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大学英语综合教程四级必考笔记

大学英语综合教程四级必考笔记→

符号说明：=引出解释/词义相同，[]表示用法相同，批注表示待确认，~加粗表示一个词系的词，荧光，数字表示页码。

Shape = to have great influence on sb;determine the nature of

sth. e.g.1.These events helped to shape her future career.这些事情对她的未来事业产生重大影响。 e.g.2.Her attitudes were shaped partly by her early experiences.她的想法一定程度上由她的早期经历决定。

一定程度上：partly, to an extent, to some extent, to some degree

conform 与……一致

off and on=from time to time=sometimes断断续续地，有时

e.g.It has been raining on and off for a week, that's why the

clothes feel damp(潮湿的）.

Belleville=a city in a coal mining region,has diverse industry.

possibility=likelihood e.g.They haven't arrived yet. There's the

possibility that they've taken the wrong road.

take hold=become established生根，确立 e.g.Old habits die hard. （很难摆脱）That's why you should stop smoking before

the habit takes hold.

bored get/be bored by sth; grow bored with a crashing bore/a frightful bore/an insufferable bore/an utter bore讨厌之极的人/事

Assignment=a piece of work given to a particular person（分配的）工作，任务，作业~assign assign sth to sb=assign sb sth

[give] e.g. Some work to do on holiday was assigned.

turn out = (1) come out or gather as for a meeting, public event, etc. e.g.1.A large group of protester(抗议者）have turned out. e.g.2.Crowd turned out for the procession. (2) prove e.g. The plan turned out a failure/success. (3)shut off turn out the light (4)produce e.g. The school has turned

out some great scholars.

agony=painful

anticipate+gerund（动名词）/that e.g.1. They anticipate that deaths from AIDS will have doubled by 2005. e.g.2. We anticipate running into problems in carrying out the medical

welfare reform.(医改) e.g.3. We anticipate hearing from you. cheerless ~cheering欢呼~cheerful~cheerleader拉拉队长

That most tedious of subjects=the most tedious subject of all

subjects.

Have a reputation for 因……

be able to do,have the ability to do <=> be capable of

Inspire sb to do an inspired guess凭灵感做出的猜测e.g.1.Martin Luther King Jr's speeches inspired people to fight

for equal treatment of African Americans. e.g.2.The last leaf on

the tree that never fell off inspired the dying patient with the

will to live on. ~inspiration+to do e.g.Her work shows real inspiration.

Rigid=fixed in behavior, views or methods; strict e.g.If he had

been a little less rigid about things, his daughter would not have left home at such a young age.

Hopeless be hopeless at对……一窍不通 a hopelessly ill patient绝症

Be/go out of date/old fashioned<=>be fashionable/up to date bring sth up to date

Prim=stiffly (too) formal or correct in behavior and showing a

dislike of anything rude and improper. A prim dress端庄prim appearance prim and proper[negative]过于古板和认真Severe=1朴素的:Hemingway is known for his severe writing style. 2 stern, strict: be severe on/with e.g. Only those who have undergone severe training can be accepted into the air

force. 3 剧烈的 e.g. The severe chest pain experienced by the

Vice-president proved to be a heart attack.

Glasses=spectacles, contact lens

Wavy 卷曲的有波纹的

He wore prim suits with neckties set primly against the collar

buttons of his white shirts.

Comic滑稽的

tackle e.g. The question set by the teacher was so difficult that

pupils did not know how to tackle it.

Distribute=divide and give out among people, places, etc. distribute sth among/to sb. {词根}tribute e.g. films tribute(n.)/dedicated to the national day; pay tribute to [contribute, attribute to把..归因于]

Simple-minded=showing very little intelligence narrow/open-minded; high-minded思想高尚; strong-minded

意志坚强

Due e.g.1. The book is due to publish in Nov. e.g.2. The train is

due in 15 minutes.

Face up to e.g. Now that your daughter was born, you’ll have to face up to the responsibilities of being a father.

A sequence of一连串相关事物 a sequence of dance movements

Image an image ambassador of..[product]

In my mind’s eye~ mental images 脑海

定语后置 e.g.1. A list has been drawn up of words we have learned so far. E.g.2. All is not gold that glitters(闪闪发光). Scanner扫描仪

Spaghetti-not taste pulpy (多汁的) poke戳scoop舀prong叉子的尖头

Recall +n/gerund/that clause e.g.1.I don’t recall ever meeting her. E.g.2.She recalled that she had to see the doctor

again that afternoon. Remind sb. Of doing/to do/that clause

Drive sth home将…讲透彻

Argument ∶get into/break off(中止)/terminate（结束）/settle(解决)/put forward; offer(提出论点)/confute(驳倒)an argument Awake The letters awoke old fears.

Violate=act against e.g. Speeding downtown areas violates traffic regulations.<=>violet紫罗兰violent剧烈的

A failing/passing grade

Respectable=1 值得尊敬的:a respectable couple respectful尊敬的: talk to him at a respectful distance 2 decent/proper合乎礼仪的，礼貌的

Composer作曲家

The graded papers the corrected papers

Report to sb for sth: I was ordered to report for training to the

artillery officers.

Discipline: tighten discipline加强纪律；keep discipline维持纪

律learn discipline学会遵守纪律

Speak/talk/say/laugh out loud

Contempt 轻视，轻蔑

Ridicule=making or being made fun of. 1 In contempt of对……不屑一顾Do sth in contempt of heaven and hell天不怕，地不怕2 to hold sb up to ridicule嘲笑

Hold back =1 to prevent the expression of feelings, tears, etc.

e.g. Johnny cried bitterly in the classroom, not even attempting to hold back the tears. 2 make sb/sth stop moving forward e.g.The en built banks(堤）of earth to hold back the rising flood water. 3 to prevent the development of

e.g.You could become a good musician, but your lack of practise is holding you back. 4 keep secret. e.g.Tell me about

it, don't hold anything back.

Be pure delight at

Power=the faculty(能力，技能，功能）of the body or mind e.g.1 We'll have to use all of our powers of persuasion. e.g.2 He has lost the power of speech.失去说话能力

Career, profession, trade

At the eleventh hour

As it were=so to speak=as one might say

Put the final seal on my happiness. definite. A seal of approval

e.g.This project needs the government's seal of approval.正式批准。e.g.2 A last-minute goal set/put the seal on Tottenham's

victory. e.g.3 This award has set a seal on the successful stage

career.

BOOK 2

?Raining reflects on a visit to China.

Reflect=think,consider. e.g. When we feel sorry for ourselves,we should reflect that there are others less fortunate than we are.

Reflect on/upon=think deeply about. e.g. I must reflect on how

to answer the question. Please reflect on your action/ behavior.

反省

Reflect well/badly on证明在某方面表现好/差 e.g.This scandal reflected badly on this party as a whole.丑闻对该党整体影响不好Bad manners often reflect on one's parents.粗鲁举止让父母丢脸

?thought

Can you read her thoughts?=can you guess what she is thinking

about?

Don't keep your thoughts to yourself.不要闷在心里。

That woman has not got a thought in her head.没脑子

Thoughts [pl.]=ideas. e.g. My thoughts on this issue

?the bustling eastern Chinese city

Bustling=busy,full of noise/activities e.g. A bustling trade town.

贸易兴隆的小镇

Bustle vt/vi-in/transitive e.g. You have to bustle your roommate

to school.催促

bustle with e.g. The office bustled with people and activity.办公室挤满了人，十分忙碌。

?arts=the arts=the fine arts=art文科

An arts degree文科学位

工engineering理science

?elementary school入门的

《=》primary school初等的，小学年龄的grade school grandma school

?the most telling lessons=

1 impressive=have a noticeable effect

Telling argument 有力的论据

2 流露感情的 a telling smile/remark

。产生依恋，留恋，爱慕

?be attached to=对。

e.g.I've never seen 2 people so attached to each other.

We've been so much attached to this campus that we don't

want to move.

Do you have a strong attachment to your family?

<=>affiliated hospital/school附属医院

?block

My nose is blocked.鼻塞block the traffic妨碍交通

Your stubborn attitude is a block to the progress.强硬的

A block of marvel一块大理石

?position

Don't position yourself too close to the fire.

Be in a/no position to do由于某些条件（不）可能……

In/out of position Be in position, players.各就各位

Put oneself in sb's( sb else's) position设身处地地着想

?vigor

You are in your prime and full of vigor.年富力强，精力旺盛。Energetically

Music of tremendous vigor极大的，绝妙的

?tender=

1 young, easy damaged or hurt.

e.g. Tender plants at/of a tender age

tender foot.[pl. Tender foots]=inexperienced

2 gentle, loving, 关心，爱护

a tender parent慈母/父

Be tender to/ towards..

A tender smile温柔

A tender glance含情脉脉地

?not in the least=not at all

?bother

He didn't even bother to say thank you.费心。他连谢谢都不说一声。Rudeness bothers me.讨厌粗鲁表现

Bother one's head/oneself about/with sth.为。。操心e.g. I've grown up so don't bother your head about me.

Can't be bothered 不愿出力/找麻烦 e.g.He behaved as if he couldn't be bothered.

It bothers that he is so sensitive/he couldn't finish it in time.让人不痛快

?bang=strike violently, to make a loud voice e.g. Strike with a fist

拳头

Bang goes sth破灭e.g. Bang goes his hope of promotion.提拔The idea hit him with a bang.突然产生的主意

?find its way into the slot=reach the destination

?initia l. n.首写字母Please sign your initials here.

a. The first/beginning

Initiative n.On one's own initiative主动，自发

Take the initiative in倡导，发起.....

v.开始实施

?Any Chinese staff member nearby would come over to watch

him and, noting his lack of initial success, attempt to assist. =noticing/observing

?hold onto one's hand=not let go of抓住，握住

Hold onto your hat while walking on such a windy day.

[Rock climbing] Hold onto the rock to stop yourself slipping.

?expectantly=hopefully

She's expecting a child=pregnant

An expectant mother/father孕妇/准爸爸

Turn expectant eyes on sb.投以期待目光

?await =wait for

?on occasion=now and then=sometimes

<=>on the occasion在。。场合/情况下

?neglect清楚的、可以做到的事，没有做

?incident-indicate things in international politics e.g. The 911 incident was not an accident.

Ordinary incident of daily life日常事务

?be (ir)relevant to 介词

Relevance bear/have relevance to

?冒号表示后文为对前文进一步解释

?shed/cast/throw (new) light on=to help explain/understand

Shed new light on cause of the disease医学新发现

?exception

An exception to the rule

With no exception

?ultimate

1 基本的the ultimate principles

2 最终的=final the ultimate outcome结局

?desirable

This is the desirable solution to the problem.称心的，想要的

It's the most desirable that......再好不过了[+虚拟should]

?complete做了一半完成另一半

finish圆满完成

accomplish成功做到 e.g. He's a man who hasn't accomplished anything.

An accomplished fact既定事实

Accomplishments=achievements

Celerbrate the accomplishments of one's objective目标

?in due course=eventually

?accomplishments can be modeled for him.

Take sb. As an example for one's action.

Model on sth以。。为榜样 e.g. She modeled herself on her favorite novelist.

?matter to sb=be important to sb

?principal=chief,main

n.中小学校长,主要领导，相关人<=>president 大学校长，大型企业/公司老总

?child rearing

1培养=raising rear poultry饲养家禽

2 后部at the rear of the plane

Rear lamp后车灯

?self-employed 个体户

Self-observed只管自己

Self-centered

Self-concious e.g.He's self-conscious about his appearance.在

意

?whether it be the subjunctive mood

?in retrospect=looking back sth/upon reflection

Retrospective show回顾展

Retrospective thoughts怀旧想法

?It pointed to important differences in...=suggest/indicate

e.g. All the evidence points to his guilt.

?well-intentioned心怀好意的<=>ill-intentioned

Well/ill-bred有教养的

Well-timed选时很好的

?come to sb's rescue=come to help

?with extreme fac ility熟练的，娴熟的

Facility =the ability to do things easily have a facility for sth/doing sth

?mode and shape one's performance塑造，影响=determine the nature of

?so much so that=to such a degree/an extent that

?continual repeated, going on all the time

<=>continuous flight飞机直飞不中转，nonstop

?a classroom/university setting 环境

?work on perfecting their craft=try hard to improve

Craft-skill in the use of hand

Crafty=cunning狡诈的 e.g. A crafty old fox

?in terms of=as we got

?reverse

1 n. The reverse of

e.g.People often think that children's shoes are cheaper than adults', but the fact is the reverse of it.

2 adj. Reverse of/to与……相对

The reverse trend相反的趋势

3 v. Reverse the car=back the car......into the parking lot

~reversible a reversible coat可以翻过来穿

?priority 优先考虑的事

Give first/top priority to...

My first/top priority this semester is to pass CET4.=College English Test band 4

?departure n.=venture ；to act different from sth

Working on a farm is a departure/venture.大胆的尝试

This is a departure from the old customs.与传统习俗相违背

?inseparable~separate from

?evolve to/from

?value. v.=have a high opinion of sth

We value truth above anything else.

Do you value her as a friend?

?harbor=

1 to keep in mind secretly心怀……

Harbor suspicion 心存疑虑

Harbor the thoughts of revenge

2 窝藏（罪犯/赃品）

Harbor a wanted man

Harbor an escaped prisoner

?there is no comparable hurry to promote creativity

No comparable相比而言没有必要

?fearless of consequences不计后果的

Fearsome e.g.a fearsome look样子可怕的/让人触目惊心的情景 a fearsome task让人望而却步的

?overstate=exaggerate

~overeat, oversleep, overact行为过激，overwork

?innovation革新

?examine=study carefully

?develop a film

Develop a theory阐述某一理论

Develop illness 逐渐患上

?valid 有根据的，逻辑上行得通的

e.g. The ticket is valid in 24 hours. The ID card is a valid proof of your identity.

?foster培养

e.g. Foster the growth of local industries

?balance=to find the middle point between 2 things

It's difficult to strike a balance between justice and expediency.私利

?Are you superior to the 5 year program students?

?achievements accumulated by predecessors

?dinner jacke t=tuxedo/tuk'si:dou/

?franchise retail store特许经营零售店

Retailing

?with a collective net worth of集体净资产

?lavish=luxurious

?wheel v. =drive=sit at the wheel

Wheel a patient into an operating room

?sleepy<=>bustling

?discount chain/shop/store/warehouse仓库

Discount-at a lower price/supplying cheaper things

?simple=frugal

?no palace=not luxurious<=>not a palace

No teacher不具备teaching skills,不够资格<=>Not a teacher[occupation]

Not a youngster=not young<=>no youngster=quite old

?sit=lie a truck sits in the garage

CSU sits at the bottom of Yuelu Mountain.

The book is still sitting on the shelf.书一直放在书架上没看。

?The furniture appeared a little worn.=old; used for a long time

?muddy

1 鞋满泥muddy shoes

2 [color]土黄色muddy water混浊的水

?spot

He never spot any servants.认出

On the spot在现场

<=>put sb on the spot使难堪 e.g. You'll put him on the spot if

you tell everyone about it.

<=>He's running on the spot.原地踏步，没有进步。

Spot advertisement/announcement电视插播广告《=》prime time advertisement黄金时段广告

Hit the spot with sb=to one's taste e.g.This food hits the spot

with me.

?a bird dog到别的公司挖掘人才的人

Bird bird flu

Birds of a feather flock together.物以类聚We're birds of a feather.志趣相投

A bird in the hand is worth two birds in the bush.有/没有定局的事情

?carry on=

1 behave in a specific way举止

He carries on like a millionaire=he spends money left, right and

center.

2 vi.phr. 不守规矩The kid carried on in the swimming pool.

?folks usually pl. +谓语动词复数

Country folks towns folks

Fellow villagers fellow townsmen老乡

?plain folks = ordinary people

?travel these windy ba ck roads

Travel vt. Travel the whole world travel a long way to get to school

Windy= twisty

Back roads=by/minor roads

?treatment处理

The treatment of some medical equipment

?struggle to do=make great effort to do

?corporate公司的

Corporate image企业形象

Multi-national corporation跨国公司

?by/from all accounts=according to what everyone says据说I've never seen him before, but he's by all accounts a nice person. Account for

Take sb into account

On account of由于

On all accounts/every account无论如何

On no account绝不

?flashy

In a flashy立刻，马上

A flashy of突然出现 a flashy of understanding/inspiration顿悟华丽的，炫耀的， a flashy car

?blend in/into融入/与……融洽相处

What he said reinforced my determination to blend in the surroundings.

The style of the building does not blend in with the architecture.

I only blend in with cultured people/well-bred.有教养的人

?throw one's weight around/about盛气凌人

Because of his achievements/he is a boss/he is stronger than us,

he always throws his weights around/about. That's not much of a

boss.

?a set place固定

We have meals at a set time/set times.

The set procedure for doing固定程序

Do you have set hours of work?

?barber's shop小理发店<=>hair dresser美发师

?open up商店营业

?At a church supper the other night, he and his wife were in back

washing dishes.=at the back of the church.

?keep him off the front page

Keep your hands off me=don't touch me.

?bury=to hide sth from sight, cover sth with sth

He buried his face in his hands and wept.他掩面而泣

?reach/hit/make headlines

?hold firm to=keep to=stick to=hold on坚持《=》hold on to握住

Firm习语中ad. Stand firm坚定不移

?pronounce him America's richest man=announce

Even particular Mary/tongue pronounced him a nice boy.最挑剔的人

The doctor pronounced that he's recovering nicely.

~pronounced明显的

Pronounced contrast between the past and the present明显对比

He speaks with pronounced local/Changsha/British/American accent.

?on the run

1 continuous moving about, busy

I've been on the run from morning till now and I am exhausted.

2 东躲西藏He's been on the run from the police.

?ranking

a ranking world power世界头等强国

Poor ranking排名比较后

?steer clear of=keep/stay away from

Steer clear of controversial issues(controversy n.)有争议的话题Steer clear of the trouble makers

?the real story in his mind=what is always on his mind情况Another story/a different story另一回事

Only part of the story/not the whole story

The (same) old story老一套，常听借口，诉苦

Cut/make a long story长话短说，简而言之

?pep rally鼓舞士气(morale/mo'ra:l/)的会议

He had a pep talk with me.

?admit to...prep.

He would never admit to being wrong.

He refused to admit to breaking the window.

?get ideas into the system from the bottom up集思广益

Beat the system钻制度空子

?margin=profit

?cut to the bone

Since their father is laid up(下岗），their living expenses had to be

cut to the bone.

?qualify for

?field面积大的football baseball cricket板球

《=》court面积小的volley badminton

?pu t sb. Off

1 干扰distract

The sudden noice of fire crackers(鞭炮) put me off my test paper.

2 使不快vi phr

The man's dirty condition put me off.穿得脏

?4 straight games =continuous

It's been sunny for 7 straight days.

Ten straight wins in a row

Straighten sth 摆平，解决

?the move toward settling the problem ?disaster relief fund救济金relief supplies救济品To my relief It's a great relief to learn that you arrived safely.

~relieve v. 解除责任He was relieved of his post/power.权力

?foster/cultivate one's interest in sth.

?stunned=shocked

?stingy=mean吝啬

?come aboard=join the company New employees who came aboard in the last 6 months have not been tested.

?credit 学分，赏识

Do credit to sb.为某人争光

Take credit接受荣誉

?a lengt h of time=an amount of time

You've spent a ridiculous length of time in washing the clothes.

The length of service with the company decides the size of your

pension.

?come into contact with sb. 与……交往

?better off=wealthier/richer

?frugal=节俭的，节约的，不奢华的

?A long the way=following the train of thought, in the exploration

?a dimension to the problem问题的一个方面

?plague肆虐

?clip用力敲=knock sb. with force e.g. Clip sb. On the ear打耳光Clipped=quick and clear清脆clipped tone

?reject=

1 refuse to accept

2 hard to accept

?flu id=不稳定的，改变的

Fluid arrangement可变的安排

The situation is still fluid.局势还不稳定

?highlight

n.=most exciting/interesting part e.g.The highlight of the movie

高潮The highlight of my tour to Beijing was seeing the Summer

Palace

v.=强调，重视At the end of the year, some TV programs highlight problems migrant workers face.

?stretch=

1 to become longer, wider without breaking. e.g. My wool coat

stretches when I wash it.

2 你已使我忍无可忍You are stretching my patience to a limit.

3 延绵Nowadays it's rare for you to see forests stretching for

hundreds of miles.

?edition

精装书hard cover edition=de luxe edition

<=> 平装书paper back edition

editorial社论

?telecommuter远程工作者=I work at home communicating with

my colleagues through the Internet.

commute=go through one place to another

Tele-表示远程

?su bmit articles 投稿[formal]=hand in

Submit sth to sb(供参考）提交，呈递 e.g.Submit an essay to my tutor,submit an application

<=>submit to sb=accept the control服从，屈从 e.g. Submit to discipline,submit to enemy投降

Submission n.

听任摆布in total submission to sb

百依百顺show complete submission to one's desire

?manage=to keep sth in order, keep control of sth

e.g. She knows how to manage him when hi is angry应对，对付to deal with

?feel/take an aversion to对。。厌恶，反感

e.g.1 My aversion to cruelty is strong.非常厌恶残酷行为

2 I always have an aversion to getting up early.

Averse a. Averse to sth

e.g.I'm not averse to a drop of whisky after dinner.喝点

Aveid.. to ..将。。转移到

?socializing社交

There will be no socializing during business hours.

?网络/电子用语

2019大学英语四级备考笔记记录：翻译练习.doc

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实用文档文案大全大学英语四级复习资料 Mr.Cp

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大学英语四级备考笔记

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