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代词归纳和习题

代词归纳和习题
代词归纳和习题

代词

代词是代替名词的一种词类。大多数代词具有名词和形容词的功能。英语中的代词,按其意义、特征及在句中的作用分为:人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、反身代词、相互代词、疑问代词、关系代词和不定代词八种。

一、人称代词是表示"我"、"你"、"他"、"她"、"它"、

"我们"、"你们"、"他们"的词。人称代词有人称、数和格的变化,见下表:数单数复数

格主格宾格主格宾格

第一人称I me we us

第二人称you you you you

he him they them

第三人称she her they them

it it they them

如:He is my friend.他是我的朋友。

It's me.是我。

二、物主代词表示所有关系的代词,也可叫做代词所有格。物主代词分形容性物主代词和名词性物主代词二种,其人物和数的变化见下表。

数单数复数

人称第一第二第三第一第二第三

人称人称人称人称人称人称

形容词性my your his/her its our your/their

物主代词

名词性mine yours his/hers its ours yours/theirs

物主代词

如:I like his car.

我喜欢他的小汽车。

Our school is here,and theirs is there.

我们的学校在这儿,他们的在那儿。

三、指示代词表示"那个"、"这个"、"这些"、"那些"等指示概念的代词。指示代词有this,that,these,those等。

如:That is a good idea.那是个好主意。

四、表示"我自己"、"你自己"、"他自己"、"我们自己"、"你们自己"和"他们自己"等的代词,叫做自身代词,也称为"反身代词"。

如:She was talking to herself.她自言自语。

五、表示相互关系的代词叫相互代词,有each other 和one another两组,但在运用中,这两组词没什么区别。

如:They love each other.他们彼此相爱。

六、不是指明代替任何特定名词的代词叫做不定代词。

1)常见的不定代词有one, both,a11,either, neither, each,every, some, any, none, no, few, little, many, much, other, another等,以及含有some-,any-,no-等的合成代词,如anybody,something,no one。这些不定代词大都可以代替名词和形容词,在句中作主语、宾语、表语和定语,但none和由some,any,no等构成的复合不定代词只能作主语、宾语或表语;every和no只能作定语。如:

--- Do you have a car?--你有一辆小汽车吗?

--- Yes,I have one.--是的,我有一辆。

--- I don't know any of them.他们,我一个也不认识。

2)不定代词的功能与用法

a.除every 和no外不定代词既可用作名词,也可用作形容词。every和no 在句中只能作定语。

I have no idea about it.

b.all 都,指三者以上。

all 的主谓一致:all的单复数由它所修饰或指代的名词的单复数决定。

All goes well.一切进展得很好。

c. both都,指两者。

1. both 与复数动词连用,但both… and…可与单数名词连用。

2. both, all 都可作同位语,其位置在行为动词前,be 动词之后。如果助动词或情态动词后面的实义动词省去,则位于助动词或情态动词之前。

Who can speak Japanese?We both (all) can.

d. neither两者都不

1. neither作主语时,谓语动词用单数。

2. 作定语与单数名词连用,但neither… nor 用作并列连词,可与复数名词

连用。其谓语采用就近原则。

3.可用于下列句型,避免重复。

She can't sing,neither (can) he.

neither 与nor

1.如前句是否定式从句,则主句用neither,而不用nor。

If you don't do it,neither should I.如果你不干,我也不干。

2. 如后连续有几个否定句式,则用nor,不用neither。

He can't sing,nor dance,nor skate.

e. one表示泛指,that和it 表示特指。that与所指名词为同类,但不是同一个,而it 与所指名词为同一个。

I can't find my hat. I think I must buy one.(不定)

我找不到我的帽子了。我想我该去买一顶。

The hat you bought is bigger than that I bought.(同类但不同个)

你买的那顶帽子比我买的大。

I can't find my hat. I don' t know where I put it.( 同一物)

我找不到我的帽子。我不知道我把它放在哪了。

f. one… the other只有两个one… an other,三个以上some… the others只有两大部分some… others,范围不定others = other people/things the others = the rest剩余的全部

1) 泛指另一个用another。

2) 一定范围内两人(物),一个用one,另一个用the other。

3) 一定范围内三者,一个用one,另一个用one (another),第三个可用the other,

a third。

4) 一定范围内,除去一部分人/物,剩余的全部用the others。

5) 泛指别的人或物时,用others当在一定范围内,除去一部分后,剩余部分但不是全部时,也用others。

G.(a) few + 可数名词, (a) little + 不可数名词

a few / a little 为肯定含义,还有一点

few / little为否定含义,没有多少了。

He has a few friends.他有几个朋友。

He has few friends.他几乎没有朋友。

We still have a little time. 我们还有点时间。

There is little time left.几乎没剩下什么时间了。

七、疑问代词有who,whom,whose,what和which等。在句子中用来构成特殊疑问句。疑问代词都可用作连接代词,引导名词性从句(主语从句、宾语从句和表语从句)

如:Tell me who he is.告诉我他是谁。

八、关系代词有who,whom,whose,that,which,as等,可用作引导从句的关联词。它们在定语从句中可作主语、表语、宾语、定语等;另一方面它们又代表主句中为定语从句所修饰的那个名词或代词(通称为先行词)。

如:He is the man whom you have been looking for.他就是你要找的那个人。

代词加强练习题

1. These are ___books. Yours are over there.

A. I

B. my

C. me

D. mine

2.___is wrong with my watch. It has stopped___.

A. Something, working

B. Something, to work

C. Any thing, working

D. Anything, to work

3. Mary, help ___to the bananas, please.

A. you

B. your

C. yourself

D. yourselves

4. My skirt is___popular than___.

A. much, her

B. much, hers

C. more, her

D. more, hers

5. — Can you speak English?

— Yes, but only___.

A. few

B. a few

C. little

D. a little

6. Mr. Smith is an old friend of___.

A. I

B. me

C. my

D. mine

7. “ ___do you hear from your parents?”

“About once a month.”

A. How long

B. How many

C. How often

D. How much

8. Mr. Green wouldn't say ___at the meeting.

A. everything

B. nothing

C. anything

D. something

9. “Mum, Ann's coming tonight. Let's give her ___to eat.”“Good idea!”

A. anything nice

B. nice anything

C. something nice

D. nice something

10. — When shall we meet, this evening or tomorrow evening?

— I don't mind. ___time is OK.

A. Some

B. Neither

C. Either

D. Both

11 This is not her kite,but___.

A. he's

B. him

C. he

D. his

12. Don't worry, Mum! ___news is good news. I'm sure daddy will come back soon.

A. No

B. Many

C. Those

D. Two

13. Mary has six apples. Her brother has three. She has ___apples than he.

A. few

B. many

C. more

D. fewer

14. There isn't ___in today's newspaper.

A. anything interesting

B. something interesting

C. nothing interesting

D. interesting anything

15. September 10th is___Day?

A. Teacher

B. Teachers

C. Teacher's

D. Teachers'

16. —In England, people eat a lot of “takeaway” food. What about people in your country?

—___

A So we do. B. We do so. C. So do we. D. We so do.

17 — Shall we go into that shop and have a look?

— Sorry. I won't. I have ___to do there.

A. everything

B. anything

C. something

D. nothing

18.— Oh, dear! Who broke the glass?

—___Sam ___Bruce. It was the cat.

A. Both, and

B. Not, but

C. Neither, nor

D. Either, or

19. The students are having a good time in the park. Some are drawing by the lake.

___are climbing the hill.

A. Others

B. Other

C. Another

D. The other

20. She is not a nurse. I'm not___.

A. also B either C neither D too

21. I have two pencils. One is red,___is blue.

A the other

B another

C others

D the others

22 Sorry, I can't answer your question. I know ___about the subject.

A little

B a little

C few

D a few

23 My sister doesn't like skating. ___.

A So do I

B So I don't

C Neither I don't

D Neither do I

24 All the students are busy, so___of them will go to the concert.

A many

B little

C a few

D few

25 The teacher gave ___student a new book.

A nobody

B both

C each

D any

26 Black is neither a teacher ___a worker.

A or

B either

C nor

D and

27. Our teacher gave us___on studying.

A many advices

B some advices

C an advice

D some advice

28. I've just bought five stamps. One is a German stamp, ___are American stamps.

A the other

B the others

C other

D others

29. It was___fine day that they went to the park.

A a so

B so a

C such a

D a such

30 At that time the train was slow and noisy. So___people liked taking trains.

A little

B a little

C few

D a few

31. We must help and understand each___.

A other

B another

C others

D the other

32. ___is difficult to walk on the moon.

A Man

B One

C That

D It

33. I don't know ___about the new headmaster.

A something

B everything

C nothing

D anything

答案:1-5 BACDD 6-10 DCCCC 11-15 DACAD 16-20 CDCAB 21-25 AADDC 26-30 CDBCC 31-33 ADD

代词专项训练(含答案)

代词 aacd\abb\bdbc\bcccb\adbc\dbaccdbdad I. Choices ( ) 1. ( ) 2. Every winter Simon and______ get together to look at each other’s drawings. A. we B. our C. us D. ours ( ) 3. Students are usually interested in movies. Some like cartoons, ______ like science fiction. A. the others B. others C. the other D. other ¥ ( ) 4. It’s going to rain. Take ______ umbrella with _______. A. you, you B. your, your C. your, you D. you, your ( ) 5. Enjoy ______, Kate and Betty. A. yourself B. myself C. themselves D. yourselves ( ) 6. ---What’s in the fridge --- ______. A. Nothing B. None C. No D. No one ( ) 7. ( ) 8. Kate and her sister went on holiday with a cousin of ______. & A. their B. theirs C. them D. themselves ( ) 9. Our teacher says dancing makes ______ beautiful inside and out. A. our B. us C. ourselves D. ours ( ) 10 ( ) 11. ______ danced together at the English party. A. I, you and he B. You, he and I C. He, you and I D. I, he and you 1)单数人称代词并列作主语时,其顺序为: 第二人称->第三人称->第一人称 ! 即:youandI;he/she/itandI;you,he/she/itandI 2)复数人称代词作主语时,其顺序为:

指示代词的用法讲解

1)指示代词分单数(this / that)和复数(these / those)两种形式,既可作限定词又可做代词,例如: 单数复数 限定词:This girl is Mary. Those men are myteachers. 代词:This is Mary. Those are my teachers. 2)指示代词的句法功能; a. 作主语 This is the way to do it. 这事儿就该这样做。 b. 作宾语 I like this better than that. 我喜欢这个甚至那个。 c. 作主语补语 My point is this. 我的观点就是如此。 d. 作介词宾语 I don’t say no to that. 我并未拒绝那个。 There is no fear of that. 那并不可怕。 说明1: 指示代词在作主语时可指物也可指人,但作其他句子成分时只能指物,不能指人,例如: (对)That is my teacher. 那是我的老师。(that作主语,指人)

(对)He is going to marry this girl. 他要和这个姑娘结婚。(this 作限定词) (错)He is going to marry this. (this作宾语时不能指人) (对)I bought this. 我买这个。(this指物,可作宾语) 说明2: That和those可作定语从句的先行词,但this和 these不能,同时,在作先行词时,只有those可指人,试比较: (对) He admired that which looked beautiful. 他赞赏外表漂亮的东西。 (对) He admired those who looked beautiful. 他赞赏那些外表漂亮的人。(those指人) (错) He admired that who danced well. (that作宾语时不能指人) (对) He admired those who danced well. 他赞赏跳舞好的人。(those 指人) (对) He admired those which looked beautiful. 他赞赏那些外表漂亮的东西。(those指物)

英语代词专题训练答案

英语代词专题训练答案 一、初中英语代词 1.— What would you like, meat or fish? —________________. I prefer chicken. A. Either B. Neither C. Both D. Each 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意:——你想要什么,肉还是鱼?——两者都不喜欢。我喜欢鸡肉。A:Either两者中的任何一个;B:Neither两者中的任何一个都不;C:Both两者都;D:Each任何一个(两者或两者以上)。根据上文, meat or fish和下文I prefer chicken.可知肉和鱼两者都不喜欢。故选B。 【点评】考查不定代词辨析。理解不定代词的词义和用法,根据语境,选择正确的不定代词。 2.—Does the pink toy piggy belong to __________? —No. __________ is a purple one. A. hers; Hers B. her; Hers C. her; Her 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意:——这只粉色的小猪玩具属于她吗?——不,她的是一只紫色的。A. hers; Hers名词性物主代词,名词性物主代词;B. her; Hers人称代词宾格,名词性物主代词;C. her; Her人称代词宾格,人称代词宾格。第一空作宾语,表示"某人",应该用人称代词;第二空作主语,表示"某人的某物",应该用名词性物主代词,故答案选B。 【点评】考查人称代词代词和名词性物主代词,注意识记人称代词代词和名词性物主的用法。 3.Shanghai is a little larger than city in Japan. A. another B. other C. any D. any other 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意:上海比日本的任何城市都稍大一些。another用于泛指三个以上的不定数目中的“另一个”,后面可接单数名词,也可省略后面的名词,用作代词;other别的/其他的,修饰单、复数名词;根据句意,AB两项不合语境,可排除。any任何的,用在肯定句中修饰单数名词或不可数名词;any other任何其他的。than any…表示“比所有……都……”,不排除被比较者(或主语)本身;than any other…表示“比所有其他的都……”,排除了被比较者(或主语)本身。根据实际情况,上海并不是日本的城市,可以和日本的任何一个城市相比,需用any,故选C。 【点评】考查不定代词辨析。弄清每个代词的使用规则,根据上下文的联系确定所使用的代词。 4.—I'm sorry I made some mistakes in my exam. —It doesn't matter. ________ makes mistakes.

人称代词与指示代词

代词(一) 1.主格作主语,宾格作动词或介词的宾语. He teaches ______(we) Chinese . 2.三种人称代词并列时,顺序为: 单数:二,三,一(You, she and I )复数:一,二,三(we , you and they ) 注:若把责任担,第一人称最当先,(即若做错事时,把第一人称放在最前面.) She and I have been to Beijing . Who broke the window ? I and Mike . 注:it 还有一些特别的用法。 1)用作形式主语,常用于“It’s +adj +to do sth”句型中. 2) 用在句型: “It seems that …”中. 3) 用在句型: “It’s one’s turn to do sth”中. 4) 用在句型: “It’s time to do sth / for sth”中. 5) 用在句型: “It’s +adj +that 从句”中. 6) 用作形式宾语, 用来代替动词不定式. make /think /feel/find + it + adj (名词)+ to do sth . 1.形容词性的物主代词作定语放在名词前,不能单独使用。 2.名词性的物主代词,后面不能加名词。名词性的物主代词常与of 连用。 Our classroom is as big as ______(they) . This is a friend of ______(my). 注: 1)名词性的物主代词相当于形容词性的物主代词加一个名词. (名词性的物主代词=形容词性的物主代词+ 名词) 2)形容词性的物主代词与own 连用时,后面可跟名词也可不跟名词. My own house = a house of my own 记忆小窍门: 反身代词有规律,第三人称宾格加self.其余都要物主加self,复数ves来把f替. 反身代词的常用搭配:

指示代词语法

三﹑指示代词: (一)定义:是具有指示概念的代词,表示“这个,那个,”“这些,那些”以及it, such, same 等词叫做指示代词,指示代词在句中作主语, 宾语, 表语, 定语。 (二)指示代词分类 指示代词用法歌诀: this, these靠近我,that, those离我远。 this, that指单数,these, those不指单。 This is a book. These are cars. I am busy these days.我这些日子很忙。That is not a room. 那不是一间房间。Those are threes. 那些是树。 (三)指示代词的句型变化图 1.肯定句构成:(考选择题) (1)This (That)is+单数名词(a/an/the+名词单数【尾巴无s的名词】) (2)These (Those)are+复数名词【尾巴有s的名词】) 2.一般疑问句构成和回答: 一般疑问句很简单,be(is,are)提到主语(句子主人,位于句首)前 在初一中复数指示代词 3.否定句构成:(考句型转换题)否定句很简单,not加在be后面。 (1)This (That)is not (isn’t)+单数名词(a/an/the+名词单数【尾巴无s的名词】)(2)These (Those)are not(aren’t)+复数名词【尾巴有s的名词】) 注意: (1) this、these 指空间上离说话人较近的人或物,可以与here 连用;that、those 指 空间上离说话人较远的人或物,可以与there 连用。 (2) 打电话或其他场合,本人这一方用this 或these. 反之用that 或those。 (3) 在same 之前必须加冠词the 。(通常与the连用)“同一的,同样的” This is the same skirt that she was wearing a year ago. 这就是她一年前穿的那条裙子。 Those shirts are all the same size. His birthday and hers are the same. 指示代词的练习 1、对比出真知,你能说出下列两组句子的区别吗? 1)This is my friend. (复数句)

初中英语语法知识—代词的知识点总复习有答案

一、选择题 1.—Shall we sit in the corner or by the window? —. I don’t mind. A.Both B.Neither C.No D.Either 2.Some farmers ________how to feed chickens. A.taught I B.taught us C.taught she D.taught we 3.I ate ______ at lunch because the food was terrible. A.anything B.nothing C.something D.everything 4.—Which one do you like better, English-Chinese dictionary or Words app? — I like________ of them. They are useful for English learners. A.none B.neither C.all D.both 5.—What do you know about bamboo? —Maybe bamboo has more uses than ________ in the world. A.any plant B.all the plants C.any other plant 6.The government is making an effort to improve the life of elderly people, many of whom are suffering(遭受) from either loneiness or poor health, or even___________. A.neither B.none C.all D.both 7.A new study shows that shouting at children may have the results that go beyond of beating(打)them. A.that B.those C.it D.ones 8.— Is there anything to drink in the fridge? — No, there is _____ left. A.all B.both C.neither D.none 9.---Who was knocking at the door just now? ---______ was my cousin Andy. A.He B.She C.They D.It 10.—When is your father’s birthday? —________ birthday is on April 2nd. A.He B.She C.His D.Him 11.Mr. Wang recommended me a few foreign movies, but ____was to my taste. A.all B.neither C.nothing D.none 12.I think ______ important to prepare more food for tomorrow’s party. A.that B.it C.this D.us 13.—Ellen, I picked up a white pen under your chair. Is this yours? —Oh, yes. It’s _______. Thank you, Lisa. A.she B.his C.mine D.your 14.I have tried several jackets, but _________ of them fits me well. A.both B.neither C.all D.none 15.---Lisa, would you like to climb Yuelu Mountain with me tomorrow?

【语法专项练习】代词专项练习

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代词知识点总结(word)

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第二人称-------第三人称--------第一人称 you ------- he/she/it -------- I eg: You,he and I should return on time. 2)复数人称代词作主语时,其顺序为: 第一人称------- 第二人称-------第三人称 We------you---------They 二. 物主代词:表示所有关系的代词叫做物主代词。又分为形容词性的物主代词和名词性的物主代词. 形容词性的物主代词:相当于形容词,后面要跟名词,指定名词的所属对象. 名词性的物主代词:相当于一个名词,必须单独使用,后面不能再跟名词. Eg: a. Your school is small, mine is big.(=my book) b. This is not your pen. Yours is on the desk.(=your pen) c. whose book is that ? It’s hers. (=her book) d. Their classroom is on the second floor. Ours is on the third floor.(=our classroom) e. Her bike is black. His is grey. Mine is blue.(=his bike, my bike) g.Those aren’t our books. Ours are on the floor. Those books are their.(=our /their books ) *人称代词划线,常用who (宾格可用whom)提问.物主代词划线常用whose提问。 三.指示代词: this 这个, that 那个these这些those那些 1.This 和these一般用来指在时间或空间上较近的人或事物,that和those则指时间和空间上较远的人或事物。 This is a pen and that is a pencil. We are very busy these days. 2.有时that和those指前面提到过的事物,this和these则是指下面将要讲到的事物。例如: I have a cold, that’s why I didn’t come. What I want to say is this:: pronunciation is very important in learning English. 3.This在电话用语中代表自己,that则代表对方。例如: Hello, this is marry. Is that Jack speaking?

指示代词“这”和“那”的区分和使用

指示代词“这”和“那”的区分和使用 在指示词语的分类这一部分,我们讲到了人称指示、时间指示、地点指示、语篇指示和社交指示五个方面。它们都涉及到了指示代词“这”和“那”,比如:这个人,那个女孩儿;这棵树,那张桌子;这个月,那年;等等。 的确,大家在日常交际中张口就会用“这”和“那”,并且极少出错,但到底何时用“这”,何时用“那”,为什么要用“这”,为什么不用“那”,我想很少人能说出个所以然来。下面我就根据我掌握的资料加上自己的理解来简单谈谈指示代词“这”和“那”的区分和使用。 要谈二者的区分我们首先必须选取一个参照物,否则无从谈起。 我们知道,在日常的交际中,指示系统一般是以说话人为中心组织起来的。 所以我们研究指示代词“这”和“那”时,一般也是以说话人自身作为参照物展开的。在此基础上,我们可以认为“这”和“那”使用上的区别,从本质上说就是被描述物与说话人之间距离的远近所造成的。这种距离可能是时间上的,可能是空间上的,可能是心理上的,也可能是情感上的。 一、从时间这个角度上看 一般来讲,在表示与现在有关的时候我们用“这”,在表示与过去或者将来有关的时候,我们用“那”。如: 1、你这会儿忙不忙?不忙的话陪我去买个发卡吧? 2、甲:“我怎么不知道上周老师布置作业了?” 乙:“你那天就没去上课,当然不知道了!” 第一句话中,说话者是想知道对方现在有没有时间,所以用“这”,“这会儿”讲的就是现在所处的时间;第二句话中,乙想让甲知道的是上周的那节课甲没去,所以用“那”,“那天”讲的就是已经过去的时间。 二、从空间这个角度上讲

“这”和“那”所指的都是以说话者说话时的位置来作为参照物来区分距离的远近。“这”一般是近指,靠近说话人的人或物;“那”一般是远指,远离说话人的人或物。例: 宿舍管理员阿姨一次进我们寝室通知事情,临走时说:“你们寝室这地拖的挺干净,刚才我在楼上一个寝室,他们那地脏的简直没法下脚······” 这个例子中,管理员阿姨身处我们寝室,距离我们近,所以用“这”,而说话的时候楼上的寝室距离她相对较远,自然用“那”更合适。 再如:我们站在一座楼上说对面一座楼的时候,肯定是说那座楼怎样,而不是用“这”。这也是因为近指远指的道理。 三、还与个人情感、心理有关 在表示关系比较近或有意要拉近彼此距离的时候,我们倾向于用“这”,相反,我们一般用“那”。这其实是一种心理距离上的远近。如: 1、妈妈下班回来兴奋地对我说:“我今天见以前咱们家隔壁的张阿姨了,她女儿今年出国留学了,还是公费的呢,唉,这丫头从小就聪明,还好 学。”2、妈妈从菜市场买菜回来:“唉,让那卖菜的给骗了,你看看这捆儿韭菜,外面一圈儿全是好的,里面都烂了。” 妈妈说“这丫头”表明了妈妈对张阿姨家女儿的喜爱和称赞,反映的是一种比较近的关系;而“那卖菜的”则体现出妈妈对他卖烂菜这种行为的不满,无形之中就拉开了彼此的距离。 四、此外,在语篇指示中,“这”和“那”还涉及到前指和后指。“这”一般是后指,“那”一般是前指。 这个方面,我们汉语可能感觉不明显,有时也不太适用。如: 1、中秋节的时候我们都要吃月饼,这是我们传统的节日习俗。 2、你可别拿着刀子到处乱捅啊,出了事儿,那可不是闹着玩儿的。 两句话中“这”和“那”都是前指,指代前面讲过的内容。

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