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2015级二下口试话题

Topic 1: A Logical Fallacy I Have Committed

1) Define the concept of logic fallacy;

2) Talk about a logical fallacy you have committed;

3) Why is it a fallacy ? and what caused it?

Topic 2: The Pursuit of Beauty

1) What is beauty in your eyes?

2) Your understanding of physical beauty and inner beauty;

3) Which to pursue: physical beauty or inner beauty? and how to achieve it? Topic 3: The Entrepreneur I Admire Most

1) Basic information about this entrepreneur;

2) Why and what makes you admire him or her ?

3) What can you learn from him or her?

Topic 4: Culture Differences

1) What do culture differences mean? Can you give some examples?

2)What problems may be caused by our failure to recognize cultural differences?

3) How will you prepare yourself to become “culturally competent”?

Topic 5: Gender Equality

1) Your understanding of gender stereotype

2) The phenomenon of gender inequality in China.

3) What should be done to achieve or improve gender equality?

Topic 6: Should Men and Women Be Equal?

1) Some people think men are superior to women in ability.

2) But others believe that women have the ability to challenge men in many ways.

3) Your opinion.

1.A fallacy is the use of invalid or otherwise faulty reasoning, or "wrong moves",in the construction of an argument. A fallacious argument may be deceptive by appearing to be better than it really is. Some fallacies are committed intentionally to manipulate or persuade by deception, while others are committed unintentionally due to carelessness or ignorance.

Fallacies are defects that weaken arguments; Logical fallacies are errors in reasoning that invalidate the argument. McMullin (2000), a clinical psychologist, explains that: "Logical fallacies are unsubstantiated assertions that are often delivered with a conviction that makes them sound as though they are proven facts".

There are some types of logical fallacies:Hasty generalization,Missing the point,false cause,and Slippery slope.Let me introduce some cases.

First,hasty generalization.

Making assumptions about a whole group or range of cases based on a sample that is inadequate (usually because it is atypical or just too small). Stereotypes about people ("frat boys are drunkards," "grad students are nerdy," “women don’t enjoy sport”etc.) are a common example of the principle underlying hasty generalization. Second ,Missing the point.

A and

B are debating about the law.

A: Does the law allow me to do that?

B: The law should allow you to do that because this and that.

B missed the point. The question was not if the law should allow, but if it does or not.

Third,false cause.

Which means as "after this, therefore because of this." Assuming that because B comes after A, A caused B. Of course, sometimes one event really does cause another one that comes later.But sometimes two events that seem related in time aren't really related as cause and event. That is, correlation isn't the same thing as causation.

All in all,it is lacking of logical thinking that cause logical fallacy.Avoiding fallacies will strengthen our ability to produce strong arguments. It is important to note that.That all,thank you.

2.From my perspective,beauty is not only as a characteristic of a person's appearance,but also a characteristic of an animal, idea, object, person or place that provides a perceptual experience of pleasure or satisfaction. Beauty is studied as part of aesthetics, culture, social psychology and sociology,often involves an interpretation of some entity as being in balance and harmony with nature, which may lead to feelings of attraction and emotional well-being.

Besides, physical beauty is the degree to which a person's physical features are considered aesthetically pleasing or beautiful.It means one person has healthy body.While inner beauty is opposite of physical beauty.It is not appearance but soul of people’s spirit world,which includes psychological factors such as personality, intelligence, grace, politeness, charisma, integrity, congruence and elegance, etc.

Focusing on what you enjoy about your personality, your life, and your individual circumstances rather than external factors, including your appearance, can help you radiate positively and commendable personality qualities to others.

There are steps you can take to focus on creating an inner beauty.First of all,think positively about your personality rather than your external appearance.Second,inner beauty reflected by one people’s inner spirit world.Do more reading,expand you horizon,which will be good way to enrich you spirit.Third,expand your self-knowledge and awareness. Self-discovery can give you the tools to make the necessary changes to your life that lead to cultivating inner beauty. Seek new experiences, ask advice from others, and set achievable goals for your life and career. Challenge yourself with new experiences and ideas. Take a class, try a new sport, or try a new hobby. Expanding your thought process can spark creativity and push your boundaries for the better.As for physical beauty,maintain health on the outside. Part of creating and maintaining inner beauty involves ensuring that you maintain a regular health routine.Exercise is also key to improving your mood. It alleviates long-term depression and provides short-term emotional benefits.As an added benefit, regular exercise revitalizes skin, reverses aging, and reduces cellulite, all of which can lead to increased confidence and feelings of well-being.That’s all thank you.

4.From my perspective,culture difference means:different language,different thinking logical,different life style and different sense of worth.For example,Chinese people do not have the same concept of privacy as Americans do. They talk about topics such as ages, income or marital status, which Americans think is annoying and intrusive.Besides,basically China values the community and the US values the individual. If you achieve something in the US, it's because you were great. While in China, if you achieve something in China it's because the team, or family, or company is great. Everything you do gets attributed to the greater whole, while in America individual merits are celebrated.

Some problems may be caused by our failure to recognize cultural differences.For example,because of the lack of awareness of culture differences, some words and deeds can hurt the other feelings, such as religion, customs, and so on;Additionally,it maybe cause communication problems,which often derive from basic differences in values between cultures.What’s more, cultural differences may give rise to misunderstandings and conflicts of the types. It is often the case that cultural differences are used as the pretext for starting a war, discrimination against certain nationalities and cultural groups, etc. In such a case, there is a combination of misunderstanding between cultures and a clear political, ideological or economic motive to the conflict. The results of cultural differences can be many and various in normal life, ranging from misunderstandings which can be laughed away, to threats to the very existence of a person.

So we should prepare ourselves to become “culturally competent”.Firstly,we can read more books about culture difference to get more knowledge.Secondly,as the

saying goes,When in Rome, do as the Romans do.It is necessary for us to respect different culture.Finally,the most thing is to do actions rather than just saying.

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