英语国家与文化大作业2017(哈工程版)

计算机科学与技术学院英语国家社会与文化

学号：S316060112

专业：软件工程

学生姓名：王旭

任课教师：丛佳红副教授

2017年4月

1.--The two countries we are dealing with have great influence on the world: plea point out their prominent influence and analyze the factors that contribute to their influence.

A: The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland

1)Britain established the good legal basis. Britain is the earliest constitutional state in the world and"Magna Carta" in the history of the first time to limit the power of the feudal monarchy, it became the legal basis of the constitutional monarchy of the British monarchy.At present, the Anglo-American law system used in the world refers to the system of legal system developed by the British medieval law, especially its common law.

2)Britain established the status of Protestantism (Christianity). Protestantism is one of the three major sects of Christianity.Protestant liberated the clerical professional limits, so that they are free to engage in production, life, labor, and ordinary believers are not much difference with them.

3)English becomes an international language. With the expansion of the British colonies around the world, English has become a compulsory foreign language for many countries. In more than 100 countries, English is included in the role of the first foreign language, in the international exchange, the status of English is the language of other countries can not be replaced, English has become the world's common language.

The United State of American

1)The world's financial center moves from Europe to the United States,America's gross domestic product ranks first in the world and is one of the pillars of the world economy.

2)American culture has occupied the highlands of global cultural output, American culture not only has a significant impact on the traditional values and lifestyles of the people, but also affects the cultural development of the world. Especially the United States of Hollywood movies, has formed a worldwide cultural feast

3)American has the world's most powerful military force，and it affects the stability of the situation in some areas, especially the Iraq War and the War in Afghanistan, and has produced great threat to world peace, development, stability and security.

2.--Concerning U.S general election, please briefly introduce the chief elements of American political institutions and give your subjective comment on them.

A:The US government has three divisions: legislative, administrative and judicial separation of powers, each exercises a specific responsibility, while mutual restraint. All legislative powers of the federal government are conferred by the two chambers, and they are the House of Representatives and the Senate.The United States judicial authorities are mainly composed of the Supreme Court of the United States, the 11 Court of Appeals, the Lower Courts, and the three Special Courts and the Federal Judicial Center and other institutions.The United States federal government administration consists of three main components: the President and the White House,

19 departments, more than 60 independent offices and four quasi-official institutions.

1)The essence of the separation of powers is the bourgeois democratic system. The separation and checks and balances of the three powers are the distribution of power within the bourgeoisie and can not represent the interests of the broad masses of the people. The balance of power between the three state organs is easy to lead to ineffective and mutually restrictive. It is difficult to implement in practice.

2)It helps to prevent the emergence of autocracy; to prevent the excessive concentration of power, to eliminate abuse of power; to ensure that the law, the scientific nature of the policy, national and so on.

3)The President of the United States of America (POTUS) is the head of state of the United States of America, the head of government and the armed forces commander, generally known as Mr. President (Mr. President).The president of the United States is not the power of the king, or authoritarian society, the oligarchy, he is only a player of the rules of the game.

3.--Sino-US relations are very crucial to both, please present the history of Sino-US relations and explain the meaning of the relations from the respective sides.

A:After the founding of new China, the United States began to implement the blockade to China, containment policy. In the 1970s, Chairman Mao's "ping-pong diplomacy" policy broke the ice between China and the United States. In 1978, China and the United States issued diplomatic relations, decided on January 1, 1979 formally established diplomatic relations. After the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and the United States, the relationship between the two sides has entered a steady development process, although the two sides from time to time friction, but cooperation and development has become the theme of the times.

1)The United States and China are the beneficiaries of economic globalization, the United States is the most important beneficiaries, China is one of the main beneficiaries of the development of Sino-US relations, making the prospects for economic and trade development between the two sides, the United States and China are the beneficiaries of economic globalization.

2)The United States increased employment opportunities, the domestic economy to sustained and stable growth, and China's economy has also been constantly stimulated by the international, so as to maintain high growth.

3)Which will help strengthen the cooperation between the two countries on major international and regional issues, which not only conforms to the fundamental interests of the Chinese and American peoples, but also the general expectation of the international community. China and the United States in the maintenance of world peace and stability, promote human development and other aspects of joint responsibility, strengthen dialogue and cooperation is the only correct choice between the two countries.

4.--As we know, both Britain and American possess many first-class universities and

large percentage of Nobel-prize winners in the world, please interpret the reasons for their educational success and the lessons we need to learn from:

A:1、They have a strong economic power to do backing. Both British and American universities are supported by the government's strong financial support to encourage the cutting-edge talent to innovate and develop, and the hardware is superior

2、General education system, that is, to cultivate the generalist system. Universities in the United Kingdom and the United States are all systems that adopt a general education system, and all students can be fully considered and adapted to the profession.

3、The spirit of creation and the spirit of practice. Britain and the United States attach importance to higher education. University of particular emphasis on experimental teaching, students can only complete their own, and the proportion of theoretical courses is not great, pseudo-academic innovation provides a variety of favorable conditions.

British and American universities’education focus on the overall personality, the United States University focus on social services, China's university education from research education to the type of education, application-oriented education to expand. University of learning from the knowledge-based learning to the overall personality growth and application-oriented learning to deepen, from research and innovation, comprehensive personality to the social service layers of infiltration, cultivate the talent to the tree root deep, the development of various social undertakings can also tree root deep. The healthy development of Chinese universities and their education, the key is not material conditions, and in the concept of up grading and innovation. Clear the university's educational philosophy, and put into action, it should be to promote China's higher education development of the core initiatives.

5.--Concerning the contents in our lectures ,state what impresses you most deeply and explain the reasons for your deep impression:

A:The content that impresses me deeply is the lesson that introduces the football culture of Britain. Because I am a hardcore fan of Chelsea. Chelsea represent the honor of London football, and it ranked first stably in the Premier League standings. British football style is a quick attack, really make people eyes bright. The Premier League gathered a lot of stars in the world, and the British fans for the sport's enthusiasm is high, so I am also very enthusiastic about the Premier League, so the impression of this course very deep.

6.--Concerning American Literature , please consult some reference material and list Nobel winners (year sequence) and their major works:

A:

Year Name Major works

1930 Sinclair Lewis "Babbitt"

1936 Eugene O'Neill "Beyond the Horizon"

1938 Pearl S. Buck "The Good Earth"

1949 William Faulkner "Light in August"

1954 Ernest Hemingway "The Old Man and the Sea" 1962 John Steinbeck "Of Mice and Men" 1976 Saul Bellow "Herzog"

1978 Isaac Bashes Singh "THE MAGICIAN OF LUBLIN" 1987 Joseph Brodsky "From Petersburg to Stockholm" 1993 Tony Morrison "Paradise "

2016 Bob " Blowing in the wind"