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研究生英语综合教程上部分课后题答案及翻译资料

研究生英语综合教程上部分课后题答案及翻译资料
研究生英语综合教程上部分课后题答案及翻译资料

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Unite 1

P15

1.Your job as a future employee is to help the hiring manager mitigate/alleviate(减轻,降低) that risk.作为一个未来的员工,你的工作是帮助招聘经理降低风险。

2.You need help them identify(认定,认同) you as prospective/expected(预期的,未来的) “key player”.你需要帮助他们认定你有潜力成为一名核心员工。

3.Kelly was outstanding and outshone/surpassed(优于,超过) every other player on the field.凯利非

常出色,胜过了球场上所有其他球员。

4.Better still,develop a reputation inside your lab and with people your lab collaborates with as a person who fosters and initiates/originates(发动,创建) collaborations.更为有利的是,要在你实验室内部,以及在和你们实验室合作的人之间,培养一个良好的声誉:一个鼓励并发动合作的人。

5.He is a former scientist who transitioned/transferred(转变,改变) to industry many years ago

and then on to a senior management position.他之前是一名科学家,许多年前他转向了企业,并一直做到高级经理的职位。

6.The unions mobilized/organized(组织) thousands of workers in a protest(抗议,游行) against

the cuts.协合会组织了一场数以千计的工人游行来抗议裁员。

7.This creates a requirement not only for people who can act quickly, but for those who can think

fast with the courage to act on their convictions/beliefs(信念).

按某人的想法行事。act on ones convictions

这样,不仅对那些行动快速的人们,也对那些思维敏捷,并有勇气按自己想法行事的人们提出了要求。

8.His speech was made with such great ambiguity/vagueness(不清楚) that neither supporter nor opponent(反对者) could be certain of his true position.他的演讲有许多疑点,既没有支持者也没有反对者来肯定他的立场。

9.The scientist who is transitioning into the business world must prioritize(优先处理) his or her relationship assets/advantages(资源,优势) above their technical assets.想转行到企业界的科学家们必须优先考虑他们的社会关系资源而不是技术资源。

10.This approach, combined with a liberal(开明的) use of the pronoun “we”and not just ”I”when

describing your accomplishments(业绩), can change the company's perception/impression(看法,印象) of you from a lone wolf to a selfless collaborator.这个方法,加上你在描述业绩是开明的使用代词“我们”而不是“我”,能使公司对你的看法从“单干户”转变成“合作者”。

11.I'm trying to foster/encourage(培养,鼓励) an interest in classical music in my children.我尝试着培养孩子在古典音乐上的兴趣。

12.A German company collaborated/cooperated(合作) with a Swiss firm(公司) to develop the product.一个德国公司和一个瑞士公司合作开发的产品。

P17

The independence-versus-interdependence issue has been written about regularly and is

often introduced as the major issue separating the two worlds of scientific employment:

academic and industrial. For decades, academia has paid lip service to the idea of collaboration,

but the incentive-and-reward system has been slow to adjust . Despite the widespread interest in

collaboration and its obvious value in an academic setting , collaboration remains informal and is

actually discourage by the tenure process, in which scholars are penalized for sharing credit for

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精品文档their work with others.

Large-scale academic collaboration has taken place successfully in the past; the Manhattan

Project and contemporaneous radar research, and numerous experimental particle projects, to demonstrate cite just a few examples, are not perhaps academic in the purest sense, but they

that academic scientists can play well with others. More recently, new systems biology studies

some have been labs, but there of teamwork into academic life science are bringing a sense

the lone wolf still ——including the life sciencegrowing pains. Still, in most of academic science. rules

独立性抗相互依存关系的问题已被写入经常定期介绍在学术和工业两个世)(百度翻译但激励和

奖励制度迟迟学术界一直口惠合作的想法,界科学的用人的主要问题,几十年来,实合作仍然是非正式的,没有调整。尽管在协作的广泛兴趣和其明显的价值在学术环境中,际上是由任期过程,其中学者处罚共享的信用为自己与他人的工作劝阻。曼哈顿计划和当时雷达的研究,以及众多的;过去已经发生过成功的大规模的学术合作学术科学家可以与但他们证明,实验粒子项目,仅举几个例子也许不是纯粹意义上的学者,新的系统生物学的研究使团队合作的意识进入学术生命科学实验最近,其他人合作得很好。包括生命科学仍以单干者 - 室,但也出现了一些发展上的问题。不过,在大多数学术科学主。

Unit 2

fragrance. and taste, shape a harmonious integration of color, Cuisine in China is For the cooking process, chefs pick choice and varied ingredients and seasonings fathers, their down from and complicated skills handed employ and the unparalleled always aspiring to their ideal of perfection for all the senses. Among the many crisping, steaming , boiling, stewing, braising, frying, are cooking methods they use variety on a masterpieces they are arranged baking, simmering. When they finish their ultimately and view, to smell to that they are a real pleasure dishes of plates and so chopsticks! —also distinctiveis to partake of these delights . to savor The facility To see even the smallest child eat with such dexterity is quite amazing for many chopsticks itself and is way an art in use foreigners. The of two simple sticks in this have determined the way in which Chinese food is presented at the table.

厨师们会挑选各种各。在烹饪的过程中,中国菜是色彩、口味、形状和香味的和谐统一总是追求完美的理并运用他们父辈们所传授的无与伦比的、复杂的技巧,样的原料和调料,想。在许多烹饪方法中,他们用的是煮、炖、炖、煎、蒸、脆、烤、煨。当他们完成他们的闻到并最终这样他们就能真正地欣赏、杰作时,他们会被安排在各种各样的盘子和盘子里,看到哪怕是最小的孩子吃得这么灵巧,对许多!享受这些乐趣的设施也是独特的筷子品尝。筷子已经决定了餐桌使用两

根简单的筷子本身就是一种艺术,相当惊人的。外国人来说都是展示方式。上中国食物的Unit 3

P77雪花又一次打着转飞到了结冰的窗户上;圣诞节很快又要到了。海格已经照常一个人把12棵圣诞树运到了礼堂里;楼梯的栏杆已经用冬青和金线编成的花环缠绕好了;铠甲的头盔里点着不灭的蜡烛,走廊里则间隔地挂着大束的?寄生。每次哈利经过的时候,大群大群的女生就聚集在?寄生下,这常常导致走廊的拥堵;然而幸运的是,哈利在城堡里频繁精品文档.

精品文档没有寄生所以在两堂课之间他不用太费劲就能找到的夜间漫步使得他对秘密通道了如指掌,的路线。而不是有趣,可现在他对此只是罗恩要是在从前,也许会对这种必要的绕道感到嫉妒爱打虽然比起从前那个闷闷不乐、好斗的罗恩,哈利更喜欢现在这个笑容满面、捧腹大笑。布首先,哈利不得不忍受拉文德·趣的罗恩,可是他的这个进步却也让哈利感到了代价昂贵。哈利发现他最其次,出现朗的频繁,她似乎认为任何没有同罗恩接吻的时间都是一种浪费;罗恩的手和前臂上还带着赫敏的那些小鸟啄出和好的两个朋友似乎不准备再和对方说话了。“她他告诉哈利。说话的语气也带着自我辩解和愤慨。“她没什么可抱怨的,”抓出的伤痕,吻了克鲁姆。然后发现有人吻了我。嗯,这是个自由的国家,我又没做错什么。”地看着明天魔咒课前需要预习的书(《第五元素:一专心哈利没有回答,只是假装(译注:第五元素是古代和中世纪哲学家认为除了土、空气、火和水四大基本元些探索》)。被认为是天体的组成物质并潜伏于所有事物之中)素以外的第五种元素,也是最高的精髓,他决心两边都不得罪,所以许多时间里都默不做声。Unite 4

P107

1.

) quite 实际上's actually(自我为中心的2.Although such a statement may seem self-centered(), it虽然这样的话听起来似乎有些以自我为中心,实际上却.富有洞察力的)insightful/perceptive( 是相当有见地。3.

less and 批评) more open to criticism(things, 4.Among other people who like themselves are

从别的方面来说,自我喜欢的人更乐于接受批评,对别人的others.demanding of/exacting of 要求也不那么苛刻。它可能是浪漫), and irrational.5.It can be romantic, exciting,

obsessive/compulsive(令人着迷的的,令人激动的,让人着迷的,或者是不理智的。6.

and caring, intimacy, ”emphasize they people who say are “in love7.And,

的人们重视相互之间的关心、“处于恋爱中”而且,).说自己commitment/fidelity(忠诚,忠心亲密和忠诚。involve may Although love person about the other is essential. type 8.In any of love , caring 不管是哪种类型, respect is a more important quality.渴望)passionate(激情的) yearning/desire(然而相互尊重才是最重要的关心另一方是非常必要的。的爱,虽然爱可能包含激情的渴望,品质。the limits 依赖dependency() that an is unhealthy or possessive/jealous(占有欲) 9.Instead, it

反而成为一种不健康的或者是具有占有欲的growth.and intellectual social, loves' emotional,

依赖,而这会限制爱的双方在社会、情感和智力方面的发展。), 望expectations(期的unrealistic(often lead to 不现实) ) 误10.This misconceptions(解这些误解常常会导致)幻觉破

灭.disillusionment/disenchantment(), stereotypes(固定模式and

不现实的期望、固定模式和幻觉破灭。11.

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12.It means paying bills, putting out the garbage, scrubbing toilet bowls, being up all night with a

sick baby, and performing myriad/numerous(各种各样的,数不清的) other “oatmeal”tasks that are not very sexy.它是付账单,倒垃圾,刷马桶,孩子生病时守夜,以及完成其他各种各样不那

么性感的“搅拌燕麦粥”的任务。

13.Even during the preteen years, romantic experiences are cultured in the sense that societal

and group practices and expectations shape/form(塑造) romantic experience.甚至在13岁之前,请感经历就有社会和群体的活动和期望所决定和培养起来了。

14.

15.Once desire diminishes, disappointed loves may wonder where the “spark”in their relationship has gone and may reminisce/recall(回忆) regretfully (and longingly) about “the good old days”.一旦欲望消失了,失望的恋人就会诧异原来他们关系中的“火花”去哪了,他们可能会很遗憾的(而且渴望地)怀念“过去的美好时光”。

P109 task3

If we look at love in other countries and cultures, we find many variations. In societies like

India love is not necessarily a(n) prerequisite for marriage. Even highly educated Indian men and

women who date non-Indians while living in Western countries often consent to arranged marriages. Respect for parent' wishes, family traditions, and duty to the kin group are more

important than love. Most middle- and upper-middle class women in India can marry whomever

they want. Many, however, prefer arranged marriages and have veto power over undesirable candidates. Arranged marriages are attractive because they offer more stability than love.

According to one highly educated woman in Calcutta who has been happily married for three

years to a man she had met just three times before their engagement, love isn't essential for

marital happiness:”I met a lot of people I liked, but no one was suitable for marriage, because I

was looking for practicality also. Love is important, but it's not sufficient”

(有道翻译)如果我们看看其他国家和文化中的爱情,我们会发现很多变化。在印度这样的社会里,爱情不一定是结婚的先决条件。在西方国家,即使是受过高等教育的印度男人和女人也会与非印第安人约会,而他们通常会同意包办婚姻。尊重父母的意愿、家庭传统和对亲人的责任比爱更重要。在印度,大多数中上层阶级妇女可以和她们想要的人结婚。然而,许多人更喜欢包办婚姻,对不希望的候选人拥有否决权。包办婚姻很有吸引力,因为他们比爱情更稳定。据一位受过高等教育的女性在加尔各答一直幸福地结婚三年一个人她见过三次订婚,爱不是婚姻幸福的关键“我遇到了很多人我喜欢:,但是没有一个是适合婚姻,因为我也在寻找实用性。爱是重要的,但这是不够的。

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2019考研英语一真题翻译参考答案及解析

2019考研英语一真题翻译参考答案及解析 考研历年真题一定要用好,研究好。结合大纲和真题来选择辅导用书是最明智的。本文带大家回顾2019考研英语一真题翻译参考答案及解析: Part C Directions: Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points) It was only after I started to write a weekly column about the medical journals, and began to read scientific papers from beginning to end, that I realised just how bad much of the medical literature frequently was. I came to recognise various signs of a bad paper: the kind of paper that purports to show that people who eat more than one kilo of broccoli a week were 1.17 times more likely than those who eat less to suffer late in life from pernicious anaemia. (46) There is a great deal of this kind of nonsense in the medical journals which, when taken up by broadcasters and the lay press, generates both health scares and short-lived dietary enthusiasms. Why is so much bad science published? A recent paper, titled “The Natural Selection of Bad Science”, published on the Royal Society’s open science website, attempts to answer this intriguing and important question. It says that the problem is not merely that people do bad science, but that our current system of career advancement positively encourages it. What is important is not truth, but publication, which has become almost an end in itself. There has been a kind of inflationary process at work: (47) nowadays anyone applying for a research post has to have published twice the number of papers that would have been required for the same post only 10 years ago. Never mind the quality, then, count the number. (48) Attempts have been made to curb this tendency, for example, by trying to incorporate some measure of quality as well as quantity int o the assessment of an applicant’s papers. This is the famed citation index, that is to say the number of times a paper has been quoted elsewhere in the scientific literature, the assumption being that an important paper will be cited more often than one of small account. (49) This would be reasonable if it were not for the fact that scientists can easily arrange to cite themselves in their future publications, or get associates to do so for them in return for similar favours. Boiling down an individual’s o utput to simple metrics, such as number of publications or journal impacts, entails considerable savings in time, energy and ambiguity. Unfortunately, the long-term costs of using simple quantitative metrics to assess researcher merit are likely to be quite great. (50) If we are serious about ensuring that our science is both meaningful and reproducible, we must ensure that our institutions encourage that kind of science. 46-50参考答案及解析:

学术英语 课文翻译

U8 A 1 在过去的30年里,作为一个专业的大提琴演奏家,我花了相当于整整20年时间在路上执行和学习音乐传统和文化。我的旅行使我相信在我们的全球化的世界中,文化传统来自于一个身份、社会稳定和富有同情心的互动的基本框架。 2 世界在快速改变,正如我们一定会创造不稳定的文化,让人质疑他们的地方。全球化使我们服从于别人的规则,这往往会威胁到个人的身份。这自然使我们紧张,因为这些规则要求我们改变传统习惯。所以如今全球领导者的关键问题是:如何使习惯和文化发展到融入更大的行星,同时不必牺牲鲜明特色和个人的骄傲? 3 我的音乐旅程提醒了我,全球化带来的相互作用不只是摧毁文化;他们能够创造新的文化,生机,传播存在已久的传统。这不像生态“边缘效应”,它是用来描述两个不同的生态系统相遇发生了什么,例如,森林和草原。在这个接口,那里是最小密度和生命形式的最大的多样性,每种生物都可以从这两个生态系统的核心作画。有时最有趣的事情发生在边缘。在交叉口可以显示意想不到的连接。 4 文化是一个由世界每个角落的礼物组成的织物。发现世界的一种方式是例如通过深入挖掘其传统。例如音乐方面,在任何的大提琴演奏家的曲目的核心是由巴赫大提琴组曲。每个组件的核心是一个称为萨拉班德舞曲的舞蹈动作。这种舞蹈起源于北非的柏柏尔人的音乐,它是一个缓慢的、性感的舞蹈。它后来出现在西班牙,在那里被禁止,因为它被认为是下流的。西班牙人把它带到了美洲,也去了法国,在那里成为一个优雅的舞蹈。在1720年,巴赫公司的萨拉班德在他的大提琴组曲运动。今天,我扮演巴赫,一个巴黎裔美国人的中国血统的音乐家。所以谁真正拥有的萨拉班德?每一种文化都采用了音乐,使其具有特定的内涵,但每一种文化都必须共享所有权:它属于我们所有人。 5 1998年,我从丝绸之路发现在数千年来从地中海和太平洋许多文化间观念的流动。当丝绸之路合奏团执行,我们试图把世界上大部分集中在一个阶段。它的成员是一个名家的同等团体,大师的生活传统是欧洲、阿拉伯、阿塞拜疆、亚美尼亚、波斯、俄罗斯、中亚、印度、蒙古、中国、韩国或日本。他们都慷慨地分享他们的知识,并好奇和渴望学习其他形式的表达。 6 在过去的几年里,我们发现每一个传统都是成功的发明的结果。确保传统的生存的一个最好的方法是由有机进化,目前利用我们所有可用的工具。通过录音和电影;通过驻在博物馆、大学、设计学校和城市;通过表演从教室到体育场,合奏的音乐家,包括我自己,学习有用的技能。回到家中,我们和其他人分享这些技能,确保我们的传统在文化桌上有一席之地。 7 我们发现,在本国执行传统出口的是国外激励从业者。最重要的是,我们对彼此的音乐发展出了激情,并建立了相互尊重、友谊和信任的纽带,每一次我们都在舞台上这都是可触及的。这种欢乐的互动是为了一个理想的共同的更大的目标:我们始终能够通过友好的对话解决任何分歧。我们相互开放,我们形成一个桥进入陌生的传统,驱逐往往伴随着变化和错位的恐惧。换句话说,当我们扩大我们看世界的镜头的时候,我们更好地了解自己,自己的生活和文化。我们与我们的小星球的遥远的行星有更多的共同分享,而不是我们意识到的。 8 发现这些共同的文化是很重要的,但不只是为了艺术的缘故。所以我们的许多城市,不仅是伦敦,纽约,东京,现在即使甚至是中小城市正在经历着移民潮。我们将如何吸取同化有自己独特的习惯的人群?移民不可避免地会导致抵抗和冲突,就像过去一样?有什么关于德国的土耳其人口的阿尔巴尼亚人在意大利,北非人在西班牙和法国?文化繁荣的引擎可以帮助我们找出如何集合可以和平融合,同时不牺牲个性身份。这不是政治正确性。它是关于对人而言什么是珍贵的承认,和每一个文化已经给予我们世界的礼物。

研究生英语一课后翻译答案

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Unit1 1、任何年满18岁得人都有资格投票。(be eligible to, vote) Anyone over the age of 18 is eligible to vote、 2、每学期开学前,这些奖学金得申请表格就会由学校发给每一个学生。(apply for, scholarship) A form to apply for these scholarships is sent by the university to every student before the start of every semester、 3、遵照医生得建议,我决定戒烟。(on the advice of) On the advice of my doctor, I decided to give up smoking、 4、公园位于县城得正中央。(be located in) The park is located right in the center of town、 5、这所大学提供了我们所需得所有材料与设备。(facilities) The university provides all the materials and facilities we desire、 1、她们花了多年得时间寻找内心得平静,但就是收效甚微。(search for) They spent many years searching for peace of mind, but with little success、 2、这种新药得成功研制已经使许多疾病得治疗发生了根本性得变革。(revolutionize) The successful development of the new drug has revolutionized the treatment of many diseases、 3、由于这个国家得经济不景气,这家公司濒于破产。(on the edge of) The company is on the edge of bankruptcy due to the economic depression in the country、 4、大学毕业后她成为了一名护士。她认为护士这一职业可能很有发展前途。(rewarding) He became a nurse after college、He thought nursing could be a very rewarding career、 5、她像往常一样在文件上签了名。(just as) He signed his name on the paper just as he has always done it、 Unit2

研究生英语综合教程(上)熊海虹课后部分翻译答案 (1)1

第一单元 “一年365 天,一周7 天,一天24 小时,生意始终在进行,那意味着一年365 天,一周7 天,一天24 小时,竞争也同样在进行,”豪特说,“公司取胜的方法之一就是要更快地到达‘目的地’!这就是说,你不仅要把所有能支持公司快速运转的功能都调动起来,而且还得知道如何决定‘目的地’是哪里。这样,不仅对那些行动快速的人们,也对那些思维敏捷,并有勇气按自己的想法行事的人们都提出了要求。这需要全公司各部门的运作,而不仅仅是管理部门的工作。 “Business happens 24/7/365, which means that competition happens 24/7/365, as well,” says Haut. “One way that companies win is by getting …there? faster, which means that you not only have to mobilize all of the functions that support a business to move q uickly, but you have to know how t o decide where …there? is! This creates a requirement not only for people who can act quickly, but for those who can think fast with the courage to act on their convictions. This needs to run throughout an organization and is not exclusive to management.” 最后,职业地位包含对职业标准的遵守。很多律师通过在行业内外把自己塑造成一个具有良好职业道德的典范来找到自我价值。对那些在所有职业行为中都表现出极度正直和谦逊有礼的律师们来说,当管理阶层对他们理应受到的特别尊重表示肯定时,便又获得了另一种形式的精神报酬。 Lastly, professional status encompasses adherence to ethical standards. Most lawyers find self worth in setting an example—both within the profession and within the larger society—as ethical actors. When management affirms the special respect due to lawyers who act with the utmost integrity and civility in all of their professional dealings, it provides yet another form of compensation. 第四单元 很多研究发现婴儿获得关爱的质量会影响到他们以后的交友,在学校的表现,如何应对陌生的或可能充满压力的情况,以及他们成年后如何建立并且维系情感连系。正是因为这些原因,人们与家庭成员的早期亲密关系才如此至关重要。在人情冷漠的环境中(如孤儿院,某些寄养家庭,或缺乏关爱的家庭)长大的孩子会出现情感和社会性发育不良,语言和运动技能迟缓,以及精神健康问题。Much research shows that the quality of care infants receive affects how they later get along with friends, how well they do in school, how they react to new and possibly stressful situations, and how they form and maintain loving relationships as adults. It is for these reasons thatpeople's early intimate relationships within their family of origin1 are so critical. Children who are raised in impersonal environments (orphanage, some foster homes, or unloving families) show emotional and social underdevelopment, language and motor skills retardation, and mental health problems. 一开始让人相互吸引的是什么?许多人相信“世上有一个人是你为之而生的”,而且命运会将你俩带到一起。这样的想法很浪漫却不现实。实证研究发现,是文化标准和价值观而非命运,将人们连系在一起。我们错过了成千上万的可能的爱人,因为他们早就被正式的或非正式的挑选理想爱人的准则筛选出局,这些准则包括年龄、种族、地域、社会阶层、宗教、性倾向、健康状况或外表。 What attracts individuals to each other in the first place? Many people believe that "there's one person out there that one is meant for" and that destiny will bring them together. Such beliefs are romantic but unrealistic. Empirical studies show that cultural norms and values, not fate, bring people together We will never meet millions of potential lovers because they are "filtered out" by formal or informal rules on partner eligibility due ton factors such as age, race, distance, Social class, religion, sexual orientation, health, or physical appearanc e. 第五单元 做瑜伽没有场地的限制,一套瑜伽动作通常需要20 分钟到两个小时或者更多的时间,而一个小时左右的时间则是一系列动作和冥想的最佳选择。根据瑜伽师和学派的不同,一些瑜伽动作做起来辛苦异常,而另一些却只是在呼吸和心跳平稳的情况下调整和伸展肢体。每天练习瑜伽会达到最好的效果,随着动作越来越熟练,你就可以加大强度和难度这样瑜伽就能成为你相伴终生的日常锻炼方式了。练习基础的瑜伽动作即可收到增强力量,改善柔韧性并使人感到舒适的效果,但要想达到完美和高深的境界还是需要日积月累的练习,这也是瑜伽吸引人的地方之一。 Yoga routines can take anywhere from 20 minutes to two or more hours, with one hour being a good time investment to perform a sequence of postures and a meditation. Some yoga routines, depending on the teacher and school, can be as strenuous as the most difficult workout, and some routines merely stretch and align the body while the breath and heart rate are kept slow and steady. Yoga achieves its best results when it is practiced as a daily discipline, and yoga can be a life-long exercise routine, offering deeper and more challenging positions as a practitioner becomes more adept. The basic positions can increase a person?s strength, flexibility and sense of well-being almost immediately, but it can take years to perfect and deepen them, which is an appealing and stimulating aspect of yoga for many. 第七单元 人性的恒定性是众所周知的,因为没有人相信一个人能够从根本上改变他的本性。这就是为什么一个恶名远扬的人很难重建公众对他的信心。人们凭经验知道某一年中表现出无赖性格的人不太可能在第二年有任何改观。小偷也不会变成值得信赖的员工。吝

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