英国文学史-复习资料大二英语专业必考
英国文学史-复习资料大二英语专业必考
一．作家作品连线
1.Geoffrey Chaucer乔叟—— The Canterbury Tales(坎特伯雷故事)，The Book of The Duchess（公爵夫人之书）、The Parliament of Fowls（百鸟会议）The House of Fame(声誉之堂)、Troilus and Criseyde（特罗勒斯与克丽西德）
2.William Shakespeare莎士比亚——Hamlet, Romeo and Juliet, Sonnet
The Merchant of Venice，Henry IV，Twelfth Night，King Lear，Macbeth Othello,Winter’s Tale,The Tempest
3.Francis Bacon培根——Of Marriage and Single Life（论婚姻和单身）, Of Studies,Advancement of Learning,New Atlantis,Essays
4.John Donne邓恩(Metaphysical poems玄学派诗人)—— Song and Sonnets（歌与十四行诗）The Good-Morrow,Break of Day, Holy Sonnets（圣十四行诗）,At the Round Earth’s Imagined Corners,Below,Death ,Be not Proud,Elegies,On His Mistress,To His Mistress Going to Bed
5.John Milton 弥尔顿—— Paradise Lost（失乐园）、Paradise Regained（复乐园）Samson Agonistes（力士参孙）,Lycidas(利西达斯），Areopagitica,
6.Daniel Defoe笛福——The Life and strange Surprising Adventures of Robinson Crusoe（鲁滨孙漂流记）、Captain Singleton(辛格顿船长)、Moll Flanders（摩尔·弗兰德斯）A Journal of the Plague Year（大疫年日记）、Roxana （罗克萨娜）
7.Jonathan Swift斯威夫特——Gulliver’s Travels（格列佛游记）A Tale of a Tub （一只桶的故事）,A Modest Proposal（一个温和的建议）,The Battle of the Books,The Drapier’s Letter,Journal to Stella
8.William Blake布莱克—— Song of Innocence（天真之歌）, Song of experience
（经验之歌）, Poetical Sketches（诗的素描）, The Book of Thel（塞尔书）,The Marriage of Heaven and Hell,Visions of the Daughters of Albion,The Song of Los
9.Robert Burns彭斯——Auld Lang Syne, A Red Red Rose, Poems、Chiefly in the Scottish Dialect,The Tree of Liberty,Scots、Wha Hae，Holy Willies’s Prayer.The Twa Dogs,My Heart’s in the Highland s,John Anderson,My Jo,
10.William Wordsworth华兹华斯——I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud,Lyrical Ballads,Line Composed a Few Miles Above Tintern Abbey,Ode:Intimations of Immortality,The Solitary Reaper,Lucy Poems,The Prelude,
11.Samuel Taylor Coleridge柯勒律治——Kubla Khan（忽必烈汗），Biographia Literia （文学传记）、Lyrical Ballads (抒情歌谣集),The Rime of the Ancient Mariner,Christabel,
12.Jane Austen简·奥斯丁——Pride and Prejudice,Sense and Sensibility(Elinor and Marriane),Mansfield Park,Emma,Northanger Abbey,Persuasion,
13.George Gordon Byron 乔治·戈登·拜伦——Hours of Idleness,English Bards and Scotch Reviewers,Childe Harold’s Pilgrimage,The Giaour,The Bride of Abydos,The Siege of Corinth,Manfred,Cain,Don Juan,She Walks in Beauty 14.Percy Bysshe Shelley 波西·比希·雪莱——Queen Mab,The Revolt of Islam,Prometheus Unbound,The Cenci,Adonais,England in 1819,Ode to the West Wind,A Defence of Poetry
15.John Keats 约翰·济慈——Endymion,Isabella,The Eve of Saint Agnes,Hyperion,Ode on a Grecian Urn,Ode to a Nightingale
16.Charlotte Bronte夏洛蒂·勃朗特——Jane Eyre,Villette,Shirley,The Professor,Poems by Currer,Ellis,and Acton Bell
17.Charles Dickens查尔斯·狄更斯——The Posthumous Papers of the Pickwick Club,Oliver Twist,Davis Copperfield,Bleak House,A Tale of Two Cities,The Old Curiosity Shop,Dombey and Son,Great Expectations
18.Alfred Tennyson阿尔弗尼德·丁尼生——Poems by Two Brothers,The Princess,In Memoriam A.H.H.,Maud,Enoch Arden,Idylls of the King
19.Robert Browning罗伯特·布朗宁——Paracelsus,Strafford,Pippa Passes,Dramatic Lyrics,Dramatic Romances and Lyrics,Men and Women,Dramatic Personae,The Ring and the Book
20.Matthew Arnold马修·阿诺德——The Strayed Reveller,Poems,Poems:Second Series,New Poems,Essays in Criticism,Culture and Anarchy,Literature and Dogma
21.Tomas Hardy托马斯·哈代——Under the Greenwood Tree,A Pair of Blue Eyes,Far From the Madding Crowd,The Return of the Native,Mayor of the Casterbridge,Tess of the D’Urbervilles,Jude the Obscure,The Dynasts
二、术语解释
1、Epic（史诗）: A long narrative poem telling about the deeds of a great hero
and reflecting the values of the society from which it originated. It started in the 5th century, Beowulf was an important epic.
2、Humanism(人文主义):In the 15th century, It is
a philosophical and ethical stance that emphasizes the value
and agency of human beings, individually and collectively prefers critical
thinking and evidence over established doctrine or faith. Thomas More wrote Utopia.
3、Metaphysical poetry（玄学派）: In the17th century , metaphysical poetry is
characterized by verbal wit and excess, ingenious structure, irregular meter, colloquial language, elaborate imagery, and a drawing together of dissimilar ideas. John Donne wrote Songs and Sonnets.
4、Enlightenment（启蒙主义）: In the 18th century, the Enlightenment on the
whole, was an expression of struggle of the then progressive class of bourgeois against feudalism. Jonathan Swift wrote Gulliver’s travels.
5、Romanticism（浪漫主义）: A movement that flourished in literature,
philosophy, music, and art in Western culture during most of the 19th century.
Robert Burns wrote A Red ,Red Rose.
6、Sonnet（十四行诗）: A fourteen-line lyric poem, usually written in rhymed
iambic pentameter. A sonnet generally expresses a single theme or idea.
Sonnet 18 is one of important sonnets written by Shakespeare.
7、Conceit(幻想主义）:A unusually far-fetched or elaborate metaphor or simile
presenting a surprisingly apt parallel between two apparently dissimilar things or feelings.
8、. Critical Realism:It means the tendency of writers and intellectuals in the
period between 1875 and 1920 to apply the methods of realistic fiction to the criticism of society and the examination of social issues.Realist writers were all concerned about the fate of the common people and described what was faithful to reality.
三、简答
1.就莎士比亚的一部作品做出解析
Hamlet i s the profoundest expression of Shakespeare’s humanism and his criticism of contemporary life.The play opens with Hamlet’s appearing in a mood of world-weariness caused by his father’s death and by his mother’s hasty marriage with his uncle, and ends up with the death of major characters. Hamlet is a man free from medieval prejudices and superstitions. He has an unbounded love for the world rather than for heaven. He cherishes a profound reverence for man, and a firm belief in man’s power over destiny. Shakespeare expressed the traditional aspects of themes, such as hesitation, inherited sin and corruption, sons seeking revenge, deception, ambition, madness, loyalty, empty existence.
Hamlet is usually regarded as the summit of his art.
2.鲁滨逊漂流记的人物形象和情节
Plot: It is the story of Robinson Crusoe, an Englishman who is shipwrecked in a lonely island. He lives on this lonely island and becomes self-sufficient. After 23 years he meets with a group of cannibals and rescues one of their prisoners, a young native whom he calls Friday. Crusoe and Friday become close friends, and when they are finally rescued four years later, both return to England. Characteristics
Robinson Crusoe who desires adventure never gives in the simple life. He is not a traditional hero or epic adventurer. He is always ready to admit unheroic feelings of fear or panic, as when he finds the footprint on the beach. Crusoe
prefers to describe himself as an ordinary sensible man never as an exceptional hero.
3.在失乐园指撒旦的形象（The Image of Satan）
(1)Satan in the poem is a rebel who rises against God and, though defeated, still seeks for revenge. He is by far the most striking character in the poem.
(2)Satan is the real hero of the poem. He is admired and respected by his fellow-angels. He goes through many obstacles and makes revolt against God. Though weaker in force, he remains superior in nobility. He welcomes his defeat and his torments as a glory, a liberty and a joy.(spirit of revolution)
(3)Satan is the spirit questioning the authority of God.
4.培根散文节选段落评价(Characteristics of Bacon’s Essays)
Bacon’s essays are characterized by their conciseness and brevity, simplicity and forcefulness, practicality and versatility.
His essays have been considered as a reformation of popular euphuism(夸饰文体)of his contemporaries. Usually each essay discusses a single subject, for instance, Of Beauty, Of Marriage, Of Riches, Of Studies. Short as they are, these essays show Bacon’s profundity in understanding man and society.
These essays cover a wide variety of subjects, such as love, truth, friendship, parents and children, beauty, studies, youth and age and many others．They have won popularity for his clearness, brevity (简短) and force of expression．选择了（论读书）
Of studies in detail discussed the purpose and function of reading, analyzes many different attitudes towards reading and introduces the
methods of reading. Bacon in this this essay uses the parallelism. This essay is one of the important article.
Bacon’s essays are characterized by their conciseness and brevity, simpli city and forcefulness, practicality and versatility.
His essays have been considered as a reformation of popular euphuism(夸饰文体)of his contemporaries. Usually each essay discusses a single subject, for instance, Of Beauty, Of Marriage, Of Riches, Of Studies. Short as they are, these essays show Bacon’s profundity in understanding man and society.
5.傲慢与偏见的情节(Pride and Prejudice)
Elizabeth was born to a family of small landowners four sisters, Jane, Mary, Katie and Lydia. They have a little monotonous quiet life along with the two young guys coming up and it is undeniable and eliminate the waves. Bingley is healthy and progressive and rich Darcy is a good friend, became acquainted with the town lure of this home.Elizabeth is both intelligent and strong-minded woman. Although Darcy and Elizabeth from Pride and Prejudice, respectively, while the other left out, unaware of their true mind, but they really attracted to each other. Finally, in Elizabeth's sister after the elopement with Lydia, Darcy save her reputation. They gradually eliminate misunderstanding between them , eventually engaged.
6.Byronic Hero(拜伦式英雄)
Byronic hero refers to a proud, mysterious rebel figure of noble origin.
2>with immense superiority in his passions and powers, this Byronic Hero would carry on his shoulders the burden of righting all the wrongs in a corrupt
society. And would rise single-handedly against any kind of tyrannical rules either in government, in religion, or in moral principles with unconquerable wills and inexhaustible energies.
3>Byron’s chief contribution to English literature is his creation of the“Byronic Hero”
7.格列佛游记的情节
When Lemuel Gulliver sets off from London on a sea voyage, little does he know the many incredible and unbelievable misadventures awaiting him. Shipwrecked at sea and nearly drowned, he washes ashore upon an exotic island called Lilliput-where the people are only six inches tall! Next he visits a land of incredible giants called Brobdingnagians. They are more than sixty feet tall! He travels to Laputa, a city that floats in the sky, and to Glubbdubdrib, the Island of Sorcerers. His final voyage brings him into contact with the Yahoos-a brutish race of subhumans-and an intelligent and virtuous race of horse, the Houyhnhnms.
四、诗歌赏析
1.《水仙花》The Daffodils赏析
1.Wordsworth made use of the description in his sister's diary,as well as
of his memory of the daffodils in Gowbarrow Park,by Ullswater.Cf.Dorothy Wordsworth's Journal,April 15,1802:"I never saw daffodils so beautiful.
They grew among the mossy stones ...; some rested their heads upon these stones,as on a pillow for weariness; and the rest tossed and reeled and danced,and seemed as if they verily laughed with the wind,that blew upon
them over the lake; they looked so gay,ever glancing,ever changing."
2.'They flash upon that inward eye...':Wordsworth said that these were
the two best lines in the poem and that they were composed by his wife. Biography and Assessment:
Wordsworth was born in the Lake District of northern England[...]The natural scenery of the English lakes could terrify as well as nurture,as Wordsworth would later testify in the line "I grew up fostered alike by beauty and by fear," but its generally benign aspect gave the growing boy the confidence he articulated in one of his first important poems,"Lines Composed a Few Miles Above Tintern Abbey ...," namely,"that Nature never did betray the heart that loved her."
[...]
Wordsworth moved on in 1787 to St.John's College,Cambridge.Repelled by the competitive pressures there,he elected to idle his way through the university,persuaded that he "was not for that hour,nor for that place." The most important thing he did in his college years was to devote his summer vacation in 1790 to a long walking tour through revolutionary France.There he was caught up in the passionate enthusiasm that followed the fall of the Bastille,and became an ardent republican sympathizer. [...]
The three or four years that followed his return to England were the darkest of Wordsworth's life.Unprepared for any profession,rootless, virtually penniless,bitterly hostile to his own country's opposition to
the French,he knocked about London in the company of radicals like William Godwin and learned to feel a profound sympathy for the abandoned mothers,beggars,children,vagrants,and victims of England's wars who began to march through the sombre poems he began writing at this time. This dark period ended in 1795,when a friend's legacy made possible Wordsworth's reunion with his beloved sister Dorothy--the two were never again to live apart--and their move in 1797 to Alfoxden House,near Bristol.There Wordsworth became friends with a fellow poet,Samuel Taylor Coleridge,and they formed a partnership that would change both poets' lives and alter the course of English poetry.
[...]
Through all these years Wordsworth was assailed by vicious and tireless critical attacks by contemptuous reviewers; no great poet has ever had to endure worse.But finally,with the publication of The River Duddon in 1820,the tide began to turn,and by the mid-1830s his reputation had been established with both critics and the reading public.
Wordsworth's last years were given over partly to "tinkering" his poems,
as the family called his compulsive and persistent habit of revising his earlier poems through edition after edition.The Prelude,for instance,
went through four distinct manuscript versions (1798-99,1805-06,1818-20, and 1832-39) and was published only after the poet's death in 1850.Most readers find the earliest versions of The Prelude and other heavily
revised poems to be the best,but flashes of brilliance can appear in
revisions added when the poet was in his seventies.
Wordsworth succeeded his friend Robert Southey as Britain's poet laureate in 1843 and held that post until his own death in 1850.Thereafter his influence was felt throughout the rest of the 19th century,though he was honoured more for his smaller poems,as singled out by the Victorian
critic Matthew Arnold,than for his masterpiece,The Prelude.In the 20th century his reputation was strengthened both by recognition of his importance in the Romantic movement and by an appreciation of the darker elements in his personality and verse.
William Wordsworth was the central figure in the English Romantic revolution in poetry.His contribution to it was threefold.First,he formulated in his poems and his essays a new attitude toward nature.This was more than a matter of introducing nature imagery into his verse; it amounted to a fresh view of the organic relation between man and the natural world,and it culminated in metaphors of a wedding between nature and the human mind,and beyond that,in the sweeping metaphor of nature as emblematic of the mind of God,a mind that "feeds upon infinity" and "broods over the dark abyss." Second,Wordsworth probed deeply into his own sensibility as he traced,in his finest poem,The Prelude,the "growth
of a poet's mind." The Prelude was in fact the first long autobiographical poem.Writing it in a drawn-out process of self-exploration,Wordsworth worked his way toward a modern psychological understanding of his own nature,and thus more broadly of human nature.Third,Wordsworth placed
poetry at the centre of human experience; in impassioned rhetoric he pronounced poetry to be nothing less than "the first and last of all knowledge--it is as immortal as the heart of man," and he then went on to create some of the greatest English poetry of his century.It is probably
safe to say that by the late 20th century he stood in critical estimation where Coleridge and Arnold had originally placed him,next to John
Milton--who stands,of course,next to William Shakespeare.
Some comments:
1.We often go through life as if we were unconscious of what is going on around us - like clouds.We notice many things some of which are beautiful and some ordinary.But being distracted - not poets,who would naturally notice and be gay at the sight - we fail to be lifted by the simple but awesome beauty that surrounds us.WW was not being a poet at the time and so he "little thought what wealth to him the show had wrought." He was forced to try to re-experience it from memory - his inward eye - in order to fill his heart with the pleasure he missed when he actually saw the daffodils. To me,the poem serves as a reminder that our happiness is best served if we live our lives as poets and notice the simple beauty that nature gives us daily.Where ordinary people see flowers,the poet sees stars,dancers,
happy celebrations of nature's miracles and is pleasured.Live as a
poet!
2.I always thought
of the poem as a simple poem of yellow gay springtime.Having really
looked at the poem something clicked and I have a profound understanding that I had overlooked -
The word 'DANCE' is in every stanza - Dance the cosmic creative energy
that transforms space into time,is the rhythm of the universe.Round dancing,was a dance that imitated the sun's course in the heavens and enclosed a sacred space.The round,yellow,golden cups of the daffodil
can easily symbolize the sun,the sacred sun of incorruptibile wisdom,
superior and noble.
Dancing as the Dance of Siva is the eternal movement of the universe the
'play' of creatio,or the 'fluttering' frenzy emotional chaos of
Dionysian/Bacchic.
The stars,messengers of the gods,the eyes of night,and hope,toss
their 'head,' the seat of both our intelligence and folly,honor and
dishonor.
Lying on a couch in a vacant pensive mood could easily be a way to
discribe a meditative state where the forces of the universe and our connection with the ceaseless movement,the ebb and flow of life as a
wave dances could be pondered.
That last line "And dances with the Daffodils." could it be the dance of
angels round the throne of God.If this is a poem of the cycle of
existence and the circling of the sun/God of course what wealth and
glee.
3.A poem can stir all of the senses,and the subject matter of a poem can range
from being funny to being sad.
2.《羔羊》The Lamb 赏析
Poetic structure
1 rhyme scheme: AA BB CC DD AA AA EF GG FE AA
“The Lamb” has two stanzas, each containing five rhymed couplets.
2 The layout is set up by two stanzas with the refrain: "Little Lamb who made thee? Dost thou know who made thee?"
In the first stanza, the speaker wonders who the lamb's creator is; the answer lies at the end of the poem. Here we find a physical description of the lamb, seen as a pure and gentle creature. In the second stanza, the lamb is compared with the infant Jesus, as well as between the lamb and the speaker's soul. In the last two lines the speaker identifies the creator: God.
Rhetorical devices
1 The poem begins with the question, “Little Lamb, who made thee?”The speaker, a child, asks the lamb about its origins: how it came into being, how it acquired its particular manner of feeding, its “clothing” of wool, its “tender voice.”
2 In the next stanza, the speaker attempts a riddling answer to his own question: the lamb was made by one who “calls himself a Lamb,” one who resembles in his gentleness both the child and the lamb.
Repetition in the first and last couplet of each stanza makes these lines into a refrain, and helps to give the poem its song-like quality. The flowing soft vowel sounds contribute to this effect, and also suggest the bleating of a lamb or the lisping character of a child’s chant.
Theme
1 The lamb is a common metaphor for Jesus Christ, who is also called the "The Lamb of God"
2 Blake in the songs of innocence，with childish life's point of view，shows a full of love and kindness, compassion and happy world. The poem has just 20 lines, but depicts the character of gentleness vividly.
3 The poet’s description abou t the lamb’s kindness and gentleness, aims to express their feeling of life and nature, and the yearning for the universe and harmonious understanding.
4 He not only sings praise of gentle lamb, but also the mystical power that can create the lamb. Here the God, Jesus and the Lamb are just the one thing.
3.《她在美中行》She Walks In Beauty赏析
This poem makes an idealized image of women with rich imagination and aesthetic technique. Her beauty looks like quiet night sky of cloudless climes and stars .That beauty like glorious brightness flowing in her black hair, if becoming more or less ,and it will damage the perfect image. Her purity and kind add more rich connotation to the form beauty.
The word in the whole poem is beautiful and concise. Rhythm is soft. And the style is natural and lively. The romantic passion in this poem gets harmonious reflection and perfect unification. The poet clearly tell us, what beauty is in the world? The people of simple, inornate,harmonious with nature is beautiful. The heart of flushing pure love is beautiful. And the soul of existing with light is beautiful!
英国文学史及选读 复习要点总结概要
《英国文学史及选读》第一册复习要点 1. Beowulf: national epic of the English people; Denmark story; alliteration, metaphors and understatements (此处可能会有填空,选择等小题 2. Romance (名词解释 3. “Sir Gawain and the Green Knight”: a famous roman about King Arthur’ s story 4. Ballad(名词解释 5. Character of Robin Hood 6. Geoffrey Chaucer: founder of English poetry; The Canterbury Tales (main contents; 124 stories planned, only 24 finished; written in Middle English; significance; form: heroic couplet 7. Heroic couplet (名词解释 8. Renaissance(名词解释 9.Thomas More—— Utopia 10. Sonnet(名词解释 11. Blank verse(名词解释12. Edmund Spenser “The Faerie Queene” 13. Francis Bacon “essays” esp. “Of Studies” (推荐阅读,学习写正式语体的英文文章的好参照,本文用词正式优雅,多排比句和长句,语言造诣非常高,里面很多话都可以引用做格言警句,非常值得一读 14. William Shakespeare四大悲剧比较重要,此外就是罗密欧与朱立叶了,这些剧的主题,背景,情节,人物形象都要熟悉,当然他最重要的是 Hamlet 这是肯定的。他的sonnet 也很重要,最重要属 sonnet18。 (其戏剧中著名对白和几首有名的十四行诗可能会出选读 15. John Milton 三大史诗非常重要,特别是 Paradise Lost 和 Samson Agonistes。对于 Paradise Lost 需要知道它是 blank verse写成的,故事情节来自 Old Testament,另外要知道此书 theme 和 Satan 的形象。
英国文学史及选读__期末试题及答案
考试课程：英国文学史及选读考核类型：A 卷 考试方式：闭卷出卷教师: XXX 考试专业：英语考试班级：英语xx班 I.Multiple choice (30 points, 1 point for each) select from the four choices of each item the one that best answers the question or completes the statement. 1._____，a typical example of old English poetry ,is regarded today as the national epic of the Anglo-Saxons. A.The Canterbury Tales B.The Ballad of Robin Hood C.The Song of Beowulf D.Sir Gawain and the Green Kinght 2._____is the most common foot in English poetry. A.The anapest B.The trochee C.The iamb D.The dactyl 3.The Renaissance is actually a movement stimulated by a series of historical events, which one of the following is NOT such an event? A.The rediscovery of ancient Roman and Greek culture. B.England’s domestic rest C.New discovery in geography and astrology D.The religious reformation and the economic expansion 4._____is the most successful religious allegory in the English language. A.The Pilgrims Progress B.Grace Abounding to the Chief of Sinners C.The Life and Death of Mr.Badman D.The Holy War 5.Generally, the Renaissance refers to the period between the 14th and mid-17th centuries, its essence is _____. A.science B.philosophy C.arts D.humanism 6.“So long as men can breathe, or eyes can see,/So long lives this, and this gives life to thee.”(Shakespeare, Sonnets18)What does“this”refer to ? A.Lover. B.Time. C.Summer. D.Poetry. 7.“O prince, O chief of my throned powers, /That led th’ embattled seraphim to war/Under thy conduct, and in dreadful deeds/Fearless, endangered Heaven’s perpetual king”In the third line of the above passage quoted from Milton’s Paradise Los t, the phrase“thy conduct”refers to _____conduct. A.God’s B.Satan’s C.Adam’s D.Eve’s
英国文学史期末复习重点
英国文学史 Part one: Early and Medieval English Literature Chapter 1 The Making of England 1. The early inhabitants in the island now we call England were Britons, a tribe of Gelts. 2. In 55 B.C., Britain was invaded by Julius Caesar. The Roman occupation lasted for about 400 years. It was also during the Roman role that Christianity was introduced to Britain. And in 410 A.D., all the Roman troops went back to the continent and never returned. 3. The English Conquest At the same time Britain was invaded by swarms of pirates（海盗）. They were three tribes from Northern Europe: the Angles, Saxons and Jutes. And by the 7th century these small kingdoms were combined into a United Kingdom called England, or, the land of Angles. And the three dialects spoken by them naturally grew into a single language called Anglo -Saxon, or Old English. 4. The Social Condition of the Anglo -Saxon Therefore, the Anglo -Saxon period witnessed a transition from tribal society to feudalism. 5. Anglo -Saxon Religious Belief and Its Influence The Anglo -Saxons were Christianized in the seventh century. Chapter 2 Beowulf 1. Anglo -Saxon Poetry But there is one long poem of over 3,000 lines. It is Beowulf, the national epic of the English people. Grendel is a monster described in Beowulf. 3. Analysis of Its Content Beowulf is a folk lengend brought to England by Anglo -Saxons from their continental homes. It had been passed from mouth to mouth for hundreds of years before it was written down in the tenth century. 4. Features of Beowulf The most striking feature in its poetical form is the use of alliteration, metaphors and understatements. Chapter 3 Feudal England 1）T he Norman Conquest 2. The Norman Conquest The French -speaking Normans under Duke William came in 1066. After defeating the English at Hastings, William was crowned as King of England. The Norman Conquest marks the establishment of feudalism in England.
2014-2015英国文学史及选读期末试题B
····································密························封························线································ 学生答题不得超过此线
····································密························封························线································ 学生答题不得超过此线
····································密························封························线································ 学生答题不得超过此线
班级_________________学号姓名考试科目英美文学史及作品选读【（1）】B卷闭卷共 5 页 学生答题不得超过此线····································密························封························线································
班级_________________学号姓名考试科目英美文学史及作品选读【（1）】B卷闭卷共 5 页 学生答题不得超过此线····································密························封························线································
(完整)最全面英国文学史知识点总结,推荐文档
英国文学史 I. Old English Literature & The Late Medieval Ages
(完整word版)吴伟仁--英国文学史及选读--名词解释
①Beowulf: The national heroic epic of the English people. It has over 3,000 lines. It describes the battles between the two monsters and Beowulf, who won the battle finally and dead for the fatal wound. The poem ends with the funeral of the hero. The most striking feature in its poetical form is the use if alliteration. Other features of it are the use of metaphors(暗喻) and of understatements(含蓄). ②Alliteration: In alliterative verse, certain accented(重音) words in a line begin with the same consonant sound(辅音). There are generally 4accents in a line, 3 of which show alliteration, as can be seen from the above quotation. ③Romance: The most prevailing(流行的) kind of literature in feudal England was the Romance. It was a long composition, sometimes in verse(诗篇), sometimes in prose(散文), describing the life and adventures of a noble hero, usually a knight, as riding forth to seek adventures, taking part in tournament(竞赛), or fighting for his lord in battle and the swearing of oaths. ④Epic: An epic is a lengthy narrative poem, ordinarily concerning a serious subject containing details of heroic deeds and events significantly to a culture or nation. The first epics are known as primacy, or original epics. ⑤Ballad: The most important department of English folk literature is the ballad which is a story told in song, usually in 4-line stanzas(诗节), with the second and fourth lines rhymed. The subjects of ballads are various in kind, as the struggle of young lovers against their feudal-minded families, the conflict between love and wealth, the cruelty of jealousy, the criticism of the civil war, and the matters and class struggle. The paramount(卓越的) important ballad is Robin Hood(《绿林好汉》). ⑥Geoffrey Chaucer杰弗里.乔叟: He was an English author, poet, philosopher and diplomat. He is the founder of English poetry. He obtained a good knowledge of Latin, French and Italian. His best remembered narrative is the Canterbury Tales(《坎特伯雷故事集》), which the Prologue(序言) supplies a miniature(缩影) of the English society of Chaucer’s time. That is why Chaucer has been called “the founder of English realism”. Chaucer affirms men and women’s right to pursue their happiness on earth and opposes(反对) the dogma of asceticism(禁欲主义) preached(鼓吹) by the church. As a forerunner of humanism, he praises man’s energy, intellect, quick wit and love of life. Chaucer’s contribution to English poetry lies chiefly in the fact that he introduced from France the rhymed stanza of various types, especially the rhymed couplet of 5 accents in iambic(抑扬格) meter(the “heroic couplet”) to English poetry, instead of the old Anglo-Saxon alliterative verse. ⑦【William Langland威廉.朗兰: Piers the Plowman《农夫皮尔斯》】
(完整)英国文学史知识点,推荐文档
一、The Anglo-Saxon period (449-1066) 1、这个时期的文学作品分类：pagan(异教徒) Christian(基督徒) 2、代表作：The Song of Beowulf 《贝奥武甫》( national epic 民族史诗) 采用了隐喻手法 3、Alliteration 押头韵（写作手法） 例子：of man was the mildest and most beloved, To his kin the kindest, keenest for praise. 二、The Anglo-Norman period (1066-1350) Canto 诗章 1、romance 传奇文学 2、代表作：Sir Gawain and the Green Knight (高文爵士和绿衣骑士) 是一首押头韵的长诗 三、Geoffrey Chaucer (1340-1400) 杰弗里.乔叟时期 1、the father of English poetry 英国诗歌之父 2、heroic couplet 英雄双韵体：a verse unit consisting of two rhymed(押韵) lines in iambic pentameter(五步抑扬格) 3、代表作：the Canterbury Tales 坎特伯雷的故事(英国文学史的开端) 大致内容：the pilgrims are people from various parts of England, representatives of various walks of life and social groups. 朝圣者都是来自英国的各地的人,代表着社会的各个不同阶层和社会团体 小说特点：each of the narrators tells his tale in a peculiar manner, thus revealing his own views and character. 这些叙述者以自己特色的方式讲述自己的故事，无形中表明了各自的观点，展示了各自的性格。 小说观点：he believes in the right of man to earthly happiness. He is anxious to see man freed from superstitions(迷信) and a blind belief in fate(盲目地相信命运). 他希望人们能从迷信和对命运的盲从中解脱出来。 4、Popular Ballads 大众民谣：a story hold in 4-line stanzas with second and fourth line rhymed(笔记) Ballads are anonymous narrative songs that have been preserved by oral transmission(书上). 歌谣是匿名叙事歌曲,一直保存着口头传播的方式
英国文学史及选读2017期末复习名词解释中英
名词解释 ENGLISH LITERATURE--DEFINITION OF TERMS 1 were passed down from generation to generation. 3) Robin Hood is a famous ballad singing the goods of Robin Hood. Coleridge’s The Rime of the Ancient Mariner is a 19th century English ballad. 2Critical Realism of the 19th century flourished in the forties and in the beginning of fifties.2)The realists first and foremost set themselves the task of criticizing capitalist society from a democratic viewpoint and delineated the crying contradictions of bourgeois reality. But they did not find a way to eradicate social evils.3) Charles Dickens is the most important critical realist. 3With the advent of the 18th century, in England, as in other European countries, there sprang into life a public movement known as the Enlightenment. The Enlightenment on the whole, was an expression of struggle of the then progressive class of bourgeois against feudalism. The social inequality, stagnation, prejudices and other survivals of feudalism. They attempted to place all branches of science at the service of mankind by connecting them with the actual deeds and requirements of the people. 启蒙主义：启蒙主义是在18世纪在英国发生的。总体上，启蒙主义是当时的资产阶级对封建主义，社会的不平等、死寂、偏见和其他的封建残余的一种反对。通过将科学的各个分支与人民的日常生活和需要联系起来，启蒙主义者们努力将他们变成为人民大众服务的工具 4-of-Consciousness” or “interior monologue”, is one of the modern literary techniques. It is the style of writing that attempts to imitate the natural flow of a character’s thoughts, feelings, reflections, memories, and mental images as the character experiences them. It was first used in 1922 by the Irish novelist James Joyce. Those novels broke through the bounds of time and space, and depicted vividly and skillfully the unconscious activity of the mind fast changing and flowing incessantly, particularly the hesitant, misted, distracted and illusory psychology people had when they faced reality. The modern American writer William Faulkner successfully advanced this technique. In his stories, action and plots were less important than the reactions and inner musings of the narrators. Time sequences were often dislocated. The reader feels himself to be a participant in the stories, rather than an observer. A high degree of emotion can be achieved by this technique.
吴伟仁的英国文学史及选读
History and Anthology of English Literature Part One The Anglo-Saxon Period Beowulf Questions: 1.The earliest literature falls into two divisions ___________, and_______________. 2.Christianity brings England not only __________ and___________but also the wealth of a new language. 3.Who is Beowulf? And What is Beowulf? 4.How did Beowulf come into being? 5.Who is Grendel? And what is the result of Grendel?s fight with Beowulf? 6.How did the Jutes hold the funeral for him? Key points of this part: The most important work of old English literature is Beowulf------- the national epic of the English people. It is of Germanic heritage, perhaps the greatest Germanic epic and contains evidently pre-Christian elements existing at first in an oral tradition, the poem was passed from mouth to mouth for generations before it was written down. The manuscript preserved today was written in the Wessex tongue about 1000A.D., consisting altogether of 3183 lines. There are three episodes related to the career of Beowulf: 1.the fight with the monster, Grendel. 2.The fight with Grendel?s mother, a still more frightful she-monster. 3.The moral combat with the fire Dragon. The significance lies in the vivid portrayal of a great national hero, who is brave, courageous, selfless, and ever helpful to his people. There are three important features:: 1.Alliteration (words beginning with the same consonant sound). This is characteristic of all old English verse. 2.Metaphors and understatements. There are many compound words used in the poem to serve as indirect metaphors that are sometimes very picturesque. , e.g. “riging-giver”is used for King; “hearth-companions “for his attendant warriors; “Whale?s road” for the sea; “spear-fighter” for soldier etc. And as understatement we can see: “not troublesome”for welcome; “need not praise”for a right to condemn. This quality is often regarded as characteristic of the English people and their language. 3.Mixture of pagan and Christian elements: the observing of omen, cremation, blood-revenge, and the praise of worldly glory.
英美文学史试题.docx
文档来源为 :从网络收集整理.word 版本可编辑 .欢迎下载支持. 台州学院外国语学院学年第学期 级英语本科专业《英国文学史及选读II 》期末试卷（11）( 闭卷 ) 题号分值得分姓名班级学号 考试时间 :120 分钟I II III IV V VI VII总分10101015201025100 I. Multiple choice . Choose the best out of the four. (10%=1*10) 1.The subject matters of Romanticism include the following But ____. A. strong-willed heroes B. mysticism C. moderation D. exotic pictures 2. “O, wild West Wind, thou breath of Autumn’s being, ”is from____. A. Ozymandias B. Ode to the West Wind C. She Walks in Beauty D. The Isles of Greece 3.____is one of the Satanic“school ” poets. A. John Keats B. Percy Bysshe Shelley C. Leigh Hunt D. S. T. Coleridge 4.Dickens ’ first true novel is ____. A. David Copperfield B. Bleak House C. Oliver Twist D. Hard Times 5.The following novels are all written by Jane Austen Except. A. Pride and Prejudice B. Emma C. Mansfield Park D. Far from the Madding Crowd https://www.sodocs.net/doc/7015292630.html,wrence revealed Oedipus complex in his novel __________. A. Sons and Lovers B. For Whom the Bell Tolls C. The Sun Also Rises D. The Old Man and the Sea 7.____historical novel paved the path for the development of the realistic novel of the 19th century. A. Jane Austen’ s B. Walter Scott’Cs. Henry Fielding’ s D. Charles Lamb’ s 8.The title of Thackeray ’novels ____was borrowed from The Pilgrim s ’Progress by John Bunyan . A. The Roundabout Paper B. The Newcomers C. Vanity Fair D. The Four Georges 9.,which was written by Charlotte Bronte, is a poetic, imaginative story of the love of a young governess for her married employer . A. Wuthering Heights B. Jane Eyre C. The Professor D. Agnes Grey 10.___is considered to be the best-known English dramatist since Shakespeare, and his representative works are plays inspired by social criticism. A. Richard Sheridan B. Oliver Goldsmith C. Oscar Wilde D. Bernard Shaw II. True or False? Put a T before the statement if you think it is true and put an F if you think it is false.(10%=1*10) ____1. The glory of the Romantic Age lies in the prose of Wordsworth, Coleridge, Byron, Shelley and Keats. ____2.The Lakers include Byron, Shelley and Wordsworth . ____3.Childe Harold Pilgrimage made Byron famous overnight.
英国文学史及选读知识要点I
Part I The Anglo-Saxon Period(449-1066) I Background 449 the Teutons ( the Jutes, the Anglos, the Saxons) II Literature The literature of this period falls into two divisions—pagan and Christian Two Anglo-saxon Christian poets: Caedmon （凯德蒙，公元7世纪盎各鲁－萨克逊基督教诗人）who lived in the latter half of the 7th century and who wrote a poetic Paraphrase of the Bible. Cynewulf（基涅武甫,盎各鲁――萨克逊诗人，生活在公元9世纪，其古英语诗稿于10世纪被发现，有《埃琳娜》,《使徒们的命运》，《基督升天》和《朱莉安娜》）, the author of poems on religious subjects III The Song of Beowulf( Beowulf, 公元7-8世纪之交开始流传于民间的同名史诗中的主人公，曾与水怪，火龙搏斗) Status: England’s national epic Written at the beginning of the tenth century Composed much earlier Length:3182 The whole song is essentially pagan in spirit and matter. Features : alliteration; metaphors; understatement Subject matter Part II The Anglo-Norman Period (1066—1350) I historical background: The Norman Conquest II. The Literature The literature which they brought to England is remarkable for its bright, romantic tales of love and adventure. III. Romance 1. Romance was the prevailing form of literature in feudal England. 2. Definition and features(理解) IV. Sir Gawain and the Green Knight a late-14th century middle-English outlining an adventure of Sir Gawain, a knight of King Arthur’s Round Table. It was a verse romance of 2530 lines, considered as the best of Arthurian romances. Part III Geoffrey Chaucer(1340?-1400) I Major works The Romaunt of the Rose《玫瑰传奇》is a translation from a French poem. His masterpiece: The Canterbury Tales II Contributions 1. Chaucer—the forerunner of Renaissanc e
相关文档
- 英国文学史 知识点
- 英国文学史第一章知识点
- 常耀信英国文学史复习重点简答题.docx
- 简明英国文学史 简答题 重点
- (完整)英国文学史知识点,推荐文档
- 最全面英国文学史知识点总结
- 新版最全面英国文学史知识点总结-新版.pdf
- 新编简明英国文学史复习资料
- 英国文学史课堂笔记
- 英国文学史及选读知识要点I
- 最全面英国文学史知识点总结复习过程
- 英国文学史期末复习重点
- 高考历史英国历史知识点总结
- 常耀信英国文学史复习重点 简答题
- (完整)最全面英国文学史知识点总结,推荐文档
- 英国文学史期末复习重点
- 英国文学史期末复习重点总结
- 英国文学史知识点
- 高考英国史知识点整理(阶段、时间轴)复习课程
- 英国文学史及选读__复习要点总结