2018海淀区高三英语一模试题word版(可编辑修改word版)

9.

高三年级（英语）第1页（共I 2

页）

海淀区高三年级第二学期期中练习

A. had got

B. would get

C. got

Once by the soccer team, you'll need to train three times a week.

A. accepting

B. accepted

C. to accept

10. 一 Have you heard that Space X sent a Tesla car into space?

2018,4 本试卷共12页，共120分。考试时长100分钟，考生务必将答案答在答题纸上，在试卷上作答 无效。考试结束后，将答题纸交回。 第一部分：知识运用（共两节，45分）

第一节 单项填空〔共15小题;每小题1分，共15分） 从每题所给的A 、B 、C 、D 四个选项中，选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项， 该项涂黑。

并在答题纸上将 1. The course is designed to help students learn to show respect for A. others B. both C. those D. either He will never make progress in math

he really wants to learn it.

3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. A. if B. as long as D. in case A report on food safety in Beijing

A. published

B. was published

C. has published

D. has been published

good air quality, the government is replacing coal fiiel with natural gas. A. Guaranteed

B. Guaranteeing

C. To guarantee

leaves the classroom last should turn off the lights. A.

Which

B, Who

C. on January 15th, 2018 and it has received positive reviews.

D. Guarantee

Whichever

D. Whoever

This problem again? We

A. are discussing C. had discussed

it many times!

B. D. discussed have discussed

On Sunday morning, Nancy plans for the trip when her mother walked in.

A. if? reviewing

一 I went to the concert last nighL It was fantastic!

一 You were so lucky! IIow I wish I the ticket too.

B. wi]l review

C. was reviewing

D. reviewed

D.

accept

— Yes. they have achieved is amazing.

A, Where B. How C. That D. What

11, It is through decades of hard work China has progressed to a new stage.

A. that

B. where

C. which

D. what

12. The mayor made a statement his concern for the misuse of shared bicycles.

A. voiced

B. voice

C. voicing

D. having voiced

13. Michael was happy that he had a roof his head when.it rained.

A. on

B. over

C. up

D. around

14. You something great, otherwise

y< Mi wouldn’t have got the promotion.

A- should do B ? must do C. should have done D. must have done

15. Across the street is the research center Stephen Hawking made ! his ground-breaking

discoveries in physics.

A. where

B. that C ■ when D. which

第二节完形填空（共20小题；每小题I.5分，共30分）

阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。

My parents divorced when I was 11 years old. One year later, my lather 16 providing any type of financial support for us. Times were definitely l1^ then. I remember the threatening calls from bill collectors, and the sound of my mother crying late at night. 18 the memory that surfaces much mere strongly than all the others is one in which I learned a dear lesson about 19 .

To 20 our family my mother worked day and night. Driving home late one night, she stopped at a red light. A 21 car racing up crashed into the back of my mother’s can Amazingly, my mother71 but her car didn’t. The driver of the other car was a young man with no 23 ，so he couldn’t afiord to repair

her car. The next day, I saw our neighbors, the Claytons handing my mother an envelope with 龙500 inside. I remember my 24 , tough mother insisting that she couldn't take their money. There was no way she could ,,，-妇pay them back.

Mr. Clayton said with a smile. “Don’t worry about paying us back. When times are better, just help someone else who is in 26 . That will be 27 enoug h.”

My mother took his words to heart. A year later, on tier way back home from work, she met a young woman holding a crying baby. She invited them into our kitchen and 28 some food for them.

As the night wore on, the young woman’s story 29 . She had nin away from an unfortunate marriage, taking only her kid and a handful of 30，,,

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My mother made them a makeshift bed on our living room couch. Later，I saw her open her purse and hand the young woman some money. I knew that was almost all the money she had, yet I saw such a look of 31 upon her face as she handed it freely to the girl.

Through the years，times continued to be tough for our femily, Jn spite of this, my mother still 32 out to help others however she could, whether it was 33 money, time, or another form of service.

It has been several decades since our neighbors gave their 34 ? The sweet lesson I have learned from the dear neighbor and my mother was that when times are tough, acts of kindness and generosity can make such a 35 , . 。t

16. A. stopped B. remembered C. avoided D. suggested

17. A. puzzling B. memorable 'C. challenging D. valuable

18. A. And B. So 7； C. But D. Or

19. A. accepting B. respecting G. sharing D. caring

20. A. support B. educate C - unite D. serve

2+1. A. shiny B. speeding C ? passing D. costly

22. A. suffered B. screamed C. escaped D. survived

23. A. insurance B. licence C. experience D. family

24. A. desperate B- inspiring C，proud D. loving

25. A. secretly B，possibly C. naturally D. seriously

26. A. anxiety B. need C. turn D. depression

27. A. politeness B. success C. payment D. effort

28. A. cooled B- bought C. stored D. prepared

29. A. unfolded B - continued 'C. ended D. paused

30* A. possessions B. jewels C. tools D. purses

31. A. hesitation B. confusion C. dfitermination D. caution

32. A. rushed B. worked C. gave D. reached

33. A. about B. with C. at D. for

34> A. lesson B，opinion C. chance D- gift

35. A. sense B. difference C. request D. decision

高三年级（英语）第3页（共I2页）

第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，40分）

第一共15小题；每小题2分，共30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B-, C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。

A

How do I book a place on Airbnb?

When you honk a plaeft on Airhnh. you’re making arrangements to stay in someone's home. Each host has their own style of hospitality, starting with how they like to get to know their guests. Some hosts want to approve reservations，while others are cmnfortable letting you book their place instantly without waiting for approval.

https://www.sodocs.net/doc/679265351.html,plete A^bnr Personal Defails

airbnb In either case, it*s important to know that Airbnb is a community that relies on I rust.

Complete your personal details before you request a reservation with a host, so they can know a little bit about you when they confimi. Ycrnr personal details should include photos and vftriilcatioiis （'Jif 明），especially because soniiA hosts require guests lo have a profile pholo anri vfirified TD in older tn book.

2.Find the Right Place

With over 800,000 unique lislings around the world, you f ll want to make sure lhe place you choose has evray thing you need for a comfortable and mcmorahle trip. When searching for a place, make sure to include your dales and nwnherr nf giieats to gfit the most accurate pricing. Read reviews, dcscripticns, house rules， and. facilities for each place to see if it J s the right fit for your trip. You. can always contact the heat if y?u have any questions about their home.

3.Book It! ，

You!ve found （］te pcrfcul place，and now lime to infike It official. Tins is where the liost*s preferred way of booking will determine h.ow you’ll confirm your rcserva.lioii.- ?Instant Book

For heists who don’t want to approve eacli reservation, you111 see a button on their listing that says Instant Buck. Like Oie name suggests，you can mnfinn a reservation at these places right away.

?Request to Book

Many hosts prefer to approve reservations before they’re iinal. In this ease，you’ll see a button on their listing that says Request to Book. To submit a reservation request, yoiTll need to enter your payment details. Hoels have 24 hours lo accept vour request, and your rcacrpalion is aKtomsticalljr confirmed once they da

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? Pre -approvals and Special Offers

If you decide to contact the host to ask questions before attempting to hook, the host may respond to your message by inviting you to make a reservation with either a Pre-approval or a Special Offer. A Preapproval is an invitation to finish booking for the dates and number of guests you noted in your message. A Special Ofler gives die host the opportunity to provide special pricing, dates, and other reservation details before you book. ?

36. When filling in your personal information, you need to

?

A. request a reservation with a host B ，ask for approval from the host C ，provide your proof of identity D. trust the community where you live

37. To know the exact price, you should

.

A. check the listings online jn advance

B. contact the host to ask questions first

C. confirm your dates and number of guests

D. read previous reviews written by other users 38. If you click the Request to Book button, you can

.

A. get some special discounts

B. know the result within a day

C. get the approval immediately

D. receive a Pre-approval message 39. Where is the passage most probably from?

A. A news report. C ‘ A travel magazine.

When Chris moved in across the hall from Norma Cook four years ago in a Los Angclcs-area apartment complex, the 31-year-old actor waved to his 85—year-old neighbor for a few weeks before finally knocking on her door and introducing himself.

“The day I entered her apartment and spoke with her face to face was the day my life was changed forever,” Chris says.

He learned that Cook had no family living in California and that she suffered from a long list of illnesses, including leukemia （白血病）? The pair quickly became close firiends, as Chris took her to doctor’s appointments, cooked with her and they ran errands together. He shared their adventures on social media.

But recently, Cook’s health declined and she was in and out of the hospital several times. She once spent weeks in

B. A shopping guide. D. A research paper.

the hospital fighting pneumonia （月屯炎）and breathing issues. Eventually Cook was told by one of her doctors that she coxild no longer Eve at home unless she had 24-hour care. Because Cook had no money saved to pay her health care costs, Chris started a GoFundMe account to help cover her bills.

But caretakers are expensive and Cook quickly went through the $34,445 they raised. Knowing her days at home were limited, Chris invited Cook to move in with him to save money. -

“She loves itl I do most of my work at home so I am here most of the time to care for her. It only made sense to both of us,” Chris wrote. “She is my adopted grandmother after all and I am her grandson she never had.”

“Cook, still has weekly hospice health care visits and regular visits from caregivers, so any funds raised cover those expenses，” he wrote.

Though doctors say Cook’s days are very limited, the pair are enjoying spending time together drinking 人champagne and snuggling with her cat, Hermes, who also made the move.

“She does not want to change," Chris told Today.“My apartment was the only place she would have moved. She has strong opinions about where she wants to carry out the rest of her days, and she wants to stay here.”

Chris says he feels like the relationship was fate. "Moving her in.,, it feels as though i t was meant to be all along,” he said. “It’s really fulfilling （W成就感的）to be there for her.”

40.Chris invited Cook to live with him because she ■

A.had no other family members

B.was unable to afford 24-hour care '

C.shared similar adventures with him

D.was told not to live at home by the doctor

41.From the passage, we can learn that Chris .

A.worked as an actor for GoFundMe

B.was legally adopted as Cook’s grandson

C.collected money for Cook5s private care

D.paid Cook’s expensive health care costs

42.Which of the following words can best describe Chris?

A.Kind and sympathetic. B ■ Optimistic and friendly.

C ‘ Patient and enthusiastic.

D. Warm-hearted and outgoing.

The Lifecycle of a T-shirt

We all probably have a lot of T-shirts, but do you ever stop and think about the influence of a T-shirt on the planet? You’d probably be surprised to learn what's involved in the lifecyle of just one T-shirt.

There are 5 major stages： material, production, shipping, use and disposal （处理）.The material stage involves

高三年级（英语）第6页（共12页）

fanning, irrigating, fertilizing, harvesting and ginning. While cotton is a natural fiber （纤维）and not as harmful to the environment as manmade fibers, it still takes a toll in the material and production stages. CommeTcial cotton farming uses a large amount of water, and the use of pesticides （杀虫剂）is" widespread across the globe，especially in cotton farming. Studies have shown that farmers spend around $4.1 biHion on pesticides annually, of which 25% was spent on cotton crops in the US.

Once the cotton is grown and harvested, so begins the production stage: spinning, knitting, bleaching, dyeing, cutting, sewing, etc.—these processes also use a great deal of water and energy. Commercial dyes and bleaches are harmful pollutants and can eventually pollute groundwater.

After the T-shirt is produced，it enters the transportation stage. This often involves overseas shipping. Take a look in your closet. Chances are that most of your cotton garments （衣后K） arc made in China or India. Garments can be shipped via plane, ship or truck..., all of which spill C02 into the atmosphere. Calculations show that C02 emissions from light trucks alone amount to L15 pounds per mile.

Once the T-shirt reaches the retail market, it is purchased. This stage may seem like the least environmentally damaging part. But consider the number of times you've washed and dried your favorite T-shirt. Washing machines are certainly becoming more efficient. However, the average American household does 400 loads of laundiy per year, using about 40 gallons of waler per load. Such excessive water use is combined with the large amount of energy used by dryers.' The final stage of life is disposal. This releases harmful emissions, or involves a landfill where cotton takes years to break down. Current US records show that an estimated 15% of clothes and shoes are 坊cycled, which means that consumers send a s hocking 85% of these materials to landfills.

We all need new clothes e very once in a while, but let’s all try to keep in mind what goes into the production of clothing”. It has a real impact on the planet.

There are a lot of things you can do to help reduce your impact. Reuse and recycle clothes. If they’re too worn out to wear, cut them up and use them as cleaning rags. Donate them to charity or another organization that recycles textiles. When possible, make an effort to buy organic cotton. Turn down the thermostat on your washer, and line dry your clothes when the weather will allow it.

43.The underlined phrase “takes a toll” probably means “

A.wastes water

B. takes a lot of time

C. uses energy

D. has a bad effect

44.We can learn from the passage that in the US, ?

A.pesticides in cotton iarming cost over 4 billion dollars every year

B.CO2 emissions of land transport amount to 1.15 pounds per mile

C.about 15% of the clothes and shoes are made of materials that are recycled

D.about 16, 000 gallons of waler is used annually by an average family on laundry

45.What can be inferred from this passage?

高三年级（英语）第7页（共12芨）

A.The production process may affect water safety.

B.The clothing cost is relatively low in China and India.

C.Cotton clothes are buried because they are hard to break down,

D.The use stage is the least environmentally harmful of the five stages.

46.What i& the purpose of this article?

A.To encourage people to donate clothes to charity.

B.To promote eco-friendly actions related to clothes.

C.To persuade people to purchase more organic cotton.

D.To introduce tlie five stages in the lifecycle of clothing.

D

Eudaimonia is an Ancient Greek word, particularly stressed by the philosophers Plato and Aristotle, which deserves far more attention than it has because it corrects the shortfalls （缺失）in one of the most central, but troubling words in our modern language: happiness.

When we nowadays try to clearly express the purpose of otir lives，it is the word “happiness” that we commonly turn to. We tell ourselves and others that the most important principle for our jobs, our relationships and the conduct of our day-to-day lives is the pursuit of happiness. It sounds like an innocent enough idea, but too much reliance on the term means that we frequently unfairly tend to quit or, at least, heavily question a great many challenging but worthwhile situations. The Ancient Greeks did not believe that the purpose of life was to be happy; they proposed that it was to achieve Eudaimonia t a word which has been best translated as “fulfilment’’.

What distinguishes happiness from fulfilment is pain. Il is very possible to be fulfilled and一at the same time—mder pressure少suffering physically or mentally, overburdened and, quite frequently, in an irritable （易怒的）mood. This is a sliglit psychological diff erence that is hard for the word “happiness” to capture, for it's tricky to speak of being happy yet unhappy, or happy yet suffering. However^ such a combination is readily accommodated within the respected and noble-sounding idea of Eudaimonia.

The word encourages us to trust that many of life5s most worthwhile projects will sometimes be in conflict with

contentment, and yet will be worth pursuing. Properly exploring our professional talents, managing a household, keeping a relationship going, creating a new business venture or engaging in politics... none of these goals are likely to leave us cheerful and grinning on a daily basis. They will, in fact, involve us in all manner of challenges that will deeply exhaust and weaken us, provoke （激怒）and wound us. And yet we will perhaps, at the end of our lives, still feel that tke tasks were worth undertaking. Through them, we’ll have achieved some thing deeper and more interesting than happiness.

With the word Eudaimonia in mind, we can stop imagining that we are aiming for a pain-free existence-and then blaming ourselves unfairly for being in a bad mood. We’ll know that we arc trying to do somethin g far more important

高三年级（英语）第8页（共12页）

than smile all the time: we’re striving to do justice to our full human potential.

47.What do we know about "Eudaimonia" from the passage?

A.It was first created by two Greek philosophers.

B.It has received a lot of attention from the public.

C.It still has some shortfelh that need to be corrected.

D.It was regarded as the purpose of life in ancient Greece.

48.According to Paragraph 3, happiness .

A ? is the opposite of fulfillment

B.is free from physical or mental pain

C.stresses the psychological difference

D.serves as a respected and noble life goal

49.We can learn from the passage that .

A.aiming for happiness may lead to wrong self—blaming

B.goals that wound and weaken us result in happiness

C.challenges leading to contentment are worth undertaking

D.feeling fulfilled means we should avoid tough situation

50.The passage encourages the readers to .

A. find fulfillment with aU efforts B，seek for a pain-free existence

C. keep optimistic whatever happens

D. balance happiness and sufifering

第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填人空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Radar is an electronic device that detects planes, ships，coastlines, landmarks, and even storm clouds. The name radar conies from the first letters of the words radio direction and ranging. As the human eye uses light waves to see, radar “sees” with radio waves. Without radar, planes could not land safely in bad weather and ships could not move safely in thick fog. 51 ”

In the 1800s it was discovered that radio waves could be reflected from objects. But scientists did not ■make great advances in radar research until the 1930s，when the world was threatened by war. 52 It has been used widely in almost every conflict since then.

Echoes make it possible for radar to work. When a beam of radio waves is sent out, it strikes on an object and returns an echo. This echo is picked up by radar and recorded on a screen similar to television screen. On the screen an observer sees a flash, or a blip, that shows the direction and distance of the object. 53

Airport control towers use radar to guide planes in for safe landings. Almost all large ships depend on radar to prevent collisions with icebergs or other ships. 54 Weather forecasters “see” the size，direction, and speed of storms on radar screens. Astronomers can even use radar to measure accurately the distance to the moon. Thus, the device has

高三年级（英语）第9页（共I2页）

generated major advancements.

，55 Huge radar antennas have been installed all over the United States. They guard us against possible enemy attacks. We have ballistic-missiles （战略导弹）warning systems that can alert us to attacks when missiles are more than 1,000 miles away. Other radar systems warn us against enemy aircraft and even spying space satellites.

A. Police track speeders in radar-equipped cars-

B ■ These measurements are now highly accurate，

C ? The device can be used in a wide range of fields.

D.It is therefore especiaUy valuable to shippers and travelers.

E.During World War II many countries used radar effectively.

F< Today radar is used by commercial airliners and weather forecasters.

G. Strengtliening national defense is one of radar’s most important functions.

高三年级（英语）第10页（共I2页）

第三部分：书面表达（共两节，35分）

第一节（15分）

下面是你的美国朋友Jim给你发的?封邮件。请给他回一封邮件。

Feb. 16,2018 Dear Li Hua,

Happy Chinese New Yearl

According to the Chinese zodiac, a baby bom this year is a “dog”. So amazing! How many zodiac signs are there in Chinese culture? You know, I was horn in the summer of 2000. Could you please tell me what my zodiac sign is? And what does it mean?

i.

Thank you and I，m looking forward to your reply.

Yours,

Jim

（请务必将作文写在答题纸指定区域内）

高三年级（英语）第1J页（共I2页）

第二节（20分）

假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。请根据下面四幅图的先后顺序，用英语为校刊写一篇短文，记录今年春节你带奶奶去澳大利亚旅游的经历。

注葸：词数不少于60。

提示词：悉尼Sydney

（请务必将作文写在答题纸指定区域内）

高三年级（英语）第12页（共12页）

2018年全国高考II卷语文试题及答案

绝密★启用前 2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试 语文 本试卷共22题，共150分，共10页。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 注意事项： 1．答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清楚，将条形码准确粘贴在条形码区域内。2．答题时请按要求用笔。 3．请按照题号顺序在答题卡各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试卷上答题无效。 4．作图可先使用铅笔画出，确定后必须用黑色字迹的签字笔描黑。 5．保持卡面清洁，不要折叠、不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。 第Ⅰ卷阅读题 一、现代文阅读（35分） （一）论述类文本阅读（本题共3小题，9分） 所谓“被遗忘权”，即数据主体有权要求数据控制者永久删除有关数据主体的个人数据，有权被互联网遗忘，除非数据的保留有合法的理由，在大数据时代，数字化，廉价的存储器，易于提取、全球覆盖作为数字化记忆发展的四大驱动力，改变了记忆的经济学，使得海量的数字化记忆不仅唾手可得，甚至比选择性删除所耗费的成本更低，记忆和遗忘的平衡反转，往事正像刺青一样刻在我们的数字肌肤上；遗忘变得困难，而记忆却成了常态，“被遗忘权”的出现，意在改变数据主体难以“被遗忘”的格局，对于数据主体对信息进行自决控制的权利，并且有着更深的调节、修复大数据时代数字化记忆伦理的意义。 首先，“被遗忘权”不是消极地防御自己的隐私不受侵犯，而是主体能动地控制个人的信息，并界定个人隐私的边界，进一步说，是主体争取主动建构个人数字化记忆与遗忘的权利，与纯粹的“隐私权”不同，“被遗忘权”更是一项主动性的权利，其权利主体可自主决定是否行使该项权利对网络上已经被公开的有关个人信息进行删除，是数据主题对自己的个人信息所享有的排除他人非法使用的权利。 其次，在数据快速流转且难以被遗忘的大数据时代，“被遗忘权”对调和人类记忆与以往的平衡具有重要的意义，如果在大数据时代不能“被遗忘”，那意味着人们容易被囚禁在数字化记忆的监狱之中，不论是个人的遗忘还是社会的遗忘，在某种程度都是一种个人及社会修复和更新的机制，让我们能够从过去的经验中吸取教训，面对现实，想象未来，而不仅仅背过去的记忆所束缚。 最后，大数据技术加速了人的主体身份的“被数据化”，人成为数据的表征，个人生活的方方面面都在以

(完整版)2018年上海高考语文试卷及答案(可编辑修改word版)

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