名词用法
英语基础语法知识介绍·名词
一、定义与分类
名词是表示人、事物、抽象概念等名称的词。根据名词的词汇意义，通常可将其分为专有名词和普通名词。专有名词表示人、地方、组织、机构等的专有名称，专有名词的第一个字母通常大写；普通名词表示人、物、概念等的一般名称。普通名词根据其语法性质可分为个体名词、物质名词、集合名词和抽象名词四类。
二、名词复数的构成方法
1. 在一般情况下，加词尾–s；而以 s, x, z, sh, ch 等结尾的名词，通常加词尾–es。如：
desk / desks 课桌class / classes 班，课
box / boxes 盒子 dish / dishes 盘子
注：stomach / stomachs(胃)是例外。
2. 以y 结尾的名词，其复数构成要分两种情况：以“辅音字母+y”结尾的名词，将 y 改为 ies；以“元音字母＋y”结尾的名词，直接加词尾-s；以 f 或 fe 结尾的名词，也有两种可能：即有些直接加词尾-s，有些则把 f / fe 改为 ves：
family / families 家 key / keys 钥匙
thief / thieves 贼wolf / wolves 狼
注：在中学英语范围内，要改 f / fe 为 ves 的只有以下10个词(它们都是日常生活中的常用词)：wife(妻子)，life(生命)，knife(小刀)，leaf(树叶)，thief(贼)，half(一半)，self(自己)，shelf(架子)，loaf(面包)，wolf(狼)。(from https://www.sodocs.net/doc/6a2628453.html,)
3. 以 o 结尾的名词，有些加词尾 -s，有些加-es，有些加-s或-es均可：
kilo / kilos 公斤hero / heroes 英雄zero / zero(e)s 零
注：在中学英语范围内，加词尾-es 的主要有以下4个：tomato(西红柿)，potato(土豆)，hero(英雄)，Negro(黑人)。
三、单数与复数同形的名词
sheep 绵羊fish 鱼
deer 鹿Chinese 中国人
Japanese 日本人Portuguese 葡萄牙人
Swiss 瑞士人aircraft 飞行器
means 方法series 系列
head (牛等的)头数works 工厂
注：fish 有时也用 fishes 这样的复数形式，尤其是表示种类时；head 若不是表示牲口的“头数”，而是表示“人的头”或“人数”，则要用 heads 这样的复数形式。
四、不规则的复数名词
man / men 男人woman / women 女人
child / children 小孩tooth / teeth 牙齿
foot / feet 脚goose / geese 鹅
mouse / mice 老鼠ox / oxen 公牛
五、名词的可数性
名词根据其可数性可分为可数名词和不可数名词。这两类名词的主要特点如下：
1. 可数名词的用法特点：可以有复数形式；可直接在其前使用不定冠词或数词；可受 these, those, few, a few, many, a good [great] many, a great [good] number of 等修饰。如：
There are five rooms in the apartment. 公寓里有五间房。
There were many things to be done. 有很多事情要做。
A large number of students are Asians. 很多学生是亚洲人(from https://www.sodocs.net/doc/6a2628453.html,)。
2. 不可数名词的用法特点：通常没有复数形式；其前不可直接用不定冠词或数词；可用(a) little, much, a great deal, a lot of, plenty of, a large amount of, a large quantity of, some, any 等修饰；要表示数量不可在前面直接加数词，而要用 a piece of 之类的结构。如：
Knowledge is power. 知识就是力量。
They haven't much furniture. 他们没有多少家具。
He lost a great quantity of blood. 他大量失血。
六、不可数名词与可数名词的转化
有的不可数名词在某些特殊情况下可转化为可数名词，如：
1. 有些物质名词表示不同种类或表示“一杯 / 罐 / 瓶”等数量意义时，可用作可数名词。如：
It was a special tea. 这是一种特别的茶。
She brought us three coffees. 她给我们端来三杯咖啡。
2. 有些抽象名词表示具体的事物时，可用作可数名词。如：
The party was a great success. 晚会非常成功。
3. 有些由动词思转化来的名词，表示“一场 / 阵 / 件…”时，可受不定不定冠词的修饰(此时通常有形容词或of 短语修饰)。如：
A heavy snow was falling. 下着一场大雪。
I’d better go and ha ve a wash now. 我还是现在去洗个澡。
七、名词的所有格
名词的所有格表示所属关系，它分-’s 所有格和 of 所有格两种形式。
1. -’s所有格的构成方法为：对于单数名词和不带词尾-s的复数名词，直接在其后加 -’s构成；对于带词尾-s 的复数名词只加省字撇(’)。如：
Jim’s parents 吉姆的父母men’s club男子俱乐部
the teachers’ office 教师办公室
注：用and连接的并列名词的所有格要分两种情况，即表示各自的所有关系时，要分别在并列名词后加-’s，表示共同的所有关系时，只在最后一个名词后加-’s：
Jack’s and Mike’s rooms 杰克和迈克(各自)的房间
Jack and Mike’s room杰克和迈克(共同)的房间(from https://www.sodocs.net/doc/6a2628453.html,)
2. -’s所有格的用法：-’s 所有格通常用于有生命者，但有时也可用于无生命的东西，如用于表时间或距离的名词后，用于表示国家、城市、组织机构等的名词后等。如：
Where’re today’s papers? 今天的报纸在哪里?
What’s your government’s policy? 你们政府的政策是什么?
It is the country’s biggest city. 它是这个国家最大的城市。
3. of 所有格即指在名词后使用 of 短语来表示所有关系，它既可用于有生命的人或物，也可用于无生命的东西。如：
We all like the son of Mr Green. 我们都喜欢格林先生的儿子。
I’ll never forg et the beauty of the lake. 我永远不会忘记那座湖的美丽。
注：of 所有格有时可以与-’s 所有格互换。如：(from https://www.sodocs.net/doc/6a2628453.html,)
That man’s name is interesting. = The name of that man is very interesting. 那个人的名字很有趣。
4. 双重所有格。双重所有格就是指同时既使用 -’s 所有格又使用 of 所有格。如：
a friend of my father’s 我父亲的一位朋友
a photo of Mr Smith’s 史密斯先生的一张照片
注：被双重所有格修饰名词前有指示代词时，通常带有一定的感****彩(如赞赏、不满、厌恶等)。如：
That little daughter of your cousin’s is really lovely. 你表哥的那个小女儿真是可爱。(表赞赏) That daughter of your cousin’s is c onstantly complaining. 你表哥的那个女儿老是在报怨。(表厌恶) 另外，有时是否使用双重所有格会导致意义的变化。比较：
a photo of Mr Smith’s 史密斯先生收藏的一张照片
a photo of Mr Smith 史密斯先生照的一张照片
八. 名词的功能
名词在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语、补足语、同位语和定语。例句如下：
1. These ideas may seem strange to you .
这些想法似乎对我很奇怪。ideas 作主语
2. Both of them are doctors .
他们两个都是医生。 doctors 作表语
3. We love our great motherland .
我们热爱我们伟大的祖国。motherland 作宾语
4.We elected him monitor of our class .
我们选他当我们班的班长。monitor 作补足语
5. This is Mr Black , our department manager.
这是布莱克先生，我们部门的经理。manager 作同位语； department 作定语
四、名词作定语
1）在现代英语中，无论是口语还是书面语，名词作定语都使用得相当普遍。名词作定语修饰另一个名词时，常表示时间、地点、功能、性别、科目、材料等。如：
an evening paper 晚报， afternoon tea 午茶， school life 学校生活，
Tianjin Railway Station天津火车站， a wine glass 酒杯， a shoe store 鞋店
maths teacher数学老师 sun glasses 太阳镜 a train ticket 火车票，
food industry 食品工业， an iron bridge 铁桥， a woman astronaut 女宇宙员，
2）注意有些名词可以用其相应的形容词形式作定语，用来表示被修饰名词的特点或属性，要区别二者意思的不同。如：
a gold watch 金表（指手表是含金的）
a golden watch 金色的表（指表是金色的，但不一定含金）
the history teacher 历史老师
the historic May 4th Movement 具有历史意义的五四运动
3）在英语中有些词既可作名词，也可作形容词。我们可以把他们看作是名词作定语，也可以认为是形容词作定语，但意思不同。如：
an English (n.) teacher 一个英语教师
an English (adj.) teacher 一个英国教师
遇到这种情况，我们只能在一定的语境中，通过上下文，才能判断其词类，准确把握其含义
九、名词习语
某些名词可以与其他单词构成固定搭配，要注意积累有关习语，因为对名词习语的考查也是考点之一。如：do shopping 购物，make room 腾地方， make sense 有意义， make fun of 取笑， out of sight 消失， all of a sudden 突然，等等。
十、语法要点
1、不同国籍人的单复数
国籍总称(谓语用复数) 单数复数
中国人the Chinese a Chinese two Chinese
瑞士人the Swiss a Swiss two Swiss
澳大利亚人the Australians an Australian two Australians
俄国人the Russians a Russian two Russians
意大利人the Italians an Italian two Italians
希腊人the Greek a Greek two Greeks
法国人the French a Frenchman two Frenchmen
日本人the Japanese a Japanese two Japanese
美国人the Americans an American two Americans
印度人the Indians an Indian two Indians
加拿大人the Canadians a Canadian two Canadians
德国人the Germans a Germans two Germans
英国人the English an Englishman two Englishmen
瑞典人the Swedish a Swede two Swedes
2、China’s与Chinese有何区别
（1）China’s为名词所有格，强调所属关系。如：
China’s population is large. 中国人口众多。
(2)■Chinese为形容词，表示属性，视所修饰的名词不同，意思稍有不同：
Maotai is a Chinese wine. 茅台是一种中国酒。
名词专项练习
1. 判断下列名词是否可数名词,将其可数名词改为复数形式
1. brush
2. tomato
3.radio
4. roof
5. tooth
6. Japanese
7. meat
8. air
9. clothing 10.paper
2.指出下列划线名词的语法作用。
例：These ideas may seem strange to you .
这些想法似乎对我很奇怪。ideas 作主语
1. The flowers are beautiful . （）
2. Both of them are lawyers . （）
3. We love our great motherland（）
4. we made him our monitor of our class . （）
5. This is Miss Alice , our good friend . （）
6. They are college students . （）
7. Mother, please look after your children . （）
3.用所给名词的正确形式填空
1. The students are making ______ for the coming examination . ( preparation)
2.He is making a study of fresh-water ______ ( fish ) .
3.Various ______ ( fruit ) are on sale now .
4.Some 260 ______ were presented at the meeting . ( paper )
5. Mary is a daughter of ________ . (Mr Brown)
6.In the old days , my father went to the _______ school . ( night )
7.Yesterday I called at ______ . ( Mary's sister ) .
8. You should do more _______ . Don't always sit at the desk busy doing your _______. ( exercise)
9.It's very cold there . ______ temperature can drop below freezing . ( Room )
10. Where are ______ shoes sold ? ( children )
4. 单项选择
1．Father went to his doctor for _ about his heart trouble.
A. an advice
B. advice
C. advices
D. the advices
2. We’ve worked out the plan ,and now we must put it into _ .
A. fact
B. practice
C. reality
D. deed
3. He dropped the _ and broke it .
A. cup of coffee
B. coffee’s cup
C. cup for coffee
D. coffee cup
4. We’ve missed the last bus ; I’m afraid we have no _ but to take a taxi.
A. way
B. choice
C. possibility
D. selection
5. Here’s my card .Let’s kee p in _
A. touch
B. relation
C. connection
D. friend ship
6. He gained his ________by printing _ of famous writers.
A. wealth; work
B. wealths; works
C. wealths; works
D. wealth; works
7. If by any chance someone comes to see me , ask them to leave a _
A. message
B. letter
C. sentence
D. notice
8. You’ll find this map of great _ in helping you to get around London
A. price
B. cost
C. value
D. usefulness
9. Your performance in the driving tes t didn’t reach the required standard--- _ , you failed
A. in the end
B. after all
C. in other words
D. at the same time
10. I don’t think I’ll need any money but I’ll bring some _ .
A. at last
B. in case
C. once again
D. in time
5．选择填空
1．Mr Gao is a teacher. He works in a new ____ .
A．shop B．school C．factory D．hospital
2．If you want to know the meaning of a word, you can look it up in a ____ .
A．diary B．dictionary C．newspaper D．diagram
3．Mr Shute is a friend of ____ .
A．John's uncle B．John uncle's C．John's uncle's D．John uncle
4．----Would you like ____ tea?
----No, thanks. I have drunk two ____ .
A．any; bottles of orange B．some; bottles of orange
C．many; bottles of oranges D．few; bottle of oranges
5．----When do you usually have your ____ in the evening?
A．things B．rice C．meal D．food
6．I usually go to a ____ to borrow some books.
A．shop B．cinema C．hospital D．library
7．People often use horses for ____ .
A．hard working B．working hard C．work hard D．hard work
8．The word “houses” underlined part is pronounced ____ .
siz] B．[ziz] C．[zis] D．[is]
9．Uncle Wang bought two ____ yesterday.
A．watchs B．watches C．watch D．watchss
10．There are a lot of ____ down there but hardly any ____ .
A．sheeps; people B．sheep; people C．sheeps; peoples D．sheep; peoples
11．There is a ____ over the river.
A．ship B．boat C．bridge D．village
12．In ____ time, those mountains will be covered with trees, too.
few years B．a few years'
C．a few year D．a few year's
13．There are lots of ____ in the basket on the table.
A．tomatos B．tomato C．tomatoss D．tomatoes
14．Whose ____ are these?
A.photo B．photoes C．photos D．photoss
15．The cat caught two ____ last night.
A．mouses B．mice C．mouse D．mices
16．Jack went to have two ____ pulled out yesterday afternoon.
A．tooths B．tooth C．teeth D．toothes
17．The leaning tower is about 180 ____ high.
A．feet B．foot's C．foots D．feets
18．There are many ____ on the hill.
A．sheeps B．sheep C．sheepes D．sheep's
19．There are six ____ and fifteen ____ in this workshop.
A．mans; womans B．men; women C．men; womans D．mans; women
20．In our school there are fifty-five ____ .
A.women teachers
B.woman teachers C．women teacher D．woman's teacher
21．The day before yesterday she told me ____ news.
A．a good B．such a good C．so good a D．a piece of good
22．I won't go there with you, for I have a lot of ____ to do.
A．works B．job C．work D．working
23．____ will conquer（征服） nature.
The man B．A man C．The me D．Man
24．Li Lei is a friend of ____ .
A．I sister B．my sister's C．me sister D．my sister of
25．Have you read ____ ?
A．today's B．today paper C．the today's paper D．today's paper
26．The old woman feeds four ____ .
A．piggs B．piges C．pigs D．pig
27．There are seven ____ in a week.
A．dayes B．days C．daies D．day
28．Grade Three is divided into seven ____ in our school.
A．class B．classes C．class's D．class'
29．How many ____ are there in the room?
A．boxes B．box C．boxs D．boxxes
30．There ____ all kinds of ____ in this shop.
are; watches B．be; watches C．is; watch's D．are; watchs
Ⅱ．根据句意，选用适当的词填空（同义近义词）
31．Can you answer my ____ , Jim? (A．question B．problem)
32．Do you know the girl ____ those people? (A．between B．among)
33．He won't go there, I won't, ____ . (A．too B．either C．also)
34．Can you ____ me your pen?(A．borrow B．lend)
35．Who is going to ____ at the meeting? (A．say B．speak C．talk D．tell)
36．Don't ____ in bed. It's bad for your eyes. (A．see B．read C．look)
37．Do you like reading this ____ book? (A．interesting B．interested)
38．My mother is ill. I ____ stay at home and look after her. (A．have to B．must)
39．I don't know ____ or not she can speak English. ( A．if B．whether)
40．Go ____ the bridge, you'll find the bus stop on the left. (A．cross B．in C．across D．along)
一、用括号中动词的适当形式填空：
1.One in four people worldwide (be) without good homes.
2.The police (say) the killing of the young man was an accident.
3.Her family (have) been in Los Angeles since the turn of the century.
4.Polities (be) seen as a man’s world, but difficult for women to get on.
5.Broadcast(广播) news (be) true, but not interesting.
6.The United Nations (have) asked for help from the international community.
二、单项选择填空：
1.We need some more . Can you go and get some, please?
A. potato
B. potatos
C. potatoes
D. potatoe
2.What big ____ the tiger has!
A. tooth
B. teeth
C. tooths
D. toothes
3.Please remember to give the horse some tree______.
A. leafs
B. leaves
C. leaf
D. leave
4.On the table there are five_____.
A. tomatos
B. piece of tomatoes
C. tomatoes
D. tomato
5.He gave us_____ on how to keep fit.
A. some advices
B. some advice
C. an advice
D. a advice
6.When we saw his face, we knew _____ was bad.
A. some news
B. a news
C. the news
D. news
7.He is hungry. Give him ______ to eat.
A. two breads
B. two piece of bread
C. two pieces of bread
D. two pieces breads
8.—How many ___have you got on your farm? –I’ve got five.
A. cow
B. sheep
C. pig
D. chicken
9.Some______came to our school for a visit that day.
A. Germans
B. Germen
C. Germany
D.Germanies
10.A group of ______will visit the museum tomorrow.
A. Canadian
B. Australian
C. Japanese
D. American
11.Let’s meet at 7:30 outside the gate of______.
A. the People’s Park
B. the Peoples’ Park
C. the People Park
D. People’s Park
12.There are sixty-seven______ in our school.
A. women’s teacher
B. women teachers
C. woman teachers
D. women teacher
13.September 10th is ______ in China.
A. Teacher’s Day
B. Teachers’ Day
C. Teacher Day
D. Teachers Day
14.Excuse me, where is the ______ ?
A. men’s room
B. mens’ room
C. men’s rooms
D. men rooms
15.The football under the bed is ______ .
A. Lily and Lucy
B. Lily’s and Lucy’s
C. Lily’s and Lucy
D. Lily and Lucy’s
16.In a few _____ time, those mountains will be covered with trees.
A. year
B. years’
C. year’s
D. years
17.It’s about _____ walk from my house.
A. ten minute
B. ten minutes’
C. ten minute’s
D. ten minutes
18.Half _____ telephone calls are made in English.
A. the world
B. world
C. the world’s
D. world’s
19.Miss Smith is a friend of ______ .
A. Mary’s mother’s
B. Mary’s mother
C. mother’s of Mary
D. Mary mother’s
20.Have you seen Tom’s and John’s ______?
A. pencil-box
B. pencil-box
C. pencil-box
D. pencils-box
中考名词专项练习
( )1.I hear we will have a _______ holiday in _______.
A. two day’s, two day’s time
B. two day, two day’s time
C. two-day, two days’ time
D. two days, two-day time
( )2._______ mothers couldn’t go to the meeting, because they have gone to Chengdu. A. Li Lei and Lucy’s B. Li Lei’s and Lucy’s
C. Li Lei and Lucy
D. Li Lei’s and Lucy
( )3.There are four _______ and two _______ at _______.
A. Johns, Marys, doctors
B. Johns, Marys, doctor’s
C. John’s, Mary’s, doctor’s
D. John, Mary, doctor’s
( )4.---What would you like to drink, girls?
---_______, please. A. two cup of coffee B. two cups of coffee
C. two cups of coffees
D. two cup of coffees
( )5.Today is September 10th. It’s _______ Day. Let’s go and buy some flowers for our teachers.
A. Teachers
B. Teachers’
C. the Teachers’
D. Teacher’s
( )6.Oh, dear, I forgot the two _______.
A. room’s number
B. room’s numbers
C. room numbers
D. rooms’ numbers
( )7.This is Elizabeth Tina Brown, our new teacher. You may call her _______.
A. Mr. Brown
B. Miss Brown
C. Mrs. Tina
D. Ms. Elizabeth
( )8.There are many _______ in the basket.
A. tomatoes
B. tomatos
C. tomato
D. tomatoes
( )9.They are _______. A. woman teachers B. women teacher C. woman teacher D. women teachers
( )10.---What can I do for you?
--- I’d like some _______.
A. jar of orange
B. jar of oranges
C. jars of orange
D. jars of oranges ( )11.Mr. Black has a _______. A. ten year old boy B. ten-year old boy C. boy of ten year old D. boy of ten
( )12.We’re _______ and they’re _______. A. China, America
B. Chinese, Americans
C. Chinas, Americas
D. Chineses, Americans
( )13.Have you got _______? A. enough of bread
B. enough of the breads
C. enough of the bread
D. enough the bread
( )14.Miss Smith is a friend of _______.
A. Mary’s mother’s
B. Mary’s mother
C. Mother’s of Mary
D. Mary mother’s ( )15_______ are going to see a film.
A. Green’s
B. A Green’s
C. The Green’s
D. The Greens
综合能力训练：
Ａ组：
( )1. There _______ many _______ in the fields.
A. is, sheep
B. is, sheeps
C. are, sheeps
D. are, sheep
( )2. That bridge was made of _______ in 1919.
A. wood
B. wooden
C. some woods
D. woods
( )3. If your shoes are too small, you can buy a bigger _______.
A. one
B. shoes
C. pair
D. pairs
( )4. His grandpa has two _______.
A. son-in-law
B. sons-in-law
C. son-in-laws
D. sons-in-laws
( )5. There _______ in today’s newspaper.
A. is two pieces of news
B. are two pieces of new
C. is two piece of news
D. are two pieces of news
( )6. Several _______ are still watching the traffic on a rainy day.
A. hundreds polices
B. hundred police
C. hundred polices
D. hundreds police
( )7. I found _______ in the city of Guangdong.
A. a work
B. work
C. piece of work
D. a piece of work
( )8. What _______ it is !
A. a heavy rain
B. heavy rain
C. a heavy rains
D. heavy rains
( )9. There are _______ in our school.
A. many woman teachers and girls students
B. many women teachers and girls students
C.many woman teachers and girl students
D. many women teachers and girl students
( )10. In our class, there are _______.
A. two Germen
B. two Germans
C. two Germens
D. two German
( )11. The Chinese are _______ brave and hard-working people.
A. the
B. /
C. a
D. one
( )12. “Where _______ my trousers?” the boy asked.
A. were
B. are
C. is
D. was
( )13. His family all _______ watching TV after supper.
A. like
B. likes
C. is liking
D. was liking
( )14. This is _______ bedroom. A. Lucy and Lily’s B. Lucy’s and Lily’s
C. Lucy’s and Lily
D. Lucy and Lily
( )15. The young teacher is a friend _______.
A. my sister’s
B. my sister
C. of my sister’s
D. of my sister
( )16. Please make me _______.
A. room
B. a room
C. the room C. rooms
( )17. Do you know _______ sitting behind the door?
A. the name of the girls
B. the name of the girl
C. the names of the girl
D. the girl’s name
( )18. After climbing 2 hours, we had _______ rest.
A. few minutes
B. a few minute’s
C. a few minutes’
D. few minutes’
( )19. I have some _______, but not any white _______.
A. newspapers, paper
B. newspaper, paper
C. newspaper, papers
D. newspapers, papers
( )20. ---Oh, Lei Lei. What did you do with Jim yesterday?
--- I got some_______ and he bought some _______.
A. photoes, tomatoes
B. photoes, tomatos
C. photos, tomatoes
D. photos, tomatos
( )21. _______ in a small village at the foot of a hill.
A. The Black lives
B. The Blacks lives
C. The Blacks live
D. Blacks live
( )22. Everyone knows March 8 is _______.
A. Women’s Day
B. Woman’s Day
C. the Women’s Day
D. the women Day
( )23. The teacher told me to write an _______ composition.
A. 800-word
B. 800-words
C. 800-words’
D. 800- words
( )24. This paper is too small. Do you have _______?
A. a bigger piece
B. a bigger one
C. a bigger paper
D. a big one
( )25. Some _______ were found eating _______ near the river.
A. sheep, grasses
B. sheeps, grasses
C. sheeps, grass
D. sheep, grass
( )26. I don’t know the way _______.
A. his home
B. to home
C. to his home
D. going home
( )27. I want to buy ten _______ of coloured _______.
A. box, chalk
B. box, chalks
C. boxes, chalk
D. boxes, chalks
( )28. Tom regards Tianjin as his second _______ because he has been here for over ten years. A. family B. house C. room D. home
B组：
( )1. In the library when Lin Mei and Lily saw t he _______ “ No Talking!”, they stopped talking.
A. radio
B. sound
C. speaking
D. instruction
( )2. Last night, there was a food accident. Ten _______ were ill, but no _______ were lost.
A. child, lives
B. children, life
C. children, lives
D. child, life
( )3. This class _______ now. Miss Gao teaches them.
A. are studying
B. is studying
C. studying
D. studies
( ) 4. You should do more _______, please don’t always do your _______.
A. exercise, exercise
B. exercise, exercises
C. exercises, exercises
D. exercises, exercise
( )5. Much _______ is needed in this country.
A. clothing
B. cloths
C. clothes
D. clothe
( )6. She expressed her _______ to the old man for his kindness.
A. thank
B. thanks
C. one thank
D. some thank
( )7. There _______ some meat and some apples on the table.
A. is
B. are
C. were
D. was
( )8. Nothing but two beds _______ in the room.
A. are
B. is
C. has
D. have
( )9. Were is John? He is at _______.
A. Mr. Green’s
B. Mr. Green
C. the Mr. Green
D. the Green’s
( )10. She was more clever than_______.
A. the rest of us
B. us the rest
C. the other of us
D. us the other
( )11. It’s only _______ walk, so you can get here on foot.
A. half an hour
B. half an hour’s
C. half an hours
D. half an hours’
( )12. This is _______ to an end.
A. means
B. a mean
C. a means
D. some mean
( )13. Do you believe that there are two _______ in my class?
A. Maries
B. Marys
C. Mary’s
D. Marys’
( )14. They are _______ of different presses.
A. editor-in-chiefs
B. editors-in-chief
C. editor-in-chief
D. editors-in-chiefs
( )15. My brother has been a soldier for nearly _______.
A. one and a half year
B. one and a half years
C. one and half year
D. one and half years
1. The commander said that two________ would be sent to the Iraqi front the next day.
A. women’s doctor
B. women doctors
C. women’s doctors
D. women doctor
2. “Look! The police ________ here to keep order! Go away quickly,” one of them shouted.
A. is coming
B. comes
C. are coming
D. has come
3. She could not speak English, but made her wishes known by means of _____.
A. signs
B. sighs
C. movements
D. words
4. In my opinion, what he told us just now about the affair simply doesn’t make any _____.
A. idea
B. meaning
C. sense
D. point
5. Shelly had prepared carefully for her English examination so that she could be sure of passing it on her first _____.
A. intention
B. attempt
C. purpose
D. desire
6. ________ food is kept in his new cave, but at last Saddam was still arrested.
A. Large quantities of
B. A great deal of
C. A large number of
D. Quite a few
7. ––Let’s try operating the machine right now.
–– Wait. Better read the _____first.
A. instructions
B. explanations
C. information
D. introduction
8.The rest of the magazines________ within half an hour.
A. is sold out
B. was sold out
C. were sold out
D. are sold out
9. You’d have more _____of catching the train if you took a bus to the station instead of walking.
A. opportunity
B. chance
C. time
D. energy
10.The number of deer, mountain lions and wild roses________ much if people leave things________ they are.
A. doesn’t change; as
B. aren’t changed; like
C. don’t change; like
D. don’t change; as
. I knew I shouldn’t accept anything from such a perso n, but I found it difficult to turn down his _____.
A. offer
B. suggestion
C. request
D. plan
12.________it is to gather with President Bush at such a special Thanksgiving Day in Iraq!
A. what a fun
B. what fun
C. how fun
D. what joy
13. Oh., John________ you gave us!
A. How a great surprise
B. how pleasant surprise
C. what a pleasant surprise
D. what pleasant surprise
14 He is________ as a leader but he hasn’t________ in teaching.
A. success; many experiences
B. a success; much experience
C. great success; an experience
D. a great success; a lot of experiences
15 —Who did you spend last weekend with?
—________.
A. Palmer’s
B. The Palmers’
C. The Palmers
D. The Palmer’s
用正确的名词形式填空。
1. we have many _____(sport) clubs.
Three _____ (apple tree ) are near my home.
2. I like ______ (comedy) and _______ (thirller).
3. Do you have any _______ (basketball)?
4. They are _______(Lily) pens。
5. It is ____________ (Lily and Lucy) book.
6. September 11th is _________ (teacher) Day.
7. June 1st is __________ (child) Day.
8. We have many ________ (man) teachers in our school.
9. There are a lot of ________ (boy) students in our class.
10. What kind of ________(movie) do you like?
11. I need some ______ (help).
12. I keep many _______ (chicken) . I like eating much______ (chicken).
13. Do you like _________ (broccoli)?
14. A lot of _______ (people) don’t like Beijing opera.
15. I like eating ______ (fruit) . But I don’t like _______ (vegetable).
17．Every ______ (student) has a book.
Each ______ (student) has a book.
Each of the ________ (student) has a book.
英语名词用法总结
考点: 1. 掌握可数名词的复数 2. 学会表示不可数名词的量 3. 掌握构词法：名词变形容词 4. 掌握名词所有格的用法 5. 掌握名词做主语、定语的用法 冠词离开名词没有任何意义，因此在学习冠词前，首先要了解名词的分类: '个体名词：人或物所共用的名称 dog, chair 名词可分为：：可数名词v 丄集体名词：集体的名称 class, family, police, 物质名词：物质的名称 p aper, water 抽象名词：抽象的物的名称 happi ness 专有名词：人或物所特有的名称 Tom, China 考点一：可数名词的数 可数名词复数变化规则： (1) 规则变化：a.以-s,-x,-sh, -ch,结尾的名词，在词尾 +es,发音/-Is/ eg : classes, brushes, boxes, watches b. 以辅音字母+ -y 结尾，将y 变i ，再+es ， eg ： parties, stories (注意元音同y 结尾时+s boys ) c. 部分以f 或fe 结尾的词，将变 f/fe 为v+es , eg ： wife-wives 口诀：(妻见小偷加下藏，手拿小刀想杀狼，忽然飘下一片叶，砸在头上一命亡) d. 部分以o 结尾的词，(生物名词，包括动植物，口诀：黑人英雄爱吃土豆西红柿)后加 es , 女口： Negroes, heroes, potatoes, tomatoes, 以o 结尾的无生命的词，一般直接 +s eg : photos , pianos , kilos , tobaccos (2) 不规则变化： a.名词中所含元音字母发生变化 eg: foot-feet; tooth- teeth; man-men; woma n- wome n; b:名词词尾力口 en/ren : ox-oxen ; child-children ; c. 单复数同行： fish; sheep; deer; means; aircraft; d. 关于国家：中日不变，英法荷变，其他后面加 s two Chin ese; five Japa nese;/ En glishme n; En glishwome n; Dutchme n; /Germa ns; America ns e. 有些集体名词用单数形式表达事物总称 ，如hair, fruit,但在 表示"几根头发”，"若 干水果”时，则用复数形式 a few white hairs; several foreig n fruits f. 有些名词形式上是单数的，但实际上是复数的，这一类名词有：cattle 牛, 家畜；people 人 们；vermin 害虫；police 警察；staff 全体职员；clergy 僧侣，神职人员；youth ; mankind ； bacteria ； crew 等 g. 有些集体名词 表示整体时用单数，表示集体中的各个成员时用做复数 ，能这样用的 集体名词有： audienee , club , class, college , crowd , company , couple , department , enemy , family , firm , flock, generation, government, group, herd, navy, party, public, population, press 新闻界 /记者群, staff, team, university 等 (3) 复合名词的复数 a.由man 或woman 为前缀的复合名词，两者都变成复数 a man teacher/ men teachers ； a woman doctor/ women doctors 名词 I 不可数名词
名词性从句用法详解
高一语法专题：名词性从句 在句子中起名词作用的从句叫名词性从句。名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组，它在 复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词性 从句又可分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句。 引导名词性从句的词叫做连接词，包括：1. 连词（在名词性从句中只起连接作用，不 作成分） 2. 连接代词（在名词性从句中作主语、宾语 或表语） 3. 连接副词（在名词性从句中作状语） I 主语从句：是在主句中作主语的从句。它由连接词引导，通常位于谓语动词之前。 连接词：
1. 连词：在从句中不充当任何成分，常见的引导主语从句的连词有that, whether。 That he got the first prize excited him much. 他获得一等奖一事使他非常兴奋。 It is doubtful whether we can get there on time. 我们能否按时到达那儿还不确定。 1）that引导的主语从句：在从句中不作任何成分，也没有实际意义。一般情况 下that不可省略。 That light travels in straight lines is known to all. 众所周知，光沿直线传播。 That you don't like him is none of my business. 你不喜欢他不关我的事。 2）whether引导的主语从句：常置于句首，表示“是否”之意；
Whether he can finish his task on time is of great importance. 他是否能按时完成任务非常重要。 Whether you can succeed or not depends on how hard you work at it. 你能否成功取决于你努力的程度。 2.连接代词：在从句中起名词或代词的作用，常作从句的主语、宾语、表语或定语，有具 体意义且不能省略。常见的连接代词有who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whomever, whatever, whichever。 What we should do with the problem is undecided. 我们如何处理这个问题还未作出决定。（what引导主语从句，不表疑问意义） Whom the letter was from is still unknown.
最新英语名词用法总结(完整)
最新英语名词用法总结(完整) 一、单项选择名词 1．According to the bank rules released recently, you have to pay a 25% ________ on each cheque you cash. A．admission B．pension C．allowance D．commission 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：根据银行最近公布的规定，你每兑现一张支票必须付25%的手续费。A. admission承认；B. pension抚恤金； C. allowance津贴；D. commission佣金；手续费。兑现支票必须付25%的手续费。故答案为D。 2．As an American living in-Tianjin for about 10 years, Chris says that it has been a ________ be a witness to China’s great progress. A．privilege B．preference C．priority D．principle 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】 考查名词辨析。句意：作为一个在天津生活了大约10年的美国人，克里斯说，能够见证中国的巨大进步是一种荣幸。A. privilege 荣幸；B. preference偏爱；C. priority 优先；D. principle原则。privilege“荣幸”符合句意。故A选项正确。 3．We have found that a boy matching your entered the amusement park just now. A．instruction B．explanation C．description D．application 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们发现一个符合你的描述的男孩刚才进入了游乐园。Ainstruction指示；Bexplanation解释；Cdescription描述；Dapplication申请。match description表示“匹配你的描述”，故C项正确。 4．It can’t be a(n) _______that four jewelry stores wer e robbed in one night. A．coincidence B．accident C．incident D．chance 【答案】B 【解析】 词义辨析。 A.巧合；一致 B. 事故；意外 C.事件；事变 D. 机会。句意：四家珠宝商店在
(完整word版)中考复习名词用法讲解.doc
语法总复习 名词 一、考纲解读 明确考点在历年中考中所占分数比例是提高学习效率的首要条件，要做到心中有数！ 二、学习与应用 我们知道，构成句子的两个主要成分是主语和谓语，谓语由动词或者动词短语来充当， 而主语则主要是由咱们名词或者名词短语来构成。由此可见名词多么重要！那还等什么 呢？快快进入咱们名词世界畅游吧！ 常考点知识清单 名词的分类 名词分为专有名词和普通名词两大类，普通名词又分为可数名词和 1.可数名词： ________ 两类。 有单数和复数之分，表示一个或者多少。单数名词表泛指，在前面加 冠词后得单词以_____ 音素开头时前用an，反之用 a 。例如 an -s/-es 。例如： books/classes。 可数名词复数的变化形式 a.规则变化ugly a/an. 例如 a man/an old man。当不定 man/a useful book 。复数形式通常加
【巧学妙记】 1 ．以 -o 结尾，复数加 -es 的，初中阶段主要有以下几个单词： Negro 黑人 hero 英雄 potato 马铃薯 tomato 西红柿 Negroes and heroes like to eat potatoes and tomatoes. 黑人和英雄喜欢吃马铃薯和西红柿 2 ．以 -f 或 -fe 结尾的名词变复数改成-v 加 -es，初中阶段主要有以下几个单词： Leaf 树叶half 一半self 自己wife 妻子knife 刀子shelf 架子wolf 狼thief 小偷life 生命树叶半数自己黄，妻子操刀去割粮 架后窜出一只狼，就像小偷逃命亡 3 ．以 -f 或 -fe 结尾的名词变复数时，只加-s 的，初中阶段主要有以下几个单词： gulf 海湾， roof 屋顶， chief 首领， serf 农奴， belief 信仰， proof 证据， handkerchief手帕。可以记为：海湾边，屋顶上，首领农奴两相望 谁说他们无信仰，证据写在手帕上 b.不规则变化
英语名词的用法及练习_完整整理版本
名词： 1、英语名词可分专有名词和普通名词两类： a、专有名词是个别的人、地、物、团体、机构等的专用名称。专有名词中实词的第一个字母要大写。如：Beijing, Tom, the People’s Republic of Chin a(中华人民共和国) 专有名词如果是含有普通名词的短语,则必须使用定冠词the。如：the Great Wall(长城) 姓氏名如果采用复数形式,则表示该姓氏一家人(复数含义),如：the Greens( 格林一家人)。 b、普通名词是许多人或事物的共有名称。如：pupil, family, man, foot.
普通名词又分为可数名词和不可数名词。 ▲可数名词是可以用简单的数词进行计数的名词,如： box, child, orange； ▲不可数名词是不可以用简单的数词进行计数的名词。如：water, news, oil, population, information . 2、英语可数名词的单复数：英语可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。 复数形式通常是在单数形式后加词尾“-s”构成，其主要变法如下： （1）一般情况在词尾加-s，例如： book→books，girl→girls，boy→boys， pen→pens,doctor→doctors, boy→boys。
（2）以s，x，ch，sh，结尾的词加-es，例如：bus→buses，class→classes， box→boxes，watch→watches， brush→brushes。 （3）以ce, se, ze,（d）ge结尾的名词加s，例如：orange—oranges。 （4）以辅音母加y结尾的词变“y”为“i”再加-es,例如：city→cities, factory→factories, country→countries, family→families。但要注意的是以元 音字母加y结尾的名词的复数形式 只加s，如：boy→boys, day→days。（5）以o结尾的词多数都加-es。例 如:hero→heroes，potato→potatoes，
【英语】英语名词用法总结(完整)
【英语】英语名词用法总结(完整) 一、单项选择名词 1．Actively involve yourself in voluntary work and you will see what a(an) ________ it will make to your future life. A．influence B．contribution C．difference D．variety 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】 本题考查固定短语。解题步骤：1.确定各项意思：A. influence影响；B. contribution贡献； C. difference不同； D. variety多样化；2.确定答案：固定短语make a difference有影响。句意：积极地参与志愿者的工作，你就会看见它对你未来的生活有多么大的影响。故选C。 2．An advantage of living on the top floor of a high rise building is that you can get a good _________. A．scene B．scenery C．sight D．view 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】 考查名词辨析。句意：住在高楼大厦顶层的优点是你能看很好地欣赏风景。A. scene 情景B. scenery景色 C. sight 景象 D. view风景。view“风景”普遍用语,指从某个角度所看到的风景。根据句意，故D选项正确。 【点睛】 Scene:1. 某地的景色、风景，指展现在眼前的情景，也可以指scenery的一部分 3．Only when women are enabled to become strong will our families, our economies, and our societies reach their fullest . A．distinction B．innovation C．potential D．appreciation 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】 考查名词。A. distinction区别； B. innovation创新； C. potential潜能； D. appreciation 欣赏。句意：只有当妇女能够变得强大时，我们的家庭、经济和社会才能充分发挥其潜力。结合句意可知答案为C。 4．With the help of the English teacher, he has made in his English writing. A．a great progress B．much progress C．little progress D．many progresses
英语名词的用法
名词的用法 一、概说 名词是表示人、事物、抽象概念等名称的词，如boy男孩，mother母亲，news消息，progress进步，computer计算机，Tom汤姆，Paris巴黎，Japan日本，furniture家具，等。 名词根据其词汇意义，通常分为专有名词和普通名词。专有名词主要指人、地方、组织、机构等的专有的名称，专有名词的第一个字母通常大写，如Mary玛丽，Mr Green格林先生，Beijing北京，等；普通名词通常指人、物、概念等的一般名称。根据普通名词的语法性质，它又可以细为个体名词、物质名词、集合名词和抽象名词四类：个体名词表示人或物的个体，如girl女孩，pen钢笔，等；物质名词表示无法分为个体的实物，如wood木头，meat肉，等；集合名词表示若干个体组成的集合体，如：family家庭，crowd人群，等；抽象名词表示性质、行为、状态、感情等抽象概念，如work工作，happiness幸福，等。 二、名词的数 1.名词复数的构成方法 (1)在一般情况下，加词尾-s： book/books书 pen/pens钢笔 face/faces脸 (2)以s,x,z,sh,ch等结尾的名词，通常加词尾-es： bus/buses公共汽车 box/boxes盒子 dish/dishes盘子 注：有些以ch结尾的名词，由于其发音不是[k]而是[tf]，那么其复数形式应加词尾–s，如stomach/stomachs胃。 (3)以y结尾的名词，其复数构成要分两种情况：以“辅音字母+y”结尾的名词，将y改为ies；以“元音字母＋y”结尾的名词，直接加词尾s： city/cities城市 boy/boys男孩 key/keys钥匙 注：以y结尾的专有名词，若在某些特殊情况下需要复数，通常加s构成： Mary/Marys玛丽 Germany/Germanys德国 (4)以o结尾的名词，有些加词尾-s，有些加-es，有些加-s或-es均可： piano/pianos钢琴 tomato/tomatoes西红柿 zero/zero(e)s零 注：有人对英语中所有以o结尾的名词作了统计，一共近200个，其中绝大部分的
重点高中英语：名词作定语的用法讲解
重点高中英语：名词作定语的用法讲解
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高中英语：名词作定语的用法讲解 作定语的名词往往是说明其中名词的材料、用途、时间、地点、内容、类别等。 下面是是名词作定语的用法讲解，大家可以参考学习。 一、名词作定语的基本原则 名词作定语原则上用单数，不用复数。如： a stone bridge 石桥(不能说a stones bridge) a meeting room 会议室(不能说a meetings room) morning exercise 早操(不能说a mornings exercise) a story book 故事书(不能说a stories book) a coffee cup 咖啡杯(不能说a coffees cup) a baby girl 女婴(不能说a babies girl) a school gate 校门(不能说a schools gate) eye drops眼药水(不能说eyes drops) test paper考卷(不能说tests paper) book report读书报告(不能说books report) train station火车站(不能说trains station) plane ticket机票(不能说plane tickets) pocket money零花钱（不能说pockets money） generation gap代沟（不能说generations gap） 二、用复数名词作定语的四种情形： 1. 有些只有复数形式的名词，则用复数作定语：
初中英语名词用法讲解
一、名词的分类 名词可分为普通名词和专有名词两大类。 1. 普通名词又可分为： （1）个体名词。如：cup，desk，student等。一般可数，有单复数形式。 （2）集体名词。如：class，team，family等。一般可数，有单复数形式。 （3）物质名词。如：rice，water，cotton等。一般不可数，没有单复数之分。 （4）抽象名词。如：love，work，life等。一般不可数，没有单复数之分。 2. 专有名词：如：China，Newton，London等。 二、名词的数 （一）可数名词的复数形式的构成规则 1. 一般情况下在名词的词尾加s，如：book books，pencil pencils. 2. 以-s，-x，-ch，-sh结尾的名词加-es，其读音为［iz］。如：bus buses，box boxes，watch watches，dish dishes等。 3. 以-y结尾的名词： （1）以“辅音字母+y”结尾的名词，把y改为i再加es，读音为［iz］，如：factory factories，company companies等。 （2）以“元音字母+y”结尾的名词，或专有名词以y结尾，直接在词尾加-s，读音为［z］。如：key keys，Henry Henrys等。 4. 以-f和-fe结尾的名词： （1）变-f或-fe为v再加-es，读音为［vz］。如：thief thieves，wife wives，half halves等。 （2）直接在词尾加-s，如：roof roofs，gulf gulfs，chief chiefs，proof proofs等。 （3）两者均可。如：handkerchief handkerchiefs或handkerchieves. 5. 以-o结尾的名词：
中考英语复习-名词的用法(知识讲解)
名词的用法 【真题再现】 1. —It’s said that a college student had a ______ to Tibet with 500 yuan for a month. — How surprising! Once you have an idea to go somewhere, do it! (2014山西) A. match B. travel C. change 2. — I am just going to the ______. Do you want anything? — Yes, a bag of rice.(2014 沈阳) A. market B. classroom C. library D. park 3. — Nobody knows which team will win the 2014 World Cup in Brazil.(2014连云港) — Yes. That is the ______ of the beautiful game. A. question B. luck C. hope D. magic 4. Mum, it’s so hot. Could I have some ______?(2014黑龙江龙东地区) A. hamburgers B. bread C. ice-cream 5. Miss Black is a friend of ______, she always looks after my sister. (2014黑龙江龙东地区) A. Mar y’s mother’s B. Mary’s mother’ C. Mary mother’s 6. Wang Yaping and Liu Yang are our ______ in China. We’re proud ______ them. (2014黑龙江龙东地区) A. women astronauts; of B. woman astronauts; of C. women astronauts; in 7. My teacher gave me much ________ on how to study English well when I had some trouble.( 2014菏泽) A. advice B. question C. suggestion D. problem 8. US First Lady Michelle Obama encouraged students to study abroad in her ________ when visiting Peking University on March 22, 2014. (2014镇江) A. story B. speech C. letter D. diary 9. There are some _______ in Dayton Art Museum. For example, no food or drinks is allowed inside.(2014温州) A. jobs B. records C. rules D. paintings 10．Mickey mouse is one of the most famous _______ in American _______．(2015广东) A．symbol，culture B. symbol，cultures C．symbols，culture D. symbols，cultures 11. In 1998, Liu Xiang’s ______ in hurdling was noticed by Sun Jiangping. (2015天津) A. ability B. trade C. electricity D. memory 12. Yesterday Lucy told us such good that we are all amazed at it. (2015青岛) A. news B. ideas C. suggestion D. answer 13．Health is important for us teenagers, so we should eat more vegetables such as ________ to keep healthy. (2015哈尔滨) A．tomatoes and potatoes B．tomatos and potatos C．tomatos and potatoes 14. She says her favorite ________ is English. (2015成都) A．color B．sport C．subject 15. Annie has a ________, and she is going to see her dentist today.(2015温州) A. cold B. fever C. cough D. toothache 16. Jeff will come t o understand you one day. It’s a matter of ________ . (2015厦门) A. pleasure B. value C. time 17．Maori people in New Zealand touch _______ when they meet．(2015南宁)
英语名词用法大全
名词 名词：是一些名称，表示人物、地方、国家、动物或物品等。 不用an、one，如How many sandwiches would you like?你想要多少块三明治。I would like just one sandwiches.我只要一块三明治。比较May I have a sandwiches?和May I have one sandwiches?的区别） 单数变复数的规则：
1、 Chinese中国人，sheep羊，deer鹿，fish鱼, Japanese日本人,li，jin，yuan，two li，three mu，four jin，但除人民币元、角、分外，美元、英镑、法郎等都有复数形式。如:a dollar, two dollars; a meter, two meters 2、不规则的名词 foot脚-feet mouse老鼠-mice child小孩-child goose鹅-geese man男人-men woman 女人-women tooth牙-teeth,注意：与man 和woman构成的合成词，其
复数形式也是-men 和-women。如：an Englishman，two Englishmen. 但German 不是合成词，故复数形式为Germans； 3、集体名词，以单数形式出现，但实为复数。 如：people police cattle 等本身就是复数，不能说 a people，a police，a cattle，但可以说 a person，a policeman，a head of cattle,the English，the British，the French，the Chinese，the Japanese，the Swiss 等名词，表示国民总称时，作复数用。如：The Chinese are industries and brave.中国人民是勤劳勇敢的。 4、以s结尾，仍为单数的名词，如： a）. maths，politics，physics等学科名词，为不可数名词，是单数。 b）. news 是不可数名词“新闻”。 c）. the United States，the United Nations 应视为单数。 The United Nations was organized in 1945. 联合国是1945年组建起来的。 d）. 以复数形式出现的书名，剧名，报纸，杂志名，也可视为单数。 "The Arabian Nights" is a very interesting story-book..<<一千零一夜>>是一本非常有趣的故事书。 5、没有单数形式的名词:表示由两部分构成的东西 glasses眼镜shorts短裤trousers裤子scissors剪刀 若表达具体数目，要借助数量词pair(对，双);suit(套); a pair of glasses; two pairs of trousers，His trousers are there 他的裤子在那里 6、另外还有一些名词，其复数形式有时可表示特别意思，如：goods货物，waters水域，fishes （各种）鱼，room为可数名词时为“房间”，如：I live in Room 5.而room为抽象名词时 为空间上面一句话应译为“请给老妇人在校车上留个地方。”这样的词还有：glass 玻璃glasses 眼镜stone 石头a stone 一块石头time 时间two times 两次wood 木头woods 树林。 clothes 为衣服，而cloth则是布，sand沙子，而sands是沙滩 7、不同国家的人的单复数（注：中日不变英法变，其余S加后面） 名称总称(谓语用复数）一个人两个人 中国人the Chinese a Chinese two Chinese 瑞士人the Swiss a Swiss two Swiss 澳大利亚人the Australians an Australian two Australians 俄国人the Russians a Russian two Russians 意大利人the Italians an Italian two Italians 希腊人the Greek a Greek two Greeks 法国人the French a Frenchman two Frenchmen 日本人the Japanese a Japanese two Japanese 美国人the Americans an American two Americans 印度人the Indians an Indian two Indians 加拿大人the Canadians a Canadian two Canadians 德国人the Germans a Germans two Germans 英国人the English an Englishman two Englishmen 瑞典人the Swedish a Swede two Swedes 8、复合名词的复数形式（名词+名词） 1)、通常只变后面的名词为复数，如boy student→boy student s,shoe shop→shoe shop s 2）但当前面的名词是man和woman时，两个词都变为复数，如man teacher→m e n teacher s 3）一般组合名词变为复数形式时只将中心词变为复数 daughter-in-law儿媳妇—daughters-in-law man doctor男医生-men doctor half brother—half brothers(同父异母或同母异父的兄弟)，man driver—men drivers(男司机) woman doctor—women doctors(女大夫)grown up—grown ups(成年人) 4）、“数词+名词+形容词”构成的复合形容词，中间的名词不能用复数形式而须用单数形 式，She is a five-year-old girl 她是一个五岁女孩。a ten-story-high building 一幢
英语名词用法总结(完整)
英语名词用法总结(完整) 一、单项选择名词 1．‘’There is among Chinese people that no country or individual can can protect itself without intellectual property（知识产权）protection’’ Liu Xin said. A．commitment B．criterion C．consensus D．competence 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：刘鑫说，在中国人群中由这样一种共识，没有知识产权保护法的话，任何国家和个人都不能保护自己。https://www.sodocs.net/doc/6a2628453.html,mitment 承诺、许诺，（因工作而）献身、奉献B. criterion （判断的）标准、准则、原则；C.consensus 一致意见、共识；D. competence 能力、胜任、本领。根据句意判断，故选C。 2．场景、场面 ( 着重人物的活动) 3．His conflicted with that of the other witnesses and yet his story had, for me, the ring of truth. A．expectation B．instruction C．response D．account 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】 考查名词辨析。句意：他的叙述与其他目击者讲的有矛盾。然而在我看来，他所说的有可能是真的。A. expectation期望；B. instruction指示；C. response 回应 ;D. account陈述。由“yet his story”可知，account符合句意。故D选项正确。 4．Only when women are enabled to become strong will our families, our economies, and our societies reach their fullest . A．distinction B．innovation C．potential D．appreciation 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】 考查名词。A. distinction区别； B. innovation创新； C. potential潜能； D. appreciation 欣赏。句意：只有当妇女能够变得强大时，我们的家庭、经济和社会才能充分发挥其潜力。结合句意可知答案为C。 5．Violent programs on television may have a bad on children. A．injury B．pressure
高中英语：名词作定语的用法讲解
高中英语：名词作定语的用法讲解 作定语的名词往往是说明其中名词的材料、用途、时间、地点、内容、类别等。 下面是是名词作定语的用法讲解，大家可以参考学习。 一、名词作定语的基本原则 名词作定语原则上用单数，不用复数。如： a stone bridge 石桥(不能说a stones bridge) a meeting room 会议室(不能说a meetings room) morning exercise 早操(不能说a mornings exercise) a story book 故事书(不能说a stories book) a coffee cup 咖啡杯(不能说a coffees cup) a baby girl 女婴(不能说a babies girl) a school gate 校门(不能说a schools gate) eye drops眼药水(不能说eyes drops) test paper考卷(不能说tests paper) book report读书报告(不能说books report) train station火车站(不能说trains station) plane ticket机票(不能说plane tickets) pocket money零花钱（不能说pockets money） generation gap代沟（不能说generations gap） 二、用复数名词作定语的四种情形： 1. 有些只有复数形式的名词，则用复数作定语：
goods train 货车 clothes shop 服装店 an arts degree文科学位 customs officer海关人员 2. 有些习惯上通常要用复数的名词也习惯上用复数。如： sports car 跑车 savings bank储蓄银行 3. 当man, woman用于名词前作定语，表示性别时，若被修饰的名词为复数，则man, woman也要用复数。如： men nurse 男护士 women doctor 女医生 4. 有时复数名词作定语可视为复数名词所有格作定语的省略形式。如： a teachers college 师范学院(teachers等于teachers’) one trousers pockets 裤兜(trousers等于trousers’) eight hours sleep 八个小时睡眠(hours等于hours’) a three weeks training 三周训练(weeks等于weeks’) 注：eight hours sleep 之类的说法，既可表达为eight hours’sleep，也可表达为an eight-hour sleep。类似的如： a five-second pause 一次五秒钟的停顿 a ten-minute break 一次十分钟的中间休息 a two-hour exam. 一次两小时的考试
英语名词用法总结
名词 考点： 1.掌握可数名词的复数 2.学会表示不可数名词的量 3.掌握构词法：名词变形容词 4.掌握名词所有格的用法 5.掌握名词做主语、定语的用法 冠词离开名词没有任何意义，因此在学习冠词前，首先要了解名词的分类： 个体名词：人或物所共用的名称dog, chair 名词可分为：可数名词 集体名词：集体的名称class, family, police, 物质名词：物质的名称paper, water 不可数名词抽象名词：抽象的物的名称happiness 专有名词：人或物所特有的名称Tom, China 考点一：可数名词的数 可数名词复数变化规则： (1)规则变化：a. 以-s,-x,-sh, -ch,结尾的名词，在词尾+es, 发音/-Is/ eg：classes, brushes, boxes, watches b. 以辅音字母+ -y结尾，将y变i，再+es，eg：parties, stories（注意元音同y结尾时+s boys） c．部分以f或fe结尾的词，将变f/fe为v+es，eg：wife-wives 口诀：（妻见小偷加下藏，手拿小刀想杀狼，忽然飘下一片叶，砸在头上一命亡） d.部分以o结尾的词，（生物名词，包括动植物，口诀：黑人英雄爱吃土豆西红柿）后加es， 如：Negroes, heroes, potatoes, tomatoes, 以o结尾的无生命的词，一般直接+s eg：photos，pianos，kilos，tobaccos （2）不规则变化：a. 名词中所含元音字母发生变化eg: foot-feet; tooth- teeth; man- men; woman- women; b: 名词词尾加en/ren：ox-oxen；child-children； c. 单复数同行：fish; sheep; deer; means; aircraft; d. 关于国家: 中日不变，英法荷变，其他后面加s two Chinese; five Japanese;/ Englishmen; Englishwomen; Dutchmen; /Germans; Americans e. 有些集体名词用单数形式表达事物总称，如hair, fruit, 但在表示“几根头发”，“若 干水果”时，则用复数形式 a few white hairs; several foreign fruits f. 有些名词形式上是单数的，但实际上是复数的，这一类名词有：cattle牛，家畜；people 人们；vermin害虫；police警察；staff全体职员; clergy僧侣，神职人员；youth； mankind；bacteria；crew等 g. 有些集体名词表示整体时用单数，表示集体中的各个成员时用做复数，能这样用的集 体名词有：audience，club，class，college，crowd，company，couple，department， enemy，family，firm，flock, generation, government, group, herd, navy, party, public, population, press新闻界/记者群，staff, team, university等 (3) 复合名词的复数a. 由man或woman为前缀的复合名词，两者都变成复数
英语名词用法详解
英语名词用法详解 一、单项选择名词 1．A new ______ to teaching languages is being used here, and it has turned out to be very helpful to the students. A．approach B．means C．method D．way 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：教学语言的一个新的方法正在这儿被使用，这证明对学生很有用。这几个词都有“方法”的意思，但是A. approach 后面接to doing；B. means，method，way后面都是of doing，way还可以接不定式。故选A。 2．On November 11, Alibaba sold more than 210 billion yuan ___________ goods on its e-commerce platforms https://www.sodocs.net/doc/6a2628453.html, and TMall, making headlines all over the world. A．sum of B．value for C．worth of D．profit for 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】 考名词短语辨析。A. sum of……的总和；B. value for物有所值（多形容质量）；C. worth of 值……的价值（多用于实际价值）；D. profit for利润为。句意：11月11日，阿里巴巴在其电子商务平台淘宝和天猫上销售了价值2100多亿元的商品，成为全世界的头条新闻。 3．As for your ________ about the shoes, sir, I will speak to the person in charge and ask him either to give you another pair or to give your money back. A．composition B．compromise C．complaint D．concept 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】 考查名词。A. composition作文； B. compromise妥协； C. complaint抱怨； D. concept 概念。句意：先生，关于你对这双鞋的投诉，我会和负责的人谈谈，让他要么给你另一双鞋，要么把钱还给你。complaint about“对------抱怨”，故选C。 4．Now that the banks are back on their feet, we expect the extraordinary______ from them to help rebuild the economy. A．category B．commitment C．component D．competence 【答案】B