高考英语作文常用修辞手法
高考英语作文常用修辞手法
文章最忌语言枯燥无味，一篇好的作文，语言应该生动形象。而恰当地运用修辞手法，可以使文字新鲜活泼、具体逼真，大大增强艺术表现力，扩大语言表达的范围；而且还可以激发读者的想象，给人留下深刻的印象。下面介绍一些英语作文中常用的修辞手法。
1. 比喻(metaphor)
比喻就是打比方。可分为明喻和暗喻：
明喻(simile)：
用like, as, as...as, as if(though) 或用其他词语指出两个不同事物的相似之处。例如：O my love's like a red, red rose. 我的爱人像一朵红红的玫瑰花。
The man can't be trusted. He is as slippery as an eel. 那个人不可信赖。他像鳗鱼一样狡猾。
He jumped as if he had been stung.他像被蜇了似的跳了起来。
Childhood is like a swiftly passing dream. 童年就像一场疾逝的梦。
暗喻(metaphor)：
用一个词来指代与该词所指事物有相似特点的另外一个事物。例如：
He has a heart of stone. 他有一颗铁石心肠。
The world is a stage. 世界是一个大舞台。
2. 换喻(metonymy)
用某一事物的名称代替另外一个与它关系密切的事物的名称，只要一提到其中一种事物，就会使人联想到另一种。比如用the White House 代替美国政府或者总统，用the bottle 来代替wine 或者alcohol，用the bar 来代替the legal profession，用crown代替king等。例如：
His purse would not allow him that luxury. 他的经济条件不允许他享受那种奢华。
The mother did her best to take care of the cradle. 母亲尽最大努力照看孩子。
He succeeded to the crown in 1848. 他在1848年继承了王位。
3. 提喻(synecdoche)
指用部分代表整体或者用整体代表部分，以特殊代表一般或者用一般代表特殊。例如：He earns his bread by writing. 他靠写作挣钱谋生。
The farms were short of hands during the harvest season. 在收获季节里农场缺乏劳动力。
Australia beat Canada at cricket. 澳大利亚队在板球比赛中击败了加拿大队。
He is the Newton of this century. 他是这个世纪的牛顿。
4. 拟人(personification)
把事物或者概念当作人或者具备人的品质的写法叫拟人。例如：
My heart was singing. 我的心在歌唱。
This time fate was smiling to him. 这一次命运朝他微笑了。
The flowers nodded to her while she passed. 当她经过的时候花儿向她点头致意。
The wind whistled through the trees. 风穿过树丛，树叶哗哗作响。
5. 委婉(euphemism)
用温和的、间接的词语代替生硬的、粗俗的词语，以免直接说出不愉快的事实冒犯别人或者造成令人窘迫、沮丧的局面。例如：
用to fall asleep; to cease thinking; to pass away; to go to heaven; to leave us 代替to die 用senior citizens代替old people
用a slow learner或者an under achiever代替a stupid pupil
用weight watcher代替fat people
用mental hospital 代替madhouse或者asylum
用emotionally disturbed代替mad
用washroom, men's / women's room代替lavatory
用handicapped代替crippled
用low income brackets; underprivileged; disadvantaged 代替poor people
6. 双关(pun)
用同音异义或者一词二义来达到诙谐幽默的效果：表面上是一个意思，而实际上却暗含另一个意思，这种暗含的意思才是句子真正的目的所在。例如：
A cannonball took off his legs, so he laid down his arms. (arms可指手臂或者武器)
一发炮弹打断了他的腿，所以他缴械投降了。
“Can I try on that gown in the window?”asked a would-be customer.
“Certainly not, madam!”replied the salesman. 我可以试穿一下橱窗里的那件睡袍吗？或者：我可以在橱窗里试穿那件睡袍吗？
Seven days without water make one weak (week). 七天没有水使一个人虚弱。或者：七天没有水就是一周没有水。
7. 反语(irony)
使用与真正意义相反的词，正话反说或者反话正说，从对立的角度运用词义来产生特殊的效果。下面就是莎士比亚的戏剧Julius Caesar 中的一个运用反语的很好的例子，Brutus 出于野心刺杀了Caesar, Caesar 的好友Antony 讥讽Brutus 说：
Here, under leave of Brutus and the rest—
For Brutus is an honorable man;
So are they all, all honorable men—
Come I to speak in Caesar's funeral.
He was my friend, faithful and just to me:
But Brutus says he was ambitious;
And Brutus is an honorable man.
在Antony 的话里反复使用honorable这个词就是一个反语的例子。
8. 矛盾修饰(oxymoron)
把相互矛盾的两个词用在一起的修辞方法。它利用词义表面的相互矛盾使表层的不和谐统一在思想内容的深层，从而揭示事物对立统一的本质特征，达到加深印象的目的。例如：She read the long-awaited letter with a tearful smile. 她带着含泪的微笑读那封盼望已久的信。
The coach had to be cruel to be kind to his trainees.教练为了对他的受训者仁慈就要对他们残酷。
During his useful life he often felt he was useless. 在他大有作为的一生中他老是感到自己无用。
其他还有sweet pain; thunderous silence; luxurious poverty; heavy lightness; living death; impossible hope 等等。
9. 轭式搭配(zeugma)
把适用于某一事物的词语顺势用到另外一事物上的方法。在同一个句子里一个词可以修饰或者控制两个或更多的词，它可以使语言活泼，富有幽默感。例如：
She opened the door and her heart to the homeless boy. 她对那无家可归的男孩打开了房门，也敞开了胸怀。
As I left home after breakfast, I shivered inwardly as well as outwardly. 早餐之后我离开家的时候，我的里里外外都在颤抖。
I would my horse had the speed of your tongue. 我希望我的马能有你的舌头的速度。
10. 移位修饰(transferred epithet)
将本应该用来修饰某一类名词的修饰语用来修饰另一类名词。例如：
There was a short, thoughtful silence. 出现了一阵短暂的、令人沉思的寂静。
The old man put a reassuring hand on my shoulder. 老人把一只令人安心的手放在我的肩膀上。
He closed his busy life at the age of sixty. 在六十岁时他结束了他那忙碌的一生。
This is the cheapest market in this country. 这是这个国家最便宜的市场了。
11. 头韵(alliteration)
两个或者更多的词以相同的音韵或者字母开头就构成头韵。例如：
proud as a peacock
blind as a bat
safe and sound
Long and loudly little Lily laughed. 小莉莉长时间地、大声地笑着。
The windows waved violently in the wind. 窗户在风中剧烈地摇动。
The sun sank slowly. 太阳慢慢地下沉。
12. 渐进(climax)
根据事物的逻辑关系，由小到大，由轻到重，由浅到深，由低到高，由少到多依次渐进地进行描述或论述。这种整齐的结构可以使人们的思想认识一层层深化提高，增强语言的感染力和说服力。例如：
I came; I saw; I conquer. 我来了；我看到了；我征服。
Reading maketh a full man; conference a ready man; and writing an exact man. 读书使人充实；交谈使人机智；写作使人精确。
Some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested. 书有可浅尝者，有可吞咽者，更有少数须消化咀嚼者。
Lincoln recognized worth in the common people; he loved the common people; he fought for the common people; and he died for the common people. 林肯认识到平民大众的价值；他热爱平民大众；他为平民大众而斗争；他为平民大众而献身。
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高中英语作文常用关联词及高级词汇 A、常用关联词 一、表示递进关系的关键词语additionally 加之；又 besides 此外；除……之外equally important 同样重要的是furthermore 此外；而且 in addition 另外 in other words 换句话说 last but not least 最后但同样重要的是moreover 而且；此外 that is to say 即；就是；换句话说what’s more 而且；此外 二、表示转折关系的关键词语 although 虽然；尽管 at the same time 同时；但是 despite 不管；尽管；不论even if 即使 even though 即使 however 然而；可是 in spite of 不管 instead 代替；而不是nevertheless 然而；不过 on the contrary 正相反 otherwise 另外；不同地regardless of 不管；不顾 still 依然；仍然 though 虽然；可是 while 而 yet 然而；但是；仍三、表示选择关系的关键词语either…or………或…… instead of………，而不是……neither…nor………和……都不……not…but…不是……而是……rather than…宁可；胜过whether…or not 是否 四、表示比较关系的关键词语 compare with/to 与……比较equally 相等地；平等地 in comparison with 与……比较 in contrast 相反；大不相同 in contrast to 和……对比 in the same way 同样地 instead 代替；改为 on the contrary 正相反 while 而 五、表示因果关系的关键词语accordingly 因此；从而 as a result of 作为结果 because （of）因为 consequently 从而；因此 due to 由于；应归于hence 因此；从此 in that 由于；因为；既然now that 因为；既然 on account of 由于 owing to 由于；因……的缘故so 所以 so that 所以 thanks to 由于 therefore 因此；所以 thus 因此 六、用于表示总结的关键词语 above all 最重要的是accordingly 于是 as a consequence 因此 as has been noted 如前所述 at last 最后 briefly 简要扼要地 by doing so 如此 certainly 当然地；无疑地consequently 因此 eventually 最后 hence 因此 in a word 总之 in brief 简言之 in conclusion 总之；最后 in short 简而言之 in summary 简要地说 in sum 总之；简而言之obviously 显然 on the whole 总体说来；整个看来
高考英语作文写作常用短语
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高考英语满分作文精选6篇
请根据以下提示,以Advertisement为标题,写一篇词左右的英语短文. 广告成了人们生活中不可或缺的点缀 有的广告走向极端 你对广告的看法 Possible version: Advertisement广告 Advertisements appear everywhere in modern society. When you walk along the streets, you can see large boards with pretty girls smiling at you. You read newspapers, and see half of the pages covered with ads. You turn on TV, and you see commercial advertisements again. Whether you like it or not, advertisements fill your life. 广告在现代社会中无处不在。当你走在街上，你可以看到大的董事会与漂亮的女孩在你微笑。你看报纸，看到有一半的网页上覆盖着广告。你打开电视，你看到商业广告。不管你喜欢不喜欢，广告填满你的生活。 In order to attract more customers, advertisements will sometimes go to extremes. Advertisements use every possible means in producing their announcements. For example, to advertise a certain food, advertisers will employ an actor to sit at a table and eat up their seemingly delicious food product while they film him. 为了吸引更多的顾客，广告有时会走向极端。广告在制作公告的过程中使用各种可能的手段。举例来说，要做广告，广告主会雇用一位演员坐在一张桌子上，吃上他们在电影中的美味食物。 Although advertisements enable you to make decisions quickly, sometimes they can cause lots of trouble. There are always many of them and they make you forget what you are sitting there for. 虽然广告让你快速做出决定，但有时他们会给你带来很多麻烦。他们中有很多人，他们让你忘记你坐在那里的。 春天是旅游的好季节,某外国语学校校长要求各班同学就春游一事展开讨论.讨论的主题是:学校要不要组织学生春游.校长还要求班长就讨论的情况用英语写一封信给他. 假定你是某班班长李华,请你根据下列表格中的信息客观地介绍讨论情况. 注意:1,信的格式已为你写好;2,词数:100左右;3,生词:拓宽broaden 70%的学生赞成春游 30%的学生反对春游 1. 可以领略大自然的优美风景; 2. 拓宽视野,增长知识; 3. 呼吸新鲜空气,有益于身体健康. 1. 时间紧,耽误学习; 2. 增加父母经济负担; 3. 担心安全. Dear Headmaster, I’m writing to tell you the discussion we’ve had on whether the school should organize a spring outing for the students. 范文 Dear Headmaster,
【英语词汇】高考英语作文常用单词
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黯然低分词：目标goal 闪光高分词：目的，目标purpose，objective，aim 黯然低分词：事实上in fact 闪光高分词：事实上in reality，in effect，as a matter of fact，practically，virtually，actually 黯然低分词：在我看来I my opinion 闪光高分词:在我看来，就我而言in my view，in my belief，as far as I can see， in my mind，as far as I am concerned,from my perspective 黯然低分词：为了for，to 闪光高分词：为了for the sake of，in order to，so as to，on the purpose of 动词类 黯然低分词：适应be used to 闪光高分词：适应be adapted to，be accustomed to，be adjusted to 黯然低分词：阻止stop 闪光高分词：阻碍，阻止hinder，curb，hamper，restrain，prevent，ward off，avoid 黯然低分词：参加join,enter 闪光高分词：参与participate in，attend，take part in，go in for，engage in
高考英语作文常用句型与短语汇总
高考英语作文常用句型及短语汇总 一、~ the + ~ est +名词+(that)+主词+ have ever + seen(known/heard/had/read，etc) ~ the most +形容词+名词+(that)+主词+ have ever + seen(known/heard/had/read，etc) 例句： Helen is the most beautiful girl that I have ever seen. 海伦是我所看过最美丽的女孩。 Mr. Chang is the kindest teacher that I have ever had. 张老师是我曾经遇到最仁慈的教师。 二、Nothing is + ~~~ er than to + V Nothing is + more +形容词+ than to + V 例句：Nothing is more important than to receive education. 没有比接受教育更重要的事。 三、~~~ cannot emphasize the importance of ~~~ too much.(再怎么强调……的重要性也不为过。) 例句：We cannot emphasize the importance of protecting our eyes too much. 我们再怎么强调保护眼睛的重要性也不为过。 四、There is no denying that + S + V……(不可否认的……) 例句：There is no denying that the qualities of our living have gone from bad to worse. 不可否认的，我们的生活品质已经每况愈下。 五、It is universally acknowledged that +句子~~(全世界都知道……)
高考英语满分作文精选：我的朋友(附翻译)
高考英语满分作文精选：我的朋友(附翻译) Ｉ ha*e a good friend. Ｈe is a handsome boy and his eyes shine with wisdom. Ｉha*e known him since Ｓenior Ｏne. Ｗe are both interested in Ｅnglish. Ｏnce both of us entered for an Ｅnglish contest. Ｈow eagerly Ｉ expected to get a prize! Ｏn hearing that Ｉ had failed in the contest, Ｉ could hardly hold back my tears. "Ｗhat a pity!" Ｉ murmured to myself o*er and o*er again. Ｉ felt that the world had become cold and e*eryone seemed to be laughing at me.Ｉlo*e Ｅnglish and ha*e gone all out to study it since my first day in the junior middle school. Ｉha*e e*en dreamed of entering a foreign language institute. Ｓo Ｉ felt *ery sad. Ｊust at this time, Ｉrecei*ed a short letter in Ｅnglish, saying, "Ｆailure is the mother of success. Ｃheer up! Ｄon't lose confidence. Ｋeep on your study and you will succeed!" Ｉ knew it was from the good friend of mine.Ｔhese words encouraged me greatly. Ｉ forgot all my sadness. Ｆrom then on, Ｉ studied Ｅnglish e*en harder. Ｉn the next Ｅnglish contest, Ｉ got the first prize. Ｏf course, he was delighted with my success. 【译文】
高中英语作文常用词汇
1．经济的快速发展with the rapid development of economy 2．人民生活水平的显著提高/ 稳步增长with the remarkable improvement/ steady growth of people’s living standard 3．先进的科学技术advanced science and technology 4．面临新的机遇和挑战be faced with new opportunities and challenges 5．人们普遍认为It is commonly believed/ recognized that… 6．社会发展的必然结果the inevitable result of social development 7．引起了广泛的公众关注arouse wide public concern/ draw public attention 8．不可否认It is undeniable that…/ There is no denying that… 9．热烈的讨论/ 争论arouse /lead to /cause a heated discussion/ debate 10. 有争议性的问题a controversial issue 11．完全不同的观点there is/I have a totally different argument 12．一些人…而另外一些人Some people…while others… 13. 就我而言/ 就个人而言As far as I am concerned, / Personally,/as for me, 15．有充分的理由支持the view/opinion be supported by sound reasons 17．发挥着日益重要的作用play an increasingly important role/part in… 18．对…必不可少be indispensable /necessary to … 21．对…产生有利/不利的影响exert /have positive/ negative effects on… 22．利远远大于弊The advantages far outweigh the disadvantages. 23．导致，引起lead to/ give rise to/ contribute to/ result in 25．责任感/ 成就感we must have sense of responsibility/ sense of achievement 26. 竞争与合作精神sense of competition and cooperation 27. 开阔眼界widen one’s horizon/ broaden one’s vision 28．学习知识和技能acquire enough knowledge and skills 31. 从另一个角度from another perspective, 32．做出共同努力make/need joint efforts 33. 对…有益be beneficial / conducive/good to… 34．为社会做贡献make contributions to the society 35．打下坚实的基础lay a solid foundation for… 37．无可非议it is blameless / beyond reproach that … 39．致力于/ 投身于be committed / devoted to… 41．不可推卸的义务…..be unshakable duty 42. 满足需求satisfy/ meet the needs of… 44．宝贵的自然资源valuable natural resources 45．因特网the Internet （一定要由冠词，字母I 大写） 46．方便快捷convenient and efficient 47．在人类生活的方方面面in all aspects of human life 48．环保的environmental protection / environmentally , 49．社会进步的体现a symbol of society progress 51．对这一问题持有不同态度hold different attitudes towards this issue 53．有/ 提供如下理由/ 证据have/ provide the following reasons/ evidence 54．在一定程度上to some extent/ degree / in some way 55. 理论和实践相结合integrate theory with practice 56. …必然趋势an irresistible trend of…
高考英语作文常用短语--写作偷分必备
考官们看文章也必然要通过这些关键性的“标签”来判定你的文章是否结构清楚，条理自然。破解方法很简单，只要把下面任何一组的词汇加入到你的几个要点前就清楚了。 1）first, second, third……首先，第二，第三….. 2）firstly, secondly, thirdly, finally首先，第二，第三，最后 3）to begin with, then, furthermore, finally首先，然后，其次，最后 4）to start with, next, in addition, finally首先，然后，其次，最后 5）first of all, besides, last but not least首先，其次，最后 6）most important of all, moreover, finally最重要的，其次，最后 7）on the one hand, on the other hand （适用于两点的情况）一方面，另一方面 8）for one thing, for another （适用于两点的情况）一方面，另一方面 短语优先原则 写作时，尤其是在考试时，如果使用短语，有两个好处： 其一、用短语会使文章增加亮点，如果老师们看到你的文章太简单,必然会看你低一等。相反，如果发现亮点—精彩的短语，那么你的文章定会得高分了。 其二、凑字数，用短语是一个办法！ 比如：I cannot bear it.我无法忍受它了。可以用短语表达：I cannot put up with it.我无法忍受它了。I want it.我想要它。 可以用短语表达：I am looking forward to it.我想要它。 It’s important.这个很重要。 可以用短语表达: It’s of great importance.这个很重要。 过渡语原则 并列用语： as well as也 not only…but (also)不仅……还 including,包括 对比用语： on one hand 一方面 on the other hand 另一方面 on the contrary相反的 though 尽管 for one thing一方面 for another另一方面 nevertheless然而 递进用语： even甚至 besides除了 what’s more还有 as for至于 so…that… 太….以至于….. worse still更糟糕的是 Moreover并且 furthermore更进一步 but for要不是 in addition另外