(新课标)2016高考英语阅读理解和短文改错选练(1)

（新课标）2016高考英语阅读理解和短文改错选练（1）

阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

In a recent announcement, Harvard and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology(MIT) said that they have joined forces to offer free online courses in an effort to attract millions of online learners worldwide.

Beginning this fall, a number of courses developed by teachers at both universities will be offered online through a new $60 million program, known as edX. “Anyone with an Internet connection anywhere in the world can use our online c ourses, ” Harvard President Drew Faust said during a meeting to announce the plan.

MIT has offered a program called OpenCourseWare for ten years that makes materials from more than 2, 000 classes free online. It has been used by more than 100 million people. In December, the school announced it also would begin offering a special certificate, known as MITx, for people who complete certain online courses. Harvard has long offered courses to a wider population through a similar program.

The MITx will serve as the foundation for the new learning platform.

MIT President Susan Hockfield said more than 120, 000 people signed up for the first MITx course. She said Harvard and MIT hope other universities will join them in offering courses on the open- source edX platform.

“Fasten your seatbelts, ” Hockfield said.

Other universities, including Stanford, Yale and Carnegie- Mellon, have been experimenting with teaching to a global population online.

The Harvard- MIT program will be monitored by a not- for- profit (非盈利的) organization based in Cambridge, to be owned equally by the two universities. Both MIT and Harvard have provided $30 million to start the program. They also plan to

use the edX platform to research how students learn and which teaching methods and tools are most successful.

1. According to this text, edX is .

A. a part of the free MIT OpenCourseWare

B. a free computer program by MIT and Harvard

C. a Harvard- MIT platform of free online courses

D. a free program online for universities worldwide

2. What is said about online education in the text?

A. Universities have been trying online courses.

B. About 2, 000 online courses have been offered.

C. Over 100 million people have finished courses online.

D. Stanford and Yale together have courses similar to edX.

3. The underlined part in the text probably means “”.

A. Get ready for the difficulties

B. Get ready for this educational change

C. Get prepared to complete the online courses

D. Get prepared to make materials for the edX courses

4. What can be said about MITx according to the text?

A. It is first offered as part of the edX learning program.

B. It is another free MIT- Harvard online learning program.

C. It is a standard to recognize online learners’achievement.

D. It is a new kind of free online course of Harvard and MIT.

【参考答案】1—4、CABC

阅读理解。

Love, success, happiness, family and freedom----how important are these values to you? Here is one interview which explores the fundamental questions in life. Question: Could you introduce yourself first? Answer: My name is Misbah, 27 years old. I was born in a war-torn area. Right now I'm a web designer. Q: What are your great memories? A: My parents used to take us to hunt birds, climb trees, and play in the fields. For me it was like a holiday because we were going to have fun all day long. Those are my great memories. Q: Does your childhood mean a lot to you? A: Yes. As life was very hard, I used to work to help bring money in for the family. I spent my childhood working, with responsibilities beyond my age. However, it taught me to deal with problems all alone. I learnt to be independent. Q: What changes would you like to make in your life? A: If I could change something in my life, I'd change it so that my childhood could have taken place in another area. I would have loved to live with my family in freedom. Who cares whether we have much money, or whether we have a beautiful house? It doesn't matter as long as I can live with my family and we are safe. Q: How do you get along with your parents? A: My parents supported me until I came of age. I want to give back what I've got. That's our way. But I am working in another city. My only contact with my parents now is through the phone, but I hate using it. It filters(过滤) out your emotion and leaves your voice only. My deep est feelings should be passed through sight, hearing and touch.

( ) 1. In Misbah's chi ldhood, _______________.

A. he was free from worry

B. he liked living in the countryside

C. he was fond of getting close to nature

D. he often spent holidays with his family

( ) 2. What did Misbah desire most in his childhood?

A. A colorful life.

B. A beautiful house.

C. Peace and freedom.

D. Money for his family.

( ) 3. How would Misbah prefer to communicate with his parents?

A. By chatting on the Internet.

B. By calling them sometimes.

C. By paying weekly visits.

D. By writing them letters.

( ) 4. If there were only one question le ft, what would it most probably be?

A. What was your childhood dream?

B. What is your biggest achievement?

C. What is your parents' view of you?

D. What was your hardest experience in the war?

【语篇解读】本文通过一个采访,把 Misbah 这个人的生活,成长展示给我们.

1. 答案 C 【解析】细节理解题.由 My parents used to take us to hunt birds, climb trees, and play in the fields. For me it was like a holiday because we were going to have fun all day long. Those are my great memories.可知,Misbah 喜爱大自然.所以答案选 C 项.

2. 答案 C 【解析】推理判断题. 根据文中 I would have loved to live with my family in freedom. Who cares whether we have much money, or whether we have a beautiful house? It doesn't matter as long as I can live with my family and we are safe.可知,作者向往和平自由的生活.故选 C 项.

3. 答案 C 【解析】细节理解题. 根据 My only contact with my parents now is through the phone, but I hate using it. It filters out your emotion and leaves your voice only. My deepest feelings should be passed through sight, hearing and touch. 可知, Misbah 讨厌在电话里与父母联系,因为它只剩下了声音,而 Misbah 想要的是与父母面对面的交流.四个选项中只有 C 项能够让 Misbah 与父母面对面.由此判断选 C 项.

4. 答案 B 【解析】推理判断题.其它三个问题在上文中都有所涉及,只有 B 项没有.所以如

果还剩一个问题,很有可能就是 B 项.

【由山东省2014模拟改编】

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

Welcome to Australia

The Great Outdoors

Australia is the world’s oldest continent and indigenous Australians have one of the world’s oldest culture．

In Australia you will see unique plants and animals and some of the most beautiful scenery in the world．Many parks have information centres offering advice on where to go, what to see and how to see it--for both your personal safety and to protect our sensitive, natural environment．

Banks and Money Matters

Banks are generally open between 9:30am and 4pm on Monday to Thursday and 9:30am and 5pm on Friday．

Foreign currency or traveller’s cheques can be changed at all banks and some of the larger hotels．There are currency exchange facilities at all international airports．

___________________

Take care! Our sunlight is very strong and you can get sunburnt．

For best sun protection, it is advisable to wear:

● A broad-brimmed hat

● A shirt with a collar and sleeves

●Sunscreen with high protection factor．

Swimming

We have so many beautiful places to swim--beaches, lakes, rivers and creeks．

●Many of our waters are safe for swimming, but if you have any doubts, ask before entering the water．

●Most of our popular ocean beaches have patrols with life-saving service．Red and yellow flags mark the area that you are advised to swim within．

●If there are no flags and no life guards on the beach, talk to local people about the best areas to swim．

Staying Safe on the Roads

●Australians drive on the left-hand side of the road．

●For safety, everyone in the car, including children, must wear a seat belt．

●Motor cyclists and bicyclists are required to wear a helmet．

●Watch out for native animals crossing the roads, especially at night．Road signs are erected in places where animals are commonly seen．

1．What is the best title of the third part of the passage?

A．The Sun B．Enjoy the Sun

C．Warning D．Outdoor Activities

2．If you arrive in Sydney at 5:10pm on Friday, where can you probably get your money changed on that day?

A．At a bank．B．At any hotel．

C．At a store D．At the airport

3．What advice can you get at the park information centre?

A．Advice on how to wear a broad-brimmed hat．

B．Advice on how to drive safely in the park．

C．Advice on how to protect our environment

D．Advice on where to go to see a kangaroo．

4．How can you ensure your safety when swimming?

A．You can swim in whichever lake you like

B．You should swim with the life guard．

C．You can swim where there are red flags．

D．Always find a local person to ask about how to swim．

5．Which of the following word might be the closest in meaning with the underlined word “erected”?

A．set up B．protected C．stood D．noticed 【参考答案】1---5 ADDCA

短文改错

文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一个横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2、只允许修改10处，多者（从十一处起）不计分。

I watch TV until 12 o’clock, so I couldn’t go over m y lessons. This morning I got up very late that I had to go to school without breakfast in hurry, but I was still late for the first class. When I entered the classroom, the maths teacher had to stop explain an important problem, and all the eyes were fixed upon me. My face turned red. Something even worse was happened to me in English class. The teacher asked me recite the text. However, I could say nothing and sorry, for I did not spend some time preparing my lessons. The teacher looked at me with his coldly eyes. I stood at my bench without daring to raise my head. How a terrible day I had! I will never do anything like this.

【参考答案】4.

I watch TV until 12 o’clock, so I couldn’t go over my lessons. This morning I got up very late

watched so

that I had to go to school without breakfast in∧ hurry, but I was still late for the first class. When

a

I entered the classroom, the maths teacher had to stop explain an important problem, and all the

explaining

eyes were fixed upon me. My face turned red. Something even worse was happened to me in

去掉

English class. The teache r asked me∧ recite the text. However, I could say nothing and sorry, for

to but

I did not spend some time preparing my lessons. The teacher looked at me with his

coldly eyes. I

any cold

stood at my bench without daring to raise my head. How a terrible day I had! I will never do

What

anything like this.

短文改错

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共

有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号（^），并在此符号下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

As we know, when senior students finish their school, most of their reference books are thrown away, which are still in good conditions．What a great waste it is!

I suggested that we should recycle all this books．On the one hand, recycling them can save a lot of natural resources, which are used to make textbooks．On the other hand, the notes on the books are helpful to whoever need them．

In fact, recycling textbooks has been increasing popular in such countries as America and Australia．We should learn from them, but make every effort to build energy-saving society．In my opinion, it is of many benefit both to our present and to

our future．

【参考答案】5.

As we know, when senior students finish their school, most of their reference

books are thrown away, which are still in good conditions. What a great waste it is!

condition

I suggested that we should recycle all this books. On the one hand, recycling

them

suggest these

can save a lot of natural resources, which are used to make textbooks. On the other hand, the notes on the books are helpful to whoever need them.

in needs

In fact, recycling textbooks has been increasing popular in such countries as increasingly

America and Australia. We should learn from them, but make every effort to

and

build∧energy-saving society. In my opinion, it is of many benefit both to

an much

our present and to our future.

6. 短文改错

Mrs. Williams, my next-door neighbor, have a big house with a beautiful

garden in front of them. She is very proud of her house because of it is always clean and tidy. While cleaned the carpets one day she suddenly saw a little mice run

across her dining room. She felt terrible ashamed, for she used to telling others that

mice were found only in dirty houses. She quickly asked her daughter Jenny help

catch the mouse. It takes them almost half an hour to catch the mouse. Afraid of

being laughed at by other people around her, Mrs. Williams wanted her daughter to

keep it the secret.

【参考答案】6.

1.have—has

2.them—it

3.of去掉

4.cleaned—cleaning

5. mice—mouse

6.terrible—terribly

7.telling—tell

8. help前加to 9.takes—took 10.the—a

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3．对症下药，各个击破。了解全文的大概意思之后，再把短文的问题简单看一遍，弄懂题意，然后带着问题再去寻读全文。这次阅读过程中要善于抓文章中的关键词句。寻读也就是迅速的查找需要了解的信息，是为某些特定的问题而阅读，因此阅读时要有较强的针对性，对与问题有关的数据，词句等仔细阅读，认真理解，同时结合不同考查内容的题型，采取如下解题对策： （1）事实询问题：这类试题通常是以疑问词what，who，when，where，why，how 等引起的特殊问句，就文章中某一词语、某一句子、某一段落或某一具体细节和事实进行提问。解答此类试题首先要弄清题目和每一个选项的含义，然后按题目要求寻找与之相关的细节，正确估计答案来源，同时注意题目和文章中的暗示作用。特别注意辨别各种信息，确认各种信息。 （2）推理判断题：此题要求我们通过表面文字信息去推测文章隐含的意思，对文章的发展情节及作者的态度、意图等做出合乎逻辑的的推理判断。这种题要求我们在阅读时要抓住文章的主题和细节、从分析文章的结构入手，根据上下文的内在联系，充分挖掘文章的深层含义。对暗含在文章中事件的因果关系，人物的动机，以及作者未言明的倾向、态度、意图、观点进行合乎逻辑的推理、分析和判断。同时善于抓住文中实质性的东西，不要被带假象的表面信息或似是而非的东西所迷惑。并且注意推断作者态度时要力求从作者的态度、观点去思考，切勿想当然，凭个人的观点习惯看法来回答的问题。 （3）数据推算题：此题要求我们就文章提供的数据，以及数据与文章中其他信息的关系做出计算和推断，然后做出选择。这就要求我们解题时，要在理解好题意的前提下去对与数据有关的信息认真分析，若数据信息较多，还要注意弄清数据之间的关系，同时分清有用与无用信息，最终作出正确判断。 （4）主旨大意题：此题用以考查我们对文章主题或中心思想的领会和理解能力。在解答此类试题时要注意每段的中心句，抓住每一段的主题句。一般主题句都用来表达一段主旨大意，因此，只要找准每段的主题句，文章的中心思想和文章的最佳标题也就不难确定了。

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一、高中英语阅读理解 1．阅读理解 Most adults find it hard to recall events from their first few years of life and now scientists have found exactly when these childhood memories fade(消失). A new study has found that most three-year-olds can recall a lot of what happened to them over a year earlier, and these memories persist while they are five and six, but by the time they are over seven, these memories decline(衰退) rapidly. Most children by the age of eight or nine can only recall 35% of their experiences from under the age of three, according to the new findings. The scientists behind the research say this is because at around this age the way we form memories begins to change. They say that before the age of seven children do not have a sense of time and place in their memories. In older children, however, the early events they can recall tend to be more adult-like in the way they are formed. Children also have a far faster rate of forgetting than adults. The findings also help to explain why children can often have clear memories of events but then forget them just a couple of years later. The youngsters first visited the laboratory at the age of three and discussed six unique events from their past, such as family outings, trips to the zoo, and the first day of school. The children then returned for a second session between the ages of five and nine to discuss the same events. The researchers found that between the ages of five and seven, the amount of memories the children could recall remained between 63 -72 percent. However, the amount of information eight-to nine-year-old children could recall dropped to 35 and 36 percent. （1）What does the new study tell us? A.Childhood memories decline with years. B.Three-year-old kids are the cleverest. C.Childhood memories can fade easily. D.Some adults cannot recall past events. （2）What does the underlined word "persist" in Paragraph 2 mean? A.Change. B.Remain. C.Appear. D.Return. （3）What can we learn from Paragraph 4? A.Adults cannot have clear memories of past events. B.Children can think like adults when they get older. C.Children under 7 years old have different ways of forming memories. D.Children often forget things because they have no idea of time or place. （4）In the second session, nine-year-old children _________. A.refused to discuss the same events B.remembered all their family outings C.could recall 72 percent of their past events