人教版八年级下册英语知识点归纳

Unit 1 What’s the matter?

一、重点词组

1. have a fever / cough / cold 发烧/咳嗽/受凉；感冒

2. have a toothache / stomachache 牙疼/胃疼

3. have a sore back / throat 背疼/喉咙痛

4. talk too much 说得太多

5. drink enough water 喝足够的水

6. take risks (take a risk) 冒险

7. in a difficult situation 在困境中

8. give up 放弃

9. make a decision 做出决定

10. lie down and rest 躺下来休息

11. hot tea with honey 加蜂蜜的热茶

12. see a dentist 看牙医

13. get an X-ray 拍X 光片

14. take one’s temperature 量体温

15. put some medicine on sth. 在……上面敷药

16. feel very hot 感到很热

17. sound like 听起来像

18. all weekend 整个周末

19. in the same way 以同样的方式

20. go to a doctor 看医生

21. go along 沿着……走

22. on the side of the road 在马路边

23. shout for help 大声呼救

24. without thinking twice 没有多想

25. get off 下车

26. have a heart problem 有心脏病

27. to one’ s sur prise 使……惊讶的；出乎……意料

28. thanks to 多亏了；由于

29. in time 及时

30. save a life 挽救生命

31. get into trouble 造成麻烦（或烦恼）

32. right away 立刻；马上

33. because of 由于

34. get out of 离开；从……出来

35. hurt oneself 受伤

36. put a bandage on sth. 用绷带包扎

37. fall down 摔倒

38. feel sick 感到恶心

39. have a nosebleed 流鼻血

40. cut his knee 割伤他的膝盖

41. put her head back 把她的头向后仰

42. have problems breathing 呼吸困难

43. mountain climbing 登山运动

44. be used to doing sth. 习惯做某事

45. run out (of) 用完；耗尽

46. so that 以便

47. so … that 如此……以至于……

48. be in control of 掌管；管理

49. keep on doing sth. 继续或坚持做某事

二、重点句型

1. What’ s the matter? 怎么了？

What’ s the matter with you?

= What’s the trouble with you?

= What’ s wrong with you? 你怎么了？

2. What should she do? 她该怎么办呢？

Should I take my temperature? 我该量一下体温吗？

主语+ should/shoul dn’t + 动词原形

① You should lie down and rest. 你应该躺下休息一会儿。

② You shouldn’t go out at night. 你晚上不应该出去。

3. Do you think it comes from a newspaper or a book? 你认为它是来自报纸还是书呢？

4. I think I sat in the same way for too long without moving. 我想我以同样的姿势一动不动地坐太久了。

5. She said that the man had a heart problem and should go to the hospital. 她说男人有心脏病，应该去医院。

Unit 2 I’ll help to clean up the city parks

一、重点词组

1. Clean-Up Day 清洁日

2. an old people’s home 养老院

3. help out with sth. 帮助解决困难

4. used to 曾经……；过去……

5. care for 关心；照顾

6. the look of joy 快乐的表情

7. at the age of 在……岁时

8. clean up 打扫(或清除)干净

9. cheer up (使)变得更高兴；振奋起来

10. give out 分发；散发

11. come up with 想出；提出

12. make a plan 制订计划

13. make some notices 做些公告牌

14. try out 试用；试行

15. work for 为……工作；为……效力

16. put up 建造；举起；张贴

17. hand out 分发；散发；发给

18. call up 打电话；召集

19. put off 推迟；延迟

20. for example 比如；例如

21. raise money 筹钱；募捐

22. take after 与……相像；像

23. give away 赠送；捐赠

24. fix up 修理；修补；解决

25. be similar to 与……相似

26. set up 建立；设立

27. disabled people 残疾人

28. make a difference 影响；有作用

29. be able to 能够

30. after-school reading program 课外阅读项目

二、重点句型

1. The boy could give out food at the food bank.

这个男孩可以在食品救济站分发食物。

2. Clean-Up Day is only two weeks from now.

清洁日离现在仅仅两周的时间。

3. He volunteers at an animal hospital every Saturday morning. 每星期六上午，他都在一'家动物医院当志愿者。

4. Last year, she decided to try out for a volunteer after- school reading program.

去年，她决定去参加一个课外阅读项目的志愿者的选拔。

5. … you can see in their eyes that they’re going on a different journey with each new book. ……从他们的眼睛里，你可以看到他们正在进行每本不同的新书之旅。

6. I want to put off my plan to work in an animal hospital until next summer.

我想把我在动物医院工作的计划推迟到明年夏天。

7. Most people today are only worried about getting good jobs to make lots of money. 现在的大部分人只是为找一份能挣许多钱的好工作而着急。

8. You helped to make it possible for me to have Lucky.

在你的帮助下，我才有可能拥有“幸运儿”。

Unit 3 Could you please clean your room?

一、重点词组

1. go out for dinner 出去吃饭

2. stay out late 在外面待到很晚

3. go to the movies 去看电影

4. get a ride 搭车

5. work on 从事

6. finish doing sth. 完成做某事

7. clean and tidy 干净整洁

8. do the dishes 洗餐具

9. take out the rubbish 倒垃圾

10. fold your/the clothes 叠衣服

11. sweep the floor 扫地

12. make your/the bed 整理床铺

13. clean the living room 打扫客厅

14. no problem 没问题

15. welcome sb. 欢迎某人

16. come home fro m school/ work放学/下班回家

17. throw down 扔下

18. sit down 坐下

19. come over 过来

20. take sb. for a walk 带某人去散步

21. all the time 频繁；反复

22. all day / evening 整日/夜

23. do housework 做家务

24. shout back 大声回应

25. walk away 走开

26. share the housework 分担家务

27. a comfortable home 一个舒适的家

28. in surprise 惊讶地

29. get something to drink 拿点喝的东西

30. watch one show 观看一个节目

31. hang out 闲逛

32. pass sb. sth. 把某物传给某人

33. lend sb. sth. 把某物借给某人

34. get sth. wet 使某物弄湿

35. hate to do sth. 讨厌做某事

36. do chores 做杂务

37. help sb. (to ) d o /with sth. 帮助某人干某事

38. bring a tent 带顶帐篷来

39. buy some snacks 买些小吃

40. go to the store去商店

41. invite sb. to a party 邀请某人参加聚会

42. make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事

43. enough stress 足够的压力

44. a waste of time浪费时间

45. in order to为了

46. get good grades 取得好成绩

47. mind doing sth. 介意做某事

48. depend on 依赖；依靠

49. develop children’s independence发展孩子的独立性

50. look after/take care of 照顾；照看

51. do one’ s part in (doing) sth. 做某人分内的事

二、重点句型

1. Could you please do sth. ?

你能做某事吗？

Could you please clean your room?

你能清理一下你的房间吗？

2. I have to do some work.

我必须干些活。

3. Could I+ do sth. ?

我能做某事吗？

Could I use your computer?

我能用一下你的电脑吗？

4. She won’t be happy if she sees this mess.

如果她看到这样乱七八糟的话，她会不高兴的。

5. For one week, she did not do any housework and neither did I. 整整一周，她什么家务活都不干了，我也一样。

6. My mom came over as soon as I sat down in front of the TV. 我一在电视机前坐下，我妈妈就过来了。

7. hate + (to do/ doing) sth.

讨厌做某事

I hate to do chores.

我讨厌做家务。

Unit 4 Why don’t you talk to your parents?

一、重点词组

1. have free time有空闲时间

2. allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事

3. hang out with sb. 与某人闲逛

4. after-school classes 课外活动课

5. get into a fight with sb. 与某人吵架/打架

6. until midnight 直到半夜

7. talk to sb. 与某人交谈

8. too many太多

9. study too much 学得过多

10. get enough sleep 有足够的睡眠

11. write sb. a letter 给某人写信

12. call sb. up 打电话给某人

13. surprise sb. 令某人惊讶

14. look through 浏览；翻看

15. be angry with sb. 生某人的气

16. a big deal 重要的事

17. work out 成功地发展；解决

18. get on with 和睦相处；关系良好

19. fight a lot经常吵架/ 打架

20. hang over 笼罩

21. refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事

22. offer to do sth. 主动提出做某事

23. cut out删除

24. mind sb. doing sth. 介意某人做某事

25. communicate with sb. 与某人交流

26. in future 今后

27. make sb. Angry 使某人生气

28. worry about sth. 担心某事

29. copy one’s homework 抄袭某人的作业

30. be oneself 做自己

31. family members 家庭成员

32. spend time alone独自消磨时光

33. give sb. pressure 给某人施压

34. have a fight with sb. 与某人吵架

35. compete with sb. 与某人竞争

36. free time activities业余活动

37. get better grades 取得更好的成绩

38. give one’ s opinion 提出某人的观点

39. learn exam skills 学习应试技巧

40. practice sports 体育训练

41. cause stress 造成压力

二、重点句型

1. I studied until mid night last night so I didn’t get enough sleep.

我昨晚学习到半夜所以睡眠不足。

2. Why don’t you forge t about it?

你为何不忘掉它呢？

3. Although she’s wrong , it’s not a big deal.

虽然她错了，但这并不是什么大事儿。

4. He should talk to his friend so that he can say he’s sorry. 他应该跟朋友谈谈以便能说声对不起。

5. May be you could go to his house.

也许你可以去他家。

6. I guess I could, but I don’t want to surprise him.

我想我可以，但我不想让他感到惊讶。

Unit 5 What were you doing

when the rainstorm came?

一、重点词组

1. make sure 确信；确认

2. beat against … 拍打… …

3. fall asleep 进人梦乡；睡着

4. die down 逐渐变弱；逐渐消失

5. wake up 醒来

6. in a mess 一团糟

7. break … apart 使……分离

8. in times of difficulty 在困难的时候

9. at the time of 当……时候

10. go off (闹钟)发出响声

11. take a hot shower 洗热水澡

12. miss the bus 错过公交车

13. pick up 接电话

14. bring … together 使……靠拢

15. in the area 在这个地区

16. miss the event 错过这个事件

17. by the side of the road 在路边

18. the Animal Helpline 动物保护热线

19. walk by 走路经过

20. make one’s way to … 在某人去……的路上

21. hear the news 听到这个消息

22. important events in history 历史上的重大事件

23. for example 例如

24. be killed 被杀害

25. over fifty 50多(岁）

26. a school pupil 一个小学生

27. on the radio 通过广播

28. in silence 沉默；无声

29. more recently 最近地；新近

30. the World Trade Center 世贸中心

31. take down 拆除；摧毁

32. have meaning to 对……有意义

33. remember doing sth. 记得做过某事

34. at first 首先；最初

二、重点句型

1. — What were you doing at eight last night? 昨晚8 点你在干什么？— I was taking a shower. 我在洗淋浴。

2. When it began to rain, Ben was helping his mom make dinner.

当开始下雨的时候，本正在帮他妈妈做晚饭。

3. — What was Jenny doing while Linda was sleeping?

琳达在睡觉的时候，珍妮正在干什么？

— While Linda was sleeping, Jenny was helping Mary with her homework.

琳达在睡觉的时候，珍妮正在帮玛丽做作业。

Unit 6 An old man tried to move the mountains

一、重点词组

1. work on doing sth. 致力于做某事

2. as soon as… 一……就……

3. once upon a time 从前

4. continue to do sth. 继续做某事

5. make sth. happen 使某事发生

6. try to do sth. 试图做某事

7. the journey to sp. ……之旅

8. tell the/a story 讲故事

9. put on 穿上

10. a little b it 有点儿

11. keep doing sth. 坚持做某事

12. be born 出生

13. instead of 代替；反而

14. tur n … into 变成

15. get married 结婚

16. the main character 主要人物；主人公

17. at other times 在另外一些时候

18. be able to 能；会

19. come out (书、电影等)出版

20. become interested in … 对……感兴趣

21. walk to the other side 走到另一边去

22. a fairy tale 一个神话故事

23. the rest of the story 故事的其余部分

24. leave sb. to do sth. 让某人做某事

25. make a plan to do sth. 筹划/计划做某事

26. go to sleep 去睡觉

27. lead sb. to sp. 把某人领到某地

28. get lost 迷路

29. change one’s plan 改变计划

30. tell sb. to do sth. 叫某人做某事

31. in the moonlight 在月光下

32. find one’ s way home 找到某人回家的路

33. the next day 第二天

34. send sb. to sp. 派某人去某地

二、重点句型

1. What do you think about/of…? 你觉得……怎么样？

So what do you think about the story of Yu Gong? 你觉得愚公的故事怎么样？

2. It doesn’t seem + adj. to do sth. 做某事似乎……

It doesn’t seem very possible to move -a mountain. 把一座山给移掉好像不太可能。

3. This is because… 这时因为……

This is because he can make 72 changes to his shape and size, turning himself into different

animals and objects.

这是因为他会根据他的形状和大小，做出72种变化，可以将自己变成不同的动物或东西。

4. …so … that +从句如此……以致于……

Sometimes he can make the stick so small that he can keep it in his ear.

有时候，他能够让他的金箍棒变得很小，以至于可以放在耳朵里。

5. It take sb. some time to do sth.做某事花某人多久时间

Because they were so big that it took a long time to walk to the other side.

这些（山）太高了，他们要花好长时间才能翻越过去。

6. … not … util十从句直到……才

Don’ t eat it until you get to the forest. 你们到达森林之后才能吃。

Unit 7 What’s the highest mountain

in the world?

一、重点词组

1. as big as… 与……一样大

2. one of the oldest countries 最古老的国家之一

3. feel free to do sth. 随意地做某事

4. as far as I know 据我所知

5. man-made objects 人造物体

6. part of… ……的组成部分

7. the highest mountain 最高的山脉

8. in the world 在世界上

9. any other mountain 其他任何一座山

10. of all the salt lakes 在所有的咸水湖中

11. run along 跨越……

12. freezing weather 冰冻的天气

13. take in air 呼吸空气

14. take in 吸入；吞入（体内）

15. in the face of difficulties 面对困难

16. give up doing sth. 放弃做某事

17. achieve one’ s dream 实现某人的梦想

18. the forces of nature 自然界的力量

19. reach the top 到达顶峰

20. even though 虽然；尽管

21. at birth 出生时

22. be awake 醒着

23. run over w ith excitement 兴奋地跑过去

24. walk into sb. 撞到某人

25. fall over 摔倒

26. the first person to do sth. 第一个做某事的人

27. every two years 每两年

28. cut down the forests 砍伐林木

29. endangered animals 濒危动物

30. fewer and fewer pandas 大熊猫越来越少

31. be in danger 处于危险之中

32. the importance of saving these animals 拯救这些动物的重要性

二、重点句型

1. It is -\~adj. + (fo r sb. ) to do sth. 做某事……

It is also very hard to take in air as you get near the top.

当你接近山顶时，连呼吸都会困难。

2. … is because … ……是因为……

One of the main reasons is because people want to challenge themselves in the face of difficulties.

其中的一个主要的原因是人们想在面临困难时挑战自己。

3. … show(s) that… ……显示出

The spirit of these climbers shows us that we should never give up trying to achieve our dreams.

这些登山者的精神向我们证明：我们永远都不应该放弃实现自己的梦想。

4. How high/ deep/… is ... ? ……多高/ 深？

How high is Qomolangma? 珠穆朗玛峰有多高？

5. Although. …, … 虽然……，但是……

Although Japan is older than Canada, it is much smaller.

虽然日本比加拿大历史更悠久，但它比加拿大小多了。

6. sb. spend time/money doing sth.某人花时间/钱做…

Adult pandas spend more than 12 hours a day eating about 10 kilos of bamboo. 成年大熊猫一天要花12 个多小时的时间吃大约10公斤竹子。

Unit 8 Have you read Treasure Island yet ?

一、重点词组

1. on page 25 在第25页

2. the back of the book 书的背面

3. hurry up 赶快；急忙（做某事）

4. in two weeks 在两周之内

5. go out to sea 出海

6. an island full of treasures 一个满是宝藏的岛屿

7. w rite about 写作关于……的内容

8. finish doing sth. 做完某事

9. wait for another ship 等待另一艘船到来

10. learn to do sth. 学会做某事

11. grow fruits and vegetables 种水果和蔬菜

12. a few weeks ago 几个星期前

13. the m arks of another m an’ s feet 另一个人的脚印

14. not long after that 不久之后

15. run towards sp. 跑向某地

16. use… to do sth. 用……来做某事

17. signs le ft behind by someone 某人留下的标记

18. read the newspaper 看报

19. science fiction 科幻小说

20. can’ t wait to do sth. 迫不及待地做某事

21. a good way to wake up 醒来的一个好办法

22. number of people 人数

23. used to do sth. (过去)常常做某事

24. study abroad 在国外学习

25. make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事

26. come to realize 开始意识到

27. ever since then 自从那时起

28. the southern states of America 美国的南部地区

29. belong to 属于

30. be kind to each other 善待彼此

31. trust one another 互相信任

32. the beauty of nature 大自然的美

33. have been to sp. 去过某地

34. do some research on sth. 对……做研究

35. hope to do sth. 希望做某事

36. see sb. do sth. 看到某人做某事

37. the firs t line in the song 歌曲的第一行

38. enjoy success in享受……的成功

39. at the end of the day傍晚的时候

二、重点句型

1. Have you done sth. yet? 你做过某事吗？

—Have you read Little Women yet?

你读过《小妇人》吗？

—Yes, I have. /No, I haven’t.

是的，我读过。/不，没有。

2. Has … yet?

— Has T in a read Treasure Island yet?

蒂娜读过《金银岛》这本书吗？

—Yes, she has. She thinks it’s fantastic.

是的，她读过。她觉得它很棒。

3. Would you like…? 你要点……吗？

Would you like something to drink?

你要来点喝的吗？

4. I heard … 我听说……

I heard you lost your key.

我听说你丢钥匙了。

5. … came to realize how much…开始意识到多么……

She came to realize how much she actually missed all of them. 她开始意识到，事实上她是多么想念他们所有人。

Unit 9 Have you ever been to a museum ?

一、重点词组

1. at night在夜晚

2. in a more natural environment在一个更自然的环境中

3. all year round一年到头；终年

4. be far from 离……远

5. in the dark 在黑暗中

6. in the past 在过去

7. have been to sp. 去过某地

8. science museum 科学博物馆

9. history museum 历史博物馆

10. amusement park 游乐园

11. go somewhere different 去不同的地方

12. go skating 去滑冰

13. take the subway 坐地铁

14. a great way to spend a Saturday afternoon一个过周六下午的好方法

15. all the old movie cameras所有古老的电影摄影机

16. learn about sth. 了解有关……的情况

17. on the weekend 在周末

18. camp in the mountains 在大山里露营

19. put up a tent 搭帐篷

20. in such a rapid way 以如此迅猛的方式

21. different kinds of 各种各样的

22. development of toilets 厕所的发展

23. social groups 社会团体

24. the tea art performances 茶艺表演

25. make a perfect cup of tea with beautiful tea sets用漂亮的茶具沏一杯完美的茶

26. a nice place to enjoy tea 一个品茶的好地方

27. thousands of 数以千计的

28. International Museum of Toilets国际厕所博物馆

29. the Terracotta Army 兵马俑

30. Southeast Asia东南亚

31. Night Safari 夜间动物园

32. three quarters 四分之三

33. an English-speaking country一个讲英语的国家

34. have problem doing sth. 做某事很困难

35. during the daytime在白天

36. a couple of times 好几次

37. right now 现在；目前

38. an amusement park with a special theme一个有特别的主题的游乐园

39. walk around the park 在公园里到处走

40. hear of 听说

41. take a ride兜风

42. another province另一个省

43. the Bird’s Nest鸟巢

44. encourage sb. to do sth.鼓励某人做某事

45. on the one hand… on the other hand一方面……另一方面

二、重点句型

1. Have you ever been to…? 你曾经去过……吗？

Have you ever been to a science museum? 你曾经去过科学博物馆吗？

2. Let’s … 我们……

Let’s go somewhere different today.

我们今天去个不同的地方吧。

3. It’s~\~adj. +that…

It’s unbelievable that technology has progressed in such a rapid way!

科技以如此迅猛的方式发展真是令人难以置信啊！

4. Whether…, you’ll… 不管……，你都能……

Whether y ou like Indian food, Western food or Japanese food, you’ll find it in Singapore! 不管你喜欢印度食品、西方食品还是日本食品，在新加坡你都能找到！

5. One great thing … is that …

一个重大特征是……

One great thing about Singapore is that the temperature is almost the same all year round.

新加坡一个很大的特征是它的气温几乎一年到头都是一样的。

6. It is best to do sth. 最好做某事

It is best to visit Singapore. 最好是去游览新加坡。

7. Me neither. 我也没(去过）。

8. How about you? 你呢？

9. Oh, it’s fantastic. Let’s go tomorrow.

噢，太棒了。我们明天去吧。

10. It’s really interesting, isn’t it?

这真有趣，不是吗？

11. So, what did you do on the weekend?

那么，你周末干了什么？

12. That sounds fun.

那听起来很有趣。

13. You should try it!

你应该去试试！

14. What does Ken say about the American Computer Museum?

关于美国计算机博物馆，肯说了什么？

15. Why is the Hangzhou National Tea Museum a place to enjoy tea?

为什么说杭州国家茶博物馆是一个品茶的地方？

16. —What are you doing this weekend?

你这周打算干什么？

—Not much, Mark. I don’t really have any yet.

没什么事儿，马克。我确实还没有任何计划

17. —Oh, how about it? 哦，它怎么样？

—It was great. 很不错。

18. I see. I have never been there.

我明白了。我从没去过那里。

19. Perfect! 太棒了！

Unit 10 I've had this bike for three years

一、重点词组

1. these days 目前；现在

2. regard with great interest 以极大的兴趣关注着

3. in my time 在我那个年代

4. so far 迄今；到现在为止

5. in need 需要

6. not … anymor e 不再……

7. welcome to sp. 欢迎来到……

8. check out 察看；观察

9. board games 棋类游戏

10. one last thing 最后一样东西

11. junior high school 初级中学

12. clear out 清理

13. no longer 不再；不复

14. toy monkey 玩具猴

15. part with 与……分开

16. to be honest 说实在的

17. ride a bike 骑自行车

18. have a yard sale 进行庭院拍卖会

19. one’s old things 某人的旧东西

20. bring back sweet memories 勾起甜美的回忆

21. regard … as 将……认为

22. play for a while 玩一会儿

23. do with... 处置；处理

24. search for work 找工作

25. for the last 13 years 在过去的13年里

26. the mid-20tH century 20世纪中期

27. stay the same 保持原状

28. according to 依据；按照

29. in one’s opinion 依……看

二、重点句型

1. How long have you…? 你……多久了？

How long have you had that bike over there?

那边的那辆自行车你买了多久了？

2. sb. has/have done sth. for… 某人拥有某物……

Amy has had her favorite book for three years.

艾米拥有她最喜欢的书3年了。

3. sb. has/have done sth. since…自…起，某人有某物

He’s owned it since his fourth birthday.

自他4 岁生日起，他就拥有这个东西了。

4. Some… Others… 一些……另外一些……

Some people still live in their hometown. However, others may only see it once or twice a year.

有些人仍住在家乡。然而，另一些人可能一年只能回家乡一两次。

5. Welcome to Sunshine Home for Children.

欢迎来到儿童阳光之家。

6. Great! Many children here love reading.

太棒了！这里的很多孩子喜欢看书。

7. Perfect! We always need toys and clothes.

太好了！我们一直需要玩具和服装。

8. Thanks so much! 非常感谢！

9. As for me, I did not want to give up my football shirts, but, to be honest, I have not played for

a while now.

至于我，我不想放弃我的足球衣。但是，说实在的，我现在巳经有一段时间没踢(足球)了。

10. Have you ever thought about having a yard sale to sell your things?

你是否曾经想过要举办一个庭院拍卖会来出售东西？

11. What would you do with the money you raise?

你会怎么处理你所筹集到的钱？

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