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被动语态的用法

一、语态概述

英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。

主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。例如：Many people speak English.

被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。例如：English is spoken by many people.主语English是动词speak的承受者。

二、被动语态的构成

被动语态由“助动词be＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。

一般现在时：am／is／are＋done

一般过去时：was／were＋done

一般将来时：will／shall be＋done

过去将来时：would+be+done

现在进行时：am／is／are being＋done

过去进行时：was/were being +done

现在完成时：have／has been＋done

三、被动语态的用法

1 不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。例如：

1) Some new computers were stolen last night.

一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了。(不知道电脑是谁偷的)

2) This book was published in 1981.这本书出版于1981年。

2 强调动作的承受者，而不强调动作的执行者。例如：

1) This book was written by him.这本书是他写的。

2) Eight hours per day for sleep must be guaranteed.每天8小时睡眠必须得到保证。

记忆歌诀：谁做的动作不知道，说出谁做的没有必要；动作承受者需强调，被动语态运用到。

四、主动语态变被动语态的方法

1 把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。

2 把谓语变成被动结构(be＋过去分词)，根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数，以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式。

3 把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语，将主格改为宾格。例如：

1) All the people laughed at him.= He was laughed at by all people.

2) They make the bikes in the factory.= The bikes are made by them in the factory.

记忆歌诀：宾变主，主变宾，by短语后面跟。谓语动词变被动，be

后“过分”来使用。

五、含有情态动词的被动语态

含有情态动词的主动句变成被动句时，由“情态动词＋be＋过去分词”构成，原来带to的情态动词变成被动语态后“to”仍要保留。

记忆歌诀：情态动词变动，情态加be加“过分”，原来带to要保留。例如：

1) We can repair this watch in two days. = This watch can be repaired in two days.

2) You have to take it away. = It have to be taken away.

3) They should do it at once. = It should be done at once.

（used to be done, seem to be done, happen to be done, be able to be done）六．特殊情况：1.省略to的词组，变被动必须加to。例如：

make sb. do sth.------sb. be made to do sth.

see sb. do sth.-----sb. be seen to do sth.

hear sb. do sth.-----sb.be heard to do sth.

例如：

He made me finish the work.

I was made to finish the work by me.

2．双宾语：

give sb.sth.(give sth.to sb.)-----sb.be given sth.(sth.be given to sb.)

buy sb.sth.(buy sth.for sb.)-----sb.be bought sth.(sth. be bought forsb.)

例如：

I gave him a new book.

He was given a new book by me.

A new book was given to him by me.

3.take place, go by, happen, come true, cost无被动。

初三英语综合基础性作业

1.Basketball _____after school twice a week.

A.is played

B.will be played

C.was played

2.A lift ______ to go up and down every day.

A.is used

B.are used

C.be used

3.Shoes ____ in the shop last year. A.was sold B.is sold C.were sold

4.In this game their hands __________.

A.not be seen

B.be not seen

C.can't be seen

5.These mooncakes _______ already by Mary.

A.will be eaten

B.haven't been eaten

C.have been eaten

6.He ______ to the hospital in a few minutes.

A.was taken

B.is taken

C.will be taken

7.My birthday cake _________yet.

A.is made

B.has been made

C.hasn't been made

8.English _______ in this school since 1980.

A.is taught

B.has been taught

C.was taught

9.The boy ______by Ling Feng.

A.are looked after

B.can be looked after

C.were looked after

10.These treasures ______since many years ago.

A.have been kept

B.were kept

C.are kept

11.The garden _______ a week ago.

A.is tidied

B.has been tidied

C.was tidied

12.He wanted to know if the tickets ______ to him tomorrow.

A.would be sent

B.will be sent

C.are sent

13.At the crossing, a policeman _____often ________.

.seen .seen .seen

14.Sometimes they _______ play football.

A.are seen to

B.are seen

C.will be seen to

15.All the clothes in the shop _______.

A.is tried on

B.was tried on

C.can be tried on

自我评价：

小组评价：

教师评价：

初三英语基础性作业

1.The worker said that he _______ a ladder at once.

A.needs

B.needed

C.was needed

D.is needed

2.A doctor _______for by her last month.

A.sent

B.were sent

C.was sent

D.sent

3.The doctor ________ Edison's mother.

A.was saved

B.has been saved

C.saved

D.have saved

4.Big pieces of metal ______ into small pieces here every day.

A.were cut

B.are cut

C.is cut

D.cut

5.A:Where is Jim's telephone number?

B:It ______ on the blackboard already.

A.writes

B.wrote

C.is written

D.has been written

6.The bag of rice _____until it was too late.

A.didn't see

B.didn't seen

C.isn't seen

D.wasn't seen

7.My English book _____. I can't lend it to you.

A.has been lost

B.was lost

C.has lost

D.lost

8.A:Have you found the ruler yet? B:Yes, it ___ in my bag two days ago.

A.has found

B.found

C.has been found

D.was found

9.He _______ the tree as often as possible.

A.is watering

B.water

C.must water

D.must be watered

10.A large hole _______ before we plant a tree.

A.must dig

B.should be dug

C.digs

D.are dug

11.The funny story ______ children have a good laugh.

A.makes

B.make

C.is made

D.is make

12.Can most work _______by robots.

A.do

B.does

C.is done

D.be done

13.Our football team _______ at last.

A.won

B.win

C.was won

D.will be won

14.Our Party _______ on July 1, 1921.

A.found

B.was found

C.was founded

D.founded

15.Many old things ______on show in the museum.

A.will be seen

B.will see

C.was seen

D.see

自我评价：

小组评价：

初三英语拓展性作业

用所给动词的正确时态和语态填空。

1.In winter children in the north often __________(play) with snow.

2.More and more schools ___________(build) here later.

3.Jim ___________(eat) up all the cakes yesterday.

4.Many new things __________(invent) in the last ten years.

5.All the shoes __________(sell) out last week.

6.How long _______ the book _________(can keep)?

7.Father said he _________(stop) smoking soon.

8.The babies here _________(take) good care of every day.

9.A wounded man came to the policeman and _______(ask) for help.

10.A:Look, the girl ______(play) the piano.

B:Yes. She ________often ________(see) to do so in her room.

11.Mary has been ill for days. I _______(try) to help her with her lessons when she ________(come) back.

12.Some top students _____(send) to study in foreign countries once a year.

13.The teachers __________(prepare) their lessons when I came in.

14.Where are the apples? I think they _______(eat) by those boys.

15.We ______(open) the box and two new coats ______(see) in it.

将下列句子改为被动语态。

1.We often sing this song.

2.He broke the glass yesterday.

3.She will borrow the book soon.

4.He is watching the football match now.

5.They has finished the work already.

6.We call him Tom.

7.We must do something to help her?

8.what did you say at the meeting?

9.He gave me some old books.

10.We should allow them to choose their own clothes.

自我评价：

教师评价：

初三英语实践性作业2012.4

（)1._____ a new library _____ in our school last year?

A.Is; built

B.Was; bulit

C.Does; build

D.Did; build ( )2.An accident ____ on this road last week.

A.has been happened

B.was happened

C.is happened

D.happened ( )3.Cotton ____ in the southeast of China.

A.is grown

B.are grown

C.grows

D.grow

( )4.So far,the moon ____ by man already.

A.is visited

B.will be visited

C.has been visited

D.was visited ( )5.A talk on Chinese history _____ in th school hall next week.

A.is given

B.has been given

C.will be given

D.gives

( )6.How many trees ____ this year?

A.are planted

B.will plant

C.have been planted

D.planted ( )7.A lot of things ____ by people to save the little girl now.

A.are doing

B.are being done

C.has been done

D.will be done ( )8.Neither of them ______ in China.

A.is made

B.are made

C.were made

D.made

( )9.Look! A nice picture ____ for our teacher.

A.is drawing

B.is being drawn

C.has been drawn

D.draws ( )10.Your shoes ____. You need a new pair.

A.wear out

B.worn out

C.are worn out

D.is worn

( )11.The doctor _____ for yet.

A.isn't sent

B.hasn't been sent

C.won't be sent

D.wasn't sent ( )12.--When ___ this kind of computers______? --Last year.

A.did; use

B.was; used

C.is; used

D.are; used ( )13.The Great Wall ____ all over the world.

A.knows

B.knew

C.is known

D.was known ( )14.I ____ in summer.

A.born

B.was born

C.have been born

D.am born ( )15.He says that Mr Zhang _____ to the factory next week.

A.is sent

B.would send

C.was sent

D.will be sent

自我评价：

小组评价：

教师评价：

被动语态的几种特殊用法

被动语态的几种特殊用法(1)主动形式表示被动意义 1)常见的这类动词有：“act，add up，clean，compare，count，cook，draw，fill，iron，keep，let，look，make up，milk，kill，open，photograph，prove，read，sell，smoke，spoil”等。 The window won't open．(这扇窗户打不开。) The cow milks well．(这头牛出奶率很高。) Damp wood will not fire．(湿木不易燃烧。) She doesn't photograph well．(她不上相。) His judgment proved wrong．(他的判断是错的。) The banana peels easily．(香蕉皮剥起来很容易。) Flies kill easily in autumn．(秋天苍蝇容易死亡。) It turned out fine that day．(结果那天天气很好。) How did his coat catch on a nail? (他的衣服怎么钩到钉子上了?) 2)实用动词“need／want／deserve／require +V-ing(动名词)”形式表示被动意义。 My hair needs cutting。． The bike wants repairing． It doesn't deserve mentioning． Hamlet is required reading for the course．(《哈姆雷特》为本课程指定读物。) 3)一些固定句型如：e worth doing sth．have/get sth．猨?搩湯履，以及to be under(in)+抽象名词等表示被动意义： Beijing is a big city in China and worth visiting．(北京是中国的一个大城市，值得浏览。) Mr.．Wilson had his wallet stolen the day before yesterday．(威尔逊先生前天丢了一个钱包)。 The bike is under(in)repair．(自行车正在修理中。) This tape recorder is in use．(这种录音机正在使用中。) 4)一些不定式的主动态表示被动意义： ①There be句型： There are a lot of things to do． There is nothing to worry about． ②不定式修饰want, have等动词的宾语，而句中的主语同时又不是不定式的逻辑主语时： I want some clothes to wash． Do you have anything to say for yourself? ③不定式修饰buy，get，give等动词的直接宾语，而句中的间接宾语又是不定式的逻辑主语时：

【精品】英语被动语态用法总结(完整)

【精品】英语被动语态用法总结(完整) 一、单项选择被动语态 1．The house, which _____ last night, ____ my aunt but she doesn’t live there any more. A．was broken into; is belonged to B．broke into; is belonged to C．broke into; belonging to D．was broken into; belongs to 【答案】D 【解析】【详解】考查被动语态和主动语态。句意：这所房子昨晚被拆了，它属于我的姑妈，但她已经不在那里住了。第一空，根据last night 及句意可知句子用一般过去时态的被动语态，break into“破门而入”，答案为was broken into；第二空，belong to“属于”，无进行和被动语态，结合句意可知句子用一般现在时态，答案为belongs to。故选D。 2．(江苏四校第四次考试)The flood has caused a lot of damage to that area and the figures of the missing________shortly. A．will be published B．have been published C．had been published D．are published 【答案】A 【解析】考查时态。shortly不久，不多时，在句中作时间状语，表示将来，所以空处应该用将来时。句意为：这场洪水给那一地区造成了很大损失，失踪人数很快就会公布。答案：A 3．At the awarding ceremony held in Tokyo, the scientists were surprised by what ______ in science and technology. A．has discovered B．has been discovered C．had discovered D．had been discovered 【答案】D 【解析】句意：在东京举行的颁奖仪式上，科学家们惊讶于科学技术的发现。科学家们感到惊讶是过去式，故科学技术发现用过去完成时，what于动词discover是被动关系，故选D。 4．The si nger’s music video nearly 9 million times since it was posted on the Internet four weeks ago. A．viewed B．has viewed C．was viewed D．has been viewed 【答案】D 【解析】试题分析：考查动词时态与语态辨析。A. viewed，一般过去式；B. was viewed过去式的被

英语语法：被动语态的用法

英语语法：被动语态的用法 1. 一般现在时的被动语态构成：is / am / are + 及物动词的过去分词 Our classroom is cleaned everyday. 我们教室每天都被打扫。 I am asked to study hard. 我被告知要努力学习。 Knives are used for cutting things. 刀是用来切东西的。 2. 一般过去时的被动语态构成：was / were + 及物动词的过去分词 A new shop was built last year. 去年修了一座新商店。 Dinosaur eggs were laid long long ago. 恐龙蛋被放置了很久很久。 3. 一般将来时的被动语态构成：will+ be + 及物动词的过去分词 A new hospital will be built in our city. 我们城市将要修建一家新医院。 Many more trees will be planted next year. 明年会种更多的树。 4. 现在实行时的被动语态构成：am / is / are + being + 及物动词的过去分词 Uncle Wang is mending my bike now.→ My bike is being repaired by Tom now. 王叔叔正在修理我的自行车。

They are planting trees over there. → Trees are being planted over there by them. 他们在那里种植的树木。 5. 现在完成时的被动语态构成：has / have + been + 及物动词的过去分词 This book has been translated into many languages. 这本书被翻译成多种文字。 Many man-made satellites have been sent up into space by many countries. 在很多国家有很多人造卫星被送上了太空。 6.过去实行时的被动语态构成：was/were + being + 及物动词的过去分词 The boy was being operated on when his parents hurried to the hospital.当他的父母赶到医院的时候这个男孩正在做手术。 The new road was being made.这条新路正在修筑。 7.过去完成时的被动语态构成：had + been + 及物动词的过去分词 The classroom hadn’t been cleaned before the teacher came. 在老师来之前，教室尚未打扫。 The tickets had been sold out before I came to the cinema.在门票被销售一空前我赶到了电影院。 8.将来完成时的被动语态构成：shall/will + have done

被动语态的基本用法

被动语态的基本用法一. 何时使用被动语态 1. 不知道谁是动作的执行者或没有必要如：Paper is made from wood. The house is quite old. It was built in 1950. He was wounded in the fight. 2. 需要强调动作的承受者时如：Calwlator can't be used in the maths exam. Books and newspapers in the reading room mustn't be taken away. He was awarded first prize in that contest. 3为了使语气婉转，避免提及自己或对方而使用被动语态，或由于修饰的需要，使用被动语态，使句子得以更好的安排。如：The construction of the new lab must be completed by the end of next month. Electricity is used to run machines. 二. 被动语态的构成 1. be+done 可以是被动语态，也可以是系表结构形式。被动语态中，done可以带by短语，而系表结构中done相当于adj. 不带by短语。如：The question is settled. (系表结构) Such questions are settled by us. (被动语态) The composition is well written. (系表结构) The composition is written with great care . (被动语态) The job was well done. (系表结构) The job was well done by a skilled worker. (被动语态) 2. 许多verbs(broken, interested, shut, worried), 既可以用做adj.也可以在被动语态结构中做过去分词。句中如果有by，通常是被动语态。如：I was worried abeutyou all night. (表状态)

英语被动语态用法总结(完整)

英语被动语态用法总结(完整) 一、单项选择被动语态 1．More than one worker ______ dismissed. A．have been B．are C．has been D．has 【答案】C 【解析】【详解】考查主谓一致和语态。句意：不止一个工人被解雇了。如果主语由"many a,more than one ＋单数名词"构成，尽管从意义上看是复数，但谓语动词仍用单数形式，故排除A和B，“工人”和“解雇”之间是被动关系，用被动语态，故选C。 2．________sco res of times, but Derek still couldn’t understand how to use past participle in a concrete situation. A．Having explained B．Having been explained C．Though it was explained D．It was explained 【答案】D 【解析】因为有连词but，前面应是完整的句子，排除A,B; Though不能和but同时使用，所以选D。 3．—Have you heard about that school bus accident? —Yes, fortunately all on board including the driver ________. A．were saved B．was saved C．have saved D．has been saved 【答案】A 【解析】考查动词时态和语态。句意为：——你有没有听说那起校车事故？——嗯，幸运的是，车上所有的人包括司机都获救了。由题干中的Have you heard...可知，事故发生在过去，且all 为主语，和save逻辑上构成被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态，故答案A符合语境。 4．The new library ________; it will be open next year. A．had been built B．was built C．was being built D．is being built 【答案】D 【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：图书馆正在建设中；明年开放。根据后面一句可推知，图书馆是正在建设中，所以要用进行时，图书馆是被建的，要用被动。所以本句要用现在进行时的被动语态。故选D。

英语被动语态用法详解

英语被动语态用法详解一、单项选择被动语态 1．The classroom ________ by students every day. A．cleans B．cleaned C．is cleaned D．is cleaning 【答案】C 【解析】【详解】考查时态和被动语态。句意：教室每天都由学生打扫。句子主语The classroom，单数第三人称形式，与谓语动词clean之间是被动关系，再结合every day，可知句子用一般现在时态的被动语态，故选C。 2．The two nurses ________ 100，000 yuan by the police but donated it to victims of the explosion. A．rewarded B．would be rewarded C．have been rewarded D．had been rewarded 【答案】D 【解析】试题分析：句意：这两位护士被警方奖赏100，000元，但是她们把钱捐给了爆炸事故的受害者。根据“but donated it to victims of the explosion.”，可知“她们把钱捐给了爆炸事故的受害者”已经是发生在过去的事情，而“两位护士被警方奖赏100，000元”是发生在过去的过去，故用过去完成时，且“两位护士”和“奖赏”是被动关系，故用被动语态，选D。考点：考查时态和语态 3．(江苏四校第四次考试)The flood has caused a lot of damage to that area and the figures of the missing________shortly. A．will be published B．have been published C．had been published D．are published 【答案】A 【解析】考查时态。shortly不久，不多时，在句中作时间状语，表示将来，所以空处应该用将来时。句意为：这场洪水给那一地区造成了很大损失，失踪人数很快就会公布。答案：A 4．The affairs of each country should be by its own people. A．elected B．settled C．developed D．contained 【答案】B 【解析】考查动词。句意为：各国事务应由自己国家的人们解决。由句意可知，选settle，

被动语态的结构及用法

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