四级预测试卷(第二套)试题及答案解析

四级预测试卷（第二套）

Part I Writing (30 minutes) Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay based on the picture below. You should start your essay with a brief account of the impact of the Internet on

the way people gather news and then explain whether print newspapers will disappear.

You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.

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Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)

Section A

Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and

the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause,

you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then

mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.

1. A) There is a crazy man next door.

B) They are annoyed by the noise.

C) A guy always knocks at their door at midnight.

D) They see a guy jump into their neighbor’s apartment.

2. A) Studying commerce. C) Enjoying the ads.

B) Reading a story. D) Watching TV.

3. A) He enjoys phoning home every week. C) He phones home more often now.

B) He never fails to phone home weekly. D) He has been asked to phone home every week.

4. A) She has to work. C) She has to go to school.

B) She has got an appointment. D) She wants to eat in a new restaurant.

5. A) The woman should have finished her project by now.

B) The woman should work on her work for one more week.

C) T he woman shouldn’t have spent a week on her project.

D) The woman has been working at a very slow pace.

6. A) He was fined for violating traffic rules twice.

B) He didn’t see the sign because of the dim light.

C) He got his two tickets back from Jim yesterday.

D) He was late for work because he went back twice.

7. A) She has made the man angry.

B) She does not want to do the work.

C) She cannot finish the work right now.

D) She does not know how to use the photocopier.

8. A) People like duck more than chicken. C) Duck is more tasteful than chicken.

B) Growing a duck will cost more. D) Most farmers raise ducks.

Questions 9 to 12 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

9. A) It’s already full. C) It’s only open to poetry majors.

B) It requires another class first. D) It’s only offered in the morning.

10. A) The class meets during his working hours.

B) He’s already familiar with the material.

C) He has another class at the same time.

D) The class is too far away.

11. A) He likes to do his homework in the evenings.

B) He doesn’t want to ask his boss for another favor.

C) He wants to work the same schedule as his friends.

D) All the other work schedules conflict with his classes.

12. A) It has a pool.

B) Its courses cost less.

C) The class size is smaller.

D) It may offer the class he needs during the day.

Questions 13 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

13. A) His mother’s use of the washing machine.

B) His father’s turning on the microwave oven.

C) His long hours of watching TV.

D) The switch on of two air-conditioners.

14. A) He failed in a power test yesterday.

B) He never expected himself to be happy.

C) It was because of his father’s fault.

D) He missed about 30 minutes of a program.

15. A) Watch a ball game on TV.

B) Take part in a basketball final.

C) Ask his neighbor to check the power.

D) Not use any electric appliances any more.

Section B

Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions.

Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must

choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding

letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.

Passage One

Questions 16 to 19 are based on the passage you have just heard.

16. A) She was not very polite. C) She was often misunderstood.

B) She was not clearly heard. D) She was unable to speak good English.

17. A) She was good at pretending. C) She was ready to help her mother.

B) She was rude to the stockbroker. D) She was unwilling to phone for her mother.

18. A) It confuses her. C) It helps her understand the world.

B) It embarrasses her. D) It helps her tolerate rude people.

19. A) It has a very bad reputation in America.

B) It may bring inconvenience in America.

C) It is vivid and direct to non-native speakers.

D) It is clear and natural to non-native speakers.

Passage Two

Questions 20 to 22 are based on the passage you have just heard.

20. A) They will disappear gradually. C) Their influence is psychological.

B) They exist widely in the world. D) They will not develop into phobias.

21. A) They will make the same old mistake. C) They will overcome them by themselves.

B) They will experience the worst of things. D) They will grow up lacking self-confidence.

22. A) Ask the child to stroke it. C) Show the child how to approach it.

B) Keep the child away from it. D) Tell the child not to be afraid of it.

Passage Three

Questions 23 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.

23. A) Marriage continues for many years without divorce.

B) Marriage can easily end in divorce.

C) People will marry three or four times in one lifetime.

D) Divorced people do n’t stay single.

24. A) People’s lives don’t stay the same for very long.

B) They are not consistent.

C) Americans like to change partners.

D) They don’t take marriage seriously.

25. A) Marriage is not popular in America because of too many divorces.

B) Eighty percent of divorced people still remarry in America.

C) In the new century, most American people will marry two or three times in one lifetime.

D) Americans rarely change their jobs and the places of living.

Section C

Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are

required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have just heard. Finally, when the passage is read

for the third time, you should check what you have written.

Shift work is concentrated in the most dangerous areas of employment. It has various effects on health and daily life. Shift workers, 26. ________ those who work nights, can suffer from a number of health problems. They include sleep disorders, depression, high blood pressure, heart disease, and 27. ________. Experts now realize that sleep loss is 28. ________ and that night shift always results in sleep loss. Most people need 8 hours of sleep a day to feel 29. ________. Parts of the night sleep are spent in light sleep stages and the other parts of the night are spent in deep sleep stages.

If you work the night shift and sleep during the day, there are many things they can disturb your deep sleep and 30. ________ you during your light sleep phase. Noise is the biggest problem. Daytime sleepers have to 31. ________ noisy neighbours, children, traffic, lawn mowers and such. Noise is the most common 32. ________ of people who sleep during the day, so noise prevention should be given top priority. When looking for a home to rent or buy, always look for one in a quiet neighbourhood.

Another sleep depriver is too much light. Our body’s entire cycle 33. ________ light and dark. If you are doing the opposite of this set body programme, you are fighting against34. ________of programming. Since sunlight will disturb your day you should choose a house where the bedroom is on the north side of the house. Wear a black eye mask to further 35. ________ the light while you are sleeping.

Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes) Section A

Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully

before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the

corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may

not use any of the words in the bank more than once.

Questions 36 to 45 are based on the following passage.

The old-fashioned general store is fast disappearing. This is, perhaps, a pity, because shopping today seems to 36 that personal element which existed when the shopkeeper knew all his 37 customers personally. He

could, for instance, remember which brand of tea Mrs. Smith usually bought or what sort of washing powder Mrs. Jones 38 .

A prosperous general store might have employed four or five assistants, and so there were very few problems in management as far as the 39 was concerned. But now that the supermarket has 40 the general store, the job of the manager has changed 41 . The modern supermarket manager has to cope with personnel of as many as a hundred, apart from all the other everyday problems of running a large business.

Every morning the manager must, like the commander of an army division, carry out an 42 of his store to make sure that everything is ready for the business of the day. He must see that everything is running smoothly. He will have to give advice and make decisions as problems 43 ; and he must know how to get his huge personnel to work efficiently with their 44 responsibilities. No matter what he has to do throughout the day, however, the supermarket manager must be ready for any 45 that may happen. They say in the trade that you are not really an experienced supermarket manager until you have dealt with a flood, a fire, a birth and a death in your store.

Section B

Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information

is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter.

Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.

You’re going to get wet

Americans are building beachfront homes even as the oceans rise

A) Before Hurricane Sandy tore through New York and New Jersey, it stopped in Florida. Huge waves covered

beaches, swept over Fort Lauderdale’s concrete sea wall and spilled onto A1A, Florida’s coastal highway. A month later another series of violent storms hit south Florida, severely eroding (侵蚀) Fort Lauderdale’s beaches and a chunk of A1A. Workers are building a new sea wall, mending the highway and adding a couple of pedestrian bridges. Beach erosion forced Fort Lauderdale to buy sand from an inland mine in central Florida; the mine’s soft, white sand stands out against the darker, grittier native variety.

B) Hurricanes and storms are nothing new for Florida. But as the oceans warm, hurricanes are growing more intense.

To make matters worse, this is happening against a backdrop (背景) of sharply rising sea levels, turning what has been a seasonal annoyance into an existential threat. For around 2,000 years sea levels remained relatively constant. Between 1880 and 2011, however, they rose by an average of 0.07 inches (1.8mm) a year, and between 1993 and 2011 the average was between 0.11 and 0.13 inches a year. In 2007 the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) forecast that seas could rise by as much as 23 inches by 2100, though since then many scientists have called that forecast conservative. Seas are also expected to warm up, which may make hurricanes and tropical storms more intense.

C) Even as seas have risen over the past century, Americans have rushed to build homes near the beach. Storms that

hit the modern American coastline cause more economic damage than their predecessors because there is more to destroy. The Great Miami Hurricane of 1926, a Category 4 storm, caused $1 billion-worth of damage in current dollars. Were it to strike today the insured losses would be $125 billion, reckons AIR Worldwide, a catastrophe-modelling firm. In 1992 Hurricane Andrew, a Category 5 storm, caused $23 billion in damage; today it would be twice that. Most Floridians live in coastal counties. Buildings cluster (聚集) on low ground; more people than in any other state live on land less than four feet (1.2 metres) above the high-tide line. Florida’s limestone bedrock makes it easy for salt water from surging seas to contaminate (污染) its freshwater aquifers (蓄水层). And it relies heavily on canals for flood control, which a sea-level rise of just six inches would devastate.

D) South Florida is not the only region threatened by climate change and hurricanes. Increased rain, violent storms

and rising sea-levels could flood low-lying areas around San Francisco and Seattle, or burst the levees (防洪堤) that protect swathes of Sacramento and California’s Central Valley from the Sacramento and San Joaquin river delta. Houston, the centre of America’s petrochemical industry, and Norfolk, Virginia, home to its largest naval base, could also be in trouble. So could some of the barrier islands along the Atlantic coast, such as North Carolina’s Outer Banks, and traditional Atlantic maritime regions such as Maryland’s Eastern Shore. These two areas, like South Florida, have seen sharp rises in population and development.

E) New York is also at risk, as Hurricane Sandy showed last autumn. Manhattan is vulnerable to rising sea levels: the

districts flooded by Sandy corresponded almost perfectly to land reclaimed since the 17th century. That land is far more val uable now than it was then: Jeroen Aerts and Wouter Botzen of the Netherlands’ VU University reckon the value of structures threatened by storms and floods has increased four- to sevenfold in the past century.

Since the flood map was last updated in 1983, floor space inside the city’s flood plain has risen 40%, to 535m square feet.

F) However, traditional flood-mitigation(减轻) schemes, such as buying out householders or raising existing

buildings, are impractical in New York. Seth Pinsky, who spearheaded the city’s post-Sandy adaptation plan, notes that New York now has 400,000 people, 270,000 jobs and 68,000 buildings inside the 100-year flood plain.

Ground floors in New York are built for shops. Raising buildings would either be too costly, too destructive to neighbourhoods, or both. Turning the shoreline over to beaches, dunes(沙丘) or wetlands will not work in crowded Manhattan, which like many cities wants more development along its waterfront, not less. Some have proposed protecting the city with massive storm barriers at the mouth of the Atlantic Ocean, similar to the gates that protect London, Rotterdam and St Petersburg. But aside from the steep price tag (as much as $29 billion), such barriers could worsen flood risk for areas outside them.

G) In 2007 Michael Bloomberg, New York’s mayor, released PlaNYC, a scheme for adapting to climate change,

which could be called “ambitious” or “dictatorial”, depending on one’s view of the mayor. It called for, among other things, protecting wetlands and planting more trees, which will keep the city cooler and capture more stormwater run-off (雨水). It also demands changes in building codes.

Mike’s dyke (堤)

H) Many of its ideas were incorporated into a more sweeping post-Sandy plan released on June 11th, which calls for

floodwalls and levees to protect vital infrastructure, such as a food-distribution centre in the Bronx and hospitals o n Manhattan’s East Side, and coastal communities on Staten Island. It recommends storm-surge barriers to prevent creeks (溪) and rivers from backing up into residential areas; a new lower Manhattan district, modelled on Battery Park City, protected by a multi-purpose levee; and new or repaired natural barriers such as sand dunes, beaches and wetlands around the outer boroughs.

I) The city would offer incentives to building owners to move important stuff like electrical equipment higher off the

ground. It would amend zoning and building codes to encourage new buildings to be raised higher, and require hospitals, telecoms and other utilities to meet tougher resilience standards. Mr Bloomberg put the price tag at nearly $20 billion, with city and federal sources for only $15 billion identified so far. But put beside New York’s extraordinarily high economic output, the price is hardly outlandish (明显异常的).

46. Raising buildings in New York is not realistic because it is too expensive and too destructive to neighbourhoods.

47. Today’s storms cause more economic damage in American coastal areas because more people build homes near

the beach.

48. Protecting wetlands and planting more trees can help bring New York’s temperature a bit down.

49. The value of the districts flooded by Hurricane Sandy now is much higher than before.

50. It would not be difficult for New York to get the nearly $20 billion for the adaptation plans.

51. Climate change and hurricanes can threaten even the city where America’s largest naval base is located.

52. A coastal highway in South Florida was destroyed by a series of violent storms.

53. Floodwalls and levees are needed to protect vital infrastructure such as food-distribution centre and hospitals.

54. It is impractical to build massive storm barriers at the mouth of the Atlantic Ocean to protect New York.

55. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change predicted that sea levels would rise sharply by the 22nd

century.

Section C

Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the

best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.

Passage One

Questions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage.

The first bicycles were made of wood. Cycle manufacturers then switched to steel tubes. These days, for high-end bikes where weight is at a premium, they use aluminium alloys（铝合金）or even carbon fibre. But Izhar Gafni, an amateur cyclist who owns a number of such fancy bikes, wonders whether the original inventors had a point. He proposes to go back to using wood — or, rather, a derivative（衍生物）of wood, namely cardboard.

Mr Gafni, who is based in Ahituv, Israel, spent years trying to work out how to make a cardboard bicycle able to support the weight of a human being. The trick is twofold. First, he folds the cardboard —commercial-grade material, made from recycled paper — to increase its strength. (He worked out the exact pattern of folding for each of the machine’s components using the principles of origami.) Then, once it is folded, he treats the result with a proprietary resin（树脂）that holds it in shape and stiffens it, before cutting it into the form of the component required. A second application of resin renders the component waterproof, and a lick of lacquer（漆）makes it look good. The result, Mr Gafni claims, is stronger than carbon fibre.

The bike’s frame, wheels, handlebars and saddle are all made of cardboard in this way, and then fitted together. The tyres — again harking back to the early days of cycling — are composed of solid rubber, which is recycled from old car tyres. That makes the ride a little harder than if the tyres were pneumatic（充气轮胎的）, but means they cannot be punctured.

The chain is also made from car-tyre rubber. The pedals are plastic recycled from bottles and the brakes are recycled too, though Mr Gafni is not yet ready to disclose the details. The finished product weighs 9kg, a bit less than an ordinary bike, and can carry a rider weighing 220kg.

Mr Gafni’s target market is the poorer countries of the world. Because manufacturing the cardboard bike will, he reckons, cost $9-12 a unit, his design is far more affordable than a steel-framed bike. But people in rich countries may be interested too. If bicycles cost less than the locks that chained them to lampposts, thieves might not think it worthwhile to steal them.

56. What does Izhar Gafni think of bicycles made of wood?

A) They also have some advantages.

B) They actually cost too much.

C) They can not support a rider.

D) They can be stolen easily.

57. What effect does the proprietary resin have on the cardboard?

A) It makes the bicycle even lighter.

B) It gives the bicycle a good look.

C) It helps the cardboard to maintain its shape.

D) It makes the cardboard easy to fold.

58. What is the main advantage of having solid rubber tyres for the cardboard bicycle?

A) Solid rubber tyres are more endurable.

B) Solid rubber tyres help lower the cost.

C) Solid rubber tyres ensure the safety of the rider.

D) Solid rubber tyres are environment friendly.

59. The brakes of Mr. Gafni’s bicycle ______.

A) can bear the force of 220kg

B) are made from recycled plastic

C) contain some car technology

D) are still a secret for the public

60. What is the competitive advantage of the cardboard bicycle in rich countries?

A) It can bear a unique look designed by its owner.

B) It has specially designed anti-theft lock.

C) It is not worth stealing for the thieves.

D) It is much lighter than a steel-framed bike.

Passage Two

Questions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage.

The master of business administration is one of the success stories of our time. Since it was first offered by Harvard Business School (HBS) in 1908, the MBA’s rise has seemed unstoppable. Having conquered America, it reached Europe’s shores in 1957 when INSEAD, a French school, launched a programme. In the past couple of decades, Asia, South America and Africa have succumbed. Today, it is the second most popular postgraduate degree in America (after education).

Whereas 40 years ago, American colleges graduated similar numbers of lawyers and MBAs, nowadays nearly four times as many students pass out with a business-school master’s degree than with a law-school one. Although demand among Americans is plateauing（达到平衡）, the slack has been taken up by emerging markets, particularly in Asia. India now has around 2,000 business schools, more than any other country.

Yet for all its success, these are demanding times. For a start, MBA candidates are beginning to question the return on investment of such expensive programmes. Business schools claim their graduates are less concerned than they once were about earning fabulous（极好的）salaries. Instead of trumpeting（吹嘘）the number of students who get high-paying jobs in finance, they now reel off（流畅地说出）examples of those who join non-profits or launch social enterprises. This fits the socially-aware image they wish to portray after the financial crisis.

However, there is a whiff of post-hoc rationalisation in this. Data from our latest ranking of full-time MBA courses show that the average basic salary of graduating students is now $94,000, around $1,500 less than it was five years ago. And yet our survey of business-school students suggests that they are more focused on the size of their pay-packets than those who enrolled before the crisis.

As salaries have fallen, tuition fees have risen. At Chicago, our top-ranked school, two years’ tuition costs $112,000, an increase of around $17,000 since 2008. Harvard’s prices have risen by nearly $25,000. A degree that once let the brightest students name their starting salaries now warrants a careful cost-benefit analysis.

61. Which of the following is true about MBA?

A) It has become America’s most popular postgraduate since it reached America.

B) It has been successful since it first appeared in Harvard Business School.

C) It was introduced to South America and Asia by a French school in 1957.

D) It is a programme supported by Harvard Business School and INSEAD.

62. What can be learnt about the number of MBAs in America?

A) It has reached two thousand nowadays.

B) It is the same as the numbers of lawyers.

C) It will reduce sharply in the next 40 years.

D) It is four times as that of lawyers nowadays.

63. What’s the change of business schools, according to the passage?

A) They are beginning to evaluate the rate of return before their investment.

B) They are beginning to value students who work for social enterprises.

C) They are beginning to be concerned about their students’ starting salaries.

D) They are beginning to boast about their students’ high-paying jobs.

64. Five years ago, the average basic salary of graduates with a MBA degree is ______.

A) $94,000 B) $1,500 C) $95,500 D) $92,500

65. What is said about the tuition fees of business schools?

A) They have fallen as MBAs’ salaries have.

B) They have reached $17,000 in 2008.

C) They are affordable for the students.

D) They have generally raised a lot.

Part IV Translation (30 minutes)

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.

圆明园（Yuanmingyuan Garden）是清朝皇帝的别宫，位于北京西北郊。圆明园曾以其宏达的地域规模、精美的建筑景群和杰出的营造技艺著称，被誉为“万园之园”。1860年10月，英法联军（British and French allied forces）攻陷北京后，将圆明园内珍宝抢劫一空，并毁坏了无法运走的珍宝。为了掩盖罪行，他们放火烧毁了这座举世闻名的园林。大火延烧三天三夜，烟火笼罩了北京西北部。

四级预测试卷（第二套）

答案解析

Part I Writing

Part II Listening Comprehension

Section A ………………………………………………………………………………………………..

8.【预测】选项中的People like duck more than chicken，duck…cost more和Duck is more tasteful than chicken表

Now you will hear the two long conversations.

Conversation One

Conversation Two

Section B ………………………………………………………………………………………………..

Passage One

Passage Two

Passage Three

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精品文档 2014年6月大学英语四级考试真题及答案（完整版） 来源：文都教育 Part I Writing (30 minutes) Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the following topic. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. Suppose a foreign friend of yours is coming to visit your hometown, what is the most interesting place you would like to take him/her to see and why? 注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。 Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes) Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. 注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。 1. A) See a doctor about her strained shoulder. B) Use a ladder to help her reach the tea. C) Replace the cupboard with a new one. D) Place the tea on a lower shelf next time. 2. A) At Mary Johnson's. C) In an exhibition hall. B) At a painter's studio. D) Outside an art gallery. 3. A) The teacher evaluated lacks teaching experience. B) She does not quite agree with what the man said. C) The man had better talk with the students himself. D) New students usually cannot offer a fair evaluation. 4. A) He helped Doris build up the furniture. B) Doris helped him arrange the furniture.

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