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Doctrine of Precedent

Doctrine of Precedent
Doctrine of Precedent

Stare Decisis/Doctrine of Precedent:

Stare Decisis (―the decision stands‖) or the Doctrine Precedent is the basis of Australia’s system of common law. When a co urt decides a case, the reason for the decision can become a precedent for future cases. In this way the law develops a body of case law that is applied in future judgments. (AKA judge-made law).

Courts are bound by precedents, and lower courts will be bound by the decisions of higher courts in the same court hierarchy (this is BINDING PRECEDENT).

When a court is not bound by another court’s judgment, it can still be influential – this is known as PERSUASIVE PRECEDENT.

?Ratio decidendi

o This is the legal reason why a judge came to a particular decision (reason for the decision)

o meaning ―the reason‖ or ―the rationale for the decision.‖

o Unlike obiter dicta, the ratio decidendi, as a general rule, is binding on courts of lower jurisdiction—through the doctrine of precedent.

?Obiter dicta

o is a remark or observation made by a judge that, although included in the body of the court’s opinion, does not form a necessary part of the court’s decision.

o Literal translation means ―things said by the way‖

o statements constituting obiter dicta are not binding (meaning cannot be used as argument for a precedent), although in some jurisdictions, they can be

strongly persuasive.

?Persuasive Precedent

o Can be obiter dicta or decisions from other court hierarchies (interstate or international or even lower courts in the same court hierarchy) ?The High Court is the final court of appeal in Australia in matters of both State and Federal.

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