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海洋特色英语与文化课后翻译U1-U7

海洋特色英语与文化课后翻译Unit 1-Unit 7

Unit 1

什么使大海如此吸引我们？为什么我们愿意花很多钱，驱车数小时，或精心计划我们的时间，就为了能找时间亲近大海？海洋对健康的好处是巨大的，而在海洋空气中呼吸也是福气。

What makes us so drawn to the ocean? Why are we willing to spend a lot of money, drive for hours, and plan our days carefully just to find time to get close to the ocean? The health benefits are great and breathing in the ocean air is bliss. 但除了我们对水活动的热情外，肯定有更多的原因促使我们付出这么多的时间和精力。最近我读的一篇文章可以帮助解释这些往往很难用言词表达的感情。简单地说，我们的大脑很享受海水。

But there must be more reasons which prompt us to invest so much time and energy besides our passion for water activity. A recent article I read helped to explain these feelings that are often hard to put into words.Simply put, our brains really enjoy the water.

华莱士·J·尼科尔斯是一位海洋生物学家，他想知道当我们在海上、海里或者在大海附近时我们对海洋的情绪反应。总之，尼科尔斯的目标不是传授给我们关于海洋的知识，而是准确查明我们热爱海洋的原因，这样我们可以通过公共政策把它作为一个工具来保护海洋。

Wallace J. Nichols is a marine biologist who wants to learn what happens to us when we are on, in, or near the ocean. Specifically he wants to understand what on earth triggers our emotional reactions to the ocean. In brief, Nichols’ goal is not to impart to us the knowledge about ocean, but to find out exactly why we love the ocean so that we can use that as a tool to protect it through public policy.

洛杉矶位于加州，是个适合居住的城市。宣人的气候和高质量的生活，使得这里的房价是其他主要城市的两倍多。但是气候变化给这个城市带来了有形的威胁和舒适性的浩劫。Los Angeles, located in California, is a great place to live. Pleasing climate and high-quality life make the home prices here more than double those in other major cities. However, climate change poses tangible threats and amenity havoc.

气候研究人员预测，未来的洛杉矶平均气温将比现在高13华氏度，气候变化会夺走这里许多气候的独特性。房价因此下跌，气候舒适带来的房地产溢价消失（这对于购房者来说是坏消息）。

Climate researchers predict that the temperature of LA will be 13 degrees F warmer on average in the future. Climate change will strip away much of the city’s climate uniqueness. Therefo re, home price declines and climate amenity premium vanishes (bad news for the real estate owners).

洛杉矶如何应对气候变化？一方面，洛城要学会适应气候变化，通过提高公共服务来减少变化给居民带来的伤害。社区非政府组织已开始填补这一空白。另一方面，保护环境是刻不容缓的，由此可以维持城市的气候舒适性。当然，洛城的未来跟全球的气候变化是密切相关的。

How can LA adapt to the climate change? On the one hand, LA should learn to adapt to the change by improving public service to reduce the harm to its residents. Community-based NGOs have stepped up to fill this void. On the other hand, it’s pressing to protect the environment to maintain the city’s climate amenity. Of course, the future of Los Angeles is closely interconnected with the global climate change.

捕鲸就像英国的猎狐，各方意见似乎永远不能达成一致。1986年以来，国际捕鲸委员会就已经禁止了商业的捕鲸行为。可是每年夏天在南极，日本都会派遣船队南下去捕捉数百只鲸鱼以供作“研究用”。

As with foxhunting in Britain, all sides seem never to reach an agreement on whaling. Since 1986 the International Whaling Commission (IWC) has imposed a moratorium on commercial whaling. Yet every Antarctic summer, Japan sends a whaling fleet south to catch hundreds of whales for “research”.

鲸鱼仍在被大肆捕杀；近年来平均每年捕杀量已经几乎达到2000头。为了防止鲸鱼绝迹，国际捕鲸委员会提出了一份和平计划。根据这一提案，之前的禁令将被接触十年，但捕鲸者必须统一大幅减少捕鲸数量。

But whales are still killed in large numbers; in recent years the annual slaughter has reached almost 2,000 on average. To avoid the extinction of whales, IWC put forward a “peace plan”. According to the proposal, the moratorium would be lifted for a decade, but whalers have to agree to a sharp reduction in their catch. 对于重新开放商业捕鲸，保护主义者一定优惠抱怨、批评。尽管如此，任何一个妥协的方案都要比继续僵持要好。

The conservationists would definitely complain about or criticize the resumption of commercial whaling. Even so, any compromising deal would be far better than continued stand-off.

近年来，由于环境污染、过度捕捞等因素，海域的渔业资源出现衰退的情况。应当说，国家为了保护海洋渔业资源，做到可持续发展，在将每年规定一段时间为休渔期之外，也限制捕捞的网具规格。

In recent years, due to environmental pollution, overfishing and other factors, the fisheries resources are in decline. It should be said that the state not only sets the period of time each year for fishing moratorium but also restricts fishing nets specifications in order to protect marine fisheries resources to achieve sustainable development.

但是渔民为了提高效率增加收入，采取某些极端手段以多捕鱼为主，使得渔业资源的繁殖和发展链条被人为隔断，极大破坏了海洋的生态环境，直接后果和尚未预知的破坏作用可以说是无可估量的。

However, the fishermen take some extreme ways to fish in order to boost efficiency andincrease income so that the chain between the reproduction and development of fishery resources have been artificially cut off, which greatly damages the marine ecological environment and a direct consequence and the unknown destruction will be invaluable.

大海里的野生鱼类已经无法满足人类日益增长的需求，水产养殖的海产品在未来会越发重要，但他不能拯救我们。从事蓝色作业的渔民的需求迫在眉睫。作为消费者，我们可以选择限制吃鱼的数量，以确保我们的子孙后代不会无鱼可吃。

Wild fish has been unable to meet the ever-growing needs of mankind. Aquaculture will be increasingly important in the future, but it cannot save us. Blue fish farmers are needed. As consumers, we can choose to limit the number of fish to ensure that our future generations will also have fish to eat.

21世纪是海洋的世纪，海洋是拥有巨大潜力的天然资源宝库。从海洋生物中获得的许多的结构新颖、活性独特的物质未获得全新结构的新药提供了宝贵的化合物资源。

The 21st century is the century of ocean, and the ocean is the treasury of huge potential natural resources. Obtained from the marine organisms, many substances with novelstructure and unique activity provide valuable compound sources for new drugs with brand-new structures.

随着人们绿色消费意识的增强和回归大自然的呼声日益高涨，高效、低毒的海洋药物收到各国政府和药学界的重视。20世纪60年代，各国竞相投入资源，开始利用海洋生物资源进行药物开发的系统研究。

As people's awareness of green consumption and the voice of returning to nature are rising, marine drugs with high efficiency and low toxicity attract attention of national governments and pharmaceutical circles. In the 1960s, countries competed to invest heavily, and began utilizing marine biological resources for systematicstudy on drug development.

在过去的几十年间，6000多种海洋天然产物被发现，其中有重要的生物活性已经申请专利的新化合物有200多种。在我国近海也已发现具有药用价值的生物700多种。

In the past few decades, more than 6,000 kinds of marine natural products were found, among which over 200 varieties of novel compounds had important bioactivities and had been patented.In China's coastal waters more than 700 kinds of organisms with medicinal value have also been found.

海洋生物制药的产生和兴起，标志着医药科学和海洋科学向深度和广度发展，逐步形成一门崭新、重要的制药工程学科。

The emergence and rise of marine biopharmacy marks the fact that medical science and marine science develop in depth and breadth, thus gradually forming a new, important pharmaceutical engineering discipline.

海洋酸化指海水由于吸收了空气中过量的二氧化碳，导致酸碱度降低的现象。科学家们认为我们排放出的二氧化碳越多，海洋吸收的越多，海水就会变得越酸，这可能会给海洋生物带来一系列潜在的毁灭性的影响。Ocean acidification refers to the decrease in the pH value of the oceans, caused by the uptake of carbon dioxide (CO2) from the atmosphere. Scientists say the more carbon dioxide we emit, the more oceans absorb and the more acidic the water becomes, and this may cause a range of potentially devastating consequences for marine organisms.

比如，酸度增加会导致紫贻贝的免疫反应下降，阻碍珊瑚的生长繁殖，使某些浮游生物难以生存，并对海洋食物链带来威胁。

For instance, the increasing acidity may reduce the immune responses of blue mussels, slow the growth of corals and make it hard for some planktons to survive; moreover, it may pose a threat to the food chains connected with the oceans.

鉴于当前对全球二氧化碳排放导致海洋酸化的担忧，我们比以往更需要了解海洋通常是如何维持酸平衡的。更紧急的是我们需要提高移植二氧化碳排放的意识，这才是放下解决或缓解海洋酸化的有效办法。

Given current concerns about the ocean acidification through global carbon dioxide emissions, it is more important than ever that we understand how the acidity balance of the sea is normally maintained. And it is more urgent that we raise our awareness of curbing the emission of carbon dioxide, which is the effective way to solve or mitigate ocean acidification for the time being.

厄尔尼诺现象是太平洋赤道附近海域大范围水温升高引起的一种异常气候现象。厄尔尼诺等极端气候现象正在变得越来越频繁。其强度也在不断增加。科学家们认为，厄尔尼诺现象的发生于人类自然环境的日益恶化有关，是地球温室效应增加的直接结果。

El Ni?o is an unusual weather phenomenon caused by a wide range of rising water temperatures in the Pacific waters near the equator. El Nino and other extreme weather events are becoming more frequent, and its intensity is increasing.Scientists believe that the occurrence of El Ni?o is related todeteriorating natural environment by human beings and a direct result of increased global warming.

1998年全球厄尔尼诺现象造成的海水温度上升而产生大面积珊瑚礁褪色事件，所有的珊瑚礁度都受到影响，珊瑚礁正成为地球上第一类被人类完全毁掉的生态系统。珊瑚礁里生活着地球上四分之一的海洋生物物种。虽然厄尔尼诺事件并不是人类生活造成的，但残酷的现实暗示人类对海洋生物具有的潜在影响。

In 1998 the global rise in sea temperatures caused by El Nino produces a large area of coral bleaching. All of the coral reefs are affected. Coral reefs on the planet are becoming a first class ecosystem which has been completely destroyed by human beings. Coral reefs are the permanent or temporary home of perhaps a quarter of all marine species. Although El Nino events are not caused by human activities, the harsh realitysuggests humans' potential impact on marine organisms.

舟山海洋文化

我的家乡——舟山我的家乡坐落在有“东海明珠”美誉的舟山群岛。舟山是全国唯一以群岛设市的地级行政区划，由1390个岛屿组成，处于中国东部黄金海岸线与长江黄金水道的交汇处，是长三角经济圈最初的15个城市之一，背靠长三角广阔经济腹地，是中国东部沿海和长江流域走向世界的主要海上门户。东临太平洋，是远东国际航线要冲，也是中国大陆地区唯一深入太平洋的海上战略支撑基地。“港、景、渔”是舟山最大的海洋特色资源。舟山的桂冠上闪烁着“中国海鲜之都、海洋经济强市、海洋文化名城、海上花园城市、中国优秀旅游城市”等国家级荣誉光环。去年，舟山成为中国继上海浦东、天津滨海和重庆两江后又一个国家级新区，也是首个以海洋经济为主题的国家级新区。舟山与海结缘，其文化因海而生，我们称之为海洋文化。文化软实力是一个城市竞争力的重要因素，舟山拥有的海洋文化亦是我们宝贵的资源，它将在国家开发海洋的时代中，作出独有的贡献。海洋历史文化舟山的马岙是人类最早走向海洋的地方之一，早在五六千年前，马岙创造了“海岛河姆渡文化”，被誉为“东海第一村”。定海古城已有1200多年的建城历史，比中国许多沿海城市如上海、大连、青岛等要早得多。定海古城作为海洋历史文化遗产，古迹众多，是全国唯一的海岛历史文化名城。海洋交流文化舟山是“海上丝绸之路”的重要通道，徐福东渡、鉴真东渡、遣唐使往来、郑和下西洋都曾将舟山作为始发站或中转站。明朝嘉靖年间的六横双屿港，是亚、非、欧各国商人云集的当时世界上最大的国际贸易港之一，在中国海洋经济历史上占有重要地位。海洋军事文化舟山群岛是华东门户，历来为海防要塞，兵家必争之地。爆发于1840年的鸦片战争定海保卫战，在中国近代史上具有特殊意义。而舟山作为“双拥文化城”，驻舟部队既是舟山特有的政治优势，又是舟山独特的海洋文化优势。海洋渔业文化舟山渔场是世界四大著名渔场之一，沈家门渔港是世界三大著名渔港之一。舟山在渔业生产中形成古朴、粗犷的生产、生活、礼仪、游艺等习俗，产生了以“舟山锣鼓”和“舟山渔民号子”为代表的具有舟山特征的海洋艺术。海洋捕捞、水产养殖、海洋生物、水产品开发加工、海鲜美食、渔港景观、渔民习俗、渔村古居、赶海野趣等充分显示了舟山渔业文化的活力和魅力。海洋宗教文化 “海天佛国”普陀山集佛教圣地与海山风光于一身，是世界上唯一位于海岛的佛教名山，“五朝恩赐无双地，四海推崇第一山”，在国内外特别是东南亚一带享有盛名，观音文化的地位，使普陀山成为中国佛教文化的中心之一。海洋民俗风情舟山的生产习俗、生活习俗、礼仪习俗、海岛时令习俗等，是东海渔区渔业生产和渔民生活的真实写照，在中国沿海风俗中颇具特色。其中有神秘的船饰文化，别具一格的渔民服饰文化，海洋气息的风俗习惯，奇特的婚嫁礼俗及庙会、灯会等民间文化习俗。海洋文学艺术舟山的海景吸引古代众多的文人墨客，王安石、陆游、范成大等人都在舟山留下过富有海洋气息的诗文，比较重要的作品有柳永的《煮海歌》、张岱的《海志》。

会计专业英语翻译题知识分享

Account 、Accounting 和Accountant Account 有很多意思，常见的主要是“说明、解释；计算、帐单；银行帐户”。例如： 1、He gave me a full account of his plan。他把计划给我做了完整的说明。 2、Charge it to my account。把它记在我的帐上。 3、Cashier：Good afternoon。Can I help you ？银行出纳：下午好，能为您做什么？ Man ：I’d like to open a bank account . 男人：我想开一个银行存款帐户。还有account title（帐户名称、会计科目）、income account（收益帐户）、account book（帐簿）等。在account 后面加上词缀ing 就成为accounting ，其意义也相应变为会计、会计学。例如： 1、Accounting is a process of recording, classifying，summarizing and interpreting of those business activities that can be expressed in monetary terms. 会计是一个以货币形式对经济活动进行记录、分类、汇总以及解释的过程。 2、It has been said that Accounting is the language of business. 据说会计是“商业语言” 3、Accounting is one of the fastest growing profession in the modern business world. 会计是当今经济社会中发展最快的职业之一。 4、Financial Accounting and Managerial Accounting are two major specialized fields in Accounting. 财务会计和管理会计是会计的两个主要的专门领域。其他还有accounting profession（会计职业）、accounting elements（会计要素）等。 Accountant 比Account只多ant三个字母，其意思是会计师、会计人员。例如： 1、A certified public accountant or CP A, as the term is usually abbreviated, must pass a series of examinations, after which he or she receives a certificate. 注册会计师（或，注册会计师的缩写），必须通过一系列考试方可取得证书。 2、Private accountant , also called executive or administrative accountant, handle the financial records of a business. 私人会计师，也叫做主管或行政会计师，负责处理公司的财务帐目。总之，这三个词，有很深的渊源关系。

英语专业基础英语(翻译)历年真题试卷汇编21.doc

英语专业基础英语（翻译）历年真题试卷汇编21 (总分：40.00，做题时间：90分钟) 一、1 翻译(总题数：20，分数：40.00) 1.cultural industry（分数： 2.00）填空项1:__________________ 2.open economy（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ 3.non-profit organization（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ 4.Interior Ministry（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ 5.down payment（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ 6.IMF（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ 7.NATO（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ 8.a stock exchange（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ 9.The State Council（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ 10.Mount Everest（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ 11.anti-dumping（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ 12.breaking news（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ 13.national census（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ 14.将下列短文译成汉语。(首都师范大学2010研，考试科目：英语翻译基础)A very large number of people cease when quite young to add anything to a limited stock of judgments. After a certain age, say 25, they consider that their education is finished.（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ 15.It is perhaps natural that having passed through that painful and boring process, called expressly education, they should suppose it over, and that they are equipped for life to label every event as it occurs and drop it into its given pigeonhole. But one who has a label ready for everything does not bother to observe any more, even such ordinary happenings as he has observed for himself, with attention, before he went to school. He merely acts and reacts.（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ 16.For people who have stopped noticing, the only possible new or renewed experience, and, therefore, new knowledge, is from a work of art. Because that is the only kind of experience which they are prepared to receive on its own terms: they will come out from their shells and expose themselves to music, to a play, to a book, because it is the accepted method of enjoying such things. True, even to plays and books they may bring artistic prejudices which prevent them from seeing that play or comprehending that book. Their artistic sensibilities may be as crusted over as their minds.（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________

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6. a ’s ? (1) (2) . (3) . (4) A (1), (2) (3) B (1), (2) (4) C (1), (3) (4) D (2), (3) (4) 7. 30 2010 : $992,640 $1,026,480 , , ? 1. $6,160 . 2. $27,680 a . 3. $6,160 a . 4. $21,520 . A 1 2 B 2 3 C 2 4 D 3 4 8. . (1) (2) (3) (4) ? A (1), (3) (4) B (1), (2) (4) C (1), (2) (3) D (2), (3) (4) ( = [])({ : "u3054369" }); 9. ? (1) , (2) a (3) , A. 2 3 B. C. 1 2 D. 3 10. ? (1)

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海洋特色英语与文化课程大纲

中国海洋大学本科生课程大纲课程属性：公共基础/通识教育/学科基础/专业知识/工作技能，课程性质：必修、选修一、课程介绍 1.课程描述：本课程的主要目的是，引导各年级非英语专业学生通过重点掌握与海洋相关的词汇及表达，提高学生在将来专业学习中恰当运用英语在学术或职业领域进行交流的综合能力（听、说、读、写、译）；同时将海洋领域的一些前沿研究和热点话题引入课堂教学，引导学生进行辩证性思维，为将来的相关专业学习奠定一定知识基础。本课程应指定学生有计划地学习课本文章，牢固地掌握英语语言的基本运用，提高相关领域英语表达的能力。 2.设计思路：大学英语课程是高等学校人文教育的一部分，兼有工具性和人文性双重性质。就工具性而言，本课程的设计目标首先是提高学生的综合英语水平（听、说、读、写、译的能力）。就人文性而言，大学英语课程重要任务之一是进行文化教育。本课程意图在公共英语与海洋专业英语之间搭建一座桥梁，让海洋大学的学生更多的了解海洋知识与文化，获得在学术或职业领域进行交流的相关能力，培养学生开发海洋，保护海洋的意识。 - 1 -

3.课程与其他课程的关系：本课程属于拓展课程的语言文化类，跟通用英语同属大学英语课程设置体系，互为补充，又有所拓展。在提高非英语专业学生英语技能的基础上，帮助学生更多的了解海洋知识与文化。二、课程目标海洋特色英语与文化课作为非英语专业各年级学生的一门拓展课程，其教学目的在于提高学生的语言运用能力以及了解与海洋相关的知识与文化，将特定的学科内容与语言教学目标相结合，教学活动着重解决学生学科知识学习过程中所遇到的语言问题，以培养与专业相关的英语能力为教学重点。到课程结束时，学生应能：（1）能掌握课本中跟气候变化、海洋动物、水产养殖、海洋药学、海洋酸化以及海洋污染有关的词汇及表达；并了解与之相关的知识与文化；（2）熟练地掌握一些基本语法和修辞方法，进行篇章结构分析，可以完成类似风格的作文；（3）能就课本中涉及的话题进行批判性思维，学会搜集材料进行观点佐证，可以完成一篇5分钟左右的英文学术报告。三、学习要求要完成所有的课程任务，学生必须：（1）按时上课，上课认真听讲，积极参与课堂讨论、随堂练习和测试。本课程将包含较多的随堂讨论、小组作业展示等课堂活动，课堂表现和出勤率是成绩考核的组成 - 1 -