新人教版八年级上学期英语必考知识点大汇总

Unit1 Where did you go on vacation?

【重点语法】

不定代词：不指名代替任何特定名词

形容词的代词叫做不定代词。

用法注意：

1. some和any +可数名/不可数名。

some多用于肯定句，any多用于否定句、疑问句和条件从句。有些问句中用some,不用any,问话者希望得到对方肯定回答。

2. 由some, any, no, every 与 body, one, thing构成的复不定代词作主语时，其谓语动词用三单。

3. 不定代词若有定语修饰，该定语要置于其后：

如：something interesting

【重点短语】

1. buy sth for ab./ buy sb. sth 为某人买某物

2. taste + adj. 尝起来……

3. nothing...but + V.(原形)

除了……之外什么都没有

4. seem + (to be) + adj 看起来

5. arrive in + 大地方到达某地

arrive at + 小地方到达某地

6. decide to do sth. 决定做某事

7. try doing sth. 尝试做某事/

try to do sth. 尽力做某事

8. enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事

9. want to do sth. 想去做某事

10. start doing sth. 开始做某事

=begin doing sth.

11. stop doing sth. 停止做某事

区分：stop to do sth. 停下来去做某事

12. dislike doing sth. 不喜欢做某事

13. so + adj + that + 从句如此…以至于14. tell sb. (not) to do sth.

告诉某人（不要）做某事

15. keep doing sth. 继续做某事

16. forget to do sth. 忘记去做某事

forget doing sth 忘记做过某事

【词语辨析】

1. take a photo/ take photos 拍照

quite a few+名词复数“许多…”

2.seem + 形容词看起来…

You seem happy today.

seem + to do sth. 似乎/好像做某事

I seem to have a cold.

It seems + 从句似乎…

It seems that no one believe you.

seem like ... 好像，似乎…

It seems like a good idea.

3. arrive in +大地点= get to= reach+地点名

4. feel like sth 感觉像…

feel doing sth. 想要做某事

5. wonder（想知道）+疑问词（who, what, why)引导的从句。

6. because of +名/代/V-ing

because+从句

He can’t take a walk because of the rain.

I don’t buy the shirt because it was too expensive.

7.enough +名词足够的…

形容词/副词+enough

Unit2 How often do you exercise?

【重点语法】

1. 频率副词: always, usually,often,sometimes, never。频率副词在句中通常放在实义动词之前, be动词或助动词之后。常用于一般现在时态中。

2.“次数”的表达方法

一次once，两次twice，三次或三次以上：基数词+ times, 如：three times, five times,

3. how often“多久一次”问频率，回答常含有频率词组或短语。

常见的how疑问词：

1）How soon 多久（以后）

—How soon will he be back?他多久能回来？

—He will be back in a month.他一个月后回来。

2）how long “多久”

—How long did it take you to clean the house? 你打扫房子用了多久？

—It took me half an hour to clean the house. 我打扫这房子用了半小时。

3）How many+名复

How much+不可名

“多少”问数量（how much 还可问价格）

【重点短语】

1. go skate boarding 去滑板

2. look after = take care of 照顾

3. surf the internet 上网

4. healthy lifestyle 健康的生活方式

5. keep healthy=stay healthy 保持健康

6.make a difference to 对......有影响/作用

7. most of the students=most students

8. shop=go shopping=do some shopping 购物

9. be good for 对......有益

be bad for 对......有害

10. come home from school放学回家

11. of course = certainly = sure 当然

12. get good grades 取得好成绩

13. keep/be in good health 保持健康

14. take a vacation 去度假

【词语辨析】

1. maybe / may be

maybe 是副词，意为“大概，可能，或许”，一般用于句首。May be 是情态动词，意为“可能是...，也许是...，大概是...”.

The baby is crying.Maybeshe is hungry.

The woman may be a teacher.

2. a few / few / a little / little

People can live to 100, but fewpeople can live to 150. There islittletime left.I won’t catch the first bus. Could you give me a little milk?

3. hard / hardly

hard作形容词，意为“困难的，艰苦的，硬的”；作副词，意为“努力地，猛烈地”。hardly为副词，意为“几乎不”。

The ground is too hard to dig.

I can hardly understand them.

It’s raininghard.Thepeople canhardlygo outside.

4. As for homework , most students do homework every day. as for...意思是“至于；关于”,+名词、代词或动词的-ing形式（即动名词）。

如：As for him,I never want to see him here.

至于他,我永远不希望在这里见到。

As for the story,you'd better not believe it.

关于那故事,你最好不要相信。

5. That sounds interesting.

这是“主语+系动词+表语”结构的句。sound（听起来）,look（看起来）,smell（闻起来）,taste（尝起来）,feel（觉得），seem（好象）,grow（变得）,get（变得）等词在英语中可用作系动词,后跟形容词作语。

如：It tastes good. 这味道好。

The music sounds very sweet.

这音乐听起来很入耳。

The smoke grew heavier and heavier.

烟雾变得越来越浓了。

6. percent 名词，意为“百分之……”

百分数的表示方法：基数+ percent (不用复数形式)，percent做主语时，谓语动词的数要根据其后面的名词来确定。

50％：fifty percent 百分之五十

Fifty percent of the apples are bad.

50%的苹果都坏了。

Twenty percent of the meat is in thefridge.

20%的肉都在冰箱

7. not… at all 意为“一点也不”，not应放在be动词、情态动词或助动词之后。

The storyisn’tinteresting at all.

那个故事一点也没有趣。

8. It is + adj. to do sth. 做某事是……的。

It is interesting to play computer games.

玩电脑很有趣。

9. It takes sb. some time to do sth.

意为“花费某人……时间来做某事”。

人(sb.) spend 时间/钱 on sth.

“买某物花了……钱”

人(sb.) spend 时间/钱(in) doing

“花费多少时间来做某事”

pay...for...“花钱买某物”

pay的主语必须是人

10. however 副词，意为“然而，可是”，表示转折关系,可放在句首、句中、句末。

Unit3 I’m more outgoing than my sister.

【重点语法】

1.比较级句型:

（1）A + be动词+形容词的比较级+than +B

“A比B更……”

（注意：A与B必须是同级的，即必须是人与人，物与物进行对比）（2）“A+实意动词+副词比较级+ than + B”

表示“A比B…”

（3）比较A ，B两人/两事物问哪一个较…

时用句型：

“Who/which +谓语动词+ adj./adv.比较级，A or B ?”

Who is thinner, Jenny or Mary?

2. 比较级的特殊用法

（1）“比较级+and+比较级”，意为“越来越”。多音节比较级用“more and more+原级”。

（2）“the+比较级(…), the+比较级(…)”意思是：“越…越…”The more, the better.

（3）主+ is + the 形容词比较级+of the two+名复“主语是两者中较......的”

3. 两者在某一方面相同：

A+谓语动词/be动词+as+ adj./adv.原级+ as+B.

Helen is as tall as Amy.

Peter studies as hard asTom.

表示两者在某一方面不及另一方时，用“not as/so+形容词或副词原级+as”

I am not as tall as my sister.

4. 形容词，副词比较级前的修饰语。

当需要表示一方超过另一方的程度时，可以用much, a lot, a little, a bit, 等来修饰形容词比较级。注意: 比较级不能用very, so, too, quite等修饰。

【重点短语】

1. more outgoing 更外向/更开朗

2. as...as...与……一样

3. the singing competition 歌咏比赛

4. the most important 最重要的

5. be talented in music 在音乐方面有天赋

6. the same as 与……相同

7. care about 关心/留意/关注

8. be different from 与…...不同

9. be like a mirror 像一面镜子

10. as long as 只要；与…...一样长

11. bring out 显示/显出

12. get better grades 取得更好的成绩

13. reach for 伸手达到/达到

14. touch one’s heart 感动

15. in fact 事实上

16. make friends 交朋友

17. be good at 在某方面成绩好

18. the other 另一个

19. be similar to 与…相似

20. be good with 与…和睦相处

21. have fun=have a good time 玩得开心

have fun doing sth 做某事很开心

22. do the same things as me. 做和我一样的事情

23. It’s+adj+（for sb.）to do sth. “做某事（对某人来说）是...的”

24 make friends with sb. 与某人交朋友

25. as long as 只要；既然，引导条件状语从句

【词语辨析】

1. be good at=do well in ，其后可接名词、代词或动名词，表示擅长......

2. care about 关心

care for 关爱

take care (当/小心)

take care of (照顾)=look after

3. make sb. do sth. ：让(使)某人做某事（make后跟不带to的不定式）

His father always make me get up before five o'clock.

make sb. +形容词：使某人保持某种状态

My friends always make me happy.

4. be like“就像…”I am like your sister.

look like “外貌上的像” I look like my sister.

5. That’s why+句子：那就是…的原因/那就是为什么…

That's why I study English hard. 那就是我努力学习英语的原因。

6. be different from 与……不同

反：be the same as 与……相同

7. though

①adv. 不过；可是；然而（句末补充说明使语气减弱）

②conj. 虽然；尽管=although，与but 不能同时用在一个句子中

He said he would come. He didn’t, though.

他说他要来，可是并没有来。

Though/Although he has been dead for many years, many people still remember him.

尽管他已经去世很多年了，但很多人仍然记得他。

8. get better grades 取得更好的成绩

9. does(助动词do/did)，为了避免重复，可代替上文出现过的实意动词。

10. be good with sb. 与某人相处得好

Unit4 What’s the best movie theater?

【重点语法】

1. 形容词最高级：用于三者或三者以上的人或事物相比较。

标志词：表比较范围时用in/of

形容词最高级前须加定冠词the，副词最高级前可省略the。

2. 表示“三者（或以上）中最……的”的句型

1）A + be + the 形容词最高级+ 表示范围（in/of介词短语）2）A + 实意动词+ (the) 副词最高级+ 表示范围的of/in介词短语

3. 常用句式

1) Who/ Which…+ 最高级…, A, B or C ?

2) one of +the +形容词最高级+名词复数形式, 意为“最…之一”。

3）序数词后跟形容词最高级

【重点短语】

1. so far 到目前为止，迄今为止

2. no problem 没什么，别客气

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Rigｈt away 立刻，马上 giｖe ｕp 放弃ｇive ｉn 屈服 Ｈave a nosｅｂleed 流鼻血 Sｏ thaｔ以便 sｏ…ｔｈat…如此……以至于 在考试中得运用: 1、Mｙfather ｌikes tｅa noｔhing in iｔ。 A oｆ Ｂｗithｏｕt C ｗｉth Ｈot ｔea ｗitｈ honｅｙ热蜂蜜茶(注意用介词wｉth） 2、 hｅr ｈusbａnd，she has nｏｗ beｅ a famous fiｌm ｓｔar。 A、beｃaｕse B ｔhanｋｓｔo C thａnkｓ for 3、，hｉs studenｔs all pasｓed thｅ exaｍ lasｔterm。 A TO his surprise B TO tｈeir suｒprise Ｃ TＯ his su ｒpｒise 4、mａｙbｅ yoｕshｏuld a dentｉst toｍorrｏｗ A waｔcｈＢ visit Ｃｓee ?重点（语法） 1、表示疼痛得名词或名词词组,大多数采用“身体部位+ache"或“s ｏre＋身体部位”得构成形式，一般情况下,除了头(head)、牙（toot ｈ)、胃（sｔｏｍach)用“身体部位+ache”外,其她身体部位得疼痛都用“soｒe＋身体部位"得构成形式.但背部（back)比较特殊，既可以用“身体部位＋ache"也可以用“soｒe+身体部位"得构成形式。

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基本构成如下： 一般疑问句构成： (1)will+主语+do…? Will Sarah come to visit me next Sunday? (2)there be 结构的一般疑问句：Will there + be …? Will there be fewer trees? Yes, there will. / No, there won't 否定句构成：will + not (won't)+do Sarah won't come to visit me next Sunday. 特殊疑问句构成： 特殊疑问词+will+主语+…?What will Sarah do next Sunday? (二) should的用法： should用来提出建议和忠告，后边加动词原形，否定句直接在should后边加not. 例如：I think you should eat less junk food. 我认为你应该少吃垃圾食品。 She drives a lot and she seldom walks. So I think she should walk a lot. 她经常开车，很少走路。所以我认为她应该多走路。 Students shouldn't spend too much time playing computer games. 学生们不应当花太多的时间玩计算机游戏。 学习向别人提建议的几种句式： (1)I think you should… (2)Well, you could… (3)Maybe you should … (4)Why don't you…? (5)What about doing sth.? (6)You'd better do sth. (三) 过去进行时 过去进行时表示过去某一点时间正在进行的动作或者过去某一段时间内一直进行的动作。 1. 构成 was /were + doing，例如：

初二英语下册知识点归纳

初二英语下册知识点归纳Last revision on 21 December 2020

初二(八年级)下册英语第一单元知识点归纳 初二(八年级)下册英语第一单元知识点主要是依据初二(八年级)下册英语教材，从重点短语、知识归纳、语法知识这三个部分总结了初二(八年级)下册英语第一单元知识点，适合初二学生学习英语、中考考生备考英语。 【重点短语】 1. fewer people 更少的人(fewer修饰名词复数，表示否定) 2. less free time 更少的空闲时间(less修饰不可数名词，表示否定) 3. in ten years 10年后(in的时间短语用于将来时，提问用How soon) 4. fall in love with…爱上… 例：When I met Mr. Xu for the first time, I fell in love with him at once 当我第一次见到许老师，我立刻爱上他 5. live alone 单独居住 6. feel lonely 感到孤独(比较：live alone/go along等) The girl walked alone along the street, but she didn’t feel lonely那女孩独自沿着街道走，但她并不感到孤独 7. keep/feed a pet pig 养一头宠物猪

8. fly to the moon 飞上月球 9. hundreds of +复数数百/几百(概数，类似还有thousands of; millions of) 10. the same as 和……相同 11. A be different from B A与B不同(=There is a difference/Thgere are differences between A and B) 12. wake up 醒来(wake sb. up表示“唤醒某人” 13. get bored 变得厌倦(get/become是连系动词，后跟形容词如 tired/angry/excited等) 14. go skating 去滑冰(类似还有go hiking/fishing /skating/bike riding等) 15. lots of/a lot of 许多(修饰可数名词、不可数名词都可以) 16. at the weekends 在周末 17. study at home on computers 在家通过电脑学习 18. agree with sb. 同意某人(的意见) 19. I don’t agree. = I disagree. 我不同意 20. on a piece of paper 在一张纸上(注意 paper/information/news/work/homework/housework等常考到的不可数名词) 21. on vacation 度假