2014高考英语阅读理解抓分精品训练(44)

2014高考英语阅读理解抓分精品训练（44）及答案

阅读理解C

Greenspace facilities (设施) are contributing to an important degree to the quality of the city environment. Fortunately it is no longer necessary that every lecture or every book about this subject has to start with the proof of this idea. At present it is generally accepted, although more as a self-proved statement than on the ba se of a closely reasoned scientific proof. Recognizing the importance of greenspaces in the city environment is a first step on the right way, this does not mean, however, that enough details are known about the functions of greenspace in towns and about the way in which people are using these spaces. As to this subject I shall within the scope (范围) of this lecture, enter into one aspect only, namely the recreative function of greenspace facilities.

The theoretical separation of living, working, traffic and recreation which for many years has been used in town and country planning, has in my opinion resulted in more attention for forms of recreation far from home, while there was relatively little attention for improvement of recreative possibilities in the direct neighborhood of the home. We have come to the conclusion that this is not right, because an important part of the time which we do not pass in sleeping or working, is used for activities at and around home. So it is obvious that recreation in the open air has to begin at the street door of the house. The city environment has to offer a s many recreation activities as possible, and the design of these has to be such that more required activities can also have recreative aspect.

The very best standard of living is nothing if it is not possible to take a pleasant walk in the district, if the children cannot be allowed to play in the streets because the risks of traffic are too great, if during shopping you can nowhere find a spot for enjoying for a moment the nice weather, in short, if you only feel yo urself at home after the street door of your house is closed after you.

10. The importance of greenspaces in the city environment _____.

A. is still unknown

B. is paid little attention to

C. is accepted on the base of scientific proof

D. has been recognized

11. For many years town and country planning has _____.

A. brought living areas and places of entertainment close together

B. separated recreation facilities far from home

C. improved recreative possibilities in the neighborhood

D. enabled people to reach the best standard of living

12. The word “recreat ion” in the passage probably means,_____.

A. activities done for pleasure or enjoyment

B. doing something again in a creative way

C. doing something important after work

D. required activities done after work

13. According to the author, greenspaces should be designed _____.

A. to reduce the number of recreative activities

B. to attract more and more people

C. for people to use more conveniently

D. for people to do recreative activities at the street door of the house

14. The main idea of this passage is that _____.

A. attention must be paid to the improvement of recreation

B. greenspace facilities should be used better to improve the quality of life

C. the city environment is providing more recreative activities

D. we should try our best to raise our living standard

参考答案10—14 DBACB

（三）[2013·安徽省级示范高中名校联考]

Switzerland is the best place to be born in the world in 2013，and the US is just 16th. A new study made by the Economist Intelligence Unit says American babies will have a dimmer future than those born in Hong Kong，Ireland and even Canada. The EIU，a sister company of the Economist，tried to measure how well countries will provide the best opportunities for a healthy，safe and prosperous life in years to come.

People born in Switzerland will tend to be the happiest and have the best quality of life judged in terms of wealth，health and trust in public institutions，according to the analysis. The Scandinavian countries of Norway，Sweden and Denmark also all make the top five in a ‘quality-of-life' index(指数)highlighting where it is best to be born next year.

One of the most important factors is being rich，but other factors come into play—including crime，trust in public institutions and the health of family life. In total，the index takes into account 11 factors. These include fixed factors such as geography，others that change slowly over time such as demography (人口统计学)，social and cultural characteristics, and the state of the world economy. The index also looks at income per head in 2030，which is roughly when children born in 2013 will reach adulthood. Small economies take up the top 10 countries，with Australia coming second and New Zealand and the Netherlands not too far behind.

Half of the top 10 countries are European，but only one，the Netherlands，is from the euro-zone. The crisis-ridden south of Europe，including Greece，Portugal and Spain，falls behind despite the advantage of a favourable climate. Interestingly，the largest European economies—Germany，France and Britain—do not do particularly well. Nigeria has the unenviable(不值得羡慕的)title of being the worst country for a baby to enter the world in 2013.

11．According to the passage，the happiest people live in________．

A．Denmark B．Switzerland

C．Germany D．Nigeria

12．The factors of telling the best place to be born don't include________．A．economy

B．geography

C．trust in public institutions

D．pollution

13．Which of the following is TRUE according to the text?

A．The Economist Intelligence Unit is a company.

B．The Economist attempted to measure the best place to live.

C．The Scandinavian countries are hardly at the top of the list.

D．Half of the top 10 countries are from the eurozone.

14．The purpose of the text is to show people________.

A．the best place to be born in 2013

B．a new study made by the EIU

C．the worst country to be born in 2013

D．the factors of measuring the best place to be born

【语篇导读】本文主要通过经济学人智库对国家的幸福指数的研究得出在瑞士出生的人是最幸福的，生活质量也最高，而挪威、瑞典和丹麦这几个斯堪的纳维亚国家也跻身前五名。

11. B 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Switzerland is the best place to be born in the world in 2013…”和第二段“People born in Switzerland will tend to be the happiest and have the best quality of life…”可知，一般来说，在瑞士出生的人是最幸福的，其生活质量也最高。故答案为B项。

12. D 细节理解题。根据文章第二段中对于判断最佳居住地的因素介绍可知，没有提到“污染”的问题。故答案为D项。

13. A推理判断题。根据文章第一段中“The EIU, a sister company of the Economist…”可知经济学人智库是一家公司。故A项正确。

14. B 主旨大意题。本文的目的是展示经济学人智库的研究结果，而其他三个选项只是其中的一个部分，不能作为文章的目的。故答案为B项。

When I was fourteen, I earned money in the summer by cutting lawns（草坪）, and within a few weeks I had built up a body of customers. I got to know people by the flowers they planted that I had to remember not to cut down, by the things they lost in the grass or struck in the ground on purpose. I reached the point with most of them when I knew in advance what complaint was about to be spoken, which particular request was most important. And I learned something about the measure of my neighbors by their preferred method of payment: by the job, by the month--- or not at all.

Mr. Ballou fell into the last category, and he always had a reason why. On one

day, he had no change for a fifty, on another he was flat out of checks, on another, he was simply out when I knocked on his door. Still, except for the money apart, he was a nice enough guy, always waving or tipping his hat when he’d see me from a distance.

I figured him for a thin retirement check, maybe a work-relayed injury that kept him from doing his own yard work. Sure, I kept track of the total, but I didn’t worry about the amount too much. Grass was grass, and the little that Mr. Ballou’s property comp rised didn’t take long to trim (修剪).

Then, one late afternoon in mid-July, the hottest time of the year, I was walki ng by his house and he opened the door, mentioned me to come inside. The hall was cool, shaded, and it took my eyes a minute to adjust to the dim light.

“ I owe you,” Mr Ballou, “ but…”

I thought I’d save him the trouble of thinking of a new excuse. “ No problem. Don’t worry about it.”

“ The bank made a mistake in my account,” he continued, ignoring my words. “ It will be cleared up in a day or two . But in the meantime I thought perhaps you could choose one or two volumes for a down payment.

He gestured toward the walls and I saw that books were stacked (堆放) everywhere. It was like a library, except with no order to the arrangement.

“ Take your time,” Mr. Ballou encouraged. “Read, borrow, keep. Find something you like. What do you read?”

“ I don’t know.” And I didn’t. I generally read what was in front of me, what I could get from the paperback stack at the drugstore, what I found at the library, magazines, the back of cereal boxes, comics. The idea of consciously seeking out a special title was new to me, but, I realized, not without appeal--- so I started to look through the piles of books.

“ You actually read all of these?”

“ This isn’t much,” Mr. Ballou said. “ This is nothing, just what I’ve kept, the ones wor th looking at a second time.”

“ Pick for me, then.”

He raised his eyebrows, cocked his head, and regarded me as though measuring me

for a suit. After a moment, he nodded, searched through a stack, and handed me a dark red hardbound book, fairly thick.

“ The Last of the Just,” I read. “ By Andre Schwarz-Bart. What’s it about?”

“ You tell me,” he said. “ Next week.”

I started after supper, sitting outdoors on an uncomfortable ki tchen chair. Within

a few pages, the yard, the summer, disappeared, and I was plunged into the aching tragedy of the Holocaust, the extraordinary clash of good, represented by one decent man, and evil. Translated from French, the language was elegant, simple, impossible to resist. When the evening light finally failed I moved inside, read all through the night,

To this day, thirty years later, I vividly remember the experience. It was my first voluntary encounter with world literature, and I was stunned (震惊) by the concentrated power a novel could contain. I lacked the vocabulary, however, to translate my feelings into words, so the next week. When Mr. Ballou asked, “ Well?”

I only replied, “ It was good?”

“ Keep it, then,” he said. “ Shall I suggest another?”

I nodded, and was presented with the paperback edition of Margaret Mead’s Coming of Age in Samoa ( a very important book on the study of the social and cultural development of peoples--- anthropology (人类学) ).

To make two long stories short, Mr. Ballou never paid me a cent for cutting his grass that year or the next, but for fifteen years I taught anthropology at Dartmouth College. Summer reading was not the innocent entertainment I h ad assumed it to be, not a light-hearted, instantly forgettable escape in a hammock (吊床) ( though I have since enjoyed many of those, too). A book, if it arrives before you at the right moment, in the proper season, at an internal in the daily business of things, will change the course of all that follows.

15.The author thought that Mr. Ballou was ______________.

A. rich but mean

B. poor but polite

C. honest but forgettable

D. strong but lazy

16. Before his encounter with Mr. Ballou, the author used to read _____________.

A. anything and everything

B. only what was given to him

C. only serious novels

D. nothing in the summer

17. The author found the first book Mr. Ballou gave him _____________.

A. light-heated and enjoyable

B. dull but well written

C. impossible to put down

D. difficult to understand

18. From what he said to the author we can gather that Mr. Ballou _______________.

A. read all books twice

B. did not do much reading

C. read more books than he kept

D. preferred to read hardbound books

19. The following year the author _______________.

A. started studying anthropology at college

B. continued to cut Mr. Ballou’s lawn

C. spent most of his time lazing away in a hammock

D. had forgotten what he had read the summer before

20. The author’s main point is that _____________.

A. summer jobs are really good for young people

B. you should insist on being paid before you do a job

C. a good book can change the direction of your life

D. a book is like a garden carried in the pocket.

参考答案15—20 BACCBC

Boys' schools are the perfect place to teach young men to express their emotions and involve them in activities such as art, dance and music.

Far from the traditional image of a culture of aggressive masculinity (阳刚), the absence of girls gives boys the chance to develop without pressure to conform to a stereotype, a US study says.

Boys at single-sex schools were said to be more likely to get involved in cultural

and artistic activities that helped develop their emotional expressiveness, rather than feeling they had to conform to the "boy code" of hiding their emotions to be a "real man".

The findings of the study go against received wisdom that boys do better when taught alongside girls.

Tony Little, headmaster of the British boys-only school, Eton, warned that boys were being failed by the British education system because it had become too focused on girls. He criticized teachers for failing to recognize that boys are actually more emotional than girls.

The research argued that boys often perform badly in mixed schools because they become discouraged when their female peers do better earlier in speaking and reading skills.

But in single-sex schools teachers can tailor lessons to boys’ learning style, letting them move around the classroom and getting them to compete in teams to prevent boredom, wrote the study's author, Abigail James, of the University of Virginia.

Teachers could encourage boys to enjoy reading and writing with "boy-focused" approaches such as themes and characters that appeal to them. Because boys generally have more acute vision learn best through touch, and are physically more active, they need to be given "hands-on" lessons where they are allowed to walk around, James found.

Single-sex education also made it less likely that boys would feel they had to conform to a stereotype that men should be "masterful and in charge" in relationships. "In mixed schools boys feel compelled to act like men before they understand themselves well enough to know what that means," the study reported.

31. The author believes that a single-sex school ________.

A. forces boys to hide their emotions to be "real men"

B. helps to cultivate masculine aggressiveness in boys

C. encourages boys to express their emotions more freely

D. naturally reinforces in boys the traditional image of a man

【答案】C

【解析】细节理解题。根据Boys' schools are the perfect place to teach young men to

express their emotions…。A选项和第1段的观点冲突；B选项从第2段的第1句话的观点中可以知道是错误的。"far from"的含义为“根本不是”。D选项说到的加强男孩靠拢传统男人形象并未在文章内提及。故选C。

32. It is commonly believed that in a mixed school boys _______.

A. perform relatively better

B. behave more responsibly

C. grow up more healthily

D. receive a better education

【答案】A

【解析】细节理解题。根据第四自然段这个研究的结论和人们普遍接受的看法不一致，按照人们普遍的看法，男孩在和女孩一起接受教育的时候表现会更出色。故选A。

33. What does Tony Little say about the British education system?

A. It fails more boys than girls academically.

B. It focuses more on mixed school education.

C. It fails to give boys the attention they need.

D. It places more pressure on boys than on girls.

【答案】C

【解析】细节理解题。根据because it had become too focused on girls. 这句话逆向说明男孩子没有得到适当的关注。故选C。

34. According to Abigail James, one of the advantages of single-sex schools is ______.

A. teaching can be tailored to suit the characteristics of boys

B. boys can focus on their lessons without being distracted

C. boys can choose to learn whatever they are interested in

D. teaching can be designed to promote boys' team spirit

【答案】A

【解析】细节理解题。根据第七段可知教学可以量身定做,以适合男孩的特点，故选A。

35. Which of the following is characteristic of boys according to Abigail James' report?

A. They enjoy being in charge.

B. They have sharper vision.

C. They conform to stereotypes.

D. They are violent and sexist.

【答案】B

【解析】细节理解题。根据Because boys generally have more acute vision learn best

through touch, acute敏锐的与sharp同义，故选B。

阅读理解、专题训练(**)、时文阅读

◆ 技巧点拨

时文阅读是高考阅读理解的考查重点。它所报道的都是国内外最新的事物或趋势，内容新颖，语言地道。阅读时文可拓宽考生视野，使考生了解国内外大事及最新动态，激发考生的阅读兴趣，增加考生的语言积累，进而提高考生的语言运用能力，从而做到从容应考。时文多为记叙文或说明文，或记叙某人某物，或介绍某新生事物、科研进展、生活时尚等。此外，广告也可归为时文范畴。因此，要正确理解阅读材料，考生需灵活运用阅读技巧，从而准确把握文章脉络，抓住文章主旨。

◆ 活学活用

阅读下列短文，按要求完成读写任务

Move Earth — it's no science fiction

LONDON —Scientists have found an unusual way to prevent our planet from overheating：move it to a cooler spot.All you have to do is send a few comets(彗星)in the direction of Earth，and its orbit(轨道)will be changed.Our world will then be sent spinning into a safer，colder part of the solar system.

This idea for improving our climate comes from a group of US National Aeronautics and Space Administration(NASA) engineers and American astronomers.They say their plan could add another six billion years to the useful lifetime of our planet—effectively doubling its working life.

The plan put forward by Dr Laughlin，and his colleagues Don Korycansky and Fred Adams，needs carefully directing a comet or asteroid so that it passes close by our planet and sends some of its gravitational energy to Earth.

“Earth's orbital speed would increase as a result and we would move to a higher orbit away from the Sun，” Laughlin said.

Engineers would then direct their comet so that it passed close to Jupiter or Saturn.The comet would pick up energy from one of these giant https://www.sodocs.net/doc/7b2396107.html,ter its orbit would bring it back to Earth，and the process would be repeated.

In the short term，the plan provides an ideal way to global warming，although the team was actually concerned with a much greater danger.The sun is certain to heat up in about a billion years and so “seriously compromise” our biosphere(生物圈)—

by cooking us.

That's why the group decided to try to save Earth.

The plan has one or two worrying aspects，however.For a start，space engineers would have to be very careful about how they directed their asteroid or comet towards Earth.The smallest miscalculation(误算)in orbit could fire it straight at Earth—with deadly consequences.

There is also the question of the Moon.As the current issue of Scientific American 以约30词概括文章大意

_______________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________

Ⅱ.根据短文内容选择最佳答案

1．What makes the scientists plan to move Earth?

A．A few comets are moving to the direction of Earth.

B．Earth's working life is coming to an end soon.

C．Earth will become too hot for mankind to keep alive.

D．The moon is moving farther and farther away from Earth.

2．If the plan is successful，Earth will have a working life of ________years.

A．12 billion B．6 billion

C．18 billion D．24 billion

3．What serious problems might the plan cause according to the passage?

A．The comet might hit Earth and man might lose the moon.

B．Earth might be moved too far away and man might be frozen to death.

C．The comet might hit Jupiter or Saturn and never return to Earth.

D．Earth's working life might be greatly shortened.

4．What does the underlined word “compromise” mean?

A．provide B．benefit

C．share D．endanger

5．Which of the following best shows how the plan would work?

参考答案

Ⅰ

The text is about a way to save the earth from overheating：to send a few comets in the direction of Earth，making the earth spin into a safer，colder part of the

solar system.(35 words)

Ⅱ

1．解析：从The sun is certain to heat up in about a billion years an d so “seriously compromise” our biosphere(生物圈)— by cooking us.得知答案。

答案：C

2.解析：从their plan could add another six billion years to the useful lifetime of our planet—effectively doubling its working life.得知答案。

答案：A

3．解析：从倒数第二段的in orbit could fire it straight at Earth和最后一段的the Moon would be stripped away from Earth得知答案。

答案：A

4.解析：从by cooking us(把我们烤熟)推知“compromise”应为“危害”之意。

答案：D

5.解析：首先地球必须远离太阳，后面的Later its orbit would bring it back to Earth 都说明A最好阐述了这种位置。

答案：A

高考英语阅读理解训练50篇

阅读理解训练50篇（1） 1 Doctors say anger can be an extremely damaging emotion, unless you learn how to deal with it. They warn that anger can lead to heart disease, stomach problems, headaches, emotional problems and possibly cancer. Anger is a normal emotion that we all feel from time to time. Some people express anger openly in a calm reasonable way. Others burst with anger, and scream and yell.But other people keep their anger inside. They can not or will not express it. This is called repressing anger. For years many doctors thought that repressing anger was more dangerous to a person's health than expressing it. They said that when a person is angry, the brain releases the same hor- mones (荷尔蒙).They speed the heart rate, raise blood pressure, or sugar into the blood, etC．In general the person feels excited and ready to act. Some doctors say that both repressing and expressing anger can be dangerous. They believe that those who express anger violently may be more likely to develop heart disease, and they believe that those who keep their anger inside may face a greater danger of high blood pressure. Doctors say the solution is learning how to deal with anger. They say the first step is to admit that you are angry and to recognize the real cause of the anger, then decide if the cause is serious enough to get angry about. If it is, they say, “Do not express your anger while angry. Wait until your anger has cooled down and you are able to express yourself calmly and reasonably.” Doctors say that a good way to deal with anger is to find humor in the situation that has made you angry. They said that laughter is much healthier than anger. 1．“Damaging emotion” means t hat _________. A．the emotion is harmless B．the emotion is harmful C．the feeling is very strong D．the feeling is hard 2．What statement is right? A．Were you angry, you would be cancered (得癌症). B．Once you are angry, you must be cancered. C．Angry as you are often, you can't be cancered, D．Anger may cause you a cancer. 3．Expressing anger violently _________ repressing it according to some scientists. A．is just the same as B．is more harmful than C．is no better than D．is much better than 4．According to the author, you'd better _________. A．never be angry B．cool it down before you express it C．laugh and laugh when you get angry D．admit you are wrong when you are angry 二

高考英语阅读理解专项训练100篇(附答案)

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