初中语法宾语从句精讲精练

宾语从句

概述用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。

that

引导词 * if, whether

I特殊疑问词

语序「一般语序

\ I语序不变

主句为一般现在时

时态主句为一般过去时

从句为客观真理

\ 主句为Could / Would / Will you

宾语从句在句中可作及物动词的宾语、介词的宾语或形容词的宾语。

I know that he has returned.(动词的宾语)

I am surprised that you didn ' t hear abou形容词的宾语)

I am curious that what he will say.(介词的宾语)

一、宾语从句的引导词

1. 宾语从句为陈述句时，引导词通常用that，无实在意义,

e.g. I don ' t know (that) he is leaving for the US.

以下情况that不可省略：

1) and连接两个或多个宾从，第二个以及后面的宾从中般情况下可省略

that不可省略。

e.g. Everybody could see what happened and that Tom was frightened.

2) that 引导的宾从做except，in, but, besides 等少数介词的宾语时，that 不可省略。

e.g. I know nothing about him except that he is from the south.

3) that 从句位于句首时，that 不可省略。

e.g. That he ever said such a thing I didn ' t believe.

4) 主句谓语动词与that 从句之间有插入语，that 不可省略。

e.g. He told me, believe it or not, that he would buy a car.

5) that 引导的宾语从句中又含有从句时，that 一般不可省略。

e.g. I think that if you study hard, you will pass the test.

2. 从句为一般疑问句时，引导词用if 或whether ，意为“是否”。一般情况下if 和whether 可互换.

但以下几种情况只能用whether ，

1) 当从句中有or / or not 时，只能用whether 。

2) 引导词后为动词不定式时，只能用whether。

3) 从句作介词的宾语时，只能用whether。

e.g. Sorry, I don 'wthkenthoewr to hold the autumn sports meet next week.

I want to know whether we are going to hold the sports meet or not.

I haven ' t settled the questionwohfether I ' ll go back home.

［真题］

1. We don ' t know ________ it next. Let ' s go and ask Mr11L重庆】

A. what to do

B. to do what

C. whether to do

D. to do whether

2. We ' ll plant trees tomorrow, and I don __________ '__t_knT o wm will come and join us. 【11天津】

A. whether

B. which

C. what

D. where

3. —Is Tom still in New York or already back at home? 【12十堰】

—I 'm not sur_e ________ . I 'll call to make sure.

A. how he will be back

B. that he has come back

C. why he has come back

D. if he has been back

4. —What about going to the South Lake for a picnic next weekend?

—OK. But I ' m not s_u_r_e _____ it will rain. 【12 绵阳】

A. why

B. where

C. when

D. whether

5. Do you know ________ Zunyi or not tomorrow? 【12 黔西南】

A. whether are they leaving for

B. whether they are leaving for

C. if they are leaving for

D. if are they leaving for

【答案】1-5 CABDB

【解析】

1. B 和C 选项的形式不对，因为句子中有it 故A 选项是错误的，只能用whether to do 。

2. 从句为一般疑问句时，引导词用whether/if 。

3. 从句为一般疑问句时，引导词用whether/if 。

4. 从句为一般疑问句时，引导词用whether/if 。

5. 从句中有or not时，只能用whether，且从句语序要用陈述语序。

3. 从句为特殊疑问句时，引导词用特殊疑问词，经常有who, whom, whose, what, which, when, where, how, why, whoever, whatever, wherever, whenever.

e.g. I want to know why you don 't like studying.

I want to know what you like to do.

I don ' t cawreherever you will go.

［真题］

1. —Could you tell me ________ he came here?

—He drove here himself. 【12. 安徽】

A. how

B. why

C. when

D. whether

2. I can e'mtermber _______ I put the book, and I need it for my homework now. 【11 广州】

7.由答语判断，引导词用特殊疑问词 what ，宾语从句的语序为陈述语序。

C. what

D. why

3. ______________________ — Do you know Emma is?

—I met her on the playground just now. 【 11丽水】

A ． what

B ． how

C ． where

D ． who

4. — Do you know ________ the girl in white is?

— I ' m not sure. Maybe she is a docto 【r. 11 绥化】

A. how

B. where

C. what

D. who

5. — Could you tell me _______ ?

— He's a bank clerk. 【 11 成都】

A. who your father is

B. what your father does

C. where your father works

6. Do you know ________ f om Yiyang to Changsha? 【 11 益阳】

A. how far it is

B. how far is it

C. how long is it

7. — I wonder ________ l ike to be an astronaut （ 宇航员 ）.

— I don ' t know, but I imagine it

答案】 1-5 AACCB 6-7 AB

解析】

1. 由答语判断，提问方式，引导词用特殊疑问词 how 。

2. 由答语判断，引导词用特殊疑问词 where 。

3. 由答语判断，提问地点，引导词用特殊疑问词

where 。 4. 由答语判断，提问职业，引导词用特殊疑问词 what 。

5. 由答语判断，提问职业，引导词用特殊疑问词 what 。

A. where

B. how 'is exciting. A. what is it

C. whether is it

B. what it is D. whether it is.

6. 由答语判断，提问距离，引导词用特殊疑问词 how far, 宾语从句中语序为陈述语序。

3. — Do you know ________ t omorrow?

— Sorry, I don't know. You may surf the internet.

A. whether will it rain

B. if it will rain 4. — Do you know ________ ?

— Yes. She is doing her homework. 【 11 广西】

A. what is your sister doing

C. when your sister is doing homework

5. — Could you tell me ________ the party?

— Next Friday. 【 11 柳州】

A. where we are going to have

B. when we are going to have

C. when we were going to have 答案】 1-5 ACBBB

解析】

宾语从句的语序

1. 宾语从句的语序一般为陈述语序，即主语 + 谓语 +

e.g. Do you know when we are going to hold the Christmas party?

Could you tell me what you are going to be when you grow up?

［真题］

1. — I hear we — Sorry, I have no idea. 【 09 朝阳】

A. he will come

B. will he come

C. is he coming

D. he was coming

2. Excuse me, sir. Could you tell me

A. where is the bank nearest

C. where the nearest bank is ll have a new foreign teacher soon. Do you know when _________ ? 09 广州】 B. where is the nearest bank

D. the nearest bank is where

11 湘潭】 C. whether does it rain

B. what your sister is doing D. where is your sister doing homework

1. 宾语从句的语序要用陈述语序。根据语境判断，时态应选用一般将来时。

2. 宾语从句的语序要用陈述语序。

3. 宾语从句的语序要用陈述语序。

4. 宾语从句的语序要用陈述语序。由答语判断，连接词应用what引导。

5. 宾语从句的语序要用陈述语序,由答语可知需用when提问。

2. 从句为疑问句，但语序保持不变的有：

1) what's wrong / the matter (with sb.)

e.g. Do you know what S the matter with Mr. Zi ?

The teacher asked me what was wrong with Jenny .

［真题］

—Can you tell me _________ ?

—I lost my MP3 player.【11 铜仁】

A. What' s the matter with you

B. what the matter is with you

C. what the matter you is

D. what the matter with you are.

【答案】A

【解析】

宾语从句为what's wrong / the matter (with sb.)类的疑问句，故语序不变。

2) what happened (to sb.) / what has happened

e.g. The teacher asked mewhat happe ned to Jenny.

Do you know what happened on the street?

3) which is the way to …

e.g. Could you tell me which is the way to the Nanhu Park ?

Sorry, I don ' t wh)wi is the way to the Nanhu Park.

4) Who ' s on duty?/ What is in the box?

e.g. The teacher asked who was on duty.

My mother won dered what was in the box.

3. 当主句是一般现在时，主语是第一人称，谓语动词是think ，consider, suppose, believe, expect, guess, imagine等表达个人观点的动词时，如果宾从中含有not时,需要把not 提到主句谓语上，即主句动词变为否定。

e.g. I don ' t think he can do it better than I.

注意：当谓语动词为hope，宾语从句中的否定不能前移。

e.g. I hope he won 't suffer so much.

三、宾语从句的时态

1. 若主句的时态是一般现在时，则宾语从句该用什么时态就用什么时态。

e.g. I don 't believewyoonu'letarn English well.

Harry Potter knows what has happened to Hogwarts.

［真题］

1. I don 't k_n_o_w _____ the charity show tomorrow. Can you tell me? 【09宿迁】

A. when we start

B. when did we start

C. when we will start

D. when will we start

2. I don't rememb_e_r ______ the book yesterday.【13 北京】

A. where I put

B. where did I put

C. where will I put

D. where l will put

3. —Do you know _________ this afternoon?

—I'm not sure, but I'll tell you as soon as she _________ .【13 江苏连云港】

A. how will Betty arrive; starts

B. how Betty will arrive; will start

C. what time will Betty arrive; will start

D. what time Betty will arrive; starts

4. —I want to know.

—Sorry. I 've no idea. But she was here just 【no1w3. 广东湛江】

A. where is Ann

B. where Ann is

C. where was Ann

D. where Ann was

5. ——Hi, Bruce. Here is a letter for you.

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人教版九年级英语第10单元词句精讲精练

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名词性从句之主语从句讲解

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David

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1）、形容词性物主代词用作形容词，在句中仅作定语，修饰名词。 His father is an engineer.他父亲是工程师。 2）、名词性物主代词替名词词组，在句中可用作主语、表语和宾语。 三、反身代词 1）反身动代词的构成： 第一、第二人称的反身代词由形容词的物主代词加上self, selves构成.如：myself我自己, ourselves 我们自己, yourself你自己, yourselves你们自己；第三人称的反身代词是由宾格加上self, selves构成.如：himself他自己, herself她自己, itself它自己,以及themselves他们/她们/它们自己。 （注意：凡是单数人称代词的反身代词在后加self,复数人称的反身代词在后加selves。） 2）反身代词不可作主语。 四、指示性代词 指示代词包括：this、that、these、those、such、so、the same (一) this, that, these和those 1. this, these往往指时间或空间上较近的人或物；that, those可指时间或空间上较远的人或物。This gift is for you and that one is for your brother. I love these books but I don't like those (Ones). 2. that和this都可指代前面提到的事或情况，而指即将要提到的事情时只能用this。 We have no time to do it. That/This is our trouble. —I'm going on a hiking this weekend. 这周我要去徒步旅行。 3. that，those常常用来代替已提到过的名同，以避免重复。 I love reading poems by Emerson better than those by Whitman. 我喜欢读爱默生的诗，胜过读惠特曼的诗。(those代替poems) 4. 打电话时，this指自己，that指对方。 Hello. This is Alan. Who is that speaking? 喂，你好!我是阿伦。你是哪位? 5. 习惯用法 ?like this就这样，如此?That's enough!我受够了!

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高考必考语法精讲精练 语法专题十：名词性从句 名词性从句是比较重要的语法项目。《2017年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试大纲》附录语法项目表中对名词性从句列了四项：主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。全国卷新课标Ⅰ对名词性从句的考查一般在语法填空和短文改错中，主要考查从句引导词的用法。 2015年高考全国卷Ⅰ没有考查名词性从句。 2016年高考全国卷Ⅰ第71题（短文改错）考查了宾语从句的引导词，My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to that I live.本句中须将that改为where。 2017年高考全国卷Ⅰ没有考查了名词性从句。 在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫做名词性从句。名词可以充当句子的主语、宾语、表语和同位语，因此，名词性从句包括主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句和同位语从句。 ①What was most important to her was her family.(主语从句) ②I don’t know what you want to say.(宾语从句) ③The good news is that we have won the game.(表语从句) ④The news that we have won the game is true.(同位语从句) 注意：连词that在引导名词性从句时无词义，不充当句子成分，只起连接作用，在主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句中不能省略，在引导宾语从句时，口语或非正式的文体中常被省去；疑问代词、疑问副词、缩合连接词以及关联短语在句中既保留自己的含义又起连接作用，在从句中充当成分。名词性从句一般都用陈述句 ．．．的语序，即使从句表达的是疑问含义。例如： ①The problem is what he has done to the little boy. ②We all don’t know when he will come. 1. 主语从句 在复合句中作主语的句子叫主语从句 主语从句通常由从属连词that，whether 和连接代词what, who,which,whatever, whoever以及连接副词how,when,where, why等词引导。例如： ①That he stole a bike was true. ②What he wants to tell us is not clear. ③Who will win the match is still unknown. ④Where the English evening will be held has not yet been announced.