2015职称英语新增文章英汉互译

Real World Robots

现实世界中的机器人

When you think of a robot, do you envision a shiny, metallic device having the same general shape as a human being, performing humanlike functions, and responding to your questions in a monotone voice accentuated by high-pitched tones and beeps? This is the way many of us imagine a robot, but in the real world, a robot is not humanoid at all. Instead a robot often is a voiceless, box-shaped machine that efficiently carries out

当你想到一个机器人，你想像的有光泽，具有相同的一般形状的金属装置，作为一个人类，执行人的功能，在一个单调的声音高亢的音调的声音加重你的问题的回应？这是许多我们想象一个机器人，但是在现实世界中，一个机器人都不是人形。取而代之的是一个机器人往往是无声的，箱型机，有效地进行

repetitive or dangerous functions usually performed by humans.

重复的或危险的通常是由人执行的功能。

Today’s robot is more than an automatic machine that performs one task again and again. A modern robot is programmed with varying degrees of artificial intelligence—that is, a robot contains a computer program that tells it how to perform tasks associated with human intelligence, such as reasoning,drawing conclusions, and learning from past experience. A robot does not possess a human shape for the simple reason that a two-legged robot has great difficulty remaining balanced. A robot does, however, move from place to place on wheels and axles that roll and rotate. A

今天的机器人是一个自动的机器，执行一个任务，一次又一次。现代机器人是不同的人工智能，机器人编程是度，包含一个计算机程序，告诉它如何执行与人类智能有关的任务，如推理，得出结论，从过去的经验中学习。一个机器人不具备这一二条腿的机器人很难平衡的原因很简单，剩下的人的形状。一个机器人，然而，流离转徙轮轴，滚动和旋转。一个

robot even has limbs that swivel and move in combination with joints and motors.

机器人甚至有四肢与关节和马达组合的旋转和移动。

To find its way in its surroundings1, a robot utilizes various built-in sensors. Antennae attached to the robot’s base detect anything they bump into. If the robot starts to teeter as it moves on an incline, a gyroscope or a pendulum inside

在surroundings1寻路，机器人利用各种内置传感器。连接到机器人的基础上发现任何他们撞到天线。如果机器人开始步履蹒跚时，在斜坡上，陀螺仪或摆在

it senses the vertical differential. To determine its distance from an object and how quickly it will reach the object，the robot bounces beams of laser light and ultrasonic sound waves off obstructions in its path2. These and other sensors constantly feed information to the computer, which then analyzes the information and corrects or adjusts the robot’s actions. As science and technology advance, the robot too will progress in its functions and use of artificial-intelligence programs.

它感觉的垂直差异。确定从一个对象的距离和如何快速地达到目标，机器人弹跳的激光和超声波声波在其path2障碍梁。这些和其他的传感器不断反馈信息到计算机，然后分析信息并修正

或调整机器人的行为。随着科学技术的进步，机器人也会在它的功能和使用的人工智能程序的进展。

补全短文新增文章：

Three years ago a bolt of lightning all but destroyed Lyn Miller’s house in Aberdeen—with her two children inside. “There was a huge rainstorm,” she says, recalling the terrifying experience.“My brother and I were outside desperately working to stop floodwater from coming in the house. Suddenly I was thrown to the ground by an enormous bang. ____1_ When I picked myself up, the roof and the entire upper storey of the house had been demolished.

三年前的一道闪电都毁在阿伯丁Lyn Miller的房子里和她的两个孩子里面。“有一个巨大的风暴，”她说，回忆可怕的经历。”我和我的兄弟在拼命工作以阻止洪水进入房间。我突然被扔在地上的一个巨大的爆炸。____1_当我爬了起来，屋顶和房子的整个上层楼已拆除。

___ The door was blocked by rubble, but we forced our way in and found the children, thankfully unharmed. Later I was told to be struck by lightning is a chance in a million.” In fact, it’s calculated at one chance in 600,000. Even so, Dr Mark Keys of AER

___门被瓦砾，但我们挤了进去，发现孩子们安然无恙，谢天谢地。后来有人告诉我被闪电击中的是一百万的一个机会。”事实上，它的计算在一个机会600000。即便如此，马克博士的钥匙是

Technology, an organisation that monitors the effects of lightning, thinks you should be sensible. “I wouldn’t go out in a storm—but then I’m quite a careful person.” He advi ses anyone who is unlucky enough to be caught in a storm to get down on the ground and curl up into a ball, making yourself as small as possible. Lightning is one of nature’s most awesome displays of sheer power. ____2__ A No wonder the ancient Greeks thought it was Zeus, father of the gods, throwing thunderbolts around in anger.__ 250 years ago, Benjamin Franklin, the American scientist and statesman，proved that lightning is a form of electricity, but scientists still lack a complete understanding of how it works. ____3_ Occasionally there are warning signs.___ Positive electrical charges streaming upwards from trees or church spires may glow and make a buzzing noise, and people’s hair can stand on end. And if you fear lightning, you’ll be glad to know that a company in America has manufactured a

hand-held lightning detector which can detect it up to 70 kms away, sound a warning tone and monitor the storm’s approach. Nancy Wilder was playing golf at a club in Surrey when she was hit by a bolt of lightning.

技术，一个组织，监测雷电的影响，认为你应该通情达理。“我不会去风暴不过我是一个细心的人。”他建议任何人谁是不幸在一场风暴把放在地上，蜷缩成一个球，使自己尽可能小。闪电是大自然最可怕的表现出纯粹的力量。____2__难怪古希腊人以为是宙斯，众神之父，投掷雷电在愤怒。__ 250年前，本杰明富兰克林，美国的科学家和政治家，证明了闪电是电的一种形式，但科学家们仍然缺乏一个全面的了解它是如何工作的。____3_偶尔有警告标志。正电荷流___上树或教堂的尖顶可以发光和发出嗡嗡的噪声，和人的头发竖起来。如果你害怕闪电，你会很高兴知道，一家位于美国的公司制作了一个手持闪电探测器可以探测到70公里远，发出警告音和风暴的监测方法。南茜怀尔德在萨里郡的一个俱乐部打高尔夫球时，她被一道闪电击中。Mrs Wilder’s heart stopped beating, but she was resuscitated and, after a few days in hospital, where she was treated for bums to her head, hands and feet, she was pronounced fit again. Since that time，she has been a strictly fair weather golfer

怀尔德夫人的心脏停止了跳动，但她复苏后，住院几天，她被烧伤治疗她的头，手和脚，她被宣布复出。自那时以来，她一直是一个严格的公平的天气的高尔夫球手

1. ____4__ In fact, a golf course is one of the most dangerous places to be during a thunderstorm.

1。____4__事实上，一个高尔夫球场是雷雨中最危险的地方。

__ The best place to be is inside a car! The largest number of people to be struck by lightning at one time was in September 1995 when 17 players on a football pitch were hit simultaneously. The most extraordinary aspect of the strike was the fact that 11 of the victims—seven adults and four children—had burn patterns of tiny holes at 3 centimetre intervals on each toe and around the soles of their feet. Harold Deal, a retired electrician from South Carolina, USA, was struck by lightning 26 years ago. He was apparently unhurt, but it later emerged that the strike had damaged the

__最好的地方是在汽车里！最大数量的人被闪电击中的一次是在九月1995时，17名球员在球场上被击中的同时。罢工的最非凡之处在于，11的受害者七成人和四儿童有微小的孔在3厘米的间隔燃烧模式在每个脚趾及脚底。哈罗德的交易，从南卡罗来纳州，美国的退休电工，被闪电击中了26年前。他显然没有受伤，但后来出现了罢工破坏了

part of the brain which controls the sensation of temperature. ____5_ Since then the freezing South Carolina winters haven’t bothered Harold, since he is completely unable to feel the cold.

其中控制温度的感觉的大脑的一部分。自那时以来，南卡罗来纳州的冬天冻结没有困扰哈罗德____5_，因为他完全不觉得冷。

___ Animals are victims of lightning too2．Hundreds of cows and sheep are killed every year, largely

___动物是闪电2受害者。牛羊每年有数百人被杀，很大程度上

because they go under trees. In East Anglia in 1918,504 sheep

因为他们走在树下。在东英吉利的1918504只羊

were killed instantaneously by the same bolt of lightning that hit the ground and travelled through the entire flock. Lightning is also responsible for starting more than 10,000 forest fires each year world-wide.

被闪电击中地面，走遍了整个羊群相同的螺栓瞬间死亡。闪电也开始负责超过10000的森林火灾每年全世界。

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