用证部分条款 SEQUENCE OF TOTAL*27：1/1 FORM OF DOC，CREDIT*40A：IRREVOCABLE DOC.CREDIT NUMBER*20：33416852 DATE OF ISSUE31C：050112 DATE AND PLACE OF EXPIRY*31D：DATE050317PLACE IN THE COUNTRY OF BENEFICIARY APPLICANT*50：TKAMLA CORPORATION 6-7,KAWARA MACH,OSAKA,JAPAN ISSUING BANK52A：FUJI BANK LTD 1013,SAKULA OTOLIKINGZA MACHI,TOKYO,JAPAN BENEFICIARY*59：SHANGHAI TOOL IMPORT&EXPORT CO.,LTD 31,GANXIANG ROAD,SHANGHAI,CHINA AMOUNT*32B：CURRENCY USD AMOUNT12500.00 AV AILABLE WITH/BY*41D：ANY BANK IN CHINA BY NEGOTIATION DRAFTS AT…42C：DRAFTS AT SIGHT FOR FULL INVOICE COST DRAWEE42A：FUJI BANK LTD PARTIAL SHIPMENTS43P：PROHIBITED TRANSSHIPMENT43T：PROHIBITED LOADING ON BOARD44A：SHANGHAI FOR TRANSPORTATION TO…44B：OSAKA PORT LATEST DATE OF SHIPMENT44C：050316 DESCRIPT OF GOODS45A：COTTON BLANKETART NO.H666500PCS USD5.50/PC CIF OSAKA DOCUMENTS REQUIRED46A： +SIGNED COMMERCIAL INVOICE IN TRIPLICATE. +PACKING LIST IN TRIPLICATE IN TRIPLICATE +CERTIFICATE OF ORIGIN GSP CHINA FORM A,ISSUED BY THE CHAMBER OF COMMERCE OR OTHER AUTHORITY DULY ENTITLED FOR THIS PURPOSE. +3/3SET OF CLEAN ON BOARD OCEAN BILLS OF LADING,MADE OUT TO ORDER OF SHIPPER AND BLANK ENDORSED AND MARKED“FREIGHT PREPAID”AND NOTIFY APPLICANT. +FULL SET OF NEGOTIABLE INSURANCE POLICY OR CERTIFICATE BLANK ENDORSED FOR110 PCT OF INVOICE VALUE COVERING ALL RISKS 补充资料：1.PACKING:G.W:20.5KGS/CTN N.W:20KGS/CTN MEAS:0.2CBM/CTN PACKED IN250CARTONS,PACKED IN TWO20’CONTAINER（集装箱号:TEXU2263999；TEXU2264000）CY TO CY 2.VESSEL:NANGXING V.086 3.B/L NO:COCS0511861 4.B/L DATE:FEB.26,2005 5.SHIPPING MARKS:T.C OSAKA C/NO.1-250
海运提单条款翻译
Received in apparent good order and condition unless otherwise indicated herein, the goods, or the container(s) o package(s) said to contain the goods described herein for transportation from the place of receipt or the port of loading to the place of delivery or the port of discharge to be carried subject to the terms and conditions hereof. One of the original bill of lading duly endorsed must be surrendered in exchange for the goods or delivery order. In accepting this bill of lading, the merchant agrees to be bound by all the stipulations, exceptions, terms and conditions on the face and back hereof. Whether written, typed, stamped or printed as fully as if signed by the merchant any local custom or privilege to the contrary notwithstanding. In witness whereof the number of original bills of lading stated below have been signed, one of which being accomplished the other(s) to be void. See terms on reverse 承运人已收到符合提单规定的表面状况良好的货物（除本提单另有说明），此货物为承运人接收运输货物一栏所示的全部货物或据称内装相应货物的集装箱或其它货物包装，将从货物接收地或装船港运往卸货港或货物交付地并受本提单的所有条款之约束。货方必须向承运人提交一份经适当背书的正本提单，以换取货物或提货单。 货方接受本提单，即意味着明确接受并同意（如同已签署）本提单正面与背面的所有条款与条件，不论是手写、打印、签章或是印刷的，即使有与此相反的当地习惯和特权也不例外。 兹证明承运人或其代理人已按本提单底部所示的提单份数签发提单，等其中一份正本完成提货任务后，其它各份提单即行失效。 提单条款续背页 Received in apparent good order and condition except as otherwise noted the total number of containers of packages or units enumerated below (*) for transportation from the place of receipt to the place of delivery subject to the terms hereof. One of the original bill of lading must be surrendered duly endorsed in exchange for the goods or delivery order. On presentation of this document (duly endorsed) to the carrier by or on behalf of the holder, the rights and liabilities arising in accordance with the terms hereof shall (without prejudice to any rule of common law of statute rendering them binding on the merchant) become binding in all respects between the carrier and the holder as though the contract evidenced hereby had been made between them. In witness whereof the number of original bills of lading stated below have been signed one of which being accomplished the others to be void. See terms on reverse 兹收到外表状况和条件良好（除本提单另有说明）的下述总数集装箱或其他包装或单位的货物，依据本提单所列条款和条件，从收货地运往交货地。货方必须向承运人提交一份经适当背书的正本提单，以换取货物或提货单。提单持有人或其代表向承运人提交经背书的提单时，依照本提单条款的条件而产生的权利和义务，在不损害普通法或成文法中约束货方的任何规定的条件下，将使本提单持有人和承运人之间的各方面受其约束，如同提单持有人和承运人之间已签订了本提单所证明之契约。 兹证明承运人或其代理人已按本提单底部所示的提单份数签发提单，等其中一份正本完成提货任务后，其它各份提单即行失效。 提单条款续背页 1 / 1
实训一缮制海运提单
实训一缮制海运提单 六、实训任务请根据所提供的实训资料缮制海运提单 Shipper B/L No.TH50HK07596 SHANGHAI JIANQIAO IMP. & EXP. CO., LTD. No. 1500 , KANGQIAO ROAD, PUDONG, SHANGHAI, 201319 CHINA Consignee [ Port-to-Port or Combined Transport TO ORDER BILL OF LADING Notify party wise noted. The total number of packages or units stuffed in the contai n e r. JAKSON TRADING COMPANY， 6-20 The description of the goods and the weights shown in this Bill of LADEN ON BOARD THE VESSEL DATE DEC10,2009BY COSCO CONTAINER LINES
\ 魏永清 海运提单背面: 空白背书 - SHANGHAI JIANQIAO IMP. & EXP. CO., LTD No. 1500 , KANGQIAO ROAD, PUDONG, SHANGHAI, 201319,CHINA 周美婷 | }
— 实训二缮制海运保险单六、实训任务: 请根据所提供的资料缮制海运保险单 中国人民保险公司 THE P EOPLE’S INSURANCE COMPANY CHINA 总公司设于北京一九四九年创立 Head Office: BENJING Established in 1949 保险单 INSURANCE POLICY保险单次号次 、 POLICY No. 中国人民保险公司（以下简称本公司）THIS POLICY OF INSURANCE WITNESSES THAT PEOPLE’S INSURANCE OF CHINA ( HEREINAFTER CALLED.“THE COMPANY ”) 根据SHANGHAI JIANQIAO IMP. & ., LTD. No. 1500 , KANGQIAO ROAD, PUDONG, SHANGHAI, 201319, CHINA ( 以下简称被保险人 ) 的要求，由被保险人向本公司缴付的 ( HEREINAFTER CALLED“THE INSURED”AND IN CONSIDERATION OF THE AGREED PREMIUM PAIP TO THE COMPANY BY THE 定的保险费，按照本保险单承保险别和背面所载条款与下列 INSURED UNDERTAKES TO INSURE THE UNDERMENTIONED GOODS IN TRANSPORTATION SUBJECT TO THE CONDITIONS OF 特款承保下述货物运输保险，特立本保险单。 THIS POLICY. AS PER THIS CLAUSES PRINTED OVERLEAF AND OTHER SPECAL CLAUSES ATTACHED HEREON. 保险金额： 。 TOTAL AMOUNT INSURED :SAY FIFTY ONE THOUSAND FOUR HUNDRED AND FIFTY EIGHT ONLY. .保费费率装载运输工具 PREMIUM AS ARRANGED RATE AS ARRANGED PER CONVEYANCE PU DONG 开航日期自至 OR ABT. DEC10,2009 FROM SHANGHAI TO SOUTH AMPTON 承保险别： CONDITIONS: covering All risks and War risk as per CIC 所保货物，如遇出险，本公司凭保险单及其他有关证件给付赔 CLAIMS IF ANY PAYABLE ON SURPENDER OF THIS POLICY TO GETETHER WITH OTHER RELEVANT EVANT DOCUMENTS IN THE
第八章 海运提单教案汇总
第八章海运提单 [学习目的]了解海运提单的基本含义及其在外贸业务中的作用，掌握海运提单的缮制技巧，理解海运提单的基本内容。 [计划学时]三讲6学时 [重点与难点] 重点：海运提单的基本内容 难点：海运提单的缮制技巧。 [教学方法]案例导课，分析引出内容，强调海运提单的外贸单证业务中的重要性，课堂精讲。布置作业两次，并批改。 [教学手段与教具]教学大纲、教案、教材和其他相关教材，单据模板。 [教学过程设计] 第一讲（2个课时） 第一节海运委托书 第二节海运提单理论概述 第二讲（2个课时） 第三节海运提单的主要内容及条款解析 第四节海运提单的缮制 第三讲（2个课时）
第五节实训指导 布置作业：本章节的作业形式：纸制作业 第一节海运委托书 一、海运委托书的含义 何谓海运委托书 海运委托书又叫托运单（Booking Note），是托运人根据贸易合同和信用证条款内容填制的，向承运人或其代理办理货物托运的单证，也是船公司缮制提单的主要依据。 提问：1、哪一方缮制海运委托书？ 2、海运委托书能证明什么？ 二、海运委托书缮制样本 1、海运委托书的内容 参照书中海运委托书样本，解释海运委托书个项目内容。2、海运委托书缮制 解释海运委托书个项目内容缮制依据。 三、租船订舱业务流程 结合书中租船订舱业务流程图，说明租船订舱业务过程。
第二节海运提单理论概述 一海运提单的含义 海运提单（MARINE BILL OF LADING或OCEAN BILL OF LADING），简称“提单”（B/L），是由承运人或其授权的代理人签发给托运人，表明已将特定的货物装上船并经海洋运至目的地的收据和物权凭证。 二、海运提单的作用 1、货物收据 海运提单是承运人或其代理人签发的货物收据（Receipt for the Goods），确认承运人已经按海运提单所列内容收到货物。提单一经承运人签发，即表明承运人已将货物装上船舶或已确认接管。 2、物权凭证 海运提单的合法持有人凭海运提单可在目的港向轮船公司提取货物，也可以在载货船舶到达目的港之前，通过转让海运提单而转移货物所有权或凭以向银行办理抵押货款。 3、运输契约的证明 海运提单是托运人和承运人之间的运输契约的证明（Evidence of Contract of Carrier），是承运人与托运人处理双方在运输中的权利和义务问题的主要依据。
中远COSCO集装箱提单背面条款(中英文)
中远COSCO集装箱提单背面条款(中文) 中远集团提单背面条款 1. DEFINITIONS 定义 “承运人”（CARRIER）是指“中远集运”，即中远集装箱运输有限公司。 “货方”（MERCHANT）包括发货人、托运人、收货人、受货人、货主、本提单的合法持有人或被背书人，或与货物或本提单具有现时或未来利益关系的任何人，或被授权代表前述任何一方行事的任何人。 “船舶”按有关上下文情况，包括本提单第6栏所列船舶或其替代船舶，以及承运人或代表承运人于全部运程中的海运阶段所使用的任何支线船或驳船。 “分立契约人”（SUB-CONTRACTOR）包括（除承运人以外的）船舶所有人及经营人，装卸工人，码头、仓库、集装箱储运站经营人及拼箱经营人，公路及铁路运输经营人，及承运人雇佣的用以进行运输的任何独立订约人，以及其小分立契约人（SUB-SUB-CONTRACTOR）。分立契约人一词应包括直接及间接分立契约人及其各自的受雇人、代理人或分立契约人。 “货物”（GOODS）是指自货方收到的全部货物或其任何部分，并包括非由承运人或其代表提供的任何集装箱。“件”是指由货方或其代表装载并铅封的每一集装箱，而不是在集装箱中所装的货物件数，如果此项件数未在本提单正面列明，或者是用“据称内装”或类似词句列明。 “装运单位”（SHIPPING UNIT）是指未以包件运输的任何一个具体单位的货物，包括机械、车辆及船只，但散装货物除外。 “集装箱”（CONTAINER）包括任何集装箱，如开顶集装箱、拖车、可运油罐、框架箱、平板箱、货盘，以及为运输货物而使用的任何其他设备或设施。 本条作为定义条款，用以说明、规定本提单条款中经常出现的一些名词，以便明确在为提单所证明或构成的运输合同中所代表的概念、避免理解上的差异。 有关承运人的定义与提单正面的抬头和承运人签单部位的落款相对应，符合《跟单信用证统一惯例500》对提单签发的要求。本提单所构成或证明运输合同中的承运人仅指中远集运、而非任何其他相关的契约承运人、实际承运人，这样避免了当存在几个运输合同时发生混淆。另外还应指出的是承运人被定义为‘中远集运’（COSCO CONTAINER LINES.），虽然中远集装箱运输有限公司的英文正式名称为COSCO CONTAINER LINES COMPANY LIMITED, 但是我们这里仅使用其商业名称(TRADE NAME)。 关于货方的定义将发货人、托运人、收货人、受货人、货主、本提单的合法持有人或受背书人，或与货物或本提单具有现时或未来利益关系的任何人，或被授权代表前述任何一方行事的任何人纳入运输合同中与承运人相对应的货方，符合提单流转的需要，保护了船货双方共同的权益，便于双方根据运输合同解决纠纷。 关于‘件’的定义是与提单正面的‘不知条款’相对应的，同时也是为适应海商法有关承运人单件责任限制规定的需要。即除非提单上已显示了货物件数或者表明了?据称内装?等类似词句，否则由货方装箱的一个集装箱将作为一件计算，这是因为承运人在接受整箱货时是无法核实货物件数，同时整箱货的运费比拼箱货按件数、重量、体积等单位计收的运费低廉。 *本条款中各项定义也适用于条款注释中出现的相关名词。 2. CARRIER\'S TARIFF 承运人的运价本 承运人所使用的运价本中的条款以及有关费收的其他要求等项，已被载入本提单。请特别注意运价本中所载各项条款，包括但不限于免费堆存期、集装箱及车辆滞留期等。使用的运价本的有关条款，可向承运人或其代理人索取。如本提单与所用运价本之间有不一致之处，应以本提单为准。 本条是用以说明承运人运价本的作用。提单正面、背面条款内容虽然十分丰富，但毕竟是固定的格式，不可能经常更改；而且运输合同项下各项费用的收取，结算的依据往往要与具体港口的特殊要求相对应，或者随着市场的变化而变化，所以承运人用运价本的形式对此作出规定。根据本条款将运价本中的条款并入提单并约束运输合同的各方。 3. SUB-CONTRACTING, INDEMNITY AND CERTAIN DEFENSES, EXEMPTIONS AND LIMITATIONS分立契约、赔偿以及抗辩、免除事项及责任限制 (1)承运人有权在任何时间以任何条件将运输的全部或其任何部分同任何分立契约人订立分立契约，并（或）以任何其他船舶或运输工具代替本船。 货方保证，不向承运人以外的由其履行或承办运输的任何人（包括但不限于承运人的受雇人、代理人或分立契约人）就货物或货物运输一事而提起向其或其所拥有或经营的任何船舶加诸或意欲加诸任何责任的索赔或任何法律诉讼，不论此项责任是否由于此种人的疏忽而引起。如果，即使如此，此项索赔或法律诉讼仍被提起，则货方保证就由此引起的后果包括法律费用，全部赔偿承运人。在不防碍上述规定的情况下，上述第(1)款所述每一个人或船舶，包括但不限于承运人的受雇人、代理人或分立契约人，都应享有本提单所载适用于承运人的在涉及合同或侵权事件中的每一免除事项、抗辩及责任限制，犹如此种条款已为其利益而明文规定，而且在订立本提单时，就上述免除事项、抗辩及责任限制而言，承运人不仅代表其本身，而且也是作为上述的人或船舶的代理人或受托人. 本条就是通常所说的‘喜马拉雅条款’，是提单必须包括的标准条款，其效力也已为海商法、海牙-维斯比规则确认。本条款主要说明承运人的雇佣人在代表承运人履行承运人的部分或全部义务时同样受提单条款的约束和保护。由于索赔方与承运人的雇佣人或代理人没有合同关系，所以索赔方往往会绕过运输合同直接向第三人提起侵权之
海运提单(缮制)-01答案
根据给出的信用证条款和其他资料缮制提单 A、信用证条款： ISSUING BANK： METITA BANK LTD FIN-00020 METITA，FINLAND Term of Doc．Credit： IRREVOCABLE Credit Number： KHL02-22457 Date of Issue： 090505 Expiry： Date 090716 Place CHINA Applicant： FFK CORP．AKEKSANTERINK AUTO P．O．BOX 9，FINLAND Beneficiary： GUANGDONG RONGHUA TRADE CO．LTD． 168，DEZHENG ROAD SOUTH，GUANGZHOU， CHINA Amount： Currency USD Amount 38400.00 Pos．/ Neg．Tol．(%)： 5/5 Available with/by： ANY BANK IN ADVISING COUNTRY BY NEGOTIATION Partial Shipments： Not Allowed Transshipment： Allowed Loading in Charge： GUANGZHOU For Transport to： HELSINKI Shipment Period： AT THE LATEST JULY 16，2009 Description of Goods：9600PCS OF WOMEN’S SWEATERS UNIT PRICE：USD4.00/PC，CFR HELSINKI PACKING：12PCS/CTN Documents required：FULL SET OF CLEAN ON BOARD MARINE BILLS OF LADING,MADE OUT TO ORDER OF METITA BANK LTD, FINLAND, MARKED “FREIGHT PREPAID” AND NOTIFY APPLICANT. B、其它资料： 提单号码：KTT0245678 货物总毛重：6500KGS 货物总尺码：25CBMS 船名：MAKIS V.002 唛头：ABC/ HELSINKI/ NO．1-800 集装箱号码：SIHU365487-2（20’） SEAL NO. 123456 CY/CY 提单签发日期：2009年7月10日提单签发地点：广州 承运人：ABC SHIPPING CO. 提单签发人：张三 货物由托运人负责装箱及计数
海运提单的三个法律功能
海运提单的三个法律功能 一、提单的定义 提单是海上货物运输特有的重要运输单证。英美等国将海陆空运单据通称提单,当专指海运时则称为海运提单,英国船运法规定,提单是由船东或其他代理人所签发的文件,该文件确认货物装上何船并驶往何港,以及运输装船货物的若干条件;在德国,提单是承运人接受承运货物的书面证明,承运人通过提单承担将接管的货物依其所证明的状况运至目的地,并根据提单的内容交付货物的义务。在台湾地区,海运提单称作载货证券,载货证券为运送人或船长于货物装载后、同托运人之请求发给托运人、承认货物业已装船,约定运送期间权利义务及领受货物之特种有价证券。简言之,载货证券为一种货物已上船之书据。它是海上货物运输合同的证明及承运人收受或装载货物的文件。缴回该文件时,承运人应交付货物;提单条款内所载的人或所指定或持有提单人请求交货时,承运人即有交付货物的义务。 二、提单的法律功能 一位着名的英国法官曾说:国际贸易像一张网,提单是这张网的中心。这高度概括了提单在国际贸易中的重要地位。从上述提单的定义和它的由来不难看出,提单具有如下三个基本法律功能,而这些构成其法律地位的核心内容: (一)提单是承运人出具的已接收货物的收据 提单是承运人应托运人的要求签发的货物收据,以此确认承运人己收到提单所列的货物。无论是《海牙规则》还是我国《海商法》均
规定,承运人对于非集装箱运输货物的责任期间是从“货物装上船时起”,并在货物装船后签发“己装船提单”,表明“货物己处于承运人掌管下”,所以提单具有货物收据的性质。但是,提单的货物收据的属性,在班轮运输的实践中,通常不以将货物装船为条件。通常的作法是,当托运人将货物送交承运人指定的仓库或地点时,根据托运人的要求,先签发备运提单,而在货物装船完毕后,再换发已装船提单。 提单中属于收据性的内容主要是提单下面所载的有关货物的标志、件数、数量或重量等。当提单在托运人手中时,它是承运人按照提单的上述记载收到货物的初步证据。原则上承运人应按照提单所载事项向收货人交货。但允许承运人对货物的真实情况在提单上进行批注,并允许承运人就清洁提单所列事项以确切的证据向托运人提出异议。当提单转让给善意的受让人时,除非提单上订有有效的“不知条款”,承运人对于提单受让人不能就提单所载事项提出异议。此时,提单不再是已收到货物的初步证据,而是已收到货物的最终证据。 (二)提单是承运人与托运人之间订立的运输合同的证明 提单不仅包括上述收据性的内容,而且还载明一般运输合同所应具备的各项重要条件和条款,这些内容从法律上讲,只要不违反国家和社会公共利益并不违背法律的强制性规定,对承运人和托运人就应具有约束力。同时,当承、托双方发生纠纷时,它还是解决纠纷的法律依据。基于这些原因,可以说提单在一定程度上起到了运输合同的作用。但是,由于提单是由承运人单方制定,并在承运人接收货物之后才签发的,而且在货物装船前或提单签发前,承、托双方就已经在订舱时达成
外代无抬头海运提单和背面条款
The follow are the conditions and exceptions hereinbefore referred to: 1.D EFINTION. “Merchant” i ncludes the Shipper, the Receiver, the Consignor, the consignee, the Holder of the Bill of Lading and the Owner of the Goods. 2.J URISDICTION. All disputes arising under and in connection with this Bill of Lading shall be settled in the flag – state of the ship, or otherwise in the place mutually agreed between the Carrier and the Merchant. 3.P ARAMOUNT CLAUSE. This Bill of Lading shall be subject to the Hague Rules contained in the International Convention for the Unification of Certain Rules of law Relating to Bills of Lading, dated at Brussels the 25th August 1924, or the corresponding legislation of the flag state of the ship. If the stipulation of this Bill of Lading are wholly or partly contrary there to, this Bill of Lading shall be read as if such stipulation or part thereof, as the case may be, were deleted. 4.P ERIOD OF RESPONSIBILITY. The responsibility of the Carrier shall commence from the time when the goods are loaded on board the vessel and shall cease when they are discharged from the vessel. The Carrier shall not be liable for loss of or damage to the goods before loading and after discharging from the vessel, howsoever such loss or damage arises. 5.P ACKING AND MARKS. The Merchant shall have the goods properly packed and accurately and clearly marked before shipment. The port of destination of the goods should be marked in letters not less than 5 cm high, in such a way as will remain legible until their delivery, All fines and expenses arising from insufficiency or inadequacy of packing or marks shall be borne by the Merchant. 6.F EIGHT AND OTHER CHARGES. (1) Advance freight together with other charges is due on shipment. If not prepaid. Though stipulated, the freight and other charges shall be paid by the Mer- chant plus 5% interest per annum running from the date of notification for their payment, If the cargo shipped are perishables, low cost goods, live animals, deck cargo or goods for which there is no Carrier’s agent at the port of destination, the freight for such cargo and all related charges shall be paid at the time of shipment. Freight payable at destination together with other char ges is due on vessel’s arrival. Advance freight and/or freight payable at destination shall be paid to the Carrier in full, and non-returnable and non-deductable irrespective of whatever loss or damage may happen to vessel and cargo or either of them. (2) All dues, taxes and charges or any other expenses in connection with the goods shall be paid by the Merchant. 7.INCORRECT STATEMENT. The Carrier is entitled, at port of shipment and /or port of destination, to verify the quantity, weight, measurement and/or contents of such goods as declared by the Merchant. If the weight, measurement and/or contents of such goods as stated in the Bill of Lading turned out to be inconsistent with that of the goods actually loaded, and the freight paid falls short of the amount which would have been due if such declaration had been correctly given the Carrier is entitled to collect from the Merchant as liquidated damages to the Carrier double the amount of difference between the freight for the goods actually shipped and that misstated. The Merchant shall be liable for loss of and damage to the vessel and/or goods arising or resulting from inaccuracies in stating the description, quantity, weight, measurement or contents of the goods and shall indemnify the Carrier for the costs and expenses in connection with weighing, measuring and checking such goods. 8.LOADING, DISCHARGING AND DELIVERY. The goods shall be supplied and taken delivery of by the Owner of the goods as fast as the vessel can take and discharge them, without interruption, by day and if required by Carrier also by night, Sundays and holidays included, notwithstanding any custom of the port to the contrary and the Owner of the goods shall be liable for all losses or damages including demurrage incurred in default thereof. Discharge may commence without previous notice, If the goods are not taken delivery of by the Receiver from alongside the vessel without delay, or if the Receiver refuses to take delivery of the goods, or in case there are unclaimed goods, the Carrier shall be at liberty to land such goods on shore or any other proper places at the sole risk and expense of the Merchant, and theCarrier’s responsibility of delivery of cargo shall be deemed to have been fulfilled. Weighing on board is only allowed by special permission of the Carrier, including detention and extra costs of discharging, shall be for account of the Receivers or Consignees, notwithstanding any custom of the port to the contrary. If the goods are unclaimed during a reasonable time, or wherever the goods will become deteriorated decayed or worthless, the Carrier may, at his discretion and subject to his lien, and without any responsibility attaching to him, sell, abandon or otherwise dispose of such goods solely at the risk and expense of the Merchant. 9.LIGHTERAGE.,Any lighterage in or off ports of loading or ports of discharge shall be for the ccount of the Merchant. 10..LIEN. The Carrier shall have a lien on the goods and any document relating thereto for freight, dead freight, demurrage and any other amount payable by the Merchant, and for General Average contributions for whomsoever due and for the cost of recovering the same, and for this purpose shall have the right to sell or otherwise dispose of the goods. If on sale of the goods, the proceeds fail to cover the amount due and the cost and expenses incurred , the Carrier shall be entitled to recover the deficit from the Merchant. 11.NOTICE OF LOSS OR DAMAGE, THIME BAR. Unless notice of loss or damage and the general nature of such loss or damage be given in writing to the Carrier or his agent at the port of discharge before or at the time of the removal of the goods into the custody of the person entitled to delivery thereof under the contact of carriage, such removal shall be prima facie evidence of the delivery by the Carrier of the goods as described in the Bill of Lading. If the loss or damage is not apparent, the notice must be given within three days of the delivery.The notice in writing need not be given if the state of the goods has at the time of their receipt been the subject of joint survey or inspection.In any event the carrier and the vessel shall be discharged from all liability in respect of loss or damage unless suit is brought within one year after delivery of the goods or the date when the goods should have been delivered. In the case of any actual or apprehended loss or damage the Carrier and the Receiver shall give all reasonable facilities to each other for inspecting and tallying the goods. 12.LIMITATION OF LIABILITY. All claims for which the Carrier may be liable shall be calculated on the basis of the Merchant’s net invoice cost, p lus freight and insurrance premuim, if paid. In no event shall the Carrier be liable for any loss of possible profit or any consequential loss. The Carrier for any loss of or damage to the goods shall be limited to an amount not exceeding ￡100 per package or freight unit unless the value of the goods higher than the amount is declared in writing by the Shipper before receipt of the goods by the Carrier and inserted in this Bill of Lading and extra freight paid as required. If the actual value of the goods per package of per freight unit exceeds such value, the declared value shall nevertheless be deemed to be the declared value and the Carrier’s liability if any, shall not be the declared value and any partial loss or damage shall be adjusted pro rata on the basis of such declared value. 13.FORWARDING, SUBSTITUTE OF VESSEL, THROUGH CARGO AND RANSHIPMENT. If necessary, the Carrier shall be at liberty to carry the goods to their port of destination by other vessel or vessels either belonging to the Carrier or other persons or by rail or other means of transport proceeding either directly or indirectly to such port and to carry the goods or part of them beyond their port of destination, and to tranship, lighter, land and store the goods on shore or afloat and reship and forward same at the Carrier’s expenses but at Merchant’s risk. The responsibility of the Carrier shall be limited to the part of the transport performed by him on the vessel under his management. 14.DANGEROUS GOODS, CONTRABAND. (1) The Merchant undertakes not to tender for transportation any goods which are of a dangerous, inflammable, radio-active, and/or any harmful nature without previously giving written notice of their nature to the Carrier and marking the goods and the container or other covering on the outside as required by any laws or regulations which may be applicable during the carriage. (2) Whenever the goods are discovered to have been shipped without complying with the subclause 1 above or the goods are found to be contraband or prohibited by any laws or regulations of the port of loading, discharge or call or any place or waters during the carriage, the Carrier shall be entitled to have such goods rendered innocuous, thrown overboard or discharged or other wise disposed of at the Carrier’s discretion without compensation and the Merchant shall be liable for and indemnify the Carrier against any kind of loss, damage or liability including loss of freight, and any expenses directly or indirectly rising out of or resulting from such shipment. (3)If any goods shipped complying with the sub-clause (1) above become a danger to the ship or cargo, they may in like manner be rendered innocuous, thrown overboard or discharged or other wise disposed of at the Carrier’s discretion without compensation except to General Average, if any. 15.DECK CARGO, LIVE ANIMALS AND PLANTS. Cargo on deck, plants and live animals are receive d, handled, carried, kept and discharged at Merchant’s risk and the Carrier shall not be liable for loss thereof or damage thereto. 16.CARGO IN CONTAINERS. (1)Goods may be stowed by the Carrier or his agents or servants in containers and containers whether stowed aforesaid or received fully stowed may be carried on or under deck without notice. The Carrier’s liability for such carriage shall likewise be governed by the terms and conditions of this Bill of Lading irrespective of Clause 15 hereof notwithstanding the fact that the goods are being carried on deck and the goods shall contribute to General Average and shall receive compensation in General Average. (2) If a container has not been filled, packed, stuffed or loaded by the Carrier, the carrier shall not be liable for loss of or damage to the contents and the Merchant shall indemnify the Carrier against any injury, loss, damage, liability or expense incurred by the Carrier if such injury, loss, damage, liability or expense has been caused by: 1) the manner in which the container has been filled, packed, stuffed or loaded; or 2) the unsuitability of the contents for carriage in containers; or 3) the unsuitability or defective condition of the container which would have been apparent upon reasonable inspection by the Merchant at or prior to the time the container was filled, packed, stuffed or loaded. If a container which has not been filled, packed, stuffed or loaded by the Carrier is delivered by the Carrier with the seal intact, such delivery shall be deemed as full and complete performance of the Carrier’s obligation hereunder and the Carrier shall not be liab le for any loss of or damage to the contents of the container, The Shipper shall inspect containers before stuffing them and the use of the containers shall be prima facie evidence of their being sound and suitable for use. 17.REFRIGERATED GOODS. Before loading goods in any insulated space, the Carrier shall, in addition to the Class Certificate, obtain the certificate of the Classification Society’s Surveyor or other competent person, stating that such insulated space and refrigerating machinery are in the opinion of the surveyor or other competent person fit and safe for the carriage and preservation of refrigerated goods, The aforesaid certificate shall be conclusive evidence against the Merchant. Receivers have to take delivery of refrigerated cargo as soon as the vessel is ready to deliver, otherwise the Carrier shall land the goods at the wharf at the Merchant’s risk and expense. 18.TIMBER. Any statement in this Bill of Lading to the effect that timber has been shipped “In apparent good order and condition” does not involve any admission by the Carrier as to the absence of stains, shakes, splits holes or broken pieces, for which the Carrier accepts no responsibility. 19.IRON AND STEEL. Every piece of Iron and Steel is to be distinctly and permanently marked with oil paint and every bundle securely fastened, distinctly and permanently marked with oil paint and metal tagged, by the Merchant, so that each piece or bundle can be distinguished at port of discharge. If the Merchant fails to meet the aforesaid requirements, the Carrier, shall neither be responsible for correct delivery nor liable for expenses arising therefrom. 20.BULK CARGO, GOODS TO MORE THAN ONE CONSIGNEE. (1) As the Carrier has no reasonable means of checking the weight of bulk cargo, any reference to such weight in this Bill of Lading shall be deemed to be for reference only, but shall constitute in no way evidence against the Carrier (2)Where bulk Cargo or goods without marks or cargo with the same marks are shipped to more than one Consignee, the Consignees or owners of the goods shall jointly and severally bear any expense or loss in dividing the goods or parcels into pro rata quantities and any deficiency shall fall upon them in such proportion as the Carriers, his servants or agents shall decide. 21.HEAVY LIFTS AND AWKWARD CARGO. Any one piece or package of cargo weighs 2000 kilos or upwards and any awkward cargo with a length of 9 meters or upwards must be clearly and boldly marked with the weight and/or dimensions and/or length by the Shipper and shall be loaded and discharged by shore crane or otherwise at the ship’s option and at the risk and expense of the Merchant. If any damage, loss or liability to the ship, lighter, wharf, quay, cranes, hoisting tackle, or whatsoever or to whomsoever occurs owing to the lack of statement or mis – statement of weight, measurement or length, the Merchant shall be responsible for such damage, loss or liability. 22.FUMIGATION. In the event of fumigation of goods on board for whatever reason, the Carrier shall not be liable for damage to goods wi thout actual proof of the Carrier’s negligence which shall not be presumed against him, and all expenses incurred are for Merchant’s account. 23.OPTION. The port of discharge for optional goods must be declared to the vessel’s agents at the first of the optional ports named in the option not later than 48 hours before the vessel’s arrival there. In the absence of such declaration the Carrier may elect to discharge at the first or any optional port and the contract of carriage shall then be considered as having been fulfilled. Any option must be for the total quantity of goods under this Bill of Lading. 24.GENERAL AVERAGE AND NEW JASON CLAUSE. (1)General average shall be adjusted. Stated and settled according to the York – Antwerp Rulos, 1974, at any port or place at the carrier’s option. In the event of accident, danger, damage or disaster before or after the commencement which, or for the consequence of which the Carrier is not responsible, by statute contract or otherwise, the goods, Shippers, Consignees or Owners of the goods shall contribute with the Carrier in General Average to the payment of any sacrifices, losses or expenses of a General Average nature that may be made or incurred and shall pay salvage and special charges incurred in respect of the goods, If a salving ship is owned or operated by the Carrier, salvage shall be paid for as fully as if the said salving ship or ships belonged to strangers. Such deposit as the Carrier of his agents may deem sufficint to cover the estimated contribution of the goods, and any salvage and special charges thereon shall, if required, be made by the goods, Shippers, Consignees or Owners of the goods to the Carrier before delivery. 25.BOTH TO BLAME COLLISION CLAUSE. If the vessel comes into collision with another vessel as a result of the negligence of the other vessel and any act, neglect or default of the master, mariner, pilot or of the servants of the Carrier in the navigation or in the management of the vessel, the owners of the goods carried hereunder will indernmify the Carrier against all loss or liability to the other or non-carrying vessel or her Owners in so far as such loss or liability represents loss of or damage to or any claim whatsoever of the Owners of said goods paid or payable by the other or non-carrying vessel or her Owners to the Owners of said goods and setoff, recouped or recovered by the other or non-carrying vessel or her Owners as part of their claim against the carrying ship or Carrier. The forgoing provisions shall also apply where the Owners, operators or those in charge of any vessel or vessels or objects other than, or in addition to, the colliding vessels or objects are at fault in respect of a collision, contact stranding or other accident. 26. WAR, QUARANTINE, ICE, STRIKES, CONGESTION ETC. Should it appear that war, blockade, pirate, epidemics, quarantine, ice, strikes, congestion and other causes beyond the Carrier’s control would prevent the vessel from safely reaching the port of destination and/or discharging the goods thereat, the Carrier is entitled to discharge the goods at the port of loading or any other safe and convenient port and the contract of carriage shall be deemed to have been fulfilled. Any extra expenses incurred under the oforasaid circumstances shall be borne by the Merchant.